EP1395784B1 - Verfahren und einrichtung zum trocknen - Google Patents

Verfahren und einrichtung zum trocknen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1395784B1
EP1395784B1 EP02743176A EP02743176A EP1395784B1 EP 1395784 B1 EP1395784 B1 EP 1395784B1 EP 02743176 A EP02743176 A EP 02743176A EP 02743176 A EP02743176 A EP 02743176A EP 1395784 B1 EP1395784 B1 EP 1395784B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
air
stage
condensation
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02743176A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1395784A1 (de
Inventor
Stefan Jacob
Peter Krauss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rehau Automotive SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rehau AG and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rehau AG and Co filed Critical Rehau AG and Co
Publication of EP1395784A1 publication Critical patent/EP1395784A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1395784B1 publication Critical patent/EP1395784B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/08—Humidity
    • F26B21/086—Humidity by condensing the moisture in the drying medium, which may be recycled, e.g. using a heat pump cycle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for drying water-based paints applied to an object in painting installations and to a device for carrying out the method.
  • water-based lacquer base coats containing water as the solvent
  • organic solvents which merely contain a proportion of organic solvents of a few percents and are therefore far superior to conventional solventborne basecoats in ecological terms.
  • the processing of water-based paints is problematic insofar as water evaporates much more slowly compared to solvents and thus considerably longer evaporation and drying time are required under the same operating conditions in paint booths for water-based paints compared to solvent-based basecoat, as the usual speed laminar flowing Air in painting or spray booths is only about 0.2-0.5 m / sec.
  • the drying of painted objects usually takes place according to three methods. Widely used is the so-called convection process.
  • a circulating hot air flow at a flow rate of 2 to 15 m / sec transfers its heat content to the workpiece by heat exchange.
  • the main advantages of this process are that all thermosetting coating systems and workpiece shapes can be dried and an excellent optical quality of the coating can be achieved.
  • a disadvantage is the required long residence time in the dryer, which can be between 3 and 35 minutes depending on the paint system, layer thickness of the paint job and applied temperature. In the case of the coating of plastics, the residence time in the dryer is typically 8 to 10 minutes.
  • the convection process thus requires energy expenditure and - if high volumes per unit time are to be painted - a high expenditure on equipment.
  • a second possible method for drying painted workpieces is the so-called condensation drying.
  • condensation drying by means of a circulating, strongly dehumidified air flow (moisture content ⁇ 6 g / kg air), the moisture is removed from the paint film.
  • the residence time in the dryer is between 4 and 8 minutes, the drying temperature about 300 ° C. Due to this, compared to the convection drying greatly reduced costs for drying temperature and drying time, the condensation process is inexpensive.
  • the condensation process only one - based on the required specifications in the automotive industry - insufficient surface quality of the painted workpiece, so that it is mainly used for drying or predrying in the wet in wet paint construction.
  • a third drying process which is becoming increasingly important, is drying by means of radiation, preferably by means of infrared rays.
  • directly irradiable workpiece parts can be dried in a short time and with good surface quality.
  • undercuts can only be dried using heat pipes, with the risk of local overheating.
  • DE 19937193 A1 discloses a process for drying hydrous basecoat, as well as a device and retrofit kit for spray booths for carrying out the process. It describes a method and a device for its implementation, in order to make the drying process of water-based basecoat in paint booths particularly economical. For this purpose, it is proposed to accelerate cabin air within the paint booth and to expose the painted object to these accelerated air masses.
  • the device is characterized by a spray booth, the cabin space filtered via the cabin ceiling heated air can be sucked and sucked over the cabin floor, at least in the upper third of the cabin space at least one blower for generating an air mass flow past the painted object is provided.
  • the invention further relates to a retrofit kit for a paint booth for carrying out the method.
  • DE 41 06 573 C1 a device for capacitive stray field drying of water-based paints on flat wood and wood-based surfaces at working widths sizes 500mm known.
  • the RF feed in conjunction with the adaptation is designed so that a high-frequency electrical stray field without magnetic field between the successive rod electrodes is formed and acts on the water paint fin. With the low access of the electric field to the substrate this remains without disturbing heating and requires no subsequent cooling.
  • Water-based paints have, compared to conventional paints, above all disadvantages during drying.
  • the disadvantages are that they contain a mixture with small amounts of organic solvents and a high proportion of water and additives, such as emulsifiers.
  • water is much harder to dry than an organic solvent.
  • additives there are also nonvolatile radicals which can delay the drying and impair the quality of the paint.
  • the disadvantages are the low flow speed of the painted objects, as well as the excessive heating of the substrate and the environment. The result is higher energy losses and longer cooling times.
  • the painted object is blown off with accelerated air.
  • For generating the accelerated air flow compressed air is used. This requires, on the one hand, a correspondingly high energy requirement and, on the other hand, a treatment plant for the separation of oil and other impurities.
  • the air escaping at high speed stirs up dust and paint residues and these deposit on the painted surface, whereby the paint surface can be damaged.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an economical drying process for water-based paints available, in which, at higher flow rate, the temperature in the substrate and the immediate environment is kept small, a more uniform drying and a high paint surface quality is achieved. Furthermore, the invention aims to provide a corresponding device for carrying out the method.
  • the object is achieved by a method in which the water-based paint applied to the object is dried after passing through a known evaporation zone in two series-connected condensation stages and a convection stage.
  • a relative humidity of 50 to 80% over a predetermined period of at least 2 minutes In particular, here a calming of the paint film, so that trapped air can escape.
  • the painted object passes through a first condensation drying stage.
  • Drying takes place over a period of 1 to 3 minutes at an air velocity of 0.05 to 5 m / sec, a temperature in the range of 25 to 350 ° C and a humidity of 1 to 5g / kg of air.
  • the blowing in of the air takes place via the filter cover or the walls or alternatively via nozzles. In this zone, dehumidification of the paint film begins at lower air flow speeds.
  • the painted pre-dried object passes through a second condensation drying stage.
  • the paint film over a period of 2 to 8 minutes at an air velocity of 0.5 m / sec to 12m / sec, a humidity of 1 to 5 g / kg of air and a temperature in the range of 25 to 350 ° C dried.
  • the air inlet again takes place via a filter cover or walls or alternatively via nozzles.
  • the further dehumidification of the paint film takes place at a higher air flow rate to a value below 10% residual moisture in the paint film.
  • a convection drying stage connected in series, wherein the painted object is blown off over a period of 2 to 5 minutes with air at a temperature in the range of 50 to 900 ° C.
  • a superficial crosslinking of the paint film takes place. Residual water content and residual content of organic solvents are reduced to a minimum.
  • the painted objects in a cooling zone are cooled to a temperature below 300 ° C.
  • a settling of the object temperature is generally achieved with precooled air.
  • the paint film is additionally crosslinked on the surface due to the hot air drying in the convection drying stage.
  • the targeted use of condensation drying in conjunction with convection drying and the fact that expensive cooling can be dispensed with after the drying process mean that process times can be reduced by approx. 40% and energy costs by approx. 20%.
  • the associated figure 1 shows a diagram of the device according to the invention for carrying out the method.
  • the device consists of a cabin space 1, in which an evaporation zone 2, a first condensation drying stage 3, a second condensation drying stage 4, a convection stage 5 and a cooling zone 6 are arranged in series one after the other.
  • Each of the individual zones or stages has a separate air supply or removal.
  • a ceiling area a cable conveyor is arranged in the cabin room 1. This transports arranged on a hanger objects - in this example bumper through the arranged in the cabin space 1 zones or stages.
  • the fixed to the hanger bumper occurs at the entrance of the cabin space 1, after which he was provided in a paint shop not shown with a water-based paint film, in the evaporation zone 2 a.
  • the bumper lingers in the evaporation zone 2 for approx. 3 minutes.
  • organic solvents can evaporate.
  • the bumper enters the first condensation drying stage 3. With a residence time of 1 minute and a humidity of 3g / kg air, the dehumidification of the paint film applied to the bumper begins.
  • the temperature of the introduced air is 300 ° C.
  • the air is blown by means of one or more fans 7 through a filter cover or walls.
  • the flow rate is set low at 0.5 m / sec.
  • the fans 7 are designed so that they are preferably infinitely adjustable.
  • the bumpers are forwarded to the second condensation drying stage 4.
  • the paint film is further dried with a residence time of 4 minutes, a temperature of 300 ° C. and a relative humidity of 3 g / kg of air.
  • the air is blown in via fans 7 over the filter cover or walls.
  • the flow rate is 1 m / sec and is thus higher than in the condensation drying stage 3.
  • the paint film is dried to a residual moisture content of less than 10%.
  • the bumper is moved into the convection drying stage 5.
  • a surface crosslinking of the paint film takes place. Residual water content and residual content of organic solvents are reduced to a minimum.
  • the bumper is cooled to an object temperature below 300 ° C. and then leaves the cabin space 1 via the exit.
  • the conveyor In order to realize the corresponding residence times of the bumper in the zones or stages, these are formed correspondingly in their length. It is also possible to form the conveyor accordingly so that the required residence times are realized with a constant length of the zones or stages. This can be done, for example, by the fact that the conveyor describes a meandering path within the cabin space 1. Each of the individual stages or stages are fans 7, which are infinitely variable in their speed, as well as associated with means 8 for heating or cooling of the air to be injected. Using appropriate transducers, the parameters can be determined in each zone and the units are controlled. Overall, there is a device for drying, which works in a continuous process.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP02743176A 2001-06-15 2002-06-11 Verfahren und einrichtung zum trocknen Expired - Lifetime EP1395784B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10128794A DE10128794B4 (de) 2001-06-15 2001-06-15 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Trocknen
DE10128794 2001-06-15
PCT/EP2002/006387 WO2003002924A1 (de) 2001-06-15 2002-06-11 Verfahren und einrichtung zum trocknen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1395784A1 EP1395784A1 (de) 2004-03-10
EP1395784B1 true EP1395784B1 (de) 2006-05-24

Family

ID=7688220

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02743176A Expired - Lifetime EP1395784B1 (de) 2001-06-15 2002-06-11 Verfahren und einrichtung zum trocknen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1395784B1 (cs)
AT (1) ATE327490T1 (cs)
CZ (1) CZ297836B6 (cs)
DE (2) DE10128794B4 (cs)
ES (1) ES2264483T3 (cs)
WO (1) WO2003002924A1 (cs)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL2466237T3 (pl) * 2010-12-15 2016-12-30 Promiennikowe urządzenie suszarnicze
DE102015214711A1 (de) 2015-07-31 2017-02-02 Dürr Systems Ag Behandlungsanlage und Verfahren zum Behandeln von Werkstücken
DE102015214706A1 (de) 2015-07-31 2017-02-02 Dürr Systems Ag Behandlungsanlage und Verfahren zum Behandeln von Werkstücken
DE102015224916A1 (de) 2015-12-10 2017-06-14 Dürr Systems Ag Behandlungsanlage und Verfahren zum Behandeln von Werkstücken

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3842642A1 (de) * 1988-12-18 1990-07-05 Bookmann Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum traenken oder beschichten von gegenstaenden
DE4106573C1 (en) * 1991-03-01 1992-07-16 Josef Prof. Dr.-Ing. 8200 Rosenheim De Gefahrt Water-based wood varnish drier - applies capacitative stray field to horizontal conveyor of low dielectric loss carrying flat wood pieces or wooden surfaces greater than 500 mm in width
DE9109134U1 (de) * 1991-07-24 1991-10-02 Herrmann, Johannes, 8490 Cham Lackier- und Trocknungskabine
US5396716A (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-03-14 Smart Machine Technologies, Inc. Jet tube dryer with independently controllable modules
DE19644717A1 (de) * 1996-10-28 1998-04-30 Schlierbach Gmbh Verfahren zum Trocknen von dünnen Schichten sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US6035547A (en) * 1998-08-17 2000-03-14 Chrysler Corporation Water-borne basecoat flash process
DE19937193B4 (de) * 1999-08-06 2006-01-19 Tiemo Sehon Verfahren zum Trocknen von wasserhaltigem Basislack sowie Einrichtung und Nachrüstsatz für Lackierkabinen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US6291018B1 (en) * 1999-11-15 2001-09-18 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Method for applying a composite coating having a polychromatic effect onto a substrate
DE10030383C1 (de) * 2000-06-21 2001-10-04 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum nicht-thermischen Trocknen von mit einem Wasserbasislack frisch lackierten Gegenständen, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50206907D1 (de) 2006-06-29
WO2003002924A1 (de) 2003-01-09
ES2264483T3 (es) 2007-01-01
EP1395784A1 (de) 2004-03-10
DE10128794A1 (de) 2003-01-02
ATE327490T1 (de) 2006-06-15
DE10128794B4 (de) 2005-02-17
CZ297836B6 (cs) 2007-04-11
CZ200466A3 (cs) 2005-02-16

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