EP1350634B1 - Shape for fabricating books with rounded backs - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fitting for the production of books with rounded back.

In the production of books with rounded backs, the forming process is carried out in successive operations, the so-called rounding of the back, preforming the Schrenzbereiches the ceiling and the reshaping of the rounded book for subsequent rebate burning, with interchangeable, according to the thickness of the book and the Strength of the rounding of graded fittings to be created.

When pressing after rounding by pressing a normal force on the back surface of the book by a rounded the radius of curvature of the book block back fitting and simultaneous Tangentialbewegung to block back pressed the glue film on the block reached and worked on the sides of a fold to the book block. The previously created rounding of the block spine is thereby stabilized.

As a fitting usually a symmetrical to the block center part is used with a concave contact surface to the block. The radius is slightly larger than the radius of curvature at the back of the block. The fitting makes pivotal movements to the left and right toward the front and back of the book.

Solutions are also known where two shaped pieces make an oppositely directed pivoting movement of the same size in the middle of the book block. These fittings are mirror images of each other.

The fittings must be tuned to achieve a certain shape of the back in width and radius very fine to the dimension of the spine, so that there are a variety of fittings that need to be replaced with format change.

The Schrenzbereich the book cover is precalculated by a fitting and the effect of temperature and thereby adapted to the radius on the spine. If the radius is chosen too large, the range of curvature will retract the roundness of the book block. If, on the other hand, he is chosen too small, there will be a gap between the back of the blanket and the back of the block on the finished book.

Again, an exact adaptation to the block thickness and the rounding must be done again, which in practice again means many different fittings, which must be replaced in a book format change.

Finally, the book block must be reshaped before crimping and whole presses. In this case, the block is pressed into the rounding of the Deckenschrenzbereich by a bridge, which acts on the front section. The block back must be supported in its shape, if a real radius-shaped back is to be achieved. The fittings are constructed in one piece symmetrically with concave contact surface to the block back. The radius of the fittings corresponds to the desired radius of the block spine. Again, a variety of fittings is needed.

To avoid this, solutions have become known in which the block back is not pressed against a radius-shaped fitting, but only on the sides by rails that rest tangentially outside on the block back. Due to the force of the forming bar in the middle of the block at the front incision and the supporting effect on the outside of the back, no radius-shaped shaping takes place, but rather a parabolic shape is created which gives the impression of a sharp spine.

The requirement of many moldings, as described above for the relevant operations of book production, means a high set-up cost. In the light of smaller editions and thus more frequently occurring format changes, this is of increasing importance.

Despite many existing format change parts, a fitting is always optimal only for a rounding radius and a block thickness. For different book sizes, the format part is always a compromise.

An additional disadvantage is often that the right fitting is not used right away, because the paper's behavior during rounding and pressing, ceiling preforming and book proofing is often undefined. It must then be changed again.

EP-A1-795735 shows a fitting with height-adjustable slats.

The present invention is based on the object of infinitely adapting fittings to the desired radius of the block spine and thus significantly reduce the format changeover effort.

This object is achieved by the disclosed in claim 1 technical teaching.

The lamella plates arranged side by side cover the thickness range of the book to be formed in their total thickness of the disk pack.

The individual lamellae are considered to be displaceable relative to one another normal to the block ridge plane. A mobility in block height corresponding to the length of the slats is excluded by the encircling frame.

Particular embodiments of the subject matter of the invention will become apparent in conjunction with the technical teaching of claim 1 from the features of the subclaims.

According to the invention, the slats are provided on their length with at least two curved elongated holes, which are penetrated by guide pins.

When adjusting the molding to a different radius, the guide pins are adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the slots in the slats, thereby making a relative movement to the lamellae along the curved slots and thereby move the lamellae according to the shape of the curved slots at right angles to the back surface of the book block to be formed , Each lamella is provided with an individual curve. Thus, a movement of the pins within a three-dimensional X-Y-Z coordinate system in the X-direction, depending on the position of the lamella in the Z-axis results in a different movement in the Y-direction, which leads to the design of the necessary radius.

The radius preferably changes proportionally with the movement of the guide pins in the X direction, so that a linear assignment is given for an automatic adjustment.

The adjustment in the X direction can also be used multiple times. Part of the adjustment may be e.g. be used to create a modified radius that has a tangential outlet at the edge when e.g. With a strong pivoting movement of the fitting a strong fold on the longitudinal edges of the back should be generated.

It can be produced a concave surface of the molding, as it is used for pressing off the block spine and for reshaping the book block. But it can also be a convex surface as required for the blanket preforming generated.

The radius is always assigned to a block thickness, whereby the ratio block thickness to radius can vary within limits depending on the severity of the rounding.

With a small radius, only the inner part of the fitting is used. The unused part may e.g. simply set parallel to the block spine.

The fittings are usually made in one piece.

For the task of pressing the block back, it may be appropriate to use divided fittings that press antisymmetrically simultaneously to both sides of the block back through a pivoting movement.

These fittings are also designed according to the present invention. Both parts of the fitting have separate elements for performing the X-movement and own guide pins in the curved slots.

The x-movement can be performed from the outer boundary plates or from a middle plate. The adjustment by moving a middle plate is possible if the position of the middle lamella is always the same regardless of the set radius.

The lamellar plates are normally guided without play between the outer boundary plates. Good contact of the laminations with each other is important for use in ceiling preforms, where the entire mold block is heated up to 200 ° C.

When pressing the back, where high normal forces must be applied to the block back, the lamella plates are preferably stretched to each other, for. by hydraulic cylinders on the outer boundary plates, which compress the disk set. The guide pins, which pass through the lamellae in the curved elongated holes, serve as a tension connection between the outer boundary plates. Due to the tension, the fitting looks like a solid part.

To adjust the hydraulic pressure device is relaxed.

Distributed between the slats support plates can be accommodated. They rest on the back of a mounting plate and transmit the normal force, which is absorbed only by the boundary plates without these support plates. The support plates have for the passage of the guide pins parallel to the receiving plate extending slots that allow the adjustment in the x direction freely.

The lamella plates can be rounded at the point of contact with the book block, bevelled or angular depending on the application.

For the blanket preforming, one of the curvatures of the rounding in approximately the following bevel with rounding is preferred, in order to achieve the best possible thermal contact with the drawn material.

For the book proofing a rounding of the sheet edges is important to get no marks through sharp edges.

Depending on the pressing method, either a rounding or sharp sheet edges are recommended for the use case of pressing.

If a strong tangential movement of the shaped piece is produced on the block back during the pressing process, rounded sheet edges are advantageous. The round edges do not hook when gliding over, but produce a walkthrough beneficial for pressing.

In other Abpressverfahren in which an accurate vote of the tangential movement, the normal movement and the pivoting movement of the fitting, sharp edges of the lamellar sheets are advantageous because they allow the positive connection with the back of an extension of the back and thus a rigid rounding.

Fig. 1

ein Formstück mit konvexer Formgebung mit einem Radius Rmax,

Fig. 2

ein Formstück mit konvexer Formgebung im Schnitt eingestellt auf einen kleinen Radius R,

Fig. 3

ein einteiliges Formstück konkaver Form,

Fig. 4

ein zweiteiliges Formstück konkaver Form,

Fig. 5

eine aus Blech hergestellte Lamelle mit einer als kurvenförmiges Langloch ausgebildeter Steuerkurve,

Fig. 6

ein einteiliges Formstück konkaver Form mit gerundeten Lamellenkanten,

Fig. 7

ein zweiteiliges Formstück mit scharfen eckigen Kanten der Lamellen und

Fig. 8

ein zweiteiliges Formstück mit hydraulischer Spannung der Lamellenpakete

Various embodiments of the fittings according to the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

a shaped piece with a convex shape with a radius Rmax,

Fig. 2

a shaped piece with a convex shape set in section to a small radius R,

Fig. 3

a one-piece fitting concave shape,

Fig. 4

a two-piece shaped piece concave shape,

Fig. 5

a lamella made of sheet metal with a cam designed as a curved slot,

Fig. 6

a one-piece shaped piece concave shape with rounded lamellar edges,

Fig. 7

a two - part fitting with sharp square edges of the slats and

Fig. 8

a two-piece fitting with hydraulic tension of the disk packs

In Fig. 1, a shaped piece with a convex contour is shown in perspective, as it is required for the ceiling preforming. In the middle is a slide 1, which can be moved by the dimension x in the longitudinal direction. On slide 1, the guide pins 2 are fixed on both sides, which are guided in the outer side parts 3 with elongated holes 3a. The side parts 3 together with stops 5 form a frame inside which a plurality of lamellae 4 arranged next to one another are located. The guide pins 2 pass through the lamellae 4 left and right of the slide 1 in cams 4a, which are formed by curved slots and the longitudinal movement of the pin 2 in the X direction produce an adjustment in the Y direction, as shown in FIG. 5 can be seen , Each lamella 4 has another depending on their distance from the center of the molding another formed by a respective curved slot control cam 4a, so that the contour of the molding is changed by the X-movement accordingly.

When moving the slider 2, the side parts 3 remain stationary and prevent the stops 4 on the lamellae 4 at a shift in the X direction. Fig. 2 shows how the contour has changed after an adjustment of the fitting according to FIG. 1.

Preferably, the contact area with the spine is a radius. However, it is also conceivable another contour.

Fig. 3 shows a shaped piece with concave contour for pressing off the block spine or the post-forming of the block spine. The bolts 2 are again attached to the slider 1. Upon adjustment of the slide in the X direction, the bolts slide back into slots of the frame 6 and again pass through the slats 4 in control cams 4a, whereby an adjustment of the individual slats in the Y direction takes place.

In some known solutions for squeezing off the block spine, instead of a one-piece molding that makes a reciprocating pivoting movement on the block spine, a two-piece fitting is used.

Such a solution is shown in FIG. 4.

The lamellae 4 are located between the side parts 7 and the counter-plates 8 and are penetrated by guide pins 9 which fix the position of counter-plates 8 and side parts 7 to one another. The side parts 7 can move in the stationary guide plate 10 according to the adjustment X. The slats are retained by the stops 11 and are moved over the control cams 4a in the slats 4 in the Y direction. For the Abpressvorgang make both halves of the fitting an opposite pivoting α and a horizontal movement h and a vertical movement v.

It is preferably generated a radius-shaped contour in the contact area with the spine. The outer, unused area of the fitting is set flat so as not to interfere with its pivoting.

In this type of pressing the edges of the lamellar plates are preferably formed square sharp. This results in a good entrainment on the block back and it can be a greater elongation of the back and thus a better Abpressergebnis be achieved (see Fig. 7).

When pressing with a one-piece fitting that is pivoted about twice on the spine back and forth, the edges of the slats are preferably rounded. The rounded edges then create a flexing movement on the back of the block, which expands the back very well (see Fig. 6).

When used for blanket preforming, the sipe edges are preferably rounded to achieve better thermal contact.

When pressing the block back strong forces occur on the slats. It is therefore expedient to clamp the slats 4 against each other.

For this purpose, as shown in Fig. 8 hydraulically actuated piston 12 are used, which exert a normal force on the slats 4. These are fixed to one another by friction and do not load the bolts 2 by the pressing force.

When two-piece fitting the slats are clamped against the inner counter-plates 8. The one-piece fitting requires tension only from one side. The slats are clamped against the frame 6.

When adjusting the contour, the hydraulic clamping is released.

The counter-plates 8 and the slider 1 are supported against the side parts 7, to absorb pressure forces directly.

If the fittings require an elevated temperature, e.g. when ceiling preforming, the heat is introduced through the side parts 3, which are provided with a heater.

For certain applications e.g. Ceiling preforms may be of interest in dividing the adjustment range X into areas that produce different types of contour. So z. For example, one part of the adjustment path can be used to create a more or less large radius, while the other part is used to create a rectangular contour of different width for books with a straight back.

Claims (9)

1. Shaping die for producing books with rounded spines, with a frame (3, 5, 7, 10) bounding an essentially rectangular interior, in the interior of which a plurality of height-adjustable segments (4) are disposed adjacent to one another in an orientation perpendicular to the frame plane predefined by the frame (3, 5, 7, 10), and any profiled surface, preferably in the form of a radius, can be produced by means of the segments (4) by pushing the segments lying adjacent to one another accordingly, and guide bolts (2) extend through the segments (4) in control cams (4a) formed by curved slots so that the pushing movement of the segments (4) in the profile imparting direction y perpendicular to the frame plane is generated by a longitudinal movement x of the guide bolts in the frame plane.
2. Shaping die as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a displacement path of the segments (4) in the direction of the longitudinal movement x is proportional to a radius of the rounding on the shaping die.
3. Shaping die as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the displacement path for imparting a different shape to the profile is split into regions.
4. Shaping die as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the profile surface may be convex or concave.
5. Shaping die as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the shaping die has a two-part frame (3, 5, 7, 8, 10) with two head plates (8) disposed parallel with one another at the apex of the profile surface.
6. Shaping die as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the segments (4) disposed inside the frame can be clamped to one another, preferably hydraulically, and the clamping action is vented during the displacement.
7. Shaping die as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the edges of the segments (4) facing the profile surface are rounded.
8. Shaping die as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the edges of the segments (4) facing the profile surface are of a sharp-edged square shape.
9. Shaping die as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the segments (4) can be heated.

Images