EP1319919A1 - Process for manufacturing a combustible cartridge case for ammunition - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing a combustible cartridge case for ammunition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1319919A1
EP1319919A1 EP02021410A EP02021410A EP1319919A1 EP 1319919 A1 EP1319919 A1 EP 1319919A1 EP 02021410 A EP02021410 A EP 02021410A EP 02021410 A EP02021410 A EP 02021410A EP 1319919 A1 EP1319919 A1 EP 1319919A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulp
felt
nitrocellulose
combustible
ammunition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02021410A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1319919B1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Haider
Alexander Dr. Huber
Annett Küchler
Hans-Georg Dr. Völkel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH
Original Assignee
Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH filed Critical Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH
Publication of EP1319919A1 publication Critical patent/EP1319919A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1319919B1 publication Critical patent/EP1319919B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/188—Manufacturing processes therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/02—Synthetic cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/06—Cellulose esters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
    • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
    • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
    • D21H17/31—Gums
    • D21H17/32—Guar or other polygalactomannan gum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/192—Cartridge cases characterised by the material of the casing wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a combustible sleeve for cartridges Ammunition with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the combustible sleeve by a felting process which comprises three essential steps: preparation of a nitrocellulose and pulp containing aqueous pulp (pulp), making a Raw felt by dewatering the fiber material on a screen mold and pressing the Raw felt for further dewatering, densification of the fiber material and the final Shaping.
  • Burnable sleeves produced by this known method have the disadvantage that, in the case of ammunition, they are made of projectiles of high weight Strength reasons must have a relatively thick wall thickness.
  • join known combustible sleeves which are exposed to high mechanical loads (as they occur, for example, in the drop test or in automatic charging systems), again and again damage, which prevent loading of the cartridges.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method with the simple Way combustible sleeves can be made, compared to known sleeves comparable dimensions have greater mechanical strength.
  • the invention is based essentially on the idea before producing the raw felt add to the aqueous pulp an additive which increases the strength of the nitrocellulose and pulp fibers existing fiber composite increases after pressing, so that Both the breaking force and elongation at break and the tear propagation resistance of the material increase.
  • the additives are preferably polymeric materials having a hydrophilic character and having a high content of OH, NH 2 and / or similar groups, with the capability of having chemical bonds and / or intermolecular interactions (eg hydrogen bonds) cellulose or nitrocellulose molecules.
  • additives have mainly cationic and anionic modified and native Starches, glucomanans and mannogalactans (e.g., cationic modified and amphoteric Guar) and carboxymethyl cellulose proved to be advantageous.
  • the combustible sleeves produced by the process according to the invention have the further advantage on that with labored cartridges less blasting oils from the propellant powder in the Sleeve migrate than in known comparable combustible sleeves.
  • the Tensile strength can be significantly increased.

Abstract

Preparation of a combustible casing for munitions in the form of cartridges comprises preparing an aqueous pulp of nitrocellulose and cellulose fibers; dewatering the pulp on a sieve mold to form a crude felt, then pressing this out. The new feature is that, before forming the felt, a hydrophilic polymer (I) is added to the pulp. <??>Preparation of a combustible casing for munitions in the form of cartridges comprises preparing an aqueous pulp of nitrocellulose and cellulose fibers; dewatering the pulp on a sieve mold to form a crude felt, then pressing this out. The new feature is that, before forming the felt, a hydrophilic polymer (I) is added to the pulp. (I) contains hydroxy, amino or other groups that can form chemical bonds and/or intermolecular interactions with nitrocellulose.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer verbrennbaren Hülse für patronierte Munition mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to a method for producing a combustible sleeve for cartridges Ammunition with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren wird die verbrennbare Hülse durch ein Verfilzungsverfahren hergestellt, welches drei wesentliche Arbeitsschritte umfaßt: Ansetzen einer Nitrocellulose- und Zellstoffasem enthaltenden wässrigen Pülpe (Faserbrei), Herstellen eines Rohfilzes durch Entwässern des Fasermaterials auf einer Siebform und Verpressen des Rohfilzes zur weiteren Entwässerung, Verdichtung des Fasermaterials sowie zur endgültigen Formgebung.In this known method, the combustible sleeve by a felting process which comprises three essential steps: preparation of a nitrocellulose and pulp containing aqueous pulp (pulp), making a Raw felt by dewatering the fiber material on a screen mold and pressing the Raw felt for further dewatering, densification of the fiber material and the final Shaping.

Nach diesem bekannten Verfahren hergestellte verbrennbare Hülsen weisen den Nachteil auf, daß sie im Falle von Munition mit Geschossen, die ein hohes Gewicht aufweisen, aus Festigkeitsgründen eine relativ dicke Wandstärke aufweisen müssen. Außerdem treten bei bekannten verbrennbaren Hülsen, die hohen mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt sind (wie sie beispielsweise im Falltest oder bei automatischen Ladungssystemen auftreten), immer wieder Schäden auf, die eine Ladbarkeit der Patronen verhindern.Burnable sleeves produced by this known method have the disadvantage that, in the case of ammunition, they are made of projectiles of high weight Strength reasons must have a relatively thick wall thickness. In addition, join known combustible sleeves, which are exposed to high mechanical loads (as they occur, for example, in the drop test or in automatic charging systems), again and again damage, which prevent loading of the cartridges.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem auf einfache Weise verbrennbare Hülsen hergestellt werden können, die gegenüber bekannten Hülsen vergleichbarer Abmessungen eine größere mechanische Festigkeit besitzen. The invention has for its object to provide a method with the simple Way combustible sleeves can be made, compared to known sleeves comparable dimensions have greater mechanical strength.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere, besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung offenbaren die Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further, Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht im wesentlichen auf dem Gedanken, vor dem Herstellen des Rohfilzes in die wässrige Pülpe ein Additiv zuzugeben, welches die Festigkeit des aus Nitrocellulose- und Zellstoffasern bestehenden Faserverbundes nach dem Pressen steigert, so daß sich sowohl die Bruchkraft und Bruchdehnung als auch der Weiterreißwiderstand des Materials erhöhen.The invention is based essentially on the idea before producing the raw felt add to the aqueous pulp an additive which increases the strength of the nitrocellulose and pulp fibers existing fiber composite increases after pressing, so that Both the breaking force and elongation at break and the tear propagation resistance of the material increase.

Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei den Additiven um polymere Materialien mit hydrophilem Charakter, welche einen hohen Gehalt an OH-, NH2- und/oder ähnlichen Gruppen, mit der Fähigkeit, chemische Bindungen und / oder intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen (z. B. Wasserstoffbrücken) mit den Cellulose- bzw. Nitrocellulose-Molekülen zu bilden, aufweisen.The additives are preferably polymeric materials having a hydrophilic character and having a high content of OH, NH 2 and / or similar groups, with the capability of having chemical bonds and / or intermolecular interactions (eg hydrogen bonds) cellulose or nitrocellulose molecules.

Als Additive haben sich vor allem kationische und anionische modifizierte und native Stärken, Glucomanane und Mannogalaktane (z.B. kationische modifiziertes und amphoteres Guar) sowie Carboximethylcellulose als vorteilhaft erwiesen.As additives have mainly cationic and anionic modified and native Starches, glucomanans and mannogalactans (e.g., cationic modified and amphoteric Guar) and carboxymethyl cellulose proved to be advantageous.

Zusätzlich zu der gewünschten Erhöhung der mechanischen Festigkeit weisen die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten verbrennbaren Hülsen den weiteren Vorteil auf, daß bei laborierten Patronen weniger Sprengöle aus dem Treibladungspulver in die Hülse migrieren als bei bekannten vergleichbaren verbrennbaren Hülsen.In addition to the desired increase in mechanical strength have the after The combustible sleeves produced by the process according to the invention have the further advantage on that with labored cartridges less blasting oils from the propellant powder in the Sleeve migrate than in known comparable combustible sleeves.

Nachfolgend werden mehrere praktische Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben:

  • 1. Zu einer wässrigen Pülpe, bestehend aus 51 % Nitrocellulose, 48,1 % Zellstoff und 0,9 % Akardit, wurde (bezogen auf die Trockenmasse der anderen Bestandteile der Pülpe ) 0,5 % kationische Stärke oder 0,2 % kationischer Guar oder 1,0 % Carboxmethylcellulose (CMC) zugegeben. Aus der Pülpe wurden dann blattförmige Proben hergestellt, die alle annähernd die gleiche Flächenmasse aufweisen. Zur Beurteilung der Festigkeit des Faserverbundes wurde die Bruchkraft, die Bruchdehnung, die Arbeitsaufnahme sowie die Weiterreißbarkeit bestimmt. Als Vergleich diente die Rezeptur ohne Additivzugabe. Wie die nachfolgende Tabelle zeigt, weisen die Proben mit den Additiven bei allen Prüfungen gegenüber den Proben ohne Zusätze deutlich bessere Werte auf. Flächenmasse [g/m2] Bruchkraft [N] Bruchdehnung [%] Arbeitsaufnahme [Nmm] Weiterreißarbeit [mNm/m] Rohdichte [Kg/dm3] Kein Add. 101 21,1 1,6 22,6 769 0,45 Kat. Stärke 101 32,3 2,4 50,3 1299 0,48 Kat. Guar 100 27,2 2,0 32,6 971 0,46 CMC 101 23,1 1,9 28,4 883 0,44
  • 2. Das Additiv kationische Stärke wurde zu 0,5 % einer Pülpe zugesetzt, aus der verbrennbare Hülsen im Verfilzungsverfahren gefertigt wurden. Der Vergleich der Hülsen mit und ohne Stärkezusatz brachte folgende Ergebnisse bei den standardmäßig durchgeführten Qualitätstests. Zugfestigkeit [cN/dtex] Stauchtest [% Stauchung] Kein Additiv 22,64 1,70 0,5 % kationische Stärke 29,86 1,63
    • Hereinafter, several practical embodiments will be described:
  • 1. To an aqueous pulp consisting of 51% nitrocellulose, 48.1% pulp and 0.9% acardite, 0.5% cationic starch or 0.2% cationic guar (based on the dry matter of the other ingredients of the pulp) or 1.0% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). From the pulp then leaf-shaped samples were prepared, all of which have approximately the same basis weight. To assess the strength of the fiber composite, the breaking strength, the elongation at break, the work absorption and the tearability were determined. As a comparison, the recipe was used without additive addition. As shown in the table below, the samples containing the additives show significantly better values in all tests compared to the samples without additives. Basis weight [g / m 2 ] Breaking force [N] Elongation at break [%] Start of work [Nmm] Tear propagation [mNm / m] Bulk density [kg / dm 3 ] No add. 101 21.1 1.6 22.6 769 0.45 Cat. Strength 101 32.3 2.4 50.3 1299 0.48 Cat. Guar 100 27.2 2.0 32.6 971 0.46 CMC 101 23.1 1.9 28.4 883 0.44
  • 2. The cationic starch additive was added to 0.5% of a pulp from which combustible cores were felt-fed. The comparison of the tubes with and without added starch brought the following results in the standard quality tests. Tensile strength [cN / dtex] Tension test [% compression] No additive 22.64 1.70 0.5% cationic starch 29.86 1.63

    • Bei annähernd gleichbleibenden Stauchwerten (Elastizität des Materials) konnte die Zugfestigkeit signifikant erhöht werden.At approximately constant compression values (elasticity of the material), the Tensile strength can be significantly increased.

    Claims (3)

    Verfahren zur Herstellung einer verbrennbaren Hülse für patronierte Munition, wobei eine Nitrocellulose- und Zellstoffasern enthaltende wässrige Pülpe hergestellt, aus der Pülpe durch Entwässern des Fasermaterials auf einer Siebform ein Rohfilz erzeugt und der Rohfilz dann verpreßt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor dem Herstellen des Rohfilzes in die wässrige Pülpe als Additiv eine polymere Substanz mit hydrophilem Charakter hinzugefügt wird, welche OH-, NH2- oder eine andere Molekülgruppe mit der Fähigkeit, chemische Bindungen und / oder intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen mit den Nitrocellulosemolekülen zu bilden, aufweist.A process for producing a combustible sleeve for cartridged ammunition, wherein an aqueous pulp containing nitrocellulose and pulp fibers is made, from which pulp a raw felt is produced by dewatering the fiber material on a screen and the green felt is pressed, characterized in that prior to forming the raw felt adding to the aqueous pulp as an additive a polymeric substance of hydrophilic character which has OH, NH 2 or another molecular group capable of forming chemical bonds and / or intermolecular interactions with the nitrocellulose molecules. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Additive: Stärken, Glucomanane, Mannogalaktane und/oder Carboximethylcellulose verwendet werden.Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the starches, glucomanans, mannogalactans and / or carboxymethylcellulose are used as additives. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Mannogalaktane kationisch modifiziertes und amphoteres Guar verwendet wird.Process according to claim 2, characterized in that cationically modified and amphoteric guar is used as the mannogalactan.
    EP02021410A 2001-12-15 2002-09-25 Process for manufacturing a combustible cartridge case for ammunition Expired - Fee Related EP1319919B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10161727A DE10161727A1 (en) 2001-12-15 2001-12-15 Process for the production of a combustible case for cartridge ammunition
    DE10161727 2001-12-15

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1319919A1 true EP1319919A1 (en) 2003-06-18
    EP1319919B1 EP1319919B1 (en) 2013-02-13

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    EP02021410A Expired - Fee Related EP1319919B1 (en) 2001-12-15 2002-09-25 Process for manufacturing a combustible cartridge case for ammunition

    Country Status (5)

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    US (1) US6910422B2 (en)
    EP (1) EP1319919B1 (en)
    DE (1) DE10161727A1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2405904T3 (en)
    IL (1) IL153410A0 (en)

    Families Citing this family (7)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US8007607B2 (en) 2008-09-19 2011-08-30 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Combustible structural composites and methods of forming combustible structural composites
    IN2012DN00973A (en) * 2009-08-04 2015-04-10 Nitrochemie Gmbh
    JP6411078B2 (en) * 2014-06-05 2018-10-24 日油技研工業株式会社 Burn-out material
    KR101670204B1 (en) * 2016-03-08 2016-10-27 주식회사 한화 Method of manufacturing combustible cartridge case
    KR101903237B1 (en) * 2016-08-25 2018-10-01 주식회사 한화 Method for hybrid shell of integral rocket assistance propellant of including combustible separator and hybrid shell of integral rocket assistance propellant of including combustible separator manufactured by the method
    RU2684785C1 (en) * 2018-03-29 2019-04-15 Федеральное казенное предприятие "Государственный научно-исследовательский институт химических продуктов" (ФКП "ГосНИИХП") Material of rigid burning cartridge
    KR102055423B1 (en) 2019-05-02 2019-12-12 국방과학연구소 Method of manufacturing combustible cartridge case with high strength by using refining process

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    US2991168A (en) * 1957-11-18 1961-07-04 Isidore G Nadel Fibrous solid propellants in sheet form
    US3260203A (en) * 1965-02-18 1966-07-12 Atlantic Res Corp Cartridge cases from fibrous nitrocellulose and alkaline catalyzed phenolic resin
    DE1446889A1 (en) * 1965-02-24 1969-04-10 Nadel Isidore Goudran Process and plant for the production of articles from fiber
    DE1909701A1 (en) * 1968-03-14 1970-05-21 Prb Nv Flammable ammunition case
    WO1986005175A1 (en) * 1985-03-05 1986-09-12 Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh Process for the manufacture of combustible moulded ammunition components
    US4755259A (en) * 1981-11-27 1988-07-05 Eka Nobel Aktiebolag Process for papermaking
    DE4022991C1 (en) * 1990-07-19 1992-04-02 Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh, 8261 Aschau, De Combustible moulding having uniform consolidation - obtd. by introducing combustible moulding of e.g. nitrocellulose into acetone-contg. dipping bath and drying
    US5338407A (en) * 1991-12-23 1994-08-16 Hercules Incorporated Enhancement of paper dry strength by anionic and cationic guar combination

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    US3706280A (en) * 1970-12-29 1972-12-19 Us Army Novel combustible cartridge case and process therefor
    US3770563A (en) * 1971-01-26 1973-11-06 Us Army Water-resistant consumable cartridge case
    FR2444251A1 (en) * 1978-12-15 1980-07-11 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale COMBUSTIBLE OBJECTS, AND IN PARTICULAR COMBUSTIBLE SOCKETS, RESISTANT TO HEAT
    US6224099B1 (en) * 1997-07-22 2001-05-01 Cordant Technologies Inc. Supplemental-restraint-system gas generating device with water-soluble polymeric binder

    Patent Citations (8)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US2991168A (en) * 1957-11-18 1961-07-04 Isidore G Nadel Fibrous solid propellants in sheet form
    US3260203A (en) * 1965-02-18 1966-07-12 Atlantic Res Corp Cartridge cases from fibrous nitrocellulose and alkaline catalyzed phenolic resin
    DE1446889A1 (en) * 1965-02-24 1969-04-10 Nadel Isidore Goudran Process and plant for the production of articles from fiber
    DE1909701A1 (en) * 1968-03-14 1970-05-21 Prb Nv Flammable ammunition case
    US4755259A (en) * 1981-11-27 1988-07-05 Eka Nobel Aktiebolag Process for papermaking
    WO1986005175A1 (en) * 1985-03-05 1986-09-12 Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh Process for the manufacture of combustible moulded ammunition components
    DE4022991C1 (en) * 1990-07-19 1992-04-02 Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh, 8261 Aschau, De Combustible moulding having uniform consolidation - obtd. by introducing combustible moulding of e.g. nitrocellulose into acetone-contg. dipping bath and drying
    US5338407A (en) * 1991-12-23 1994-08-16 Hercules Incorporated Enhancement of paper dry strength by anionic and cationic guar combination

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    US6910422B2 (en) 2005-06-28
    EP1319919B1 (en) 2013-02-13
    IL153410A0 (en) 2003-07-06
    ES2405904T3 (en) 2013-06-04
    US20030145753A1 (en) 2003-08-07
    DE10161727A1 (en) 2003-06-18

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