EP1319757A2 - Installing guardrail barrier posts - Google Patents

Abstract

The system to mount the posts for roadside curb boards uses a vehicle to carry the posts with a mechanism to fit them in position. Initially the vehicle (1) is positioned approximately at the post site, and a post is secured vertically in a holder directly where the post is to be planted. The post is transferred to a mounting unit (2) which is positioned accurately at the site by a measurement system, where it is driven into the ground by a ram hammer (7) or the like. The position for the post is established by satellite navigation measurements and/or image recognition and/or conventional manual measurements.

Description

The invention relates to a method for inserting posts for guardrail systems in the ground where the posts of a motor vehicle and other handling means in one given position and in this position in the Soil.

The invention further relates to an arrangement for introduction of posts for guardrail systems in the ground from a motor vehicle, on and / or on which a device for automatic insertion of the posts, measuring equipment and / or Positioning means for determining the insertion position of the Post and at least one post are arranged.

According to the known prior art, the introduction of Posts for guardrail systems in the ground mostly manual using compressed air driven rammers, essentially consisting of ramming frame, ram guide and ramming hammer. The ramming device is on a truck transported from construction site to construction site. Already this Loading operations are time-consuming and extremely difficult. The vertical Alignment of the posts is mostly done manually. The assembly process is essentially as follows:

The material is unloaded from the truck by hand. A band on guardrails arranged next to one another is designed so that the Direction of the driving scaffold serves. The posts and others Small parts are laid out at appropriate intervals Piling device is inserted into the track of the plank belt and positioned. Then the inclination of the pile driver set. Each post is erected by hand and inserted into the driving frame. After ramming the post its exact position to the road surface becomes by hand measured and corrected if necessary. Then follows the assembly of the guard rails.

Not only ramming the posts but also unloading and assembling the guardrail is hard physical work connected. Post assembly is time consuming. Because the guardrail systems usually mounted when traffic is flowing there is a risk of accidents for both traffic as well as for the workforce, for example through possibly components protruding into the carriageway or due to carelessness of the Involved. The noise pollution, the number of workers to be deployed and the time-consuming rework caused by inaccurate Positioning the posts are necessary, more Disadvantages of the assembly process.

Another method is known from the publication EP 1 130 169 A1 for the production of a guardrail structure. After that, several posts are lifted simultaneously using one robot attached to a vehicle screwed into the ground. The posts are with appropriate thread anchors fitted. The subsequent assembly of the guardrails also happens automatically by means of a robot, whereby the guardrails for fastening to the posts with snap connections are equipped.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the post that is lying be transported on the vehicle, first with the help of the Robot must be erected. How the robot trained must be around four or more or fewer posts The ability to screw into the ground at the same time is the script not removable. With a usual distance between two posts of 1.33m, 2.00m or even 4.00m should be screwed in at the same time several posts may be problematic. Another one The problem is the usually very different soil conditions, at least screwing in at the same time should complicate.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for the introduction of posts for guardrail systems in the ground so on to develop that working time, effort and manpower as well damage to health and the risk of accidents are minimized.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an arrangement for Inserting posts for guardrail systems into the ground, with which a predominantly automatic assembly process can be realized.

The object of the invention is achieved on the procedural side by that first a rough positioning of the vehicle in Regarding the insertion point of the post, at least a post in a vertical position in a holding device is fixed in the immediate introduction area of the Post in the ground that the post of the holding device removed and taken over by a feeding device is that he determined in each case a measurement Target position is brought over the floor that the bringing of the post led into the ground and that the operations automatically and at least partially screen-monitored and / or be computer-controlled.

With this solution according to the invention it becomes possible physically difficult operations such as unloading and distributing to automate the post. There will be no workers needed to unload and lay out the plank tape take over, since these operations are omitted. Likewise, work steps to correct incorrect positioning of the Posts are reduced or eliminated entirely because the Determination of the exact position automatically and computer-controlled he follows.

According to a preferred embodiment, the invention provides that screen monitoring and / or computer control is coordinated on site by the driver.

This allows the intended assembly operations and the positioning operations can be monitored manually and if necessary intervene in the automatic process flow.

When inserting the post into the ground by entering one linear constants or by an intermittent force, preferably done by ramming and / or pushing it in Attachment of the posts essentially without consideration of the soil conditions possible. The ramming can both hydraulically as well as pneumatically or electrically.

To automate the positioning processes is according to the invention provided that the metrological determination of the target position by means of satellite measurement methods and / or image recognition methods and / or conventional surveying methods he follows.

This will help determine the insertion position of the post the distance of the post to the edge of the road, the distance of the insertion tool to the last post placed, the post height measured above the ground and the vertical alignment of the post and / or set.

The target position of each post is from that of the respective one Project documents visible space curve of the guardrails dependent. It is determined by the space curve of the rammed into the ground Post creates and must harmonize with the edge of the road assimilate. By combining different measuring and Positioning is achieved by everyone Post both in its X position, meaning the defined one The distance between two posts, in the Y position, is the Distance to the edge of the road and in the Z position, below that is the Understanding the height of the post above the ground, precisely aligned, is brought into the ground.

It is also advantageous if the positioning of the ramming device computer controlled because of the positioning of the Piling device the exact position of the post is dependent.

The object of the invention is further on the arrangement side solved in that the automatic insertion device the post consists of a ramming device on the guide elements to hold and guide one post at a time, Positioning elements, measuring and / or control means for Positioning of the post and / or the pile driver arranged are and that a holding device for vertical recording arranged and formed by at least one post is that the post automatically from the guide elements the pile driver can be taken over.

With this arrangement according to the invention an almost complete automatic assembly process guaranteed. Only that Rough positioning of the vehicle must be done manually become. The workers deployed lead to a large one Part of monitoring and driver function, which makes the physical severity of the activity is significantly reduced. The risk of accidents is also reduced because the workforce is far greater work less directly on the edge of the road.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention Arrangement, the vehicle has a computer arrangement for control and monitoring the insertion process of the posts in the Ground on.

The computer arrangement is arranged in the driver's cab of the vehicle, so that it can be operated by the driver of the vehicle and also those required to move to a new insertion position Vehicle position data provided directly can be.

According to further advantageous embodiments of the holding device for the posts, this is arranged in the immediate ramming area and releasably attached to the ramming device.

The ramming device has a horizontally displaceable, vertical adjustable and swiveling boom with which the actual piling unit is connected.

Due to the telescopic design of the boom, it is in its length variably adjustable, the length can be given be adjusted on site. For transportation purposes, the Boom retracted and swiveled in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

It is also advantageous that the pile driver both right and left side of the vehicle can, because the boom is rotatably arranged.

Furthermore, the holding device is a rotatable drum magazine educated. The guiding elements of the ramming device are arranged on the ramming unit and gripper-like, vertical movable and pivotable.

This means that a number of posts can be placed directly next to the pile driver be carried from collection point to collection point. One post is automatically used by the Gripped guide elements of the ramming device and the Ramming unit belonging to the ram and post guide. This sets the vertical position of the post.

It is also advantageous if at least one holding device for the posts on the vehicle and / or on a carried one Trailer is arranged and a transport device Transport of the holding device in the immediate insertion area takes over.

The transport device should also advantageously the vehicle or its trailer.

For example, such a number of posts on the vehicle or provided and carried to the trailer, that needed for a working day or at least several hours becomes. This reduces the downtimes of the arrangement due to missing posts.

The transport device, for example a crane or a similar handling device can take over the transport of full drum magazines for ramming and transport the empty drum magazines back from the ramming device on the vehicle or the trailer.

The drum magazine can be designed so that it on simple way in a cradle attached to the Piling unit is arranged, is rotatably mounted.

It is also possible to have a bar magazine parallel to the boom to arrange.

For automatically determining the exact position of the post and for position determination are on the vehicle or on the ramming device at least one CCD camera and / or at least one Laser measurement system and / or at least one laser pointer and / or at least one cable-displacement measuring system arranged by the Computer device controlled and / or their signals from the Computer equipment can be recorded and evaluated.

According to the invention, further positioning means such as Sensors, buttons and acoustic signal generators provided by controlled by the computer device or their signals from the computer be recorded and evaluated to the post position so to be able to measure and adjust exactly as possible.

The smaller the tolerance ranges between the post distances, the distances to the edge of the road and the height of the posts the floor, the more accurate and easier the assembly can be the guardrails are made, the more harmoniously it fits Guardrail system into the road structure and all the more aesthetic is his sight.

Fig. 1

eine prinzipielle Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung als Seitenansicht und in Transportstellung der Rammvorrichtung,

Fig. 2

die Anordnung nach Fig. 1 in Arbeitsstellung der Rammvorrichtung,

Fig. 3

die Anordnung nach Fig. 2 von hinten,

Fig. 4

ein gefülltes Trommelmagazin, angeordnet an der Rammeinheit in prinzipieller Darstellung und

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer der möglichen Mess-Ausführungen zur Ermittlung der genauen Position unter Verwendung von CCD-Kameras und Lasermessgeraten.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. The associated drawing shows in

Fig. 1

2 shows a basic illustration of the arrangement according to the invention as a side view and in the transport position of the ramming device,

Fig. 2

1 in the working position of the ramming device,

Fig. 3

2 from behind,

Fig. 4

a filled drum magazine, arranged on the ramming unit in a basic representation and

Fig. 5

is a schematic representation of one of the possible measurement versions for determining the exact position using CCD cameras and laser measuring devices.

According to Figures 1 to 3 there is the arrangement for introduction of posts for guardrail systems in the ground from a truck 1, on which the ramming device 2 and optionally a crane not shown in the drawing for the transport of Drum magazines 3 and at least one drum magazine 3. The Crane as well as those filled with posts 4 or emptied Drum magazines 3 can also be on one in the drawing not shown trailer can be arranged. Furthermore measuring devices are arranged on the truck 1 and on the ramming device 2, which are described in more detail below.

The ramming device 2 has a telescopically extendable Boom 5, which is rotatably arranged in the ramming device 2 is. For this, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one in the vehicle longitudinal direction movable slewing ring 6 is provided. Hereby can the boom 5 at right angles in the predetermined working position be pivoted to the vehicle axis, the working position can be both right and left hand of the vehicle. The boom 5 is used for transport to the construction site - as in FIG. 1 shown - pivoted in the transport position and in the vehicle longitudinal direction method.

The actual ramming unit, consisting of the ram hammer 7, the ram guide 8 and the post guide 9, arranged. 3 shows the basic structure. The additional arrangement of a support device can also be seen 10, which holds the boom 5 in a rigid position. The support device 10 is connected to the vehicle 1, so that they are carried along when moving to other work positions can be. It has solid rubber tires 11 which prevent that after the exact position of the boom 5 changes can occur due to the ramming process. It is horizontal and vertically adjustable.

The support device 10 can during or to the transport also pivoted onto the vehicle surface from the construction site become. This happens when the boom is swung in 5th

To position the ram guide 8, the ram hammer 7 and the post guide 9, which is also pivoted into the working position must be one that is not shown in the drawing Linear drive provided, which is attached to the boom 5 is. All other swiveling operations are carried out hydraulically.

4 shows a basic illustration of a possible embodiment the holding device for the posts 4. This consists from the drum magazine 3, which on the ramming unit 7, 8, 9 is rotatably attached. A magazine holder 12 is used for this purpose appropriately trained rotating device into which the drum magazine 3, by means of the crane from the truck 1 or its trailer is transported to the ramming unit 7, 8, 9 becomes. The drum magazine 3 consists of a simple rotating device, in which a predetermined number of posts 4 vertically are attached. The post guide 9 is gripper-like and horizontal designed to be pivotable and vertically movable. Their functions are also computer controlled and thus executed automatically. One post 4 each from the Post guide 9 when taken by the rotating device is solved.

The magazine 4 should already be in the manufacturer's magazine be carried out before loading the post 4 to to ensure optimal loading and manual operations to avoid at the site.

5 is one of the possible measurement methods for determining and Setting the exact position of each post 4 schematically shown. For this, CCD cameras 13 are used, which are attached to the truck and the rough positioning of the Serve vehicle 1 in relation to the post 4 to be driven. The exact positioning is also carried out using a 1D laser measuring device 14 that on a positioning slide 15 is attached to the vehicle frame of the truck 1. It serves the detection of the post edge of the last post placed 16 and the position of the ramming unit 7, 8, 9 to the last set Post 16. On boom 5 is another 1D laser system 17 or a cable-displacement measuring system attached, with which the driving depth of the post 4 can be determined.

For positioning the side post spacing for Roadway image recognition optics are used to determine the position the guideline of the roadway is detected. In the driver's cabin the vehicle 1 is one not shown in the drawing Computer arrangement by the driver of the vehicle 1 is monitored and operated. Here is done by means of suitable Software the acquisition and evaluation of the measurement data as well as the calculation the exact positioning data and the control of the Automatically running operations, that is, post positioning by controlling the corresponding positioning means on the ramming unit, the hydraulic cylinder 18, the adjusts the inclination of the boom 5, the post guide 9, the ram guide 8 and the support device 10.

The ramming of a post is essentially as follows carried out:

The vehicle 1 with the ramming device in the working position 2 is moved into a rough position by the driver Regarding the insertion point of the post 4. The position is visible on the computer layout screen. she is determined by means of image recognition by a CCD camera 13. By The vehicle driver can be reached by additional acoustic signals the determined position are signaled.

The boom 5 is then precisely positioned and the ramming unit 7, 8, 9, in the manner already described and way. The gripper-like post guide 9 is pivoted in such a way that at the moment of automatic release of a Post 4 from the drum magazine 3 the post guide 9 den Post 4 takes over and positioned him in the ram guide 8. Thus the vertical and exact position of the post 4 set. The hydraulic ramming process is triggered and so long until the determined post height above the ground is reached. The ramming hammer 7 is again in the starting position move and the post 4 released.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Lorry

2

rammer

3

drum magazine

4

post

5

boom

6

slewing ring

7

hammers

8th

ram guide

9

post guiding

10

support device

11

Solid rubber tires

12

magazine holder

13

CCD camera

14

1D laser measuring device

15

positioning slide

16

last post placed

17

1D laser measurement system

18

hydraulic cylinders

Claims (15)

Method for introducing posts for guardrail systems into the ground, in which the posts are conveyed into a predetermined position by a motor vehicle and other handling means and are introduced into the ground in this position, characterized in that initially a rough positioning of the vehicle (1) in relation on the insertion point of the post (4), at least one post (4), which is fixed in a vertical position in a holding device (3), is conveyed into the ground in the immediate insertion area of the post (4), so that the post ( 4) is removed from the holding device (3) and is taken over by an insertion device (2), that it is brought into a desired position determined above the ground in each case, that the post (4) is introduced into the ground and that the processes are carried out automatically and are at least partially screen-monitored and / or computer-controlled. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the screen monitoring and / or computer control is coordinated on site by the driver. A method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the introduction of the post (4) into the ground is carried out by entering a linear constant or intermittent force, in particular by ramming and / or pressing. Method according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the measurement of the target position is carried out by means of satellite measurement methods and / or image recognition methods and / or conventional measurement methods. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that to determine the insertion position of the post (4), the distance of the post (4) to the edge of the road, the distance of the insertion tool (2) to the last post (16), the post height above the ground and the perpendicular alignment of the post (4) can be measured and / or adjusted. Method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the positioning of the ramming device (2) is carried out in a controlled manner. Arrangement for inserting posts for guardrail systems into the ground, consisting of a motor vehicle, on and / or on which a device for automatically inserting the posts, measuring means and / or positioning means for determining the insertion position of the post and at least one post are arranged, characterized that the device for automatically inserting the posts (4) consists of a ramming device (2) on the guide elements (8, 9) for holding and guiding one post (4), positioning elements (16), measuring and / or control means (13, 14, 15) for positioning the post (4) and / or the ramming device (2) are arranged and that a holding device (3) for the vertical reception of at least one post (4) is arranged and designed such that the post (4) can be taken over automatically by the guide elements (8, 9) of the ramming device (2). Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the vehicle (1) has a computer arrangement for controlling and monitoring the insertion process of the posts (4) into the ground. Arrangement according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the holding device (3) for the posts (4) is arranged in the immediate ramming area. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the holding device (3) is releasably attached to the ramming device (2). Arrangement according to claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the ramming device (2) has a horizontally displaceable, vertically adjustable and pivotable boom (5), to which the actual ramming unit (7, 8, 9) is connected. Arrangement according to claim 7 to 11, characterized in that the holding device (3) is designed as a rotatable drum magazine (3), that the guide elements (8, 9) of the ramming unit (7, 8, 9) are connected to the ramming hammer (7) and are gripper-like, vertically movable and pivotable. Arrangement according to Claims 7 to 12, characterized in that at least one holding device (3) for the posts (4) is arranged on the vehicle (1) and / or on a trailer carried along and in that a transport device is used to transport the holding device (3) takes over the immediate feed area. Arrangement according to Claims 7 to 13, characterized in that at least one CCD camera (13) and / or at least one laser measuring system (14, 17) and / or at least one for determining the position of the post (4) on the vehicle (1) or on the ramming device a laser pointer and / or at least one cable travel measuring system are arranged, which are controlled by the computer device and / or whose signals are recorded and evaluated by the computer device. Arrangement according to claim 7 to 14, characterized in that further positioning means such as sensors, buttons and acoustic signal transmitters are arranged, which are controlled by the computer device or whose signals are detected and evaluated by the computer.

Images