EP1458358A1 - Stable topical formulation of clarithromycin - Google Patents

Stable topical formulation of clarithromycin

Info

Publication number
EP1458358A1
EP1458358A1 EP02783471A EP02783471A EP1458358A1 EP 1458358 A1 EP1458358 A1 EP 1458358A1 EP 02783471 A EP02783471 A EP 02783471A EP 02783471 A EP02783471 A EP 02783471A EP 1458358 A1 EP1458358 A1 EP 1458358A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formulation
oil
group
weight
clarithromycin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02783471A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Mukesh Kumar
Ajay Kumar Singla
Vinod Kumar Arora
Rajiv Malik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd
Original Assignee
Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd filed Critical Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd
Publication of EP1458358A1 publication Critical patent/EP1458358A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/10—Anti-acne agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a stable topical formulation of clarithromycin and its use in the treatment of acne.
  • Acne is a common inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands.
  • Corynebacterium acnes microorganism is typically responsible for the acne infections.
  • Various therapeutic methods that are currently used for treating acne include oral and topical bacteriostatics as well as systemic antibiotics.
  • Tetracycline has been the traditional drug of choice, but other antibiotics such as erythromycin, lincomycin and clindamycin have also been prescribed for this use.
  • oral administration of these drugs often constitutes an effective treatment regimen for acne, it has disadvantages which include exposure of the entire body to the antibiotic as against localized lesions where it is required.
  • Topical application of antibiotics minimizes the antibiotic levels in the circulatory and gastrointestinal systems while killing the bacteria present in the lesions. This is a convenient, non-invasive route effective for the treatment of localized infections of the skin such as acne.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,132,781 describes compositions for the topical treatment of signs and symptoms of acne containing an antibiotic of the erythromycin family together with 2-pyrrolidone or an N-lower alkyl-2-pyrrolidone.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,469,684 describes pharmaceutical compositions containing zinc erythromycin and 50-99% of t-butanol for the treatment of acne.
  • compositions for topical application in the treatment of skin disorders and dermatoses of bacterial origin comprising a minor proportion of an antibiotic agent selected from erythromycin and its derivatives and a carrier comprising penetration enhancing amount of diisopropyl sebacate and alcohol.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,455,037 describes stable topical cream compositions for treating dermal microbial infections in animals containing erythromycin, a polysiloxane, ethanol, water and an emulsifier.
  • Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic which has strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria and is generally considered to have more potent antibacterial activity than the parent drug erythromycin.
  • the therapeutic efficacy of an antibiotic composition applied depends upon the ability of the applied composition to be carried through the epidermis and into the deeper layers of the skin as well as into follicles and sebum plugged follicles which contains causative microorganism for acne infections.
  • clarithromycin may be effectively administered topically for the treatment of acne through the use of the formulations herein described.
  • the preparation of a topical formulation of clarithromycin was a challenge due to its instability in aqueous media.
  • the invention relates to a stable topical formulation of clarithromycin comprising clarithromycin mixed in oil phase; a non-aqueous phase or emulsion in water; and other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • the invention also relates to a method of treating acne in humans or animals in need of such treatment comprising applying topically a formulation containing clarithromycin.
  • clarithromycin which may be used in the present invention varies depending upon the particular condition to be treated, severity of the condition, and other like factors. Accordingly, emulsion formulations of different strengths may be formulated containing clarithromycin ranging from about 0.1 % to about 10% by weight of the formulation.
  • clarithromycin is mixed in a suitable oil phase such as monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, vegetable oils, mineral oils, their derivatives and mixture thereof.
  • a suitable oil phase such as monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, vegetable oils, mineral oils, their derivatives and mixture thereof.
  • the amount of oil phase used depends upon the amount of clarithromycin that needs to be solubilized.
  • the amount of oil phase which may be used in the present invention ranges from about 5% to about 40% by weight of the formulation.
  • the clarithromycin oil mix may either be emulsified in water or added to a non-aqueous vehicle.
  • the non-aqueous vehicle is selected from high and low molecular weight polyethylene glycols, cetostearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetyl ester wax, lanolin alcohol, microcrystalline wax, non-ionic emulsifying wax, stearyl alcohol, white wax, paraffin, and the like.
  • the formulation may further contain other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as emulsion forming agents / emulsifiers, gelling agents, antioxidants, preservatives, neutralizing / pH modifying agents, and chelating agents.
  • excipients such as emulsion forming agents / emulsifiers, gelling agents, antioxidants, preservatives, neutralizing / pH modifying agents, and chelating agents.
  • the emulsion forming agents or emulsifier which may be used in these formulations include carbomers, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers.caprylic and capric triglycerides, polyethylene glycol esters and others belonging to the class of non-ionic surfactants.
  • the amount of emulsion forming agents or emulsifier which may be used in the present invention ranges from about 5% to about 20% by weight of the formulation.
  • the gelling agents which may be used in these formulations include conventional gelling agents well known for their gelling properties, such as, for example, cellulose ethers such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodiumcarboxy methylcellulose, hydroxycellulose, and the like; vinyl alcohols; vinyl pyrrolidones; natural gums such as karaya gum, locust bean gum, guar gum, gelan gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, carrageenan, pectin, agar, alginic acid, sodium alginate and the like, methacrylates such as those availale under the tradename Eudragit ® from Rohm Pharma and polyacrylates such as those available under the brand name "Carbopol®" from B.F. Goodrich.
  • Other gelling agents includes polyoxyethylene - polyoxypropylene copolymes (poloxamers) such as those available under the tradename "
  • the amount of gelling agent which may be used in the formulation would vary depending upon the gelling agent used. A low concentration of the gelling agent makes the formulation loose or fluid which runs on application, while a higher concentration would result in stiff formulations that are not easily spreadable.
  • the gelling agents may be present from about 0.3% to about 40% by weight, for example, from about 0.5% to about 30% by weight of the formulation.
  • the chelating agents which may be used in these formulations include conventional chelating agents known in the art, such as, for example, disodium edetate.
  • the amount of chelating agent which may be used ranges from about 0.005% to about 2.0% by weight of the formulation.
  • the formulation may also contain antioxidants from about 0.005% to about 1.0% by weight of the formulation, such as, for example, butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT), tertiary butyl hydroquinone, propyl gallate, ⁇ -tocopherol, and the like.
  • BHA butylated hydroxy anisole
  • BHT butylated hydroxy toluene
  • tertiary butyl hydroquinone propyl gallate
  • ⁇ -tocopherol ⁇ -tocopherol
  • the formulation may further contain preservatives from about 0.1% to about 2.0% by weight of the formulation.
  • the preservatives which may be used include phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, butyl paraben, benzyl alcohol, and the like.
  • the formulation may also contain a pH modifying agent.
  • the pH of the formulation in accordance with the present invention may be adjusted to between 4.0 and 8.0. Preferably, it may be adjusted between pH 6.0 and 7.0.
  • the pH modifying agent may be selected from any well known and pharmacologically safe inorganic or organic basic salt. Examples of inorganic basic salts may include magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and the like.
  • organic basic salts may include methanolanine, ethanolamine, propanolamine, trimethanolamine, triethanolamine, alkylamines such as methylamine, ethylamine, butylamine, isopropylamine, and the like.
  • formulations described herein have good stability, adhere well to skin and have a smooth feel.
  • the formulations of this invention can be topically applied to affected areas of the skin in any convenient form, e.g. gel, cream, ointment, lotion, spray, etc.
  • Butylated hydroxy anisole and clarithromycin were dissolved in oleic acid followed by the addition of isopropyl myristate, carbomer 1342, polysorbate 80 and a fraction of the purified water to form an emulsion.
  • Gelling agent such as carbopol 940 was separately dispersed in purified water and the dispersion formed was added to the clarithromycin emulsion with stirring. Fragrance was added.
  • the formulation was neutralized by the addition of triethanolamine and the pH was adjusted to 7.0 with sodium hydroxide. The final weight was made up with purified water.
  • the process of making the lotion was similar to that used for making the emulsion.
  • PEG 4000 was melted by heating it to 70°C followed by the addition of a portion of PEG 400.
  • Clarithromycin was separately mixed with BHA and oleic acid and the fragrance. The clarithromycin mix was added to be melted PEG and mix. The weight was made with PEG 400.
  • Example 3 The formulation as described in Example 3 was subjected to an open, non- comparative study on seventy patients in the age group of 13 to 31 years and a male, female ratio of 1 :1. The patients were treated with topical application of clarithromycin 1% gel twice a day for six weeks.
  • Subchronic dermal toxicity was conducted on Sprague Dawley Rats. 0- 1000mg / kg body weight of clarithromycin formulation was applied on the shorn back of animals daily for 28 days. No abnormalities were reported in the 28 days application period nor in the 14 days recovery period indicating the safety of the formulation.

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Abstract

This invention relates to a stable topical formulation of clarithromycin and its use in the treatment of acne.

Description

STABLE TOPICAL FORMULATION OF CLARITHROMYCIN
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a stable topical formulation of clarithromycin and its use in the treatment of acne.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Acne is a common inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands. Corynebacterium acnes microorganism is typically responsible for the acne infections.
Various therapeutic methods that are currently used for treating acne include oral and topical bacteriostatics as well as systemic antibiotics. Tetracycline has been the traditional drug of choice, but other antibiotics such as erythromycin, lincomycin and clindamycin have also been prescribed for this use. While oral administration of these drugs often constitutes an effective treatment regimen for acne, it has disadvantages which include exposure of the entire body to the antibiotic as against localized lesions where it is required.
Topical application of antibiotics minimizes the antibiotic levels in the circulatory and gastrointestinal systems while killing the bacteria present in the lesions. This is a convenient, non-invasive route effective for the treatment of localized infections of the skin such as acne.
U.S. Patent No. 4,132,781 describes compositions for the topical treatment of signs and symptoms of acne containing an antibiotic of the erythromycin family together with 2-pyrrolidone or an N-lower alkyl-2-pyrrolidone.
U.S. Patent No. 4,469,684 describes pharmaceutical compositions containing zinc erythromycin and 50-99% of t-butanol for the treatment of acne.
U.S. Patent No. 4,299,826 describes compositions for topical application in the treatment of skin disorders and dermatoses of bacterial origin comprising a minor proportion of an antibiotic agent selected from erythromycin and its derivatives and a carrier comprising penetration enhancing amount of diisopropyl sebacate and alcohol.
U.S. Patent No. 5,455,037 describes stable topical cream compositions for treating dermal microbial infections in animals containing erythromycin, a polysiloxane, ethanol, water and an emulsifier.
Although these patents describe topical preparations of erythromycin and their salts and derivatives, none of them exemplify erythromycin derivatives like clarithromycin. Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic which has strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria and is generally considered to have more potent antibacterial activity than the parent drug erythromycin.
The therapeutic efficacy of an antibiotic composition applied depends upon the ability of the applied composition to be carried through the epidermis and into the deeper layers of the skin as well as into follicles and sebum plugged follicles which contains causative microorganism for acne infections.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has now unexpectedly been discovered that clarithromycin may be effectively administered topically for the treatment of acne through the use of the formulations herein described. The preparation of a topical formulation of clarithromycin was a challenge due to its instability in aqueous media.
The invention relates to a stable topical formulation of clarithromycin comprising clarithromycin mixed in oil phase; a non-aqueous phase or emulsion in water; and other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
The invention also relates to a method of treating acne in humans or animals in need of such treatment comprising applying topically a formulation containing clarithromycin.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The amount of clarithromycin which may be used in the present invention varies depending upon the particular condition to be treated, severity of the condition, and other like factors. Accordingly, emulsion formulations of different strengths may be formulated containing clarithromycin ranging from about 0.1 % to about 10% by weight of the formulation.
In accordance with the present invention, clarithromycin is mixed in a suitable oil phase such as monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, vegetable oils, mineral oils, their derivatives and mixture thereof. The amount of oil phase used depends upon the amount of clarithromycin that needs to be solubilized. The amount of oil phase which may be used in the present invention ranges from about 5% to about 40% by weight of the formulation. These solubilzers not only solubilize the drug, they also protect the drug from the surrounding aqueous environment and aid in better penetration of the drug though the skin.
The clarithromycin oil mix may either be emulsified in water or added to a non-aqueous vehicle. In a formulation where the clarithromycin oil mix is added to a non-aqueous vehicle, the non-aqueous vehicle is selected from high and low molecular weight polyethylene glycols, cetostearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetyl ester wax, lanolin alcohol, microcrystalline wax, non-ionic emulsifying wax, stearyl alcohol, white wax, paraffin, and the like.
The formulation may further contain other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as emulsion forming agents / emulsifiers, gelling agents, antioxidants, preservatives, neutralizing / pH modifying agents, and chelating agents.
The emulsion forming agents or emulsifier which may be used in these formulations include carbomers, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers.caprylic and capric triglycerides, polyethylene glycol esters and others belonging to the class of non-ionic surfactants. The amount of emulsion forming agents or emulsifier which may be used in the present invention ranges from about 5% to about 20% by weight of the formulation.
The gelling agents which may be used in these formulations include conventional gelling agents well known for their gelling properties, such as, for example, cellulose ethers such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodiumcarboxy methylcellulose, hydroxycellulose, and the like; vinyl alcohols; vinyl pyrrolidones; natural gums such as karaya gum, locust bean gum, guar gum, gelan gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, carrageenan, pectin, agar, alginic acid, sodium alginate and the like, methacrylates such as those availale under the tradename Eudragit ® from Rohm Pharma and polyacrylates such as those available under the brand name "Carbopol®" from B.F. Goodrich. Other gelling agents includes polyoxyethylene - polyoxypropylene copolymes (poloxamers) such as those available under the tradename "Lutrol®", and the like.
The amount of gelling agent which may be used in the formulation would vary depending upon the gelling agent used. A low concentration of the gelling agent makes the formulation loose or fluid which runs on application, while a higher concentration would result in stiff formulations that are not easily spreadable. The gelling agents may be present from about 0.3% to about 40% by weight, for example, from about 0.5% to about 30% by weight of the formulation.
The chelating agents which may be used in these formulations include conventional chelating agents known in the art, such as, for example, disodium edetate. The amount of chelating agent which may be used ranges from about 0.005% to about 2.0% by weight of the formulation.
In accordance with the present invention, the formulation may also contain antioxidants from about 0.005% to about 1.0% by weight of the formulation, such as, for example, butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT), tertiary butyl hydroquinone, propyl gallate, α-tocopherol, and the like. The formulation may further contain preservatives from about 0.1% to about 2.0% by weight of the formulation. The preservatives which may be used include phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, butyl paraben, benzyl alcohol, and the like.
In accordance with the present invention, the formulation may also contain a pH modifying agent. The pH of the formulation in accordance with the present invention may be adjusted to between 4.0 and 8.0. Preferably, it may be adjusted between pH 6.0 and 7.0. The pH modifying agent may be selected from any well known and pharmacologically safe inorganic or organic basic salt. Examples of inorganic basic salts may include magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and the like. Examples of organic basic salts may include methanolanine, ethanolamine, propanolamine, trimethanolamine, triethanolamine, alkylamines such as methylamine, ethylamine, butylamine, isopropylamine, and the like.
The formulations described herein have good stability, adhere well to skin and have a smooth feel. The formulations of this invention can be topically applied to affected areas of the skin in any convenient form, e.g. gel, cream, ointment, lotion, spray, etc.
The following examples illustrate preferred topical formulations prepared and used in the manner of this invention, but are not intended to be limiting thereof.
EXAMPLES 1 - 5 Oil in water emulsion formulations
Butylated hydroxy anisole and clarithromycin were dissolved in oleic acid followed by the addition of isopropyl myristate, carbomer 1342, polysorbate 80 and a fraction of the purified water to form an emulsion. Gelling agent, such as carbopol 940 was separately dispersed in purified water and the dispersion formed was added to the clarithromycin emulsion with stirring. Fragrance was added. The formulation was neutralized by the addition of triethanolamine and the pH was adjusted to 7.0 with sodium hydroxide. The final weight was made up with purified water.
EXAMPLE 6 Clarithromycin Lotion
The process of making the lotion was similar to that used for making the emulsion.
EXAMPLE - 7
Ointment Formulation
PEG 4000 was melted by heating it to 70°C followed by the addition of a portion of PEG 400. Clarithromycin was separately mixed with BHA and oleic acid and the fragrance. The clarithromycin mix was added to be melted PEG and mix. The weight was made with PEG 400.
The formulation as described in Example 3 was subjected to an open, non- comparative study on seventy patients in the age group of 13 to 31 years and a male, female ratio of 1 :1. The patients were treated with topical application of clarithromycin 1% gel twice a day for six weeks.
The efficacy study was monitored for the following:
(i) number of inflammatory (papules / pustules and nodules) and non- inflammatory (comedones) lesions.
(ii) Scores for facial oiliness, erythema, scaling, burning and pruritis recorded on a scale of 0 to 3 (none to severe)
(iii) Physician and patients assessed global improvement on a scale of 0 to 6 (worsened to complete clearing) and
(iv) Patient assessed cosmetic acceptability on a scale of 0 to 5
(unfavaourable to highly favourable).
Transient adverse events, mild in nature were reported by 6 patients (8.6%). No serious event was reported indicating that clarithromycin gel was well tolerated.
After evaluating all the parameters the physicians and patients gave their assessment of the global improvement in the patients conditions as given in the following Table.
Global Improvement - Physician Assessment
As can be seen from the data complete clearing was observed in 2 patients (3%) and good to excellent response in 53 patients (80.3%) indicating the effectiveness of the treatment. Global Improvement - Patient Assessment
Good to excellent response and complete clearing was documented in 55 patients (83%) and less than 50% improvement was noted in only 11 patients (16.7%). None of the patients assessed their conditions as unchanged or worsened. This once again showed the efficacy of the treatment.
Toxicity Studies
Subchronic dermal toxicity was conducted on Sprague Dawley Rats. 0- 1000mg / kg body weight of clarithromycin formulation was applied on the shorn back of animals daily for 28 days. No abnormalities were reported in the 28 days application period nor in the 14 days recovery period indicating the safety of the formulation.
While the present invention has been described in terms of its specific embodiments, certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

WE CLAIM:
1. A stable topical formulation of clarithromycin comprising clarithromycin mixed in oil phase; a non-aqueous phase or emulsion in water; and other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
2. The formulation of claim 1 wherein the clarithromycin comprises from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of said formulation.
3. The formulation of claim 1 wherein the oil phase is selected from the group consisting of monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, vegetable oils, mineral oils and derivatives thereof.
4. The formulation of claim 3 wherein the fatty acids are selected from the group consisting of lauric acid, myristic acid, palrnitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and derivatives thereof.
5. The formulation of claim 3 wherein the vegetable oils are selected from the group consisting of soyabean oil, safflower oil, corn oil, cotton seed oil, peanut oil, olive oil, coconut oil, linseed oil and mixtures thereof.
6. The formulation of claim 3 wherein the mineral oil is liquid paraffin.
7. The formulation of claim 1 wherein the oil phase comprises from about 2% to about 40% by weight of said formulation.
8. The formulation of claim 1 wherein the formulation is an oil in water emulsion.
9. The formulation of claim 1 wherein the non-aqueous phase is selected from the group consisting of high and low molecular weight polyethylene glycols, cetostearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetyl ester wax, lanolin alcohol, lanolin, microcrystalline wax, nonionic emulsifying wax, stearyl alcohol, white wax, petrolatum, paraffin and mixtures thereof.
10. The formulation of claim 1 wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients comprises emulsifying agents, gelling agents, chelating agents, pH-modifying agents, preservatives and antioxidants.
11. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the emulsifying agents are selected from the group consisting of carbomers, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, caprylic and capric triglycerides, polyethyleneglycol esters and others belonging to the class of non-ionic surfactants.
12. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the emulsifying agent comprises from about 5% to about 20% by weight of said formulation.
13. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the gelling agents are selected from the group consisting of cellulose ethers, vinyl alcohols, vinyl pyrrolidones, gums, methacrylates, polyacrylates, and poloxomers.
14. The formulation of claim 13 wherein the cellulose ethers are selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and hydroxycellulose.
15. The formulation of claim 13 wherein the gums are selected from the group consisting of karaya gum, locust bean gum, guar gum, gelan gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, carrageenan gum, pectin, agar, alginic acid, and sodium alginate.
16. The formulation of claim 13 wherein the methacrylates are those sold under the trade name of Eudragit® from Rohm Pharma.
17. The formulation of claim 13 wherein the polyacrylates are those available under the trade name "Carbopol®" from B.F. Goodrich.
18. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the gelling agents comprises from about 0.3% to about 40% by weight of said formulation.
19. The formulation of claim 18 wherein the gelling agents comprises from about 0.5% to about 30% by weight of said formulation.
20. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the chelating agent is disodium edetate.
21. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the chelating agent comprises from about 0.005% to about 2.0% by weight of said formulation.
22. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the pH modifying agent is selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate and the like and organic salts such as methanolamine, ethanolamine, propanolamine, ethylamine, butylamine, and isopropylamine.
23. The formulation of claim 22 wherein the pH modifying agent is triethanolamine.
24. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the preservatives are selected from the group consisting of phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, and butyl paraben.
25. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the preservatives comprises from about 0.1 % to about 2% by weight of said formulation.
26. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the antioxidants are selected from the group consisting of butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, propylgallate, α-tocopherol, and tertiary butyl hydroquinone.
27. The formulation of claim 10 wherein the antioxidant comprises from about 0.005% to about 1.0% by weight of said formulation.
28. The formulation of claim 1 may be adjusted to a pH of from about 4.0 to about 8.0.
29. The formulation of claim 28 may be adjusted to a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.0.
30. The formulation of claim 1 wherein the topical formulation is a gel, cream, ointment, lotion, or spray.
31. The formulation of claim 30 wherein the topical formulation is an ointment.
32. A method of treating acne in humans or animals in need of such treatment, comprising applying topically a formulation according to claim 1.
33. A method of treating acne in humans or animals in need of such treatment, comprising applying topically a formulation containing clarithromycin.
EP02783471A 2001-12-13 2002-12-12 Stable topical formulation of clarithromycin Withdrawn EP1458358A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1243DE2001 2001-12-13
INDE12432001 2001-12-13
PCT/IB2002/005323 WO2003049716A1 (en) 2001-12-13 2002-12-12 Stable topical formulation of clarithromycin

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EP1458358A1 true EP1458358A1 (en) 2004-09-22

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CN (1) CN1617709A (en)
AU (1) AU2002347541A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003049716A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050079228A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2005-04-14 Ashish Jaiswal Clear, stable topical compositions of clarithromycin and processes for their preparation
EP1588697A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-26 Kurt H. Prof. Dr. Bauer Emulsion gel for topical application of pharmaceuticals
CN113876696A (en) * 2021-11-16 2022-01-04 中国人民解放军海军军医大学第一附属医院 Locally injectable clarithromycin hydrogel, preparation method and application thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU630469B2 (en) * 1989-05-26 1992-10-29 Abbott Laboratories Injectable clarithromycin composition
GB9723669D0 (en) * 1997-11-07 1998-01-07 Univ Aberdeen Skin penetration enhancing components
KR20070058028A (en) * 1999-05-24 2007-06-07 소너스파머슈티칼즈인코포레이티드 Emulsion excipients for poorly soluble drugs
EP1263445A1 (en) * 2000-03-09 2002-12-11 Ian Whitcroft Treatment of inflammatory dermatoses comprising erythromycin or clarythromycin, metronidazole and a gastrointestinal hydrogen pump inhibitor

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See also references of WO03049716A1 *

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CN1617709A (en) 2005-05-18
WO2003049716A1 (en) 2003-06-19

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