EP1323919A2 - Fuel pump - Google Patents
Fuel pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1323919A2 EP1323919A2 EP02026932A EP02026932A EP1323919A2 EP 1323919 A2 EP1323919 A2 EP 1323919A2 EP 02026932 A EP02026932 A EP 02026932A EP 02026932 A EP02026932 A EP 02026932A EP 1323919 A2 EP1323919 A2 EP 1323919A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- plunger
- cylinder
- pressure chamber
- holding space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
- F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
- F02M63/0265—Pumps feeding common rails
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
- F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
- F02M59/366—Valves being actuated electrically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
- F02M59/442—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston means preventing fuel leakage around pump plunger, e.g. fluid barriers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
- F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/04—Draining
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
- F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/31—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements
- F02M2200/315—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements for damping fuel pressure fluctuations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
- F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
- F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general to fuel pressure pumps of internal combustion engines, and more particularly to the fuel pressure pumps of a type that allows a sealing member installed therein to exhibit an excellent performance against a fuel leakage.
- a mechanical type fuel pressure pump connected to a camshaft has been hitherto used widely.
- a pump driving cam is mounted on the camshaft to reciprocate a corresponding plunger that is slidably received in a cylinder to provide an end of the cylinder with a pressure chamber. That is, upon movement of the plunger in the cylinder in a direction to reduce the volume of the pressure chamber, a fuel in the pressure chamber is pressurized and led into injection valves of the engine.
- a sealing member for suppressing a fuel leakage and a fuel return passage for returning a surplus fuel back to a fuel pump. Furthermore, in order to suppress the seal member from being directly affected by a pressure fluctuation produced during exhaust stroke of the pump, there is usually employed a fuel by-pass system through which a fuel holding space formed near the seal member and the fuel return passage are connectable. That is, upon production of excessive pressure fluctuation, the fuel by-pass system becomes opened to relieve the pressure from the pressure chamber.
- Laid-open Japanese Patent Application (Tokkai) 2000-110685 shows a fuel pressure pump of a so-called return-less type that has no means corresponding to the above-mentioned fuel return passage.
- a fuel pressure pump of an internal combustion engine which exhibits an excellent fuel leakage suppression performance irrespective of employment of the return-less type.
- a fuel pressure pump for use with an internal combustion engine, the fuel pressure pump comprising a cylinder; a plunger slidably received in the cylinder to define at one end of the cylinder a pressure chamber, the pressure chamber pressing a fuel therein when the plunger moves in a direction to reduce a volume of the pressure chamber; a fuel supply passage through which the fuel is led to the pressure chamber; a seal member provided at a position other than a position where an inner surface of the cylinder and an outer surface of the plunger are slidably engaged, the seal member achieving a hermetical sealing between the inner surface of the cylinder and the outer surface of the plunger; a first fuel holding space defined by the inner surface of the cylinder, the outer surface of the plunger and the seal member; and a first connection passage that connects the first fuel holding space and the fuel supply passage.
- a fuel supply system 1 to which a fuel pressure pump 4A of a first embodiment of the invention is practically applied.
- fuel supply system 1 generally comprises a fuel tank 2, a low pressure fuel pump unit 3, a fuel pressure pump 4A, injectors 5 and an engine control unit 6.
- Low pressure fuel pump unit 3 and fuel pressure pump 4A are connected through a low pressure fuel passage 7, and fuel pressure pump 4A and injectors 5 are connected through a high pressure fuel passage 8.
- Low pressure fuel pump unit 3 is installed in fuel tank 2 and comprises a fuel feed pump 31, a fuel filter 32 and a low pressure regulator 33.
- Feed pump 31 functions to discharge fuel from fuel tank 2, and fuel filter 32 functions to filtrate fuel discharged from fuel tank 2.
- low pressure regulator 33 is arranged to bypass the line including feed pump 31 and fuel filter 32 and functions to regulate the fuel pressure to a fixed lower pressure.
- fuel pressure pump 4A comprises a pump proper 41, an electromagnetic valve 42 and a discharge check valve 43.
- pump proper 41 comprises a pump housing 44 mounted on a cylinder head or the like of an engine.
- Pump housing 44 is provided with a cylinder 441.
- a cylindrical plunger 45 there is slidably received a cylindrical plunger 45.
- a pressure chamber 442 between a closed upper end of cylinder 441 and a top surface 45a of cylindrical plunger 45.
- a tappet 46 is connected to a lower end of plunger 45.
- a return spring 47 is compressed between tappet 46 and pump housing 44 to constantly bias cylindrical plunger 45 downward in Fig. 2.
- a camshaft 9 which has a pump driving cam 9a that can abut against tappet 46.
- Pump housing 44 is formed with both a first fuel supply passage 443 that is connected to low pressure fuel passage 7 and a second fuel supply passage 444 that is connected to high pressure fuel passage 8.
- First fuel supply passage 443 is connected to pressure chamber 442 through a fuel inlet passage 445, while, second fuel supply passage 444 is connected to pressure chamber 442 through a fuel outlet passage 446.
- Fuel inlet passage 445 through which first fuel supply passage 443 and pressure chamber 442 are connected is selectively opened and closed by electromagnetic valve 42.
- This electromagnetic valve 42 comprises a valve head 421 that faces fuel inlet passage 445, a return spring 423 that biases valve head 421 in a direction to close fuel inlet passage 445 and a solenoid 422 that, when energized, pushes valve head 421 in a direction to open fuel inlet passage 445 against force of return spring 423.
- discharge check valve 43 that selectively opens and closes fuel outlet passage 446 that connects second fuel supply passage 444 and pressure chamber 442. That is, when the fuel pressure in pressure chamber 442 becomes higher than that appearing in high pressure fuel passage 8, discharge check valve 43 is forced to open fuel outlet passage 446.
- auxiliary cylindrical chamber 447 In a lower portion of pump housing 44, there is formed an auxiliary cylindrical chamber 447 that is merged and coaxial with a chamber of cylinder 441. As shown, this auxiliary cylindrical chamber 447 is larger in diameter than the chamber of cylinder 441.
- Seal member 48 comprises generally paired sealing lips 48a that are made of a rubber material and a supporting piece 48b that is fixed to the inner surface of auxiliary cylindrical chamber 447 to support the paired sealing lips 48a. As shown, tips of sealing lips 48a are elastically pressed against a cylindrical outer surface of cylindrical plunger 45 to achieve a hermetical sealing between the cylindrical inner surface of auxiliary cylindrical chamber 447 and the cylindrical outer surface of cylindrical plunger 45. With this sealing, pressurized fuel in pressure chamber 442 is suppressed from being leaked to the outside and at the same time, lubrication oil lubricating camshaft 9 is suppressed from being led into the chamber of cylinder 441.
- first fuel holding space 448 that is defined essentially by the cylindrical inner surface of cylinder 441, the cylindrical outer surface of plunger 45 and seal member 48. More specifically, first fuel holding space 448 is defined by an inner surface of auxiliary cylindrical chamber 447, an outer surface of cylindrical plunger 45 and seal member 48.
- a second fuel holding space 449 that is arranged to extend around cylindrical plunger 45, as shown.
- Figs. 3A, 3B and 3C show three examples of the second fuel holding space 449, respectively.
- the second space 449 is defined by an annular groove 441a that is formed in the cylindrical inner surface of cylinder 441.
- the second space 449 is defined by an annular groove 45a that is formed around cylindrical plunger 45
- the second space 449 is defined by both an annular groove 441a formed in the cylindrical inner surface of cylinder 441 and an annular groove 45a formed around cylindrical plunger 45.
- first connection passage 450 that connects first fuel holding space 448 and first fuel supply passage 443 and a second connection passage 451 that connects second fuel holding space 449 and first fuel supply passage 443.
- injectors 5 are connected to respective cylinders of the engine, and each injector 5 is controlled to assume an open position upon receiving a pulse signal that is applied thereto at a given injection timing. During open period, each injector 5 injects a pressure-controlled pressurized fuel into a combustion chamber of the corresponding cylinder. Remaining fuel that is not injected is returned to fuel tank 2 through a relief passage 10 and a relief valve 11.
- Engine control unit 6 carries out various operation controls for engine, such as fuel injection control and the like by processing various information signals fed thereto from various sensors such as a fuel pressure sensor 13 connected to high pressure fuel passage 8. That is, fuel feed pump 31, electromagnet valve 42 and injectors 5 are all controlled by instruction signals issued from engine control unit 6.
- fuel in fuel tank 2 is controlled to have a given lower pressure and led into low pressure fuel passage 7 by low pressure fuel pump unit 3.
- electromagnetic valve 42 In discharge stroke of pressure pump 4A wherein plunger 45 is moved upward (viz., in the direction of arrow Y) due to work of pump driving cam 9a, electromagnetic valve 42 is controlled to assume its close position. That is, solenoid of valve 42 is de-energized. It is to be noted that a fuel feeding rate of pressure pump 4A is controlled by controlling a valve open timing of electromagnetic valve 42.
- the pressure produced in pressure chamber 442 shows such a characteristic as shown in the graph of Fig. 4. That is, as is seen from this graph and Fig. 2, the fuel pressure in pressure chamber 442 is inevitably leaked to the first fuel holding space 448 of seal member 48 through a clearance that is defined between the cylindrical inner surface of cylinder 441 and the cylindrical outer surface of plunger 45 while being attenuated.
- reference P1 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in an inlet portion of first fuel supply passage 443 (see Fig. 2)
- P2 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in pressure chamber 442
- P3 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in a mutually contacting portion between cylinder 441 and plunger 45 at a position nearer to pressure chamber 442 than second fuel holding space 449
- P4 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in a mutually contacting portion between cylinder 441 and plunger 45 at a position nearer to camshaft 9 than second fuel holding space 449
- P5 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in first fuel holding space 448.
- first fuel holding space 448 and first fuel supply passage 443 are connected through first connection passage 450.
- the pressure (viz., pressure wave) appearing in pressure chamber 442 is inevitably exposed or led to first fuel supply passage 443, so that much higher pressure reduction effect (viz., P4 ⁇ P5) is carried out as compared with a case (viz., P4' ⁇ P5') wherein there is no means corresponding to first connection passage 450, that is, first fuel holding space 448 has a closed end.
- seal member 48 is suppressed or at least minimized from being affected by a pressure fluctuation produced in pressure chamber 422, and thus, durability of seal member 48 is increased.
- first fuel holding space 448 is constructed to have a sufficiently large volume, damping effect is much effectively made, which brings about a much effective pressure reduction effect.
- the diameter "D" of first fuel holding space 448 is greater than the outer diameter "Ds" of seal member 48.
- the mutually contacting portion between cylinder 441 and plunger 45 can have a sufficient length "L” and thus undesirable inclination of plunger 45 relative to cylinder 441 is suppressed and thus a so-called one-sided wearing therebetween is suppressed or at least minimized.
- the fuel in first fuel holding space 448 can smoothly circulate through the passage without gathering therein, and thus, seal member 48 is suppressed from being heated. That is, sealing lips 48a of seal member 48 are protected from a thermal deterioration.
- second connection passage 451 that connects second fuel holding space 449 and first fuel supply passage 443. Accordingly, the second connection passage 451 functions to expose the pressure wave to first fuel supply passage 443. Accordingly, much higher pressure reduction effect (P3 ⁇ P4) is carried out as compared with a case (P3 ⁇ P4') wherein there is no means corresponding to second connection passage 451.
- the seal member 48 is suppressed from being affected by the pressure fluctuation and thus, the seal member 48 can have a longer life.
- second fuel holding space 449 at the mutually contacting portion between cylinder 441 and plunger 45, in addition to first fuel holding space 448 that is defined by cylinder 441, plunger 45 and seal member 48.
- a plurality of second fuel holding spaces 449a, 449b and 449c may be provided in place of the single second fuel holding space 449.
- respective connection passages 451a, 451b and 451c are provided for connecting the spaces 449a, 449b and 449c with first fuel supply passage 443, as shown.
- the volume of the three second fuel holding spaces 449'a, 449'b and 449'c may gradually increase with increase of distance from pressure chamber 442.
- the depth "d" of annular grooves 441a formed in the cylindrical inner surface of cylinder 441 increases with increase of distance from pressure chamber 442.
- the width "w" of annular grooves 441a may increase with increase of distance from pressure chamber 442, or such grooves may be provided in the cylindrical outer surface of plunger 45.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates in general to fuel pressure pumps of internal combustion engines, and more particularly to the fuel pressure pumps of a type that allows a sealing member installed therein to exhibit an excellent performance against a fuel leakage.
- In fuel injection type internal combustion engines wherein fuel is directly injected into cylinders, it is necessary to increase the pressure of fuel to a sufficiently high level (viz., 5 to 15Mpa) before it is led to each injection valve (viz., fuel injector). For this purpose, a mechanical type fuel pressure pump connected to a camshaft has been hitherto used widely. In this fuel pressure pump, a pump driving cam is mounted on the camshaft to reciprocate a corresponding plunger that is slidably received in a cylinder to provide an end of the cylinder with a pressure chamber. That is, upon movement of the plunger in the cylinder in a direction to reduce the volume of the pressure chamber, a fuel in the pressure chamber is pressurized and led into injection valves of the engine. In the fuel pressure pumps of this type, there are employed a sealing member for suppressing a fuel leakage and a fuel return passage for returning a surplus fuel back to a fuel pump. Furthermore, in order to suppress the seal member from being directly affected by a pressure fluctuation produced during exhaust stroke of the pump, there is usually employed a fuel by-pass system through which a fuel holding space formed near the seal member and the fuel return passage are connectable. That is, upon production of excessive pressure fluctuation, the fuel by-pass system becomes opened to relieve the pressure from the pressure chamber.
- Laid-open Japanese Patent Application (Tokkai) 2000-110685 shows a fuel pressure pump of a so-called return-less type that has no means corresponding to the above-mentioned fuel return passage.
- However, it has been revealed that the fuel pressure pump of the application fails to exhibit a satisfied performance. That is, it often happens that a seal member used therein shows a non-negligible deterioration in a short period of time.
- It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a fuel pressure pump of an internal combustion engine, which is superior to the fuel pressure pump proposed by the above-mentioned application.
- That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a fuel pressure pump of an internal combustion engine, which exhibits an excellent fuel leakage suppression performance irrespective of employment of the return-less type.
- According to the present invention, there is provided a fuel pressure pump for use with an internal combustion engine, the fuel pressure pump comprising a cylinder; a plunger slidably received in the cylinder to define at one end of the cylinder a pressure chamber, the pressure chamber pressing a fuel therein when the plunger moves in a direction to reduce a volume of the pressure chamber; a fuel supply passage through which the fuel is led to the pressure chamber; a seal member provided at a position other than a position where an inner surface of the cylinder and an outer surface of the plunger are slidably engaged, the seal member achieving a hermetical sealing between the inner surface of the cylinder and the outer surface of the plunger; a first fuel holding space defined by the inner surface of the cylinder, the outer surface of the plunger and the seal member; and a first connection passage that connects the first fuel holding space and the fuel supply passage.
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- Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel supply system to which a fuel pressure pump of the present invention is practically applied;
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a fuel pressure pump of the present invention;
- Figs. 3A, 3B and 3C are sectional views showing three examples of a second fuel holding space possessed by the fuel pressure pump of the present invention;
- Fig. 4 is a graph showing a fuel pressure appearing at various portions in the fuel pressure pump of the present invention;
- Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing a first fuel holding space that is larger than that of Fig. 2;
- Fig. 6 is a view also similar to Fig. 2, but showing a plurality of second fuel holding spaces possessed by the fuel pressure pump of the invention; and
- Fig. 7 is a view also similar to Fig. 6, but showing that a volume of the second fuel holding spaces gradually increases with increase of distance from a pressure chamber.
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- In the following, a fuel pressure pump of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a
fuel supply system 1 to which afuel pressure pump 4A of a first embodiment of the invention is practically applied. - As shown,
fuel supply system 1 generally comprises afuel tank 2, a low pressurefuel pump unit 3, afuel pressure pump 4A,injectors 5 and an engine control unit 6. Low pressurefuel pump unit 3 andfuel pressure pump 4A are connected through a low pressure fuel passage 7, andfuel pressure pump 4A andinjectors 5 are connected through a highpressure fuel passage 8. - Low pressure
fuel pump unit 3 is installed infuel tank 2 and comprises afuel feed pump 31, afuel filter 32 and alow pressure regulator 33. - Feed
pump 31 functions to discharge fuel fromfuel tank 2, andfuel filter 32 functions to filtrate fuel discharged fromfuel tank 2. As shown,low pressure regulator 33 is arranged to bypass the line includingfeed pump 31 andfuel filter 32 and functions to regulate the fuel pressure to a fixed lower pressure. - As is seen from Figs. 1 and 2,
fuel pressure pump 4A comprises a pump proper 41, anelectromagnetic valve 42 and adischarge check valve 43. - As is seen from Fig. 2, pump proper 41 comprises a
pump housing 44 mounted on a cylinder head or the like of an engine.Pump housing 44 is provided with acylinder 441. - Within
cylinder 441, there is slidably received acylindrical plunger 45. Thus, there is defined apressure chamber 442 between a closed upper end ofcylinder 441 and atop surface 45a ofcylindrical plunger 45. Atappet 46 is connected to a lower end ofplunger 45. Areturn spring 47 is compressed betweentappet 46 andpump housing 44 to constantly biascylindrical plunger 45 downward in Fig. 2. Belowtappet 46, there is arranged acamshaft 9 which has a pump drivingcam 9a that can abut againsttappet 46. Thus, upon rotation ofcamshaft 9,plunger 45 is forced to make a reciprocating movement in directions (Y-Y') to pressurize fuel inpressure chamber 442. More specifically, pressurizing of fuel inpressure chamber 442 is achieved whenplunger 45 is lifted upward to reduce the volume ofpressure chamber 442. -
Pump housing 44 is formed with both a firstfuel supply passage 443 that is connected to low pressure fuel passage 7 and a secondfuel supply passage 444 that is connected to highpressure fuel passage 8. Firstfuel supply passage 443 is connected topressure chamber 442 through afuel inlet passage 445, while, secondfuel supply passage 444 is connected topressure chamber 442 through afuel outlet passage 446. -
Fuel inlet passage 445 through which firstfuel supply passage 443 andpressure chamber 442 are connected is selectively opened and closed byelectromagnetic valve 42. Thiselectromagnetic valve 42 comprises avalve head 421 that facesfuel inlet passage 445, areturn spring 423 thatbiases valve head 421 in a direction to closefuel inlet passage 445 and asolenoid 422 that, when energized, pushesvalve head 421 in a direction to openfuel inlet passage 445 against force ofreturn spring 423. - Within second
fuel supply passage 444, there is installeddischarge check valve 43 that selectively opens and closesfuel outlet passage 446 that connects secondfuel supply passage 444 andpressure chamber 442. That is, when the fuel pressure inpressure chamber 442 becomes higher than that appearing in highpressure fuel passage 8,discharge check valve 43 is forced to openfuel outlet passage 446. - In a lower portion of
pump housing 44, there is formed an auxiliarycylindrical chamber 447 that is merged and coaxial with a chamber ofcylinder 441. As shown, this auxiliarycylindrical chamber 447 is larger in diameter than the chamber ofcylinder 441. - Within auxiliary
cylindrical chamber 447, there is arranged aseal member 48.Seal member 48 comprises generally pairedsealing lips 48a that are made of a rubber material and a supportingpiece 48b that is fixed to the inner surface of auxiliarycylindrical chamber 447 to support the pairedsealing lips 48a. As shown, tips ofsealing lips 48a are elastically pressed against a cylindrical outer surface ofcylindrical plunger 45 to achieve a hermetical sealing between the cylindrical inner surface of auxiliarycylindrical chamber 447 and the cylindrical outer surface ofcylindrical plunger 45. With this sealing, pressurized fuel inpressure chamber 442 is suppressed from being leaked to the outside and at the same time, lubrication oil lubricatingcamshaft 9 is suppressed from being led into the chamber ofcylinder 441. - As is seen from Fig. 2, in
pump housing 44, there is formed a firstfuel holding space 448 that is defined essentially by the cylindrical inner surface ofcylinder 441, the cylindrical outer surface ofplunger 45 andseal member 48. More specifically, firstfuel holding space 448 is defined by an inner surface of auxiliarycylindrical chamber 447, an outer surface ofcylindrical plunger 45 andseal member 48. - Furthermore, at a mutually contacting area between the cylindrical inner surface of
cylinder 441 and the cylindrical outer surface ofplunger 45, there is defined a secondfuel holding space 449 that is arranged to extend aroundcylindrical plunger 45, as shown. - Figs. 3A, 3B and 3C show three examples of the second
fuel holding space 449, respectively. In the first example of Fig. 3A, thesecond space 449 is defined by anannular groove 441a that is formed in the cylindrical inner surface ofcylinder 441. In the second example of Fig. 3B, thesecond space 449 is defined by anannular groove 45a that is formed aroundcylindrical plunger 45, and in the example of Fig. 3C, thesecond space 449 is defined by both anannular groove 441a formed in the cylindrical inner surface ofcylinder 441 and anannular groove 45a formed aroundcylindrical plunger 45. - Referring back to Fig. 2, in
pump housing 44, there are further formed afirst connection passage 450 that connects firstfuel holding space 448 and firstfuel supply passage 443 and asecond connection passage 451 that connects secondfuel holding space 449 and firstfuel supply passage 443. - As is seen from Fig. 1,
injectors 5 are connected to respective cylinders of the engine, and eachinjector 5 is controlled to assume an open position upon receiving a pulse signal that is applied thereto at a given injection timing. During open period, eachinjector 5 injects a pressure-controlled pressurized fuel into a combustion chamber of the corresponding cylinder. Remaining fuel that is not injected is returned tofuel tank 2 through arelief passage 10 and arelief valve 11. - Engine control unit 6 carries out various operation controls for engine, such as fuel injection control and the like by processing various information signals fed thereto from various sensors such as a
fuel pressure sensor 13 connected to highpressure fuel passage 8. That is,fuel feed pump 31,electromagnet valve 42 andinjectors 5 are all controlled by instruction signals issued from engine control unit 6. - In the following, operation of
fuel pressure pump 4A will be described with the aid of Figs. 1 and 2. - As is seen from Fig. 1, fuel in
fuel tank 2 is controlled to have a given lower pressure and led into low pressure fuel passage 7 by low pressurefuel pump unit 3. - As is seen from Fig. 2, in an intake stroke of
pressure pump 4A whereincylindrical plunger 45 is moved down (viz., in the direction of arrow Y') due to escape ofpump driving cam 9a fromtappet 46,electromagnetic valve 42 is controlled to assume its open position so that the lower pressure fuel is led intopressure chamber 442 through firstfuel supply passage 443. Under this condition, the fuel pressure in high pressure fuel passage 8 (see Fig. 1) is kept higher than that led intopressure chamber 442, and thus dischargecheck valve 43 assumes a close position. - In discharge stroke of
pressure pump 4A whereinplunger 45 is moved upward (viz., in the direction of arrow Y) due to work ofpump driving cam 9a,electromagnetic valve 42 is controlled to assume its close position. That is, solenoid ofvalve 42 is de-energized. It is to be noted that a fuel feeding rate ofpressure pump 4A is controlled by controlling a valve open timing ofelectromagnetic valve 42. - After
electromagnetic valve 42 assumes its close position, fuel inpressure chamber 442 is pressurized due to upward movement ofplunger 45. Thus, when the pressure inpressure chamber 442 comes to a certain high value,discharge check valve 43 is forced to open and thus highly pressurized fuel is discharged towardinjectors 5 through highpressure fuel passage 8. - In this discharge stroke, the pressure produced in
pressure chamber 442 shows such a characteristic as shown in the graph of Fig. 4. That is, as is seen from this graph and Fig. 2, the fuel pressure inpressure chamber 442 is inevitably leaked to the firstfuel holding space 448 ofseal member 48 through a clearance that is defined between the cylindrical inner surface ofcylinder 441 and the cylindrical outer surface ofplunger 45 while being attenuated. - In the graph of Fig. 4, reference P1 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in an inlet portion of first fuel supply passage 443 (see Fig. 2), P2 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in
pressure chamber 442, P3 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in a mutually contacting portion betweencylinder 441 andplunger 45 at a position nearer to pressurechamber 442 than secondfuel holding space 449, P4 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in a mutually contacting portion betweencylinder 441 andplunger 45 at a position nearer tocamshaft 9 than secondfuel holding space 449, and P5 denotes the fuel pressure appearing in firstfuel holding space 448. - As has been mentioned hereinabove, first
fuel holding space 448 and firstfuel supply passage 443 are connected throughfirst connection passage 450. Thus, the pressure (viz., pressure wave) appearing inpressure chamber 442 is inevitably exposed or led to firstfuel supply passage 443, so that much higher pressure reduction effect (viz., P4 ⇒ P5) is carried out as compared with a case (viz., P4' ⇒ P5') wherein there is no means corresponding tofirst connection passage 450, that is, firstfuel holding space 448 has a closed end. - Thus,
seal member 48 is suppressed or at least minimized from being affected by a pressure fluctuation produced inpressure chamber 422, and thus, durability ofseal member 48 is increased. - If first
fuel holding space 448 is constructed to have a sufficiently large volume, damping effect is much effectively made, which brings about a much effective pressure reduction effect. - That is, as is shown in Fig. 5 that shows a second embodiment of the present invention, the diameter "D" of first
fuel holding space 448 is greater than the outer diameter "Ds" ofseal member 48. With this measure for increasing the volume of firstfuel holding space 448, the mutually contacting portion betweencylinder 441 andplunger 45 can have a sufficient length "L" and thus undesirable inclination ofplunger 45 relative tocylinder 441 is suppressed and thus a so-called one-sided wearing therebetween is suppressed or at least minimized. - Furthermore, in this case, the fuel in first
fuel holding space 448 can smoothly circulate through the passage without gathering therein, and thus,seal member 48 is suppressed from being heated. That is, sealinglips 48a ofseal member 48 are protected from a thermal deterioration. - Furthermore, in this case, there is provided, at the mutually contacting portion between
cylinder 441 andplunger 45,second connection passage 451 that connects secondfuel holding space 449 and firstfuel supply passage 443. Accordingly, thesecond connection passage 451 functions to expose the pressure wave to firstfuel supply passage 443. Accordingly, much higher pressure reduction effect (P3 ⇒ P4) is carried out as compared with a case (P3 ⇒ P4') wherein there is no means corresponding tosecond connection passage 451. - For the reasons as have been mentioned hereinabove, the
seal member 48 is suppressed from being affected by the pressure fluctuation and thus, theseal member 48 can have a longer life. - In the above-mentioned
fuel pressure pump 4A, there is provided secondfuel holding space 449 at the mutually contacting portion betweencylinder 441 andplunger 45, in addition to firstfuel holding space 448 that is defined bycylinder 441,plunger 45 andseal member 48. - However, if possible, as is seen from Fig. 6 which shows a
third embodiment 4C of the invention, a plurality of secondfuel holding spaces fuel holding space 449. In this case,respective connection passages spaces fuel supply passage 443, as shown. - Due to provision of such plurality of
fuel holding spaces pump housing 44 against fuel in thehousing 44 is increased and thus cooling effect of the engine onto which thehousing 44 is mounted is increased. Thus, durability ofseal member 48 is increased. - Furthermore, if possible, as is seen from Fig. 7 which shows a
fourth embodiment 4D of the invention, the volume of the three second fuel holding spaces 449'a, 449'b and 449'c may gradually increase with increase of distance frompressure chamber 442. In this disclosedembodiment 4D, the depth "d" ofannular grooves 441a formed in the cylindrical inner surface ofcylinder 441 increases with increase of distance frompressure chamber 442. However, if possible, the width "w" ofannular grooves 441a may increase with increase of distance frompressure chamber 442, or such grooves may be provided in the cylindrical outer surface ofplunger 45. - Although the invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments of the invention, the invention is not limited to such embodiments as described above. Various modifications and variations of such embodiments may be carried out by those skilled in the art, in light of the above description.
Claims (11)
- A fuel pressure pump (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) for use with an internal combustion engine, comprising:a cylinder (441);a plunger (45) slidably received in the cylinder to define at one end of the cylinder (441) a pressure chamber (442), the pressure chamber (442) pressing a fuel therein when the plunger (45) moves in a direction to reduce a volume of the pressure chamber (442);a fuel supply passage (443) through which the fuel is led to the pressure chamber (442);a seal member (48) provided at a position other than a position where an inner surface of the cylinder (441) and an outer surface of the plunger (45) are slidably engaged, the seal member achieving a hermetical sealing between the inner surface of the cylinder (441) and the outer surface of the plunger (45);a first fuel holding space (448) defined by the inner surface of the cylinder (441), the outer surface of the plunger (45) and the seal member (48); anda first connection passage (450) that connects the first fuel holding space (448) and the fuel supply passage (443).
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 1, further comprising:a second fuel holding space (449) defined at the position where the inner surface of the cylinder (441) and the outer surface of the plunger (45) are slidably engaged, the second fuel holding space (449) being larger in volume than a space defined between the inner surface of the cylinder (441) and the outer surface of the plunger (45); anda second connection passage (451) that connects the second fuel holding space (449) and the fuel supply passage (443).
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 2, in which the second fuel holding space (449) comprises a plurality of holding spaces (449a, 449b, 449c) that are arranged around at axially different portions of the plunger (45) respectively, each holding space (449a, 449b, 449c) being connected to the fuel supply passage (443) through a corresponding connection passage (451a, 451b, 451c).
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 3, in which a volume of the plurality of holding spaces (449a, 449b, 449c) increases with increase of distance from the pressure chamber (442).
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, in which the inner surface of the cylinder (441) is cylindrical in shape and the outer surface of the plunger is cylindrical in shape, so that the first and second holding spaces (448, 449) are annular in shape.
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 5, in which the seal member (48) is annular in shape, and the first fuel holding space (448) has an outer diameter (D) that is greater than an outer diameter (Ds) of the annular seal member (48).
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, in which the second fuel holding space (449) is defined by a groove (441a) that is formed in the inner surface of the cylinder (441).
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, in which the second fuel holding space (449) is defined by a groove (45a) that is formed in the outer surface of the plunger (45).
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, in which the second fuel holding space (449) is defined by:a groove (441a) that is formed in the inner surface of the cylinder (441); anda groove (45a) that is formed in the outer surface of the plunger (45).
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, further comprising:a fuel inlet passage (445) through which the fuel supply passage (443) and the pressure chamber (442) are directly connected;an electromagnetic valve (42) having a valve head (421), the valve head (421) being arranged to selectively close and open the fuel inlet passage (445); anda fuel outlet passage (446) through which the pressure chamber (442) is connected to fuel injectors (5) of the engine; anda check valve (43) arranged to selectively close and open the fuel outlet passage (446), the check valve (43) being biased in a direction to close the fuel outlet passage against a fuel pressure produced in the pressure chamber (442).
- A fuel pressure pump as claimed in Claim 10, further comprising:a tappet (46) connected to the plunger (45) to move therewith;a spring (47) incorporated with the plunger (45) to bias the plunger (45) in a direction to increase the volume of the pressure chamber (442); anda pump driving cam (9a) disposed on a camshaft (9) of the engine, the driving cam (9a) being able to push the tappet (46) in a direction to reduce the volume of the pressure chamber (442) when the camshaft (9) rotates.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001400183A JP3815324B2 (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2001-12-28 | Fuel pressurizing pump for internal combustion engines |
JP2001400183 | 2001-12-28 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1323919A2 true EP1323919A2 (en) | 2003-07-02 |
EP1323919A3 EP1323919A3 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
EP1323919B1 EP1323919B1 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
Family
ID=19189581
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20020026932 Expired - Lifetime EP1323919B1 (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2002-12-03 | Fuel pump |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1323919B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3815324B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60234240D1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1517039A1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-03-23 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Pump assembly |
WO2008057032A1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-15 | Scania Cv Ab (Publ) | Fuel pump device |
EP1881191A3 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2009-04-29 | Hitachi, Ltd. | High-pressure fuel pump |
WO2010101768A3 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-12-29 | Cummins Intellectual Properties, Inc. | High pressure fuel pump with parallel cooling fuel flow |
WO2011003789A1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-13 | Delphi Technologies Holding S.À.R.L. | A pump unit |
EP2363594A3 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2012-10-10 | Hitachi Ltd. | Fuel pump |
EP3001026A1 (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2016-03-30 | MAN Diesel & Turbo SE | Fuel pump |
CN106499558A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-03-15 | 北京亚新科天纬油泵油嘴股份有限公司 | A kind of plunger matching parts of anti-leak oil-stain-preventing and apply its injection pump |
IT201600106480A1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | HIGH PRESSURE PUMP FOR FUEL SUPPLY TO AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND PUMP CONTROL METHOD |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102007019909B4 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2019-07-11 | Man Energy Solutions Se | Fuel pump with leakage grooves |
JP4655122B2 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2011-03-23 | 株式会社デンソー | High-pressure pump fuel introduction method |
JP4736142B2 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社デンソー | High pressure pump |
JP5071525B2 (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2012-11-14 | 株式会社デンソー | High pressure pump |
DE102011007781A1 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-25 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Submerged pump for conveying fuel into engine, has inlet valve and discharge valve for connecting pumping chamber with inlet and outlet, respectively, where inlet valve is designed as digitally controllable valve or magnetic valve |
JP6098481B2 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2017-03-22 | 株式会社デンソー | High pressure pump |
DE102014014344A1 (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2016-03-31 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Fuel pump |
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JP2000110685A (en) | 1998-10-08 | 2000-04-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | High pressure fuel feeding device for internal combustion engine |
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DE19522306B4 (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 2004-08-26 | Denso Corp., Kariya | High-pressure fuel supply pump |
SE521709C2 (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 2003-12-02 | Scania Cv Ab | Fuel Pump |
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- 2001-12-28 JP JP2001400183A patent/JP3815324B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-12-03 EP EP20020026932 patent/EP1323919B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-03 DE DE60234240T patent/DE60234240D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US2372694A (en) | 1942-02-04 | 1945-04-03 | Reconstruction Finance Corp | High-pressure fluid pump |
JP2000110685A (en) | 1998-10-08 | 2000-04-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | High pressure fuel feeding device for internal combustion engine |
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1517039A1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-03-23 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Pump assembly |
US8382458B2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2013-02-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | High-pressure fuel pump |
EP1881191A3 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2009-04-29 | Hitachi, Ltd. | High-pressure fuel pump |
US8167577B2 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2012-05-01 | Scania Cv Ab (Publ) | Fuel pump device |
US20100047084A1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2010-02-25 | Vesa Hokkanen | Fuel pump device |
WO2008057032A1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-15 | Scania Cv Ab (Publ) | Fuel pump device |
WO2010101768A3 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-12-29 | Cummins Intellectual Properties, Inc. | High pressure fuel pump with parallel cooling fuel flow |
CN102341592A (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2012-02-01 | 康明斯知识产权有限公司 | High pressure fuel pump with parallel cooling fuel flow |
US8308450B2 (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2012-11-13 | Cummins Intellectual Properties, Inc. | High pressure fuel pump with parallel cooling fuel flow |
CN102341592B (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2013-10-02 | 康明斯知识产权有限公司 | High pressure fuel pump with parallel cooling fuel flow |
WO2011003789A1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-13 | Delphi Technologies Holding S.À.R.L. | A pump unit |
EP2287462A1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-02-23 | Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. | A pump unit |
EP2302194A1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-03-30 | Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. | A pump unit |
US10041457B2 (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2018-08-07 | Delphi Technologies Ip Limited | Pump unit |
EP2363594A3 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2012-10-10 | Hitachi Ltd. | Fuel pump |
CN105464869A (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2016-04-06 | 曼柴油机和涡轮机欧洲股份公司 | Fuel pump |
EP3001026A1 (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2016-03-30 | MAN Diesel & Turbo SE | Fuel pump |
CN105464869B (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2019-11-05 | 曼恩能源方案有限公司 | Fuel pump |
IT201600106480A1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | HIGH PRESSURE PUMP FOR FUEL SUPPLY TO AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND PUMP CONTROL METHOD |
WO2018073298A1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | High pressure pump for feeding fuel to an internal combustion engine and method for controlling the pump |
CN106499558A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-03-15 | 北京亚新科天纬油泵油嘴股份有限公司 | A kind of plunger matching parts of anti-leak oil-stain-preventing and apply its injection pump |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1323919A3 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
EP1323919B1 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
DE60234240D1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
JP3815324B2 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
JP2003201934A (en) | 2003-07-18 |
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