EP1324643A1 - Ballast électronique avec protection en température - Google Patents

Ballast électronique avec protection en température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1324643A1
EP1324643A1 EP02025345A EP02025345A EP1324643A1 EP 1324643 A1 EP1324643 A1 EP 1324643A1 EP 02025345 A EP02025345 A EP 02025345A EP 02025345 A EP02025345 A EP 02025345A EP 1324643 A1 EP1324643 A1 EP 1324643A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
frequency
circuit
stop
electronic ballast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02025345A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1324643B1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Zudrell-Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1324643A1 publication Critical patent/EP1324643A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1324643B1 publication Critical patent/EP1324643B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/285—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2851—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2856—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against internal abnormal circuit conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/285—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2851—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2855—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power-controlled electronic ballast for operating at least one gas discharge lamp.
  • Fluorescent tubes have a negative characteristic if one shows their voltage as a function of the current. This means that at a certain temperature T1, with increasing lamp current I LA, the lamp voltage U LA drops, as is the case, for example, with the characteristic curve U LA, T1 shown in FIG. 2. If the dependency between current and voltage at a certain power is entered in the same diagram, the hyperbola P also shown in FIG. 2 results, since the power is the product of current and voltage. If the lamp is now at a certain power regulated, an operating point is set on the characteristic curve of the lamp, which corresponds to the intersection between the characteristic curve and the power hyperbola. In the example shown in FIG.
  • the operating point which corresponds to the lamp current I T1 results, for example, at the temperature T1.
  • the lamps are usually designed in such a way that the operating point is optimal at a certain temperature. This means that an optimal light yield is guaranteed if the lamp is operated at a certain temperature, which is typically in the range between 30 ° and 40 ° C.
  • increasing the temperature results in a new characteristic curve for the lamp and thus a new operating point.
  • the new characteristic curve U LA, T2 results, for example, at the higher temperature T2 and a new operating point is set which corresponds to the increased lamp current I T2 .
  • This new operating point is achieved within the scope of the power control described at the beginning by reducing the operating frequency for the inverter.
  • the frequency range, within which the lamp current can be regulated is limited. Practically a stop frequency is set which must not be undercut. Will the If the stop frequency is reached, the ballast acts as one from this point in time Constant current source and no longer like a constant power source. This has to As a result, the maximum current corresponding to the stop frequency is not exceeded can be destroyed and consequently damage or damage to some or all Components of the ballast is prevented.
  • stop frequency is also problematic because of this several factors need to be considered.
  • the operating frequency at normal temperature can fluctuate around the ideal value of, for example, 45 kHz due to the fact that the various elements of the electronic ballast are subject to tolerances. If all devices are to be operated at normal temperature at a certain output, each ballast will have a slightly different operating frequency, as is shown, for example, in FIG. 3. Curve I shown in FIG. 3 shows that the actual operating frequency of all ballasts is distributed around the optimal frequency f run of 45 kHz and is approximately between 43 and 47 kHz. In the same way, the stop frequency f stop is distributed around an ideal value, as shown by curve II. The reason for this again lies in certain tolerances of the components responsible for determining the stop frequency.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of an electronic Ballast to specify, on the one hand an early and reliable use of the current limit is made possible and on the other side it is ensured that the stop frequency in the initial state in each Case is below the operating frequency.
  • the task is performed by an electronic ballast, which has the characteristics of the Has claim 1 solved.
  • This is characterized in that the Stop frequency is temperature-dependent and - starting from a basic stop frequency increases with increasing temperature. In this way, there is a possibility to choose correspondingly low base stop frequency, which is far enough below the Operating frequency is, so that a proper lamp start in any case is guaranteed. Starting from the base stop frequency, the stop frequency then increases with increasing temperature, so that at higher temperatures a Current limitation that prevents damage to the ballast. On Adjustment of the ballast after its manufacture is therefore no longer necessary which is why the invention in particular in the case of non-dimmable ballasts Reduction of manufacturing costs contributes.
  • control or regulating circuit is the current one current temperature determined - for example by measuring a temperature-dependent reference voltage - and then based on this Temperature information determines a stop frequency, which increases according to the invention Temperature rises.
  • a particularly advantageous development of the ballast according to the invention consists of digitally controlling or regulating the inverter train. This is achieved in that within the control or regulation circuit an analog / digital converter is provided, which is the one of the control or Control circuit recorded operating parameters in a 2 bit or more Implements digital value. Based on this digital value, a digital Computing block calculates an operating frequency for operating the inverter and with the help of a driver circuit in corresponding control signals for the switching elements of the inverter implemented. This solution enables extensive integration the control elements of the ballast. At the same time, by implementing the analog measured operating parameters in digital values with a high accuracy great stability in the regulation of lamp power. This digital Embodiment can, for example, also on the control loop for the smoothing circuit be expanded.
  • the basic stop frequency for the ballast can be set to the control or Control circuit connectable reference resistance are specified, its size via an analog / digital converter provided in the control or regulating circuit is determined after connecting an internal power source that is connected to this Reference resistance falling voltage in a likewise from at least 2 bit existing digital value.
  • the control loops for the inverter and the intermediate circuit voltage digitally formed in the manner described above so a further reduction in the components can be achieved in that Control or regulating circuit for implementing the recorded operating parameters and the only a single voltage drop across the reference resistor Analog / digital converter is provided, which works in time-division multiplex.
  • the electronic ballast shown in FIG. 1 is connected on the input side to the mains supply voltage U 0 via a high-frequency filter 1.
  • a rectifier circuit 2 in the form of a full-bridge rectifier, which converts the mains supply voltage U 0 into a rectified input voltage for the smoothing circuit 3.
  • the smoothing circuit 3 is used for harmonic filtering and smoothing the rectified input voltage and comprises a smoothing capacitor C1 and a step-up converter having an inductor L1, a controllable switch in the form of a MOS field-effect transistor S1 and a diode D1.
  • the step-up converter shown here other known smoothing circuits can also be used.
  • a corresponding switching of the MOS field-effect transistor S1 generates an intermediate circuit voltage U z which is present across the storage capacitor C2 connected to the smoothing circuit 3 and is supplied to the inverter 4.
  • This inverter 4 consists of two MOS field effect transistors S2 and S3 arranged in a half-bridge arrangement. An alternating high-frequency activation of the two field effect transistors S2, S3 generates an AC voltage at the center of the half-bridge, which is fed to the load circuit 5 with the gas discharge lamp LA connected to it.
  • the gas discharge lamp LA is in particular a fluorescent tube.
  • the three MOS field-effect transistors S1-S3 of the smoothing circuit 3 and the inverter 4 are driven by a control or regulating circuit 6, which generates corresponding control information and transmits it to a driver circuit 7, which converts this control information into corresponding control signals for the gates of the three MOS Field effect transistors S1-S3 implemented.
  • the control information is determined on the basis of operating parameters which are taken from the smoothing circuit and the inverter 4 or the load circuit 5.
  • the intermediate circuit voltage U z dropping across the storage capacitor C2 is determined, on the other hand, the voltage dropping across this resistor R1 or the mean half-bridge current and thus ultimately that of the lamp is determined via a shunt resistor R1 arranged at the base of the half-bridge of the inverter 4 LA power determined.
  • the intermediate circuit voltage U z is converted by a first analog / digital converter ADC1 into a digital value, which is fed to a first digital arithmetic block 8.
  • This arithmetic block 8 uses the actual value of the intermediate circuit voltage U z obtained from the analog / digital converter ADC1 to calculate a suitable switching frequency for the MOS field-effect transistor S1 of the step-up converter. This frequency is transmitted to the driver circuit 7, which drives the gate of the transistor S1 accordingly. In this way, the intermediate circuit voltage U z is kept constant at a certain value.
  • the voltage drop across the shunt resistor R1 at the base of the half-bridge is converted by a second analog / digital converter ADC2 and fed to a comparison block 9.
  • This - also digitally working - comparison block 9 compares the current actual value of the lamp power with a predetermined reference value P ref and uses the comparison result to determine whether the frequency of the inverter 4 has to be increased or reduced in order to operate the lamp LA with the desired power.
  • This information is transmitted via a logic block 10, which will be described in more detail later, to an output block 11, which outputs corresponding control information to the driver circuit 7, which in turn controls the two MOS field effect transistors S2 and S3 of the inverter 4. In this way, the operating frequency of the inverter 4 is set such that the lamp LA is operated at the desired power.
  • the frequency of the inverter 4 should not fall below a certain minimum value in order to avoid excessive currents in the ballast and the lamp LA.
  • This stop frequency is determined by an external reference resistor R2, which is connected to the control or regulating circuit 6.
  • the level of the resistance R2 is a measure of the stop frequency f stop . It is determined in that the connection of the resistor R2 is connected to an internal current source I s provided in the control or regulating circuit 6 via a switch S4. The voltage then falling across the resistor R2 is converted by a third analog / digital converter ADC3.
  • the logic block 10 was inserted into the digital control circuit for the lamp power, on the one hand the result supplied by the comparison block 9 and on the other hand the value determined by the third analog / digital converter ADC3, which is a measure of is the stop frequency.
  • the logic block 9 now determines whether the operating frequency f run determined by the comparison block 9 is above or below the stop frequency f stop . If the operating frequency f run is above the stop frequency f stop , it is transmitted unchanged to the output block 11, which controls the inverter 4 with the aid of the driver circuit 7. In this case, the stop frequency f stop does not influence the control process for the lamp power.
  • the stop frequency f stop specifies the maximum current at which the lamp LA is operated.
  • the control loop now changes to a state in which the ballast is a constant current source for the lamp LA, thereby avoiding the occurrence of excessive currents and damage to the ballast.
  • the reference resistor R2 is designed in such a way that the stop frequency f stop that it specifies is sufficiently below the operating frequency f run necessary for the desired lamp power at normal operating temperatures. This ensures that a regular lamp start can be carried out in any case and that the current limitation does not start at the start of operation.
  • the stop frequency f stop should only be raised when the temperature of the lamp LA or the ballast rises in order to enable the current limitation to be set in good time.
  • the central clock generator 12 provided in the control or regulating circuit 6 is designed to be temperature-dependent.
  • This clock generator 12 transmits a clock signal to all components of the control or regulating circuit 6 in order to enable the various units to operate synchronously.
  • this clock signal is also transmitted to the output block 11 of the control circuit for the lamp power, which also uses this clock signal to convert the frequency value obtained from the logic block 10, which is in digital form, into corresponding high-frequency control signals for the driver circuit 7.
  • f Base f basis, 0 - TK x (TT 0 )
  • the temperature dependency of the clock generator 12 therefore has the consequence that the actual stop frequency used increases with increasing temperature.
  • the solution shown here is characterized in that the increase in Stop frequency is achieved in a particularly simple and elegant way.
  • the Temperature-dependent behavior of the clock generator 12 can be done without great effort can be achieved.
  • the clock generator 12 is designed, for example, to be temperature stable, so that it supplies a base frequency that is independent of the temperature.
  • a further analog / digital converter ADC4 is now provided, which measures a deliberately temperature-dependent internal reference voltage V ref and supplies the temperature information obtained in this way to logic block 10. This determines a suitable stop frequency on the basis of this temperature information and takes this into account in the manner described above when transmitting the operating frequency determined by the comparison block 9 to the output block 11.
  • the stop frequency determined by the logic block 10 on the basis of the temperature information increases with increasing temperature.
  • Control or regulating circuit 6 advantageously enables extensive Integration of the entire circuit. This can further increase integration be that only a single analog / digital converter is used to Converting the various input signals works in time-division multiplex.
  • the or the Analog / digital converters preferably form digital values with an accuracy of 12 bits, so that a very precise regulation of the intermediate circuit voltage and the Lamp power is obtained.
  • the solution according to the invention thus ensures reliable operation of the electronic ballast, which ensures that the desired Current limitation to avoid damage occurs in good time. Furthermore the manufacturing costs for the ballast are reduced because of the realization a reliably functioning current limitation, no additional adjustment at the Manufacturing is necessary.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
EP02025345A 2001-12-27 2002-11-13 Ballast électronique avec protection en température Expired - Lifetime EP1324643B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10164242.3A DE10164242B4 (de) 2001-12-27 2001-12-27 Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät mit Strombegrenzung bei Leistungsreglung
DE10164242 2001-12-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1324643A1 true EP1324643A1 (fr) 2003-07-02
EP1324643B1 EP1324643B1 (fr) 2006-03-29

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EP02025345A Expired - Lifetime EP1324643B1 (fr) 2001-12-27 2002-11-13 Ballast électronique avec protection en température

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EP (1) EP1324643B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE322144T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10164242B4 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012167292A1 (fr) * 2011-06-08 2012-12-13 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé de fonctionnement d'un ballast électronique pour un luminaire, ainsi que ballast électronique

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004051387B4 (de) * 2004-10-21 2019-11-07 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Betriebsgerät für Leuchtmittel, aufweisend einen adaptiven A/D-Wandler

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0391383A1 (fr) * 1989-04-04 1990-10-10 Zumtobel Aktiengesellschaft Ballast pour lampe à décharge
DE3943350A1 (de) * 1989-12-29 1991-07-04 Zumtobel Ag Verfahren und vorschaltgeraet zum dimmen von leuchtstoffroehren
DE19536142A1 (de) * 1995-09-20 1997-03-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Thermisch geschütztes, elektrische Bauelemente enthaltendes Steuergerät
DE10013041A1 (de) * 2000-03-17 2001-09-27 Trilux Lenze Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betrieb einer mit einer Leuchtstofflampe versehenen Leuchte

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4425890A1 (de) * 1994-07-11 1996-01-18 Priamos Licht Ind & Dienstleis Schaltungsanordnung für den Betrieb einer Entladungslampe
TW266383B (en) * 1994-07-19 1995-12-21 Siemens Ag Method of starting at least one fluorescent lamp by an electronic ballast and the electronic ballast used therefor
US6337544B1 (en) * 1999-12-14 2002-01-08 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Digital lamp signal processor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0391383A1 (fr) * 1989-04-04 1990-10-10 Zumtobel Aktiengesellschaft Ballast pour lampe à décharge
DE3943350A1 (de) * 1989-12-29 1991-07-04 Zumtobel Ag Verfahren und vorschaltgeraet zum dimmen von leuchtstoffroehren
DE19536142A1 (de) * 1995-09-20 1997-03-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Thermisch geschütztes, elektrische Bauelemente enthaltendes Steuergerät
DE10013041A1 (de) * 2000-03-17 2001-09-27 Trilux Lenze Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betrieb einer mit einer Leuchtstofflampe versehenen Leuchte

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012167292A1 (fr) * 2011-06-08 2012-12-13 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé de fonctionnement d'un ballast électronique pour un luminaire, ainsi que ballast électronique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10164242A1 (de) 2003-07-17
DE10164242B4 (de) 2014-07-03
ATE322144T1 (de) 2006-04-15
DE50206213D1 (de) 2006-05-18
EP1324643B1 (fr) 2006-03-29

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