EP1290326B1 - Moteur a combustion interne sans refroidissement exterieur - Google Patents
Moteur a combustion interne sans refroidissement exterieur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1290326B1 EP1290326B1 EP01945422A EP01945422A EP1290326B1 EP 1290326 B1 EP1290326 B1 EP 1290326B1 EP 01945422 A EP01945422 A EP 01945422A EP 01945422 A EP01945422 A EP 01945422A EP 1290326 B1 EP1290326 B1 EP 1290326B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- engine
- combustion
- internal combustion
- explosion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B41/00—Engines characterised by special means for improving conversion of heat or pressure energy into mechanical power
- F02B41/02—Engines with prolonged expansion
- F02B41/06—Engines with prolonged expansion in compound cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G3/00—Combustion-product positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G3/02—Combustion-product positive-displacement engine plants with reciprocating-piston engines
Definitions
- the present invention is in the technical field of internal combustion engines, including internal combustion engines cylinders and pistons, with fuel injection, which can equip vehicles, or also be used as fixed engines.
- the present invention aims to greatly reduce this loss of energy due to cooling, so as to improve sensitive energy efficiency of internal combustion engines.
- the subject of the invention is essentially a motor with internal combustion, which does not have a cooling system specific external environment, and which is provided with means for the introduction, in one or more mixing chambers associated with one or more engine cylinders, a quantity of additional compressed air, for cooling, such the engine receives a total amount of air greater than that required for combustion / explosion of the fuel, the additional air being added, in the mixing chamber, to the combustion gases leaving the chamber of combustion, as soon as the engine piston leaves its top dead center.
- the invention is based on the principle of non-cooling of the engine by a traditional outdoor cold source, but of a transfer of the enthalpy corresponding to an additional amount of air to that of combustion, the engine receiving a total amount of air greater than that required for combustion alone.
- the air supplement is mixed with the gases leaving the combustion chamber in the "chamber of mixed".
- the amount of air added in accordance with the invention is such that its increase of enthalpy at the end of mixing with the gases leaving the combustion chamber is equivalent to that rejected by cooling, in the case of internal combustion engines current equivalents, with external cooling system.
- Volume total of the "additional gas + air" mixture thus stores the combustion enthalpy of the fuel before driving relaxation.
- the fraction of air may be in the order of 40 to 70%, in relation to the quantity only necessary for fuel combustion / explosion, this last quantity being strictly unchanged from that of the current engines.
- the energy efficiency, obtained for the engine object of the invention can reach 37% or more.
- the enthalpy transmitted to the additional air is, in part, transformed into work during the driving relaxation with the gases of combustion, and is, for the remainder of this enthalpy received, released under thermal form within the combustion gases (in perfect balance with these gases) coming out of the engine, after motor relaxation. So there is no accumulation of heat in the engine object of the invention, and the overall thermal operation of this engine is very close to that of a conventional internal combustion engine.
- the combustion chamber is cooled after each exit of the gases, by the air of the following combustion. The engine alone thus maintains its own equilibrium temperature.
- the invention For the supply of combustion / explosion air, and the quantity of additional air, under pressure, the invention provides various opportunities.
- the motor has at least one air compression cylinder, with a piston connected to the same crankshaft as the pistons of the cylinders serving for the driving relaxation, or "engine cylinders", this first possibility being particularly suitable for engines mounted on vehicles.
- engine cylinders Preferably, one provides in this case two air compression cylinders, mounted in series (two-stage compression) for energy saving.
- crankshaft is common to both sets.
- Turbines of suitable construction, or compressors can also be used to provide combustion / explosion air and amount of additional compressed air, particularly in the case of fixed. If several engines according to the invention are used in position In a factory, for example, compressed air can be supplied to all of these engines from a group (turbine or compressor) common, sending air to all engines, which is naturally an economical solution.
- a buffer bottle is inserted between the means for supplying combustion / explosion compressed air and the additional air, as contemplated above, and the point (s) of introducing this compressed air into the chamber or chambers of combustion / explosion and the corresponding mixing chamber or chambers.
- the or each mixing chamber is delimited in the upper part by the cylinder head, laterally by the wall of the engine cylinder itself, and at the bottom by the piston head placed in the engine cylinder.
- the breech has, in plus combustion air inlet and outlet gas valves combustion, at least one inlet with valve for the air inlet addition to said mixing chamber, and it also includes minus a gas and air outlet valve relaxed to the atmosphere.
- the mixing chamber is not an additional mechanical device, but it forms itself, between the breech and the piston head in a exact position (depending on the amount of additional air), in progress from distance to the bottom dead center.
- This mixing chamber is supplied with additional air by a specific valve, connected to the source additional compressed air, which is especially the outlet of the bottle buffer, itself powered by a compressor.
- the valve provided for exhaust gas + air mixture relaxed, works by opening quickly to the bottom dead center of the piston.
- a fuel supply and possibly an ignition element, of like candle.
- the engine may use conventional fuels (gasoline or diesel), introduced substantially from same way as in conventional engines and in a similar cycle (four-stroke engine), with the advantageous feature of having long enough combustion / explosion time to obtain the the most complete combustion possible; this is an important benefit, from the point of view of the fight against pollution.
- conventional fuels gasoline or diesel
- four-stroke engine four-stroke engine
- the engine object of the invention having a capacity of cooling at least equal to that of internal combustion engines classic, it is best to make the breech in a metallic material with high modulus of elasticity, higher than that of alloys usually employees, and in particular of special steel, as a safety preventive.
- ventilation may "sweep" the outer surface of the breech; a small fan of very low power is provided for this purpose.
- an internal combustion engine comprises in its general principle a crankshaft 2 single, at least one cylinder 3 of driving relaxation with a engine piston 4 connected to the crankshaft 2, a steel cylinder head 5 capping the cylinder 3 of driving relaxation, and at least one additional cylinder 6 of air compression with an internal piston 7 connected to the same crankshaft 2.
- the additional cylinder 6 is provided for compressing a total amount of air, the air required for combustion / explosion and, in addition, a certain amount of additional air used to cool the engine.
- the cylinder 6 of air compression comprises a suction of ambient air 8, and a compressed air discharge 9 connected to the inlet of a buffer bottle 10 of compressed air.
- the output of the buffer bottle 10 is subdivided, and connected at an additional air intake point 11 and an air intake point 12 of located on the cylinder head 5 which, in the usual way, also includes fuel injection means.
- the cylinder head 5 comprises internally a combustion chamber / explosion 13, connected to the point input 12 of the combustion air via a valve 14 combustion air inlet. At the combustion chamber / explosion 13 is also associated a valve 15 for the exit of the combustion gases.
- the fuel injection point is located at 16, in the chamber of combustion / explosion 13. In the case of use of fuel requiring a spark ignition, the candle is located at 16 '(see FIGS. 3).
- the cylinder head 5 On the side of the combustion chamber / explosion 13, the cylinder head 5 has an additional air intake valve 17 mounted between the point of entry 11 of additional air and a volume called "chamber mixture 18, which is delimited as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3: upper part, by the cylinder head 5; laterally, through the inner wall of the engine cylinder 3; in the lower part, by the head of the piston 4 housed in the engine cylinder 3.
- the cylinder head 5 further comprises a gas outlet valve 19 and additional air, relaxed, outside.
- the engine still includes various members, such as tree (s) to cams needed to control the valves.
- the introduction of air additional tablet in the mixing chamber 18 is controlled by the valve 17, and the output of the mixture of combustion gases and air additional is controlled by the valve 19, while the injection of fuel, and the operation of the combustion chamber / explosion 13 are in principle not modified in relation to the engines the duration of combustion being, however, clearly higher).
- This combustion chamber / explosion 13 is supplied with air compressed, which enters through the valve 14, at a pressure and a defined rate according to the manufacturer, power and fuel. That chamber 13 communicates with the driving relaxation cylinder 3 by the valve 15; from the end of the combustion / explosion, the gases come out of the chamber 13 by the valve 15, and start their work in relaxation with additional air which these combustion / explosion gases mix instantly, from their exit by the valve 15.
- the additional air intake valve 17 is opened as soon as the Engine piston 4 leaves its top dead center. The introduction of additional air is continued until the recoil of the piston head 4 has "cleared", above her, a calculated volume which is that of the chamber 18. At this point, the amount of additional air required is reached inside the mixing chamber 18, and the valve 17 ends its closure. Thus, the gases from the chamber of combustion / explosion 13 will, from the beginning of their entry into the engine cylinder 3, on the piston head 4, mixed with the quantity of air additional tablet which has just been introduced into the same cylinder 3.
- the end of closing of the valve 17 is also the moment opening of the valve 15, allowing the entry of the combustion gases in the mixing chamber 18, where these gases mix with the additional air previously introduced.
- the enthalpy of the additional air is thus rendered available in the combustion gases, mixed with this air, and this mixing leads to an instantaneous lowering of the temperature; it is likewise the lowering of the pressure, which is the consequence direct. It is important to note that this lowering of temperature and pressure of the combustion gases, obtained during the very short mixing with the additional air to which the corresponding enthalpy is "surrendered" is the same as for the combustion gases of an internal combustion engine during cooling by an external cold source, such as circulating water.
- this gas-air mixture provides a work of maximum relaxation, the final pressure being practically zero, since corresponds to the pressure drop between the engine cylinder 3 and the output to the atmosphere (this pressure drop may be close to 0.3 bar), the makes it is the piston 4, leaving its bottom dead center, which will compress slightly the mixture "gas + air” to evacuate it outside via the valve 19.
- crankshaft 2 in one turn of the crankshaft 2, the four time of a classic engine. Since a motor cylinder 3 is actually engine on a half-turn of the crankshaft 2, it is clear that installing a second engine cylinder on the same crankshaft (with mounting the respective crank pins in phase opposition), the crankshaft becomes really driving on the totality of each turn.
- the spray of fuel is at injection point 16 located, like the candle, in the center of the combustion chamber / explosion 13, as shown in the drawing ( Figures 2 and 3).
- the fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber / explosion 13 in the same conditions as for a conventional engine of this type.
- the time of combustion / explosion being much longer that in current engines, allows a good diffusion of combustion in the combustion chamber / explosion 13, so obtaining a the most complete combustion possible, which is an important point against pollution.
- the burning time is indeed between mid-race from the raising of the piston 4 to its top dead center, and all start of his descent to the bottom dead center. Indeed, it is necessary that this combustion ends however before the piston 4 of the engine cylinder 3, during his run to the bottom dead center, cleared the volume required additional air, called "mixing chamber" 18.
- two compression cylinders 6 are preferably provided. of air, mounted in series for a two-stage compression, above which can take place the buffer bottle 10, and two engine cylinders 3, capped by the same cylinder head 5.
- the respective pistons 4 and 7 of the cylinders 3 and 6 are linked to the same crankshaft 2 by a conventional crankshaft, no represent. Since compressed air is introduced into the bottle buffer 10 before use, it is necessary that it be free of oil, so that for the pistons 7 of the cylinders 6 of air compression, one uses "dry" pistons (with non-lubricated segments).
- the buffer bottle 10 is insulated. In addition, so that the air supplied at the required pressure and temperature, even after a wide stop and whatever the season, the buffer bottle 10 has advantageously means of reheating, achievable under the form of a heating electric resistance, adapted for heating of this bottle. Moreover, for safety reasons, the outputs of the buffer bottle 10, to the combustion / explosion chambers 13 and mixture 18, are provided with non-return valves.
- Figure 6 illustrates the alternative possibility of applying the the present invention to a high-efficiency driving turbine 20, which by means of a gearbox 21 (or speed reducer-variator) causes a machine 22 such as vehicle, industrial equipment or other.
- Compressed air is here also supplied from at least one cylinder 6 of air compression, and via a buffer bottle 10 whose outlet is connected to an additional air inlet point 11 and to a point 12 of combustion air located on a cylinder head 5 (the elements corresponding to those previously described being designated by the same numerical markers).
- the fourth valve for expanded gas and air outlet is removed.
- the "mixing chamber” of gas and additional air is materialized differently.
- the valve 17 additional air inlet closes just as the valve opens 15 output of the gases from the combustion chamber 13, the outputs respective of these two valves 15 and 17 being joined to the neck of the venturi 23, downstream of which the gaseous flow starts work on the turbine 20, this point constituting the mixing chamber.
- the use of the internal combustion engine, object of the invention is equivalent to that of all combustion engines present invention, applying the same power range than the current engines.
- the invention can be implemented both for the motorisation of new vehicles or new installations, as transform existing engines.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
Description
- la détente motrice pour un demi-tour,
- le refoulement des gaz moteur détendus pour le demi-tour suivant
- l'aspiration d'air ambiant pour un demi-tour
- la compression de cet air pour le demi-tour suivant.
Claims (10)
- Moteur à combustion interne, notamment moteur à explosion à cylindres et pistons moteurs, avec injection de carburant, pouvant équiper un véhicule ou être utilisé comme moteur fixe, caractérisé en ce qu'il est dépourvu de système de refroidissement extérieur spécifique, et est pourvu de moyens (6 à 11, 17) pour l'introduction, dans une ou des chambres de mélange (18) associées à un ou des cylindres moteurs (3), d'une quantité d'air comprimé additionnelle, pour le refroidissement, telle que le moteur reçoit une quantité d'air totale supérieure à celle requise pour la combustion/explosion du carburant, le supplément d'air étant ajouté, dans la chambre de mélange (8), aux gaz de combustion sortant de la chambre de combustion (13), dès que le piston moteur (4) quitte son point mort haut.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la quantité d'air ajoutée est telle que son augmentation d'enthalpie en fin de mélange avec les gaz sortant de la chambre de combustion (13) soit équivalente à celle rejetée par refroidissement, dans le cas d'un moteur à combustion interne équivalent, avec système de refroidissement extérieur.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la fraction d'air d'additionnelle est de l'ordre de 40 à 70%, par rapport à la quantité seulement nécessaire à la combustion/erxplosion du carburant.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, plus particulièrement monté sur un véhicule, caractérisé en ce qu'il possède, pour la fourniture de l'air de combustion/explosion et de l'air additionnel, au moins deux cylindres (6) de compression d'air montés en serie, avec pistons (7) lié au même vilebrequin (2) que les pistons (4) des cylindres (3) servant à la détente motrice, ou cylindres moteurs.
à l'inverse des moteurs à combustion interne classiques, il est prévu ici, une séparation de la compression de l'air et de la détente motrice; le vilebrequin étant commun à ces deux ensembles;
la fraction d'air additionnelle peut être de l'ordre de 40 à 70%, par rapport à la quantité seulement nécessaire à la combustion/explosion du carburant, cette dernière quantité d'air étant strictement inchangée par rapport à celle des moteurs actuels;
la chambre de combustion (13) est alimentée en air comprimé à une pression et un taux définis, selon le constructeur, la puissance, et, le carburant. - Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux cylindres (6) de compression d'air, montés en série pour une compression bi-étagée, et deux cylindres moteurs (3), les pistons respectifs (7, 4) de ces cylindres (6, 3) étant liés au même vilebrequin (2).
- Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, plus particulièrement moteur fixe, caractérisé en ce qu'une turbine ou un compresseur est prévu pour fournir l'air comprimé de combustion/explosion et l'air comprimé additionnel.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une bouteille tampon (10) est insérée entre les moyens (6 à 9) de fourniture d'air comprimé de combustion/explosion et d'air additionnel, et le ou les points d'introduction (11, 12) de cet air comprimé dans la ou les chambres de combustion (13) et de mélange (18).
- Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que, pour un cylindre moteur (3), la chambre de mélange (18) est délimitée en partie supérieure par une culasse (5), latéralement par la paroi du cylindre moteur (3) lui-même, et en partie basse par la tête du piston (4) placé dans le cylindre moteur (3) considéré, la culasse (5) comportant, en plus des soupapes (12, 15) d'entrée d'air de combustion et de sortie des gaz de combustion dans la chambre de combustion/explosion (13), au moins une arrivée (11) avec soupape (17) pour l'entrée d'air additionnel dans ladite chambre de mélange (18), et au moins une soupape (19) de sortie des gaz et de l'air détendus à l'atmosphère.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la culasse (5) est réalisée en un matériau métallique à module d'élasticité élevé, en particulier en acier spécial.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une ventilation est prévue pour "balayer" la surface extérieure de la culasse (5), en cas de température élevée, notamment par utilisation d'un ventilateur de faible puissance.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0007742A FR2810373B1 (fr) | 2000-06-16 | 2000-06-16 | Moteur a combustion interne sans refroidissement exterieur |
FR0007742 | 2000-06-16 | ||
PCT/FR2001/001839 WO2001096727A1 (fr) | 2000-06-16 | 2001-06-13 | Moteur a combustion interne sans refroidissement exterieur |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1290326A1 EP1290326A1 (fr) | 2003-03-12 |
EP1290326B1 true EP1290326B1 (fr) | 2005-10-12 |
Family
ID=8851366
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01945422A Expired - Lifetime EP1290326B1 (fr) | 2000-06-16 | 2001-06-13 | Moteur a combustion interne sans refroidissement exterieur |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1290326B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE306611T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2001267647A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60113994T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2810373B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001096727A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2126313A1 (fr) | 2007-02-27 | 2009-12-02 | The Scuderi Group, LLC | Moteur à cycle divisé avec injection d'eau |
US7954463B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2011-06-07 | Scuderi Group, Llc | Split-cycle four-stroke engine |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7353786B2 (en) * | 2006-01-07 | 2008-04-08 | Scuderi Group, Llc | Split-cycle air hybrid engine |
RU2665766C2 (ru) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-09-04 | Юрий Владимирович Синельников | Однотактный двигатель внутреннего сгорания |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1519966A (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1978-08-02 | Townsend Engineering Co | Internal combustion engine and method for cooling the sam |
FR2416344A1 (fr) * | 1978-02-02 | 1979-08-31 | Kovacs Andre | Moteur a combustion interne a chambre de compression et de detente separees |
FR2731472B1 (fr) * | 1995-03-06 | 1997-08-14 | Guy Negre | Procede et dispositifs de depollution de moteur a combustion interne cyclique a chambre de combustion independante |
FR2749882B1 (fr) * | 1996-06-17 | 1998-11-20 | Guy Negre | Procede de moteur depolluant et installation sur autobus urbain et autres vehicules |
-
2000
- 2000-06-16 FR FR0007742A patent/FR2810373B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-06-13 EP EP01945422A patent/EP1290326B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-13 DE DE60113994T patent/DE60113994T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-13 AU AU2001267647A patent/AU2001267647A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-13 WO PCT/FR2001/001839 patent/WO2001096727A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2001-06-13 AT AT01945422T patent/ATE306611T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7954463B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2011-06-07 | Scuderi Group, Llc | Split-cycle four-stroke engine |
US8006656B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2011-08-30 | Scuderi Group, Llc | Split-cycle four-stroke engine |
EP2126313A1 (fr) | 2007-02-27 | 2009-12-02 | The Scuderi Group, LLC | Moteur à cycle divisé avec injection d'eau |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60113994T2 (de) | 2006-07-06 |
EP1290326A1 (fr) | 2003-03-12 |
DE60113994D1 (de) | 2006-02-23 |
FR2810373A1 (fr) | 2001-12-21 |
AU2001267647A1 (en) | 2001-12-24 |
ATE306611T1 (de) | 2005-10-15 |
WO2001096727A1 (fr) | 2001-12-20 |
FR2810373B1 (fr) | 2003-01-17 |
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