EP1223014A1 - Apparatus for manufactoring annular concrete bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for manufacturing annular bodies from concrete, e.g. shaft linings, pipes, etc., comprises an external mold, a core limiting the mold space, at least one vibrator, a base sleeve and an upper sleeve (30) forming the lower and upper central ends of the pipe body, and a pressure head with a coupling device having at least two clamping units (24) arranged on the periphery of the pressure head. The clamping units have motor-operated clamping jaws (65, 84) which grip onto the annular collar (31) of the upper sleeve. The outer diameter of the coupling device is smaller than the inner diameter of the mold. Each clamping unit has two clamping jaw supports (63, 75) moving relative to each other in a straight line and a pressure cylinder whose cylinder housing is connected via at least one connecting strut to the radially outer clamping jaw support (63) and whose piston (57) acts on the inner clamping jaw support (75). An Independent claim is also included for a mold sleeve forming the upper central end of a concrete annular body.

Description

The invention relates to a device for producing ring bodies made of concrete, such as shaft linings, pipes or the like, consisting of an outer collar lowerable molded jacket, a radially inwardly bounding the mold space Mold core, at least one vibrator to initiate vibrations in the poured Concrete, a floor socket that closes off the mold space for forming the lower centering end of the ring body, an upper socket for shaping the upper centering end, which has an upper ring collar, and a press head that can be rotated and raised and lowered by motor with attached coupling device, the at least two on the circumference of the Press head distributed clamping pliers, the motor-operated Grip the jaws on the ring collar of the form sleeve.

Such devices for the production of circular or oval Concrete pipes, manhole linings or similar moldings have due to the detachable connection between the press head and the upper socket practically significant advantage that the upper mold sleeve after the molding process can remain as a protective cap on the still plastic ring body and thereby the upper sensitive centering against damage during transport or protects in the drying station. For this purpose, for example, it is off DE-A 33 23 340 known, the upper sleeve forming a molded cover up to sufficient curing on the concrete molding and leave it during of the molding process by a positive ratchet coupling on the releasable Determine piston head. This coupling device requires precise positioning the upper socket against the press head, so that the positive coupling elements to be connected at all in operative connection can.

Furthermore, from US 3,696,182 a manufacturing plant for reinforced concrete pipes from preferably known oval cross-section, in which a special coupling device for attaching and detaching the upper form sleeve to one Sleeve holder is provided. This coupling device consists of a motor raised and lowered along the shell of a hollow cylindrical holding head Rods, at the lower ends of which a radial collar is formed. These collars engage in special pockets during a coupling process are formed in a peripheral wall of the mold sleeve. The axially effective Holding forces for the molded sleeve also result here from the positive engagement between the collar of the rod ends and the integrated pockets, so that too here there is no coupling action based only on clamping forces.

In another manufacturing device known from EP-A 0 675 787 for Hollow concrete body becomes a coupling device for frictional gripping a molded sleeve on an upper ring collar, which consists of a rigid ring body, a flexible pressure hose and a split clamping ring. To capture a pre-positioned socket the rigidly attached to the press head ring body over the ring collar the respective molded sleeve and by inflating the flexible ring hose the clamping ring is continuously pressed firmly against the outer wall of the ring collar. Then the sleeve can be moved by moving the press head placed on the upper end of the mold or the molding compound and with exercise an axial pressure back and forth around the form axis. To the When the clamp connection is loosened, the ring hose is emptied and the clamp ring spread by self-suspension. To the vertical demolding of the outer To enable the form jacket even when the coupling device is activated is the Outer diameter of the coupling device is smaller than the inner diameter of the shaped jacket, so that the latter can be pulled up without using the Coupling device to collide. A disadvantage of this known device include the insufficient adaptation of the coupling device to different Molded socket dimensions due to the small free space between the ring collar and the clamping ring with the hose deflated. Furthermore, this device technically complex, since they have a compressed air supply including the corresponding Taxes needed. After all, there are often disruptions to manufacturing operations, by penetration and settling of, in particular, granular concrete components in the annular gap of the coupling device and possibly caused thereby Damage to the flexible ring hose can be caused.

Finally, EP 0 351 325 B is a generic device for manufacturing of concrete moldings known as a coupling device on the circumference of the press head distributed clamping tongs. To be trouble-free Gripping and releasing an upper socket is to be ensured an upwardly facing ring collar is formed on the socket, on which one Closing process, grip the two jaws of the pliers on both sides. The clamping pliers have pliers arms that can be swiveled around the middle pin bearing. with the jaws and an expansion spring on the lower arm parts and a Hydraulic cylinders are arranged between the upper arm parts. This coupling device are also vertically on the motor-driven back and forth Pressing attached centering struts that precenter the Allow coupling sleeve in its gripping position. Such devices have are made in one piece from corrosion-resistant steel in conjunction with dimensionally stable Shaped sleeves have proven themselves in practice because they are robust and with technically simple means can be operated. However, here is the outside diameter the coupling device larger than the inside diameter of the Molded jacket so that the molded jacket is not pulled over the coupling device can be. Rather, it is necessary to loosen the clamping pliers and move the coupling device away before the outer mold shell is pulled becomes. To prevent undesired detachment of the upper mold sleeve Preventing entrainment effects are special hold-down devices for the molded sleeve necessary.

The object of the invention is a device for producing ring bodies to create from concrete, which minimizes breakdowns and manufacturing optimized operations, such as pulling the outer one Form jacket with activated coupling device, allows.

This object is achieved in that the as clamping pliers designated clamping units each have a pressure medium cylinder, the radial Cylinder housing movably arranged on the inside via at least one Tension strut firmly with the radially outer jaw or its jaw carrier is connected and its piston acting radially outwards on the radially inner one Jaw attacks.

The arrangement and design of the various components according to the invention results in a reliable and compact coupling device, its mode of operation cannot be influenced by the penetration of concrete components. The arrangement of the cylinder housing on the radial inside of the inner Jaw support and the mechanical coupling of the movable in the direction of action Cylinder housing with the radially outer jaw carrier causes only a relatively narrow part of the entire coupling device on the outside of the ring collar and that the outer diameter of the entire Coupling device smaller than the inner diameter of the outer shell is. This means that when the clutch device is activated and accordingly held down Molding sleeve of the outer mold jacket over the coupling device deducted upwards. The piston acts in a clamping process the cylinder unit in the radial direction on the inner jaw carrier, wherein at the same time by the hydraulic internal pressure the cylinder housing is moved radially inside. Due to the mechanical coupling with the radially outer one The jaw carrier is carried along by the cylinder housing, i.e. around same amounts moved radially inward. The rectified opposite Movements of the two jaw carriers ultimately result in the fixed contact their jaws on both sides of the ring collar. Because several Clamping units in an angularly offset distribution are provided according to one initial fine centering of the pre-positioned socket sleeve the fixed access the pairs of jaws and thus the frictional fixation of the socket on the press head in a precisely centered position.

To maintain the displaceability of at least one jaw carrier and the Cylinder housing, each clamping unit or clamping pliers advantageously has one attached to a base plate of the press head saddle, between the radial inner and outer legs at least one radially aligned guide rod is attached, on which the cylinder housing with the mechanically coupled outer Clamping jaw carrier and also the inner clamping jaw carrier are each slidable are stored.

For reasons of optimized operational safety, it is designed according to the invention Coupling device assigned a safety gear that an unintended Loosening of the molded sleeve from the clamping units prevented. To this For this purpose, catch hooks projecting downwards are provided on the clamping units, the when the jaws are actuated with appropriately trained engagement elements engage and thereby a fall of the mold sleeve prevent safely.

The invention also relates to a newly designed shaped sleeve for molding the upper centering end of a concrete molded body, which in one of the above described manufacturing devices is used. This from a shaping Sleeve part and an upper ring collar existing molded sleeve on upper end part of the ring collar at least one contact surface for at least one Clamping element or jaw of the coupling device and under this Attack surface on an engagement element for a catch hook, the ring collar arranged in the middle section of the sleeve part and either with the latter is made in one piece or welded to it.

Compared to known molded sleeves, the ring collar has a much larger one Height that is approximately equal to the height of the shaping sleeve part.

The centering of a single upper sleeve in the central axis of the device before or while accessing the collets is done conveniently with the help of Centering webs, which are provided at the top of the press head and whose Sloping surfaces with its lowering movement on the upper appropriately trained Slightly grip the end of the ring collar of the upper sleeve and move it to the central position slide.

Fig. 1

den oberen Teil einer Fertigungsvorrichtung für Betonrohre im Axialschnitt;

Fig. 2a, 2b

eine Klemmzange der Kupplungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 1 im Längsschnitt und in teilgeschnittener Seitenansicht;

Fig. 3a bis 3d

Einzelteile einer Klemmeinheit nach Fig. 1 in auseinandergezogener Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 4

schematisch eine Zentrierstrebe mit zentrierter Formmuffe.

Further advantages and special features of the device according to the invention can be found in the following description of an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

the upper part of a manufacturing device for concrete pipes in axial section;

2a, 2b

a clamp of the coupling device of Figure 1 in longitudinal section and in a partially sectioned side view.

3a to 3d

Individual parts of a clamping unit according to Figure 1 in an exploded sectional view.

Fig. 4

schematically a centering strut with a centered socket.

The manufacturing device partially shown in FIG. 1 contains an outer one liftable and lowerable mold jacket 32 and an inner hollow mold core 33, the one in the illustrated state, mold space 34 already filled with the concrete mass limit. This molding space 34 is below by a - not shown - bottom sleeve completed, the lower centering by their specific shape of the pipe to be manufactured. For handling a mold space 34 a press head 1 is provided, which via its central support pin 2 and its upper support plate 3 e.g. about hydraulic Clamping device releasably centered with a rotary and motorized lifting and lowering supporting structure is connected.

The upper stable support plate 3 is connected via a pipe section or longitudinal struts 10, 11 a lower support plate 12 e.g. firmly connected by screws 17 or welding. A base plate is underneath this ring-shaped support plate 12 13 provided, the screws 15 and several angularly offset rubber elastic Buffers 20, 21 for damping vertical vibrations on the support plate 12 is mounted. For additional damping of those effective in the circumferential direction Vibrations and vibrations are used around bolts 22, 23 arranged rubber-elastic Buffer sleeves 28, 29.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the coupling device 6 of two mounted diametrically opposite on the underside of the base plate 13 Clamping units or clamping pliers 24, 25 formed between which in a symmetrical Angular displacement two directly attached to the base plate 13 and after Centering struts 26 below are arranged. Each clamping unit 24, 25 has a catch hook 38, 39, which with a here formed as an annular groove 35 of the annular collar 31 of the socket 30 Element engaged. On the underside of the two clamping units 24, 25 and the centering struts 26 a lower protective plate 27 is attached.

In the following, the clamping unit 24 of the coupling device according to FIG. 1 2, 3 together with that shown schematically in Fig. 2a Shaped sleeve described in detail. The latter upper form sleeve 30 is an inherently rigid ring body and preferably consists of a corrosion-resistant Steel. A lower, profiled, ring-shaped molded sleeve part 30a is used for shaping the upper centering end of the concrete pipe 34, as shown in Fig. 1 is. Immediately on the top of a radially inner section before its transition into a first vertical section of the sleeve part 30a is an axially parallel ring collar 31 formed or e.g. by Weld rigidly attached, the one in its lower area 123 a constant Wall thickness has and in the section following up one radially outwards has open annular groove 35 which forms an engagement element for the catch hook. This is followed by an upper, relatively thin-walled end section 120, the both peripheral surfaces 121, 122 the contact surfaces for the jaws of the Form the clamping unit. The upper edge of the ring collar 21 is of inclined surfaces limited when using the form sleeve in its operating position Sloping surfaces of the centering webs 26 (cf. FIG. 4) come into sliding engagement.

The shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b in different sectional views Clamping unit 24 is by means of the upper end plate of its saddle 40 on the underside the base plate 13 e.g. fixed by bolts. The saddle 40 has one radially inner and radially outer legs 41, 42, on which two axially parallel and radially aligned guide rods 43, 44 are attached. In the top Cross plate of the saddle 40 sits a centering screw 45 in a bore. As in particular 3a is on the inside of the radially outer leg 41 a strut 100 fastened by means of screws 46, 47, the lower end of which during a molding process against the upper edge of the ring collar 31 of the molding sleeve 30 presses. On the other saddle leg 42 is a plate 48 for fixation the two guide rods 43, 44 screwed.

A cylinder housing 50 shown separately in FIG. 3b has in its upper one Part of two axially parallel bores 51 - only one shown in broken lines in FIG. 3b - In which two end guide bushings 52, 53 are seated. With these Bores 51 and the guide bushes 52, 53, the cylinder housing 50 the two guide rods 43, 44 slidably guided. In the lower part of the cylinder housing 50 is located via a fluid channel 54 with pressure medium supplied working chamber 56, which is delimited on the end side by a piston 57, which is guided displaceably in this working chamber via ring seals 58 and in its fully retracted position with its curved pressure surface 59 by one small amount over the left end wall of the cylinder housing in FIG. 3b protrudes. A rigid plate is on each side wall of the cylinder housing 50 60, 61 (see Fig. 2b), e.g. attached by means of bolts 62, which the in Fig. 3b has a shape shown in plan view. Between the left in Fig. 3b end portions of the both plates 60, 61 is a jaw support 63 e.g. fixed by screws 64, on which a radially outer jaw 65 with a segment of a circle Effective area 66 e.g. is fixed by screws 67. At the bottom of this radial outer jaw support 63 sits a catch hook 39. In the upper part of this The jaw support 63 is a guide sleeve 69 in a recess 68 and a guide tube 70 for holding two shown in detail in Fig. 3d Coaxial spreading springs 71, 72 arranged.

Between the radially outer jaw support 63 and the cylinder housing 50 is a radially inner jaw carrier 75 is arranged in its upper Part two axially parallel bores 78 lined with two sliding sleeves 76, 77 has, which are penetrated by the two guide rods 43, 44 in the sliding fit. Below the widened upper part is a 75 in this jaw carrier Recess for receiving and supporting the two coaxial spreading springs 71, 72 formed, in the center of a hollow pin 80 as an internal spring guide e.g. is fastened by means of a screw 81. In a depression at the bottom this jaw carrier 75 sits a radially inner jaw 82 which by Loosening connecting screws 83 can be replaced and their Active surface 84 corresponding to the shape of the shaped sleeve ring collar in the form of a segment of a circle runs. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3c, the right one is End wall of the jaw support 75 flat, so that assembled in the shown in Fig. 2a Position of the pistons 57 approximately in the area of the spring recess 79 presses against this end wall and thereby a displacement of this jaw carrier effected on the two guide rods 43, 44.

In Fig. 4 is one of the centering struts 26 in side view together with one in Axial section shown upper sleeve 30 shown. This centering strut 26 has one narrow triangular shape and is with its top on the base plate 13 e.g. by means of Bolt attached in the manner shown. The lower narrower end is e.g. attached to the protective screen 27 by countersunk screws. The radial inside the preferably plate-shaped centering strut 26 runs essentially vertical and its outside 90 at an acute angle to the vertical. In the lower area of this inclined outside 90 there is an angular one Cutout 91, the upper surface in the manner shown a support surface forms for the upper edge of the ring collar 31. The vertical side surface 92 of this section 91 forms a lateral contact surface 92 for the ring collar and thus the socket 30 in its centered position.

The device described above works in the following manner. To filling the molding space 34 with the concrete mass, a loose e.g. on a Tabletop fed into the access area of the coupling device 30 gripped by a lowering movement of the press head 5, whereby a smooth contact of the lower inclined surface of the centering struts, which are also lowered 26 an exact centering of the molded sleeve 30 takes place in the central axis and at the same time by the contact of the upper edge of the ring collar to the upper one Surfaces of the cutouts 91 of the centering struts also the relative height position the shaped sleeve or its ring collar 31 is fixed. This ensures that the two jaws 65, 84 still open are the two contact surfaces 121, 122 in the upper section of the ring collar 31 and also the catch hook 39 of the Ring groove 35 are exactly opposite. By introducing hydraulic hydraulic fluid Via the channel 55 in the working chamber 56 of the cylinder housing 50 generates a pressure on the one hand on the end face of the piston 57 and at the same time acts on the opposite wall of the cylinder housing 50. Thereby the radially inner jaw carrier 75 is pressed by the piston 57 to the left and by the corresponding reaction movement of the slidably mounted Cylinder housing 50 is the radially outer jaw carrier 63 through the the two connecting plates 60, 61 caused mechanical coupling to the right drawn. Due to the floating position and mobility of the two Clamping jaw carriers 63, 75 are attacked simultaneously by their clamping jaws 65, 82 on the engagement surfaces 121, 122 of the ring collar provided for this purpose. At the same time, the catch hooks 39 engage in the annular groove 35, so that at insufficient clamping effect the molded sleeve is secured against falling. There all existing clamping units 24, 25 are simultaneously pressurized are, there is also the clamping effect of the jaws 65, 84 of the various Clamping units simultaneously distributed over the circumference of the ring collar. That of the jaws 65, 84 on the upper portion of the ring collar 31 clamping forces exerted by appropriate dimensioning of the cylinder unit and the cylinder pressure sufficiently large to fit the form sleeve into the concrete mass press in and turn back and forth at the same time. Because of all the engaging elements containing ring collar 35 approximately in the central region of the sleeve part 30a, i.e. immediately before the transition from the horizontal upper web to the vertical portion of this sleeve part 30a is fixed, that of the press head applied pressure forces and torques optimally on the upper mold sleeve 30 transfer. This is due to the greater height of the ring collar 31 sufficiently large intermediate distance between the shaping lower sleeve part 30a and the coupling device so that escaping concrete masses do not get into the area of the mechanically moving parts of the coupling device can. This protection against penetrating concrete masses is further improved through the lower disc 27, the edge of which is approximately opposite the catch hook. Due to the mechanical coupling of the radially outer jaw support 63 with the cylinder housing 50 via the two side plates 60, 61 is achieved in that all components present radially outside the ring collar, i.e. the radially outer Clamping jaw supports including their jaws and catch hooks, narrow can be performed so that the outer mold shell 32 vertically upward can be pulled without using protruding components of the coupling device to collide, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1.

The invention is not based on the details and features of that described above Embodiment limited. For example, the Clamping units 24, 25 in the radial direction stepwise or by appropriate Guides can be infinitely adjustable mounted on the upper part of the press head, thereby adapting the coupling device to different sizes or diameter of the concrete pipes to be manufactured including their upper form sleeves is achieved.

Furthermore, the coupling device described above is not for use of the described and illustrated shaped sleeves, i.e. it differently shaped sleeves can also be used. same for also for the centering struts described above, for example as known centering fingers can be formed.

Claims (14)

Device for producing annular bodies made of concrete, such as shaft linings, pipes or the like, consisting of an outer form jacket (32) which can be raised and lowered, a mold core delimiting the mold space (34) radially inwards, at least one vibrator to introduce vibrations into the poured concrete, a bottom sleeve which closes the molding space (34) downwards for molding the lower centering end of the tubular body to be produced, an upper molding sleeve (30) for molding the upper centering end of the tubular body to be produced, which has an upper annular collar (31), and a press head (1) which can be rotated and raised and lowered by a motor, with a coupling device (6) which has at least two clamping units (24, 25) arranged distributed around the circumference of the press head, the motor-operated clamping jaws (65, 84) of which on the ring collar (31) attack the form sleeve (30), characterized in that the outer diameter of the coupling device (6) is smaller than the inner diameter of the shaped jacket (32), each clamping unit has two clamping jaw supports (63, 75) which can be displaced relative to one another in a straight line and a pressure medium cylinder whose cylinder housing (50) which can be displaced radially on the inside is fixedly connected to the radially outer clamping jaw support (63) via at least one connecting strut (60, 61) and after that piston (57) acting radially on the outside acts on the inner jaw support (75). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping units (24, 25) and possibly centering elements (26) are mounted on a supporting structure (5) by means of a dimensionally stable base plate (13) and vibration dampers (22, 23; 28, 29), which has a hydraulically clamped centered trunnion (2). Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one clamping jaw support (63, 75) and the cylinder housing (50) can be displaced on fixed guides (43, 44) in the effective direction of the clamping jaws (65, 82). Device according to claim 3, characterized in that each clamping unit (24, 25) has a saddle (37, 40) attached to the base plate (13) of the press head (1), at least between its radially inner and outer legs (41, 42) a guide rod (43, 44) is fastened, on which the cylinder housing (50) and the radially inner jaw carrier (75) are rotatably and displaceably mounted. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a catch hook (38, 39) is provided on at least one of the clamping units (24, 25) which, when the clamping jaws (65, 82) are actuated, fits into a ring collar (31). the shaped sleeve (30) provided holding element (35) engages. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the clamping units (24, 25) are fastened to the press head (1) in a radially adjustable manner. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the annular collar (31) of the molded sleeve (30) has an upper section (120) with two engagement surfaces (121, 122) for the frictional engagement of the clamping jaws (65, 82) and one has lower section (123), which begins immediately below the contact surfaces (121, 122) and in which an annular groove (35) is formed for receiving catch hooks (38, 39). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inner jaw support (75) is displaceably mounted on two axially parallel guide rods (43, 44) relative to the cylinder housing (50) also mounted on the two guide rods (43, 44). Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by centering elements (26) for the exact positioning of the molding sleeve (30). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one spreading spring (71, 72) is arranged in the effective range of the respective hydraulic cylinder between the two jaw supports (63, 75) of each clamping unit (24, 25). Shaped sleeve for shaping the upper centering end of a concrete ring body, consisting of a shaping sleeve part (30a) and an upper ring collar (31),
characterized in that at least one contact surface (121, 122) for a clamping means of a press head is provided on the upper end part of the ring collar (31), an engagement element (35) for catch hooks provided on the press head is arranged on the ring collar (31) below this engagement surface (121, 122) and the ring collar (31) is fastened in the central region of the sleeve part (30). Shaped sleeve according to claim 11, characterized in that the height of the ring collar (31) is approximately equal to the height of the sleeve part (30a). Shaped sleeve according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the ring collar (31) has an upper shaped edge for cooperation with centering elements and with at least one pressure member. Shaped sleeve according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the annular collar (31) under the engagement element (35) for catch hooks has a rectilinear section of a predetermined height with concentric walls.

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