EP1334530A2 - Method for operating an ht-pem fuel cell device and corresponding fuel cell device - Google Patents

Method for operating an ht-pem fuel cell device and corresponding fuel cell device

Info

Publication number
EP1334530A2
EP1334530A2 EP01993034A EP01993034A EP1334530A2 EP 1334530 A2 EP1334530 A2 EP 1334530A2 EP 01993034 A EP01993034 A EP 01993034A EP 01993034 A EP01993034 A EP 01993034A EP 1334530 A2 EP1334530 A2 EP 1334530A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
pem
pem fuel
cell device
cell module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01993034A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joachim Grosse
Manfred Poppinger
Rolf BRÜCK
Meike Reizig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Vitesco Technologies Lohmar Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH, Siemens AG filed Critical Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Publication of EP1334530A2 publication Critical patent/EP1334530A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an HT-PEM fuel cell system, which consists of at least one fuel cell module designed as a stack of fuel cells for hydrogen operation.
  • the invention also relates to an associated HT-PEM fuel cell system with at least one fuel cell module for hydrogen operation.
  • the HT-PEM fuel cell system is understood to mean a system in which the fuel cells are polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, which operate at elevated operating temperatures.
  • elevated operating temperatures are higher temperatures than the working temperature of the PEM fuel cell of 60 ° C, specifically temperatures between 60 ° C and 300 ° C, in particular in the range between 120 ° C and 200 ° C.
  • EP 0 596 366 B1 specifies a method and an associated device in which the fuel gas is concentrated by a suitable fluid system after parallel flow through a first group of fuel cells and successively supplied to further fuel cell groups
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose an HT-PEM fuel cell system in an improved operating mode.
  • the invention proposes measures and associated means for the construction of a fuel cell module with which an HT-PEM fuel cell system can work in cascade mode.
  • the HT-PEM fuel cell system is operated in the temperature range between 60 ° C and 300 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 180 ° C.
  • the so-called ⁇ value can be set in a targeted manner during fuel cell operation. This results in special advantages especially for the HT-PEM fuel cell.
  • the single figure shows a fuel module of an HT-PEM fuel cell system with means for cascade operation.
  • 10 denotes a fuel cell module made up of a plurality of fuel cell units, which is part of an HT-PEM fuel cell system.
  • the stacking results in the
  • Fuel cell units each with a membrane electrode unit, a stack, which is also referred to in the technical terminology as a stack.
  • a stack which is also referred to in the technical terminology as a stack.
  • Such a HT-PEM fuel cell stack is operated at an elevated temperature, for example at temperatures between 60 and 300 ° C.
  • Favorable working temperatures for the HT-PEM fuel cell are between 120 ° C and 200 ° C.
  • the fuel cell module 10 is divided into individual units 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., a cascade with four units 1 to 4 being shown by way of example in the figure. All four units 1 to 4 with consecutive, decreasing number of fuel cell units and MEAs are operated cascaded with hydrogen as fuel gas from a common fuel gas system, with which a suitable adaptation of the fuel gas is achieved.
  • the cascaded operation results in an improvement of the process control in such a way that the appropriate amount and concentration of hydrogen is present on the sensitive MEAs of the HT-PEM fuel cells.
  • the fuel cell module 10 is supplied with the fuel gas via the input E.
  • the fluid lines are designated with 21 to 24. Residual gas is output at output A.
  • the cascading described for HT-PEM fuel cells also enables the so-called ⁇ value, which is characteristic of the use of the fuel gas, to be optimized. This makes significant improvements, especially for the HT-PEM fuel cell reached. Specifically, this can influence exhaust emissions and thus, in particular, harmful emissions to the environment can be reduced.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The operation of a fuel cell device in a cascade arrangement is already known according to the prior art. The invention provides a cascade construction especially for a HT-PEM fuel cell device for which cascade operation is possible. This enables the outlet emissions to be influenced advantageously.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren zum Betreiben einer HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage und zugehörige BrennstoffzellenanlageMethod for operating an HT-PEM fuel cell system and associated fuel cell system
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage, die aus wenigstens einem als Stapel von Brennstoffzellen ausgebildeten BrennstoffZellenmodu1 für den Wasserstoff-Betrieb besteht. Daneben bezieht sich die Erfindung auch auf eine zugehörige HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage mit wenigstens einem Brennstoffzellenmodul für den Wasserstoffbetrieb.The invention relates to a method for operating an HT-PEM fuel cell system, which consists of at least one fuel cell module designed as a stack of fuel cells for hydrogen operation. In addition, the invention also relates to an associated HT-PEM fuel cell system with at least one fuel cell module for hydrogen operation.
PEM-BrennstoffZeilen sind vom Stand der Technik bekannt. Un- ter HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage ist eine Anlage verstanden, bei der die Brennstoffzellen Polymer-Elektrolyt-Membranbrennstoffzellen sind, die bei erhöhten Betriebstemperaturen arbeitet. Erhöhte Betriebstemperaturen sind im vorliegenden Zusammenhang höhere Temperaturen im Vergleich zur Arbeitstempe- ratur der PEM-Brennstoffzelle von 60°C, und zwar Temperaturen zwischen 60°C und 300°C, insbesondere im Bereich zwischen 120°C und 200°C.PEM fuel lines are known from the prior art. The HT-PEM fuel cell system is understood to mean a system in which the fuel cells are polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, which operate at elevated operating temperatures. In the present context, elevated operating temperatures are higher temperatures than the working temperature of the PEM fuel cell of 60 ° C, specifically temperatures between 60 ° C and 300 ° C, in particular in the range between 120 ° C and 200 ° C.
Vom Stand der Technik ist es weiterhin bekannt, bei speziell für den U-Boot-Betrieb konzipierten Brennstoffzellenanlagen die zu einem Stapel zusammengefassten Brennstoffzellen kaska- diert zu betreiben. Dadurch soll eine optimale Ausnutzung des Brennstoffes erreicht werden. Im Einzelnen wird mit der EP 0 596 366 Bl ein Verfahren und eine zugehörige Vorrichtung angegeben, bei dem das Brenngas durch ein geeignetes Fluid- system nach parallelen Durchströmen einer ersten Gruppe von Brennstoffzellen aufkonzentriert und sukzessive weiteren Brennstoffzellengruppen zugeführt wirdIt is also known from the prior art to cascade the fuel cells combined in a stack in fuel cell systems specially designed for submarine operation. This is to achieve an optimal use of the fuel. Specifically, EP 0 596 366 B1 specifies a method and an associated device in which the fuel gas is concentrated by a suitable fluid system after parallel flow through a first group of fuel cells and successively supplied to further fuel cell groups
Nicht übertragbar ist dieses System auf eine HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage. Trotzdem werden in der Praxis die gleichen Anforderungen gestellt. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage in verbesserter Betriebsweise vorzuschlagen.This system is not transferable to an HT-PEM fuel cell system. Nevertheless, the same requirements are made in practice. The object of the invention is therefore to propose an HT-PEM fuel cell system in an improved operating mode.
Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die Maßnahmen des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Eine zugehörige Brennstoffzellenan- lage ist im Patentanspruch 3 angegeben.The object is achieved by the measures of claim 1. An associated fuel cell system is specified in claim 3.
Mit der Erfindung werden Maßnahmen und zugehörige Mittel für den Aufbau eines Brennstoffzellenmoduls vorgeschlagen, mit denen eine HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage im Kaskadenbetrieb arbeiten kann. Dabei wird die HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage im Temperaturbereich zwischen 60°C und 300°C, vorzugsweise zwischen 120°C und 180°C, betrieben.The invention proposes measures and associated means for the construction of a fuel cell module with which an HT-PEM fuel cell system can work in cascade mode. The HT-PEM fuel cell system is operated in the temperature range between 60 ° C and 300 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 180 ° C.
Mit der Erfindung lässt sich in vorteilhafter Weise erreichen, dass der sog. λ-Wert beim Brennstoffzellenbetrieb gezielt eingestellt werden kann. Damit ergeben sich speziell für die HT-PEM-Brennstoffzelle besondere Vorteile.With the invention it can advantageously be achieved that the so-called λ value can be set in a targeted manner during fuel cell operation. This results in special advantages especially for the HT-PEM fuel cell.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels. Die einzige Figur zeigt ein Brennstoffmodul einer HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage mit Mitteln für einen Kaskaden- betrieb.Further details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of the figures of an exemplary embodiment. The single figure shows a fuel module of an HT-PEM fuel cell system with means for cascade operation.
In der Figur ist mit 10 ein Brennstoffzellenmodul aus einer Vielzahl von Brennstoffzelleneinheiten bezeichnet, das Teil einer HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage ist. Wie bei der üblichen PEM-Brennstoffzelle ergibt sich durch die Stapelung derIn the figure, 10 denotes a fuel cell module made up of a plurality of fuel cell units, which is part of an HT-PEM fuel cell system. As with the usual PEM fuel cell, the stacking results in the
Brennstoffzelleneinheiten mit jeweils einer Membran-Elektrodeneinheit ein Stapel, der in der Fachterminologie auch als Stack bezeichnet wird. Eine solches HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellen- stack wird im Vergleich zur üblichen PEM-Brennstoffzelle, die bei beispielsweise 60°C arbeitet, mit erhöhter Temperatur betrieben, beispielsweise bei Temperaturen zwischen 60 und 300°C. Vorteilhafte Arbeitstemperaturen für die HT-PEM- Brennstoffzelle liegen zwischen 120°C und 200°C.Fuel cell units, each with a membrane electrode unit, a stack, which is also referred to in the technical terminology as a stack. Such a HT-PEM fuel cell stack is operated at an elevated temperature, for example at temperatures between 60 and 300 ° C. Favorable working temperatures for the HT-PEM fuel cell are between 120 ° C and 200 ° C.
Der Brennstoffzellenmodul 10 ist in einzelne Einheiten 1, 2, 3, 4, ... aufgeteilt, wobei in der Figur beispielhaft eine Kaskade mit vier Einheiten 1 bis 4 dargestellt sind. Alle vier Einheiten 1 bis 4 mit in der Reihe aufeinanderfolgenden, jeweils geringer werdenden Anzahl von Brennstoffzelleneinheiten und MEA' s werden kaskadiert mit Wasserstoff als Brenngas aus einem gemeinsamen Brenngassystem betrieben, womit eine geeignete Anpassung des Brenngases erreicht wird. Mit dem kaskadierten Betrieb ergibt sich eine Verbesserung der Prozessführung dahingehend, dass an den sensibel arbeitenden MEA' s der HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellen jeweils die geeignete Menge und Konzentration an Wasserstoff vorliegt.The fuel cell module 10 is divided into individual units 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., a cascade with four units 1 to 4 being shown by way of example in the figure. All four units 1 to 4 with consecutive, decreasing number of fuel cell units and MEAs are operated cascaded with hydrogen as fuel gas from a common fuel gas system, with which a suitable adaptation of the fuel gas is achieved. The cascaded operation results in an improvement of the process control in such a way that the appropriate amount and concentration of hydrogen is present on the sensitive MEAs of the HT-PEM fuel cells.
Das Brennstoffzellenmodul 10 wird über den Eingang E mit dem Brenngas versorgt. In den einzelnen Kaskadierungsstufen sind die Fluidleitungen mit 21 bis 24 bezeichnet. Am Ausgang A wird Restgas ausgegeben.The fuel cell module 10 is supplied with the fuel gas via the input E. In the individual cascading stages, the fluid lines are designated with 21 to 24. Residual gas is output at output A.
Durch die beschriebene Kaskadierung auch bei HT-PEM-Brenn- stoffzellen ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, den sog. λ-Wert, der die Nutzung des Brenngases charakteristisch ist, zu optimie- ren. Damit werden speziell für die HT-PEM-Brennstoffzelle erhebliche Verbesserungen erreicht. Im Einzelnen können damit die Auslassemissionen beeinflusst und somit insbesondere schädliche Emissionen an die Umwelt vermindert werden. The cascading described for HT-PEM fuel cells also enables the so-called λ value, which is characteristic of the use of the fuel gas, to be optimized. This makes significant improvements, especially for the HT-PEM fuel cell reached. Specifically, this can influence exhaust emissions and thus, in particular, harmful emissions to the environment can be reduced.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage, die aus wenigstens einem Brennstoffzellenmodul mit einem Stapel von HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellen (Stack) für einen Wasserstoff (H2) -Betrieb besteht, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Brennstoffzellenmodul mit den HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellen kaskadiert betrieben wird.1. A method for operating an HT-PEM fuel cell system, which consists of at least one fuel cell module with a stack of HT-PEM fuel cells (stack) for a hydrogen (H2) operation, characterized in that the fuel cell module with the HT-PEM Fuel cells is operated cascaded.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Brennstoffzellenmodul der HT- PEM- Brennstoffzellenanlage im Temperaturbereich zwischen 60°C und 300°C, vorzugsweise zwischen 120°C und 200°C, betrieben wird.2. The method according to claim 1, so that the fuel cell module of the HT-PEM fuel cell system is operated in the temperature range between 60 ° C and 300 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 200 ° C.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass durch die Kaskadierung die Auslassemissionen des Brennstoffzellenmoduls beeinflusst, insbesondere vermindert, werden.3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, that the cascading influences, in particular reduces, the outlet emissions of the fuel cell module by the cascading.
4. HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2 bzw. 3 mit wenigstens einem Brennstoffzellenmodul mit HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellen für einen Wasserstoff (H2) -Betrieb, d a d u r c h g e - k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass Mittel (21, 22, 23) zur Kaskadenbauweise des Brennstoffzellenmoduls (1) vorhanden sind.4. HT-PEM fuel cell system for performing the method according to claim 1 or claim 2 or 3 with at least one fuel cell module with HT-PEM fuel cells for a hydrogen (H 2 ) operation, characterized in that means (21, 22nd , 23) for the cascade design of the fuel cell module (1) are present.
5. HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage nach Anspruch 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Kaska- denbauweise in einer Aufteilung des Brennstoffzellenmoduls (10) in einzelne Einheiten besteht.5. HT-PEM fuel cell system according to claim 4, so that the cascade construction consists in dividing the fuel cell module (10) into individual units.
6. HT-PEM-Brennstoffzellenanlage nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die einzel- nen Einheiten des Brennstoffzellenmoduls (10) von einem ge¬ meinsamen Brenngassystems versorgt werden. 6. HT-PEM fuel cell system according to claim 5, characterized in that the individual units of the fuel cell module (10) are supplied by a ge ¬ common fuel gas system.
EP01993034A 2000-10-31 2001-10-31 Method for operating an ht-pem fuel cell device and corresponding fuel cell device Withdrawn EP1334530A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10054050A DE10054050A1 (en) 2000-10-31 2000-10-31 Method for operating an HT-PEM fuel cell system and associated fuel cell system
DE10054050 2000-10-31
PCT/DE2001/004114 WO2002037594A2 (en) 2000-10-31 2001-10-31 Method for operating an ht-pem fuel cell device and corresponding fuel cell device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1334530A2 true EP1334530A2 (en) 2003-08-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01993034A Withdrawn EP1334530A2 (en) 2000-10-31 2001-10-31 Method for operating an ht-pem fuel cell device and corresponding fuel cell device

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20030198839A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1334530A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2004513488A (en)
KR (1) KR20030044064A (en)
CN (1) CN1471742A (en)
AU (1) AU2002220512A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2427140A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10054050A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002037594A2 (en)

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US7531264B2 (en) * 2004-06-07 2009-05-12 Hyteon Inc. Fuel cell stack with even distributing gas manifolds
US20060008695A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-12 Dingrong Bai Fuel cell with in-cell humidification
US7314680B2 (en) * 2004-09-24 2008-01-01 Hyteon Inc Integrated fuel cell power module
FR2876499B1 (en) * 2004-10-11 2006-12-15 Renault Sas ARRANGEMENT FOR FLUID SUPPLY AND / OR FLOW SUPPLY PIPES FOR A FUEL CELL
US7479333B2 (en) * 2004-12-13 2009-01-20 Hyteon, Inc. Fuel cell stack with multiple groups of cells and flow passes
US20060188763A1 (en) * 2005-02-22 2006-08-24 Dingrong Bai Fuel cell system comprising modular design features
EP1968148A1 (en) * 2007-02-21 2008-09-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fuel cell assembly
JP2009043702A (en) * 2007-03-16 2009-02-26 Hitachi Maxell Ltd Fuel cell power generation system
EP2195871B1 (en) * 2007-08-20 2019-06-12 Myfc Ab Fuel cell assembly having feed-back sensor

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CA2427140A1 (en) 2003-04-28
CN1471742A (en) 2004-01-28
KR20030044064A (en) 2003-06-02
AU2002220512A1 (en) 2002-05-15
WO2002037594A2 (en) 2002-05-10
WO2002037594A3 (en) 2002-12-05
US20030198839A1 (en) 2003-10-23
JP2004513488A (en) 2004-04-30
DE10054050A1 (en) 2002-05-16

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