EP1432871A1 - Formstein aus beton und bausatz aus formsteinen - Google Patents
Formstein aus beton und bausatz aus formsteinenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1432871A1 EP1432871A1 EP02800553A EP02800553A EP1432871A1 EP 1432871 A1 EP1432871 A1 EP 1432871A1 EP 02800553 A EP02800553 A EP 02800553A EP 02800553 A EP02800553 A EP 02800553A EP 1432871 A1 EP1432871 A1 EP 1432871A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spacers
- shaped
- stones
- stone
- paving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/02—Paving elements having fixed spacing features
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/06—Sets of paving elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/20—Drainage details
- E01C2201/202—Horizontal drainage channels
- E01C2201/207—Horizontal drainage channels channels on the bottom
Definitions
- the invention relates to shaped blocks made of concrete for creating soil coverings, in particular paving stones or paving slabs, with a base body which has at least one essentially flat upper side and one lower side as well as four upright side surfaces and spacers on the side surfaces. Furthermore, the invention relates to a kit for paving slabs formed from such shaped stones.
- paving stones For reasons of production technology, but also for reasons of easy installation, it is desirable for paving stones to have a simple geometric shape, namely with a square or rectangular top side. On the other hand, the soil covers formed from the paving stones should be secured against horizontal force components as a result of the traffic load.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of forming shaped stones or paving stones with a simple geometric shape in such a way that a paving slab made therefrom and laid on a level is secured against horizontal load components.
- the shaped block according to the invention is characterized by the following features:
- spacers are arranged on all four side surfaces
- the spacers are arranged in a regular grid on the side surfaces
- the "all-round toothing" ensures that positive locking takes place on all upright side surfaces of each paving stone via a plurality of spacers on correspondingly arranged spacers of adjacent paving stones.
- An optimal or maximum backup is given if the "All-round gearing" in connection with an underside anchoring of the paving stones in the subsurface or in the subgrade.
- depressions are additionally formed on the underside of the paving stone, in particular transverse grooves with a trapezoidal cross section. This results in corresponding projections on the underside of the paving stone, namely likewise trapezoidal ribs, between the grooves, which are preferably arranged at equal intervals from one another. These enter the subsurface (planum) and anchor the paving stones. Together with the toothing according to the invention, this results in optimal fixation of the pavement on the side surfaces.
- the design and size of the paving stones allows, despite the all-round interlocking, the formation of laying units of very different structures, with neighboring paving stones of the same or different sizes being laid offset from one another.
- 1 is a shaped block made of concrete in a spatial representation
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of a soil cover made of shaped stones according to FIG. 3,
- Fig. 6 is a partial vertical section through a shaped block acc. 1 and 3
- 7 is a vertical plan view of an earth cover made of shaped stones according to FIGS. 3 and 4 in the area of a joint on an enlarged scale
- Fig. 9 is a plan view of a further soil cover made of shaped stones according to
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of an earth cover made of shaped stones according to FIG. 3 in an angular association
- 1 1 is a plan view of a soil cover made of shaped stones with different floor plan dimensions
- FIG. 12 is a plan view of a soil cover made of shaped stones with different floor plan dimensions in the Roman network in a schematic representation
- FIG. 13 is a plan view of a further soil cover made of shaped stones with different floor plan dimensions in a schematic representation
- FIG. 14 is a plan view of a soil cover made of obliquely laid shaped stones
- Fig. 15 is a partial representation of the soil cover acc. Fig. 14 on an enlarged scale
- Fig. 16 is a plan view of a soil cover with lawn joints.
- a paving stone 20 essentially consists of a base body 21 and spacers 22 arranged laterally on the base body 21.
- the base body 21 has an upper side 23 which is directed essentially horizontally and an underside parallel thereto 24, as well as upright Longitudinal side walls 25 and transverse side walls 26.
- the base body 21 is rectangular in plan and is provided with a chamfer 27 all around in the area of the upper side 23.
- 3 and 4 show a further paving stone 20 which is designed as described above, but has a basic body 21 which is rectangular in plan and in which the side walls 28 have the same length.
- the paving stones 20 shown can be laid together with other paving stones 20 to form a soil cover 29.
- 20 joints namely longitudinal joints 30 and transverse joints 31, are formed with a constant joint width 32 between the paving stones.
- the base bodies 21 of the paving stones 20 have the spacers 22 in the region of the upright side walls - namely longitudinal side walls 25, transverse side walls 26 or side walls 28.
- the paving stone 20 has circumferential spacers 22 on all four upright side walls 28 or longitudinal side walls 25 and transverse side walls 26.
- the paving stone On each of the opposite side walls 28 or longitudinal side walls 25 and transverse side walls 26, the paving stone has an identical number of spacers 22 with an identical size and shape.
- the paving stone 20 each have six spacers 22 on the longitudinal side walls 25, whereas four spacers 22 are arranged on the transverse side walls 26.
- the paving stone 20 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 has four spacers 22 on all four upright side walls 28.
- the spacers 22 In all paving stones 20, the spacers 22 have the same shape and the same dimensions. All spacers 22 are elongated, web-like structures that extend continuously from the bottom 24 to just before the top 23 along the side walls.
- the spacers 22 are approximately trapezoidal in plan and have essentially the entire height over a constant width 33 and depth 34. In the transition from the spacers 22 to the side walls, the spacers 22 are bevelled on the upper side or provided with a chamfer 35.
- a visible side 36 of the spacers 22 runs approximately parallel to the respective side wall.
- the depth 34 of the spacers 22 corresponds approximately to the joint width 32 between adjacent paving stones 20.
- the visible sides 36 of the spacers 22 of a paving stone 20 lie against the side walls of an adjacent paving stone 20.
- the joints are filled with joint filling material.
- the Joint width 32 slightly larger than the depth 34 of the spacers 22.
- the spacers 22 do not lie with their visible side 36 on the side walls of adjacent paving stones, so that joint filling material is also between these two surfaces (FIG. 7).
- the spacers 22 also serve to produce a horizontal bond between adjacent paving stones 20 within a soil cover 29.
- the paving stones 20 are laid to form a soil cover 29 such that a spacer 22 of a paving stone 20 is located between two spacers 22 of an adjacent paving stone lying next to one another 20 occurs.
- the width 33 of a spacer 22 corresponds approximately to the distance between two spacers 22 lying next to one another.
- the distance between the spacers 22 lying next to one another is preferably slightly larger, so that some joint filling material is arranged in the joint width between the contact surfaces of the spacers 22.
- the joint filling material between the contact surfaces in this case also compensates for any inaccuracies in production that may be present.
- the depth 34 of the spacers 22 is approximately 3 mm and the joint width 32 is approximately 4 mm, so that the distance 37 between the visible side 36 of the spacers 22 and a facing side wall 25, 26, 28 of an adjacent paving stone 20 is approximately 1 Is millimeters.
- the horizontal distance 38 between the base bodies 21 of adjacent paving stones 20 above the chamfer 27 is approximately 10 mm (FIGS. 7 and 8).
- a special feature with regard to the arrangement of the spacers 22 is that they are arranged in a uniform grid 39 (FIG. 5).
- the dimension between two grid lines 40 of the grid 39 corresponds approximately to the width 33 of a spacer 22.
- the parallel grid lines 40 are arranged at the same distance from one another both in the transverse and in the longitudinal direction of the paving stone 20.
- the total width of the grid 39 is determined by the distance from the center of a joint on one side wall 28 to the center of the joint of the opposite side wall 28 of a paving stone 20.
- the total width of the grid 39 in the longitudinal direction of the paving stone 20 corresponds to the total width of the grid 39 in the transverse direction of the paving stone 20.
- the spacers 22 are arranged on each side wall 28 between the grid lines 40, namely in such a way that, in the case of a square base body 21, all side walls 28 of the paving stone 20 are configured in a side view in terms of position, number and arrangement of the spacers 22.
- a further special feature is that the spacers 22 on the opposite side walls 28 are each offset in relation to one another, namely in each case on a gap, a spacer 22 of a side wall 28 being arranged directly adjacent to the adjacent side wall 28. In this way, as shown in FIG.
- Fig. 9 shows a second embodiment in which a soil cover 29 consists of paving stones 20 with a square plan.
- the rows of paving stones 41 are not arranged offset to one another, but in horizontal and vertical continuous rows.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 shows an embodiment of a soil cover 29 made of paving stones 20 with a rectangular plan, which are arranged in a so-called angle association.
- the two opposite longitudinal side walls 25 and transverse side walls 26 are arranged in a side view in accordance with the number and arrangement of the spacers 22.
- the spacers 22 are arranged in the same grid 39 and in the same arrangement as in the exemplary embodiment described above. It can be seen from FIGS. 9 and 10 that the continuous protection against displacement is also ensured in these cases.
- paving stones 20 with different floor plan dimensions are laid to form uniform soil covers.
- All paving stones 20 are designed according to the pattern described above, namely with regard to the arrangement and design of the spacers and with external dimensions that are an integer Multiples of a grid dimension, that is, the distance between two grid lines 40 according to FIG. Fig. 5 correspond.
- a grid dimension that is, the distance between two grid lines 40 according to FIG. Fig. 5 correspond.
- a kit made of paving stones 20 is made available, the individual paving stones 20 of which are partially different from one another with regard to the floor plan dimensions of the base body 21, but otherwise fit into the grid, in particular with regard to the size and arrangement of the spacers 22.
- the starting point of the uniform grid 39 is the distance from a first grid line 40 to the next but one parallel grid line 40. This distance is referred to below as the grid unit 42.
- a raster unit 42 corresponds approximately to the width 33 of a spacer 22 plus the distance between two adjacent spacers 22 (FIG. 5).
- All paving stones 20 of a kit for a coherent soil cover have a matching grid unit 42.
- 37.5 mm, 40 mm, 45 mm or 50 mm can be used as a measure for the grid unit 42.
- the stone dimensions then each correspond to an integer multiple of the grid unit 42, for example, for a grid unit 42 of 50 mm stone dimensions of 100 x 100 mm, 100 x 200 mm, 200 x 200 mm etc.
- the number of spacers 22 per side wall 28 or longitudinal side wall 25 and transverse side wall 26 results from the dimension of the grid unit 42 and the length of the corresponding side wall 28 or longitudinal side wall 25 and transverse side wall 26.
- Fig. 11 shows a soil cover 43, which is formed from a kit of paving stones 44, 45, 46 with different floor plan dimensions.
- the kit consists of three different types of stone, namely a rectangular paving stone 44 with a floor plan of 225 x 300 mm, a square paving stone 45 with a floor plan of 300 x 300 mm and a square paving stone 46 with a floor plan of 225 x 224 mm.
- These three types of stone are each like the paving stone 20 acc. 5, namely provided on all side walls with spacers 22, which are arranged in the grid 39 as described above. are not.
- All spacers 22 of a paving stone 44, 45, 46 are toothed all around on all four side walls with spacers 22 of adjacent paving stones 44, 45, 46, in order to form the horizontal movement lock.
- the paving stones 44, 45, 46 can also be arranged rotated relative to one another without the interlocking of the spacers 22 of adjacent paving stones 44, 45, 46 being interrupted with one another.
- kits 12 shows a further soil cover 43 which, like the exemplary embodiment described above, is formed from a kit of paving stones 20 with different floor plan dimensions.
- the kit consists of seven different stone types, between which, for reasons of clarity, no further distinction is made below.
- the individual stone types have the following dimensions: 75 x 75 mm, 150 x 150 mm, 150 x 225 mm, 150 x 300 mm, 225 x 225 mm, 225 x 300 mm and 300 x 300mm.
- the stone types are laid in the so-called "Roman bond" and are continuously interlocked with one another via the spacers 22.
- FIG. 13 shows a soil cover 47 which is formed from paving stones 48, 49 with a square base body 21.
- Two different types of stone are used, namely a larger paving stone 48 with a stone size of 300 x 300 mm and a smaller paving stone 49 with a stone size of 150 x 150 mm.
- the paving stone thus has side walls 28, the length of which is half the size of the corresponding dimension of the larger paving stone 48.
- four smaller paving stones 49 laid in a square have the same external dimensions as a large paving stone 48.
- the paving stones 48, 49 are arranged in a geometric pattern, namely in rows 41. In some rows 41 there are only paving stones 48 or 49 laid, other rows consist of both smaller and larger paving stones 48, 49. Again, all paving stones 48, 49 are interlocked with one another via the spacers 22 of all side walls 28.
- FIG. 14 shows an earth cover 47 made of paving stones with a rectangular base body 21, which are laid in oblique, continuous rows 41.
- the rows 41 are each offset from one another by a small amount.
- edge stones 49 are arranged on the edge 50 of the soil cover (Fig. 15).
- a side wall 51 of the curb 49 facing the edge 50 of the soil cover 47 is free of spacers, whereas the other side walls 52, which are directed towards adjacent paving stones 20 or curbs 49, have spacers 22.
- These spacers are in turn arranged in the grid 39, so that the curbs 49 are laid in conjunction with the adjacent paving stones 20 and curbs 49.
- one curb 49 is interlocked with paving stones 20 of two adjacent (stone) rows 41, as well as two adjacent curbs 49.
- Corresponding curbs 49 can be arranged on a further edge 53 which runs perpendicular to the edge 50.
- the paving stones 20, 49 can also be severed along a cutting edge 54.
- the soil cover consists of two types of stone, namely paving stones 48 and 49, which are laid in continuous rows 41.
- the special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that some joints have a larger joint width 32 than other joints.
- the transverse joints 31 have a joint width 32 of 37.5 mm.
- the longitudinal joints 30 are designed in the same way as in the previously described exemplary embodiments with a joint width 32 of approximately 10 mm.
- the transverse joints 31 form lawn joints in this way, through which larger amounts of precipitation can seep into the ground.
- the lawn joints can also be landscaped.
- adjacent paving stones 38, 49 of the same (stone) row 41 are laid at a distance from one another, the distance in the exemplary embodiment shown corresponding exactly to the dimension of a grid unit 42.
- the rows 41 are interlocked with one another via the spacers 22 of the paving stones 48, 49 of adjacent rows 41.
- a further special feature which all the paving stones 20, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49 and possibly also the edge stone 49 have, consists in the formation of a locking device in the area of the underside 24.
- the paving stones 20, 44, 45, 46, For this purpose, 48, 49 have a plurality of depressions 56 on the underside 24, The depressions 56 are each arranged parallel to one another at regular intervals. In the case of paving stones with a rectangular base body 21, the depressions 56 run continuously from one longitudinal side wall 25 to the opposite longitudinal side wall 25.
- a horizontal displacement of the paving stones 20, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49 relative to the paving bed 58 is made more difficult by the recesses 56, since in this way the coefficient of friction in the shear joint 59 between the underside 24 of the paving stones 20, 44, 45, 46 , 48, 49 and the plaster bed 58 is increased.
- the recesses 56 are each arranged slightly laterally offset from the spacers 22 in the view, so that they are each slightly cut by the recesses 56.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10149250A DE10149250A1 (de) | 2001-10-05 | 2001-10-05 | Formstein aus Beton und Bausatz aus Formsteinen zur Erstellung von Erdreichabdeckungen |
DE10149250 | 2001-10-05 | ||
PCT/EP2002/009475 WO2003031721A1 (de) | 2001-10-05 | 2002-08-24 | Formstein aus beton und bausatz aus formsteinen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1432871A1 true EP1432871A1 (de) | 2004-06-30 |
EP1432871B1 EP1432871B1 (de) | 2007-03-14 |
Family
ID=7701565
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02800553A Expired - Lifetime EP1432871B1 (de) | 2001-10-05 | 2002-08-24 | Formstein aus beton und bausatz aus formsteinen |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20050066607A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1432871B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE356908T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2461059C (de) |
DE (4) | DE10149250A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1432871T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2283646T3 (de) |
IS (1) | IS2861B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003031721A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA200402474B (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018105218A1 (de) | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-12 | Braun Steine Gmbh | Formstein und Bausatz mit Formsteinen |
EP3792398A1 (de) | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-17 | SF-Kooperation GmbH Beton-Konzepte | Formstein und bausatz mit formsteinen |
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DE102005061711A1 (de) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-12-14 | Rolf Scheiwiller | Bausatz aus Pflastersteinen |
ITBO20050461A1 (it) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-01-13 | Angelo Pessolano | Gruppo modulare di elementi per rivestimento |
DE102006022644A1 (de) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-15 | Sf-Kooperation Gmbh Beton-Konzepte | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formlingen aus Beton |
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JP5538797B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-12 | 2014-07-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電界効果型トランジスタ及び表示装置 |
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US8256182B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2012-09-04 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Free-standing wall arrangement and methods |
DE102011103567A1 (de) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-24 | Rolf Schelwiller | Pflastersteinsystem |
DE102014202184B4 (de) | 2013-02-07 | 2024-01-18 | Harzer Betonwarenwerk Hoym Rolf Pöthmann GmbH & Co. KG | Formstein und Pflasterung |
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DE19935350A1 (de) * | 1999-07-29 | 2001-02-01 | Abb Daimler Benz Transp | Verfahren zur Energie- und Zeitoptimierung der Fahrweise bei einem Fahrzeug/Zug |
US6250850B1 (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 2001-06-26 | Rockwood Retaining Walls, Inc. | Block with multifaceted bottom surface |
AT408001B (de) | 1999-11-17 | 2001-08-27 | Peneder Christian | Betonstein zum befestigen einer befahrbaren fläche |
DE19963964A1 (de) * | 1999-12-31 | 2001-07-05 | Reiner Roth | Formsteinsatz für Pflasterflächen |
EP1162313B1 (de) * | 2000-06-07 | 2003-08-27 | UNI-International Bausysteme GmbH & Co. KG | Kunststein zur Befestigung von Verkehrsflächen im Freien |
DE10105055A1 (de) * | 2001-02-05 | 2002-12-05 | Uni Int Bausysteme Gmbh & Co | Bodenbelagelemente aus Kunststeinmaterial |
USD526066S1 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-08-01 | Schneider William C | Opposite end regions for a paver |
-
2001
- 2001-10-05 DE DE10149250A patent/DE10149250A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2002
- 2002-08-24 DE DE20221163U patent/DE20221163U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-24 EP EP02800553A patent/EP1432871B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-24 DK DK02800553T patent/DK1432871T3/da active
- 2002-08-24 AT AT02800553T patent/ATE356908T1/de active
- 2002-08-24 DE DE20220368U patent/DE20220368U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-24 DE DE50209733T patent/DE50209733D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-24 WO PCT/EP2002/009475 patent/WO2003031721A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2002-08-24 US US10/490,710 patent/US20050066607A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-08-24 ES ES02800553T patent/ES2283646T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-24 CA CA2461059A patent/CA2461059C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-03-23 IS IS7194A patent/IS2861B/is unknown
- 2004-03-29 ZA ZA200402474A patent/ZA200402474B/en unknown
-
2007
- 2007-06-29 US US11/771,648 patent/US20080000191A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-10-15 US US11/872,493 patent/US7575392B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO03031721A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018105218A1 (de) | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-12 | Braun Steine Gmbh | Formstein und Bausatz mit Formsteinen |
EP3792398A1 (de) | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-17 | SF-Kooperation GmbH Beton-Konzepte | Formstein und bausatz mit formsteinen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE20220368U1 (de) | 2003-09-04 |
DE10149250A1 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
IS7194A (is) | 2004-03-23 |
CA2461059A1 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
CA2461059C (en) | 2011-01-04 |
EP1432871B1 (de) | 2007-03-14 |
US7575392B2 (en) | 2009-08-18 |
ATE356908T1 (de) | 2007-04-15 |
DE20221163U1 (de) | 2005-06-30 |
ZA200402474B (en) | 2004-10-05 |
ES2283646T3 (es) | 2007-11-01 |
WO2003031721A1 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
US20080047220A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
DE50209733D1 (de) | 2007-04-26 |
US20080000191A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
US20050066607A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
DK1432871T3 (da) | 2007-07-16 |
IS2861B (is) | 2013-12-15 |
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