EP1222653A1 - Transducteur acoustique sous-marin a large bande - Google Patents
Transducteur acoustique sous-marin a large bandeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1222653A1 EP1222653A1 EP00967997A EP00967997A EP1222653A1 EP 1222653 A1 EP1222653 A1 EP 1222653A1 EP 00967997 A EP00967997 A EP 00967997A EP 00967997 A EP00967997 A EP 00967997A EP 1222653 A1 EP1222653 A1 EP 1222653A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cover
- transducer
- cavity
- transducer according
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
- G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K13/00—Cones, diaphragms, or the like, for emitting or receiving sound in general
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/18—Details, e.g. bulbs, pumps, pistons, switches or casings
- G10K9/20—Sounding members
Definitions
- the present invention relates to wideband underwater acoustic transducers which are essentially used as transmitters of acoustic signals in the active sonars of surface vessels. However, these transducers can also be used as receivers, as well as in sonar for submarines.
- transmitter transducers are of the so-called "tonpilz" type. These transducers use a transmitting horn which is excited by a ceramic pillar which rests on a counter mass.
- These “tonpilz” transmitters make it possible to obtain a good level of emission and a significant rear rejection, making it possible to perform channel formations at low level of secondary.
- they can be used both for transmission and for reception.
- they have the disadvantage of having a relatively small bandwidth, typically corresponding to an overvoltage coefficient Q ⁇ 3.5.
- the transducer / housing junction is relatively fragile, which entails a risk of water entering at this level.
- the frequencies that can be transmitted are strictly related to the dimensions of the pavilion, we can only go down in frequency by increasing these dimensions, which quickly becomes prohibitive.
- the invention provides a wideband underwater acoustic transducer, comprising at least one piezoelectric blade operating in flexion, mainly characterized in that it further comprises a cylindrical cover closed at one end by a plate base and open at the other end to form a first cavity; the piezoelectric blade being fixed on the external face of the base plate and the first cavity of the cover being open freely towards the external environment in which the cover is immersed.
- the cross section of the cover is circular.
- the cross section of the cover is elliptical.
- the first cavity is filled at least partially with an adaptation material whose acoustic characteristics are different from those of the external environment in which the transducer is immersed.
- it further comprises a body comprising a second internal cavity closed by the cover so as to be isolated from the external medium with the piezoelectric blade enclosed in the second internal cavity and the first cavity being turned towards the outside.
- it comprises two cover / piezoelectric blade assemblies fixed head to tail assembly.
- the cover forms the front face of a transducer of known type "tonpilz".
- FIG. 3 a longitudinal sectional view of a variant of the invention, in which the transducer is double.
- the device according to the invention shown in longitudinal section in Figure 1 has a structure which is easily seen to be a complete break with the technology currently used, which is based on the structure "tonpilz" mentioned above.
- This device comprises as active element a ceramic plate 101, which is preferably unique and which conventionally comprises a pair of electrodes 102 and 103 each fixed on one of the main faces of this plate. Preferably, these electrodes consist of silvering by deposition. These electrodes are connected by wires 104 to an amplifier which delivers an excitation signal at the desired frequency. Given the structure of the device, it would be entirely possible to limit these supply wires to a single wire connected to the electrode 103 which is isolated. The other electrode, which is connected to the ground of the device, would then be supplied via this ground.
- the electrode 102 is fixed to the flat underside of a part 105 in the form of a cylinder closed at its base and open at its upper end. We will call this part "hood”.
- the vibrations of the ceramic plate 101 are transmitted to the cover, the structure of which vibrates according to two main resonance modes.
- the critical couplings of these two resonance modes then make it possible to obtain a large bandwidth, corresponding to approximately 60% of the central frequency.
- the first mode of resonance is the natural mode of bending of the underside of the cover under the action of the ceramic working in mode 3.1.
- the second mode comes from the action of the fluid filling the internal cavity 106 formed by the cover which is directly immersed in the external environment, sea water in general. In fact, in this cavity, the speed of the acoustic waves is lower than in the free space, because the walls of the cover are not infinitely rigid.
- the invention also proposes that the lower wall 107 of the cover has a central excess thickness such that the cross section of this strip corresponds to the shape of a beam of equal resistance.
- the stresses applied by the pressure of the external fluid on the ceramic blade 101 via the bottom 107 of the cover are uniformly distributed over this blade, which prevents it from bending under the action of this pressure. and therefore eliminates the risk of rupture of the ceramic blade under the effect of pressure.
- the transducer is completed by a body, or "tape", 107 which has the shape of a cylinder concentric with the cover 105 and which has at its upper part a cavity 108 in which comes '' press the cover down.
- This cover is fixed by its lateral external face to the body by welding, for example at the upper end of this body.
- This attachment 109 is thicker inside the cavity 108 so as to provide a free space 1 10 between the inner wall of the cavity 108 and the outer wall of the cover 105, to avoid disturbing the vibration regime.
- the power cables 104 exit from the body through an axial channel 111 which opens on one side into the cavity 108 and on the other side to the lower surface of the body.
- This axial channel is blocked by means not shown, a screw cap for example, which allow both to ensure the connection of the wires 104 and the hermetic closure of the cavity 108/11 1. In this way, this cavity remains filled with air without outside water entering it, which allows the ceramic blade 101 to vibrate and also would short-circuit the electrodes 101.
- FIG. 2 shows a curve of sensitivity to emission for such a transducer whose cover 105 has an outside diameter of 115 millimeters with a thickness of the side walls of 4 millimeters, and a total height of 46 millimeters with a central thickness of the underside of the cover equal to 14 millimeters.
- this curve the widening of the frequency band.
- this frequency band is shifted towards the low frequencies for a dimensioning which would correspond, for a conventional transducer of the "tonpilz" type, to a significantly higher emission frequency.
- the invention also proposes to produce the cover 105 in the form of a cylinder with elliptical cross section instead of circular. This then makes it possible to obtain two distinct resonances at the level of the cavity 106, in addition to the resonance of the ceramic blade 101. In this way the bandwidth is further increased.
- the cover 105 / ceramic blade 101 assembly can be used on its own, without adding the body 107 to it, but while ensuring the insulation of the electrodes 102 and 103 by an appropriate coating, a layer of waterproof paint by example.
- This transducer which is then type known without the Anglo-Saxon expression "free flooded”, can be used without any immersion limit but with a lower yield due to the action of water on the back side of the ceramic.
- the height of the cavity will advantageously be chosen to be equal to half the central wavelength of the transducer, in order to obtain a good adaptation by performing a reshaping between the waves emitted at the front and those which in this case are emitted at the rear.
- the invention also proposes, as a variant, filling the cavity of the cover 105, possibly over a height which is not equal to that of the cover, with an adaptation material whose acoustic characteristics, in particular the speed of propagation of sound, are different from those of water. This allows you to modify the response curve, for example to make it flatter or to widen it even more.
- FIG. 3 Another variant, represented in FIG. 3, consists in using two cover / ceramic assemblies, one 105/101 and the other 205/201, fixed head to tail on a cover 1 17 having the shape of an open cylinder. on both sides.
- the connection wires 1 14 to the two ceramic blades then exit through a connector 21 1 fixed to the side wall of the body 1 17.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a transducer having a radiation of the dipolar type, characterized by a significant rejection according to its longitudinal axis.
- an extension of the invention consists in arranging the transmission pavilion of a known transducer of the "tonpilz” type, so that it takes the form of the cover 105.
- a broad "tonpilz” transducer is thus obtained strip which, compared to the basic embodiment of FIG. 1, makes it possible to obtain a higher emission power due to the stacking of ceramic characteristic of a "tonpilz".
- this advantage comes at the cost of an increase in size and the return of the known problems of sealing the "tonpilz” system since it is then necessary to maintain the freedom of movement of the flag of the "tonpilz" relative to the body of it.
- the invention makes it possible, compared with the technology currently used, to simultaneously obtain a widening of the transmitted frequency band, a shift of this band towards low frequencies without modifying the size of the device, an improvement in sealing the front face, and reducing the cost of the device by reducing the number of parts used to manufacture it.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9913215A FR2800229B1 (fr) | 1999-10-22 | 1999-10-22 | Transducteur acoustique sous-marin a large bande |
| FR9913215 | 1999-10-22 | ||
| PCT/FR2000/002815 WO2001029820A1 (fr) | 1999-10-22 | 2000-10-10 | Transducteur acoustique sous-marin a large bande |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1222653A1 true EP1222653A1 (fr) | 2002-07-17 |
| EP1222653B1 EP1222653B1 (fr) | 2003-09-17 |
Family
ID=9551245
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00967997A Expired - Lifetime EP1222653B1 (fr) | 1999-10-22 | 2000-10-10 | Transducteur acoustique sous-marin a large bande |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6617765B1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1222653B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60005382T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2800229B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2001029820A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (47)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7320457B2 (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 2008-01-22 | Sri International | Electroactive polymer devices for controlling fluid flow |
| US7064472B2 (en) * | 1999-07-20 | 2006-06-20 | Sri International | Electroactive polymer devices for moving fluid |
| US7537197B2 (en) * | 1999-07-20 | 2009-05-26 | Sri International | Electroactive polymer devices for controlling fluid flow |
| US7467945B2 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2008-12-23 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Candle assembly and fuel element therefor |
| CN1744769B (zh) * | 2004-08-31 | 2010-05-05 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | 电动式水中音乐体感振动发射换能器 |
| US7218034B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2007-05-15 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with restricted contact area |
| US7425792B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2008-09-16 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with restricted contact area |
| US7218033B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2007-05-15 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with restricted contact area |
| US7126258B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-10-24 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with recessed head mass contact surface |
| US20060043840A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-02 | Impulse Devices Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with restricted contact area |
| US6958569B1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2005-10-25 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly for a spherical cavitation chamber |
| US20070035208A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2007-02-15 | Impulse Devices Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with restricted contact area |
| US7425791B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2008-09-16 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with recessed head mass contact surface |
| US7122941B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-10-17 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with recessed head mass contact surface |
| US20060043838A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-02 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with restricted contact area |
| US7126256B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-10-24 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with recessed head mass contact surface |
| US7224103B2 (en) | 2004-09-01 | 2007-05-29 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with recessed head mass contact surface |
| US20060043835A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-02 | Impulse Devices Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with restricted contact area |
| US7122943B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-10-17 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with restricted contact area |
| KR20080080258A (ko) * | 2005-05-31 | 2008-09-03 | 에모 라브스, 인크. | 기계-음향 변환기용 최적 압전체 설계 |
| US20070103034A1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-10 | Impulse Devices Inc. | Acoustic driver assembly with increased head mass displacement amplitude |
| US20070138911A1 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-21 | Impulse Devices Inc. | Tunable acoustic driver and cavitation chamber assembly |
| US7461965B2 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2008-12-09 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | Cavitation chamber with flexibly mounted reflector |
| US7510322B2 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-03-31 | Impulse Devices, Inc. | High pressure cavitation chamber with dual internal reflectors |
| JP4888492B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-27 | 2012-02-29 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 超音波トランスデューサ |
| US7952261B2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2011-05-31 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Electroactive polymer transducers for sensory feedback applications |
| US20100322455A1 (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2010-12-23 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Wireless loudspeaker |
| US8189851B2 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2012-05-29 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Optically clear diaphragm for an acoustic transducer and method for making same |
| EP2239793A1 (fr) | 2009-04-11 | 2010-10-13 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Montage de film polymère électrique commutable et son utilisation |
| DE102010027780A1 (de) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Ansteuern eines Ultraschallsensors und Ultraschallsensor |
| WO2012118916A2 (fr) | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-07 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Procédés de fabrication automatisés pour la production de dispositifs et de films polymères déformables |
| JP2014517331A (ja) | 2011-03-22 | 2014-07-17 | バイエル・インテレクチュアル・プロパティ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | 電場応答性高分子アクチュエータレンチキュラシステム |
| CN102568464B (zh) * | 2011-12-31 | 2013-08-21 | 北京长城电子装备有限责任公司 | 一种深水用水声换能器 |
| US9876160B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2018-01-23 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Roll-to-roll manufacturing processes for producing self-healing electroactive polymer devices |
| KR20150031285A (ko) | 2012-06-18 | 2015-03-23 | 바이엘 인텔렉쳐 프로퍼티 게엠베하 | 연신 공정을 위한 연신 프레임 |
| US9590193B2 (en) | 2012-10-24 | 2017-03-07 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Polymer diode |
| WO2014143927A2 (fr) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Transducteurs acoustiques |
| US9035537B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-05-19 | Rgw Innovations, Llc | Cost effective broadband transducer assembly and method of use |
| CN103646642B (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-03-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 多液腔低频宽带水声换能器 |
| FR3015785B1 (fr) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-12-25 | Thales Sa | Antenne omnidirectionnelle compacte pour sonar trempe |
| USD733678S1 (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-07 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Audio speaker |
| USD741835S1 (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2015-10-27 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Speaker |
| USD748072S1 (en) | 2014-03-14 | 2016-01-26 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Sound bar audio speaker |
| US10001574B2 (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2018-06-19 | Amphenol (Maryland), Inc. | Hermetically sealed hydrophones with very low acceleration sensitivity |
| GB2557345B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2021-10-13 | Bae Systems Plc | MIMO communication system and data link |
| US11079506B2 (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2021-08-03 | Pgs Geophysical As | Multicomponent streamer |
| US11678112B2 (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2023-06-13 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Underwater transducer for wide-band communication |
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| US2700738A (en) * | 1951-05-05 | 1955-01-25 | Ibm | Delay-line end cell |
| US3271596A (en) * | 1963-11-12 | 1966-09-06 | Boeing Co | Electromechanical transducers |
| US3311761A (en) * | 1963-12-26 | 1967-03-28 | Schloss Fred | Transducer mounting |
| BE757591A (fr) | 1969-11-25 | 1971-03-16 | Thomson Csf | Perfectionnements aux domes de systemes sonars et procede de leur fabrication |
| FR2290812A1 (fr) | 1974-11-08 | 1976-06-04 | Thomson Csf | Transducteur electroacoustique pour immersion profonde |
| US6275448B1 (en) * | 1977-12-12 | 2001-08-14 | L3 Communication | Pressure-compensated acceleration-insensitive hydrophone |
| FR2431419A1 (fr) | 1978-07-18 | 1980-02-15 | Thomson Csf | Bouee aeroportee largable |
| FR2450193A1 (fr) | 1979-02-27 | 1980-09-26 | Thomson Csf | Bouee aeroportee largable a declenchement inertiel |
| FR2464179A2 (fr) | 1979-08-28 | 1981-03-06 | Thomson Csf | Bouee aeroportee largable |
| US4517664A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1985-05-14 | Teledyne Exploration Company | Seismic apparatus |
| FR2496379A1 (fr) * | 1980-12-16 | 1982-06-18 | Tech Radioelect Electro Fs | Transducteur electroacoustique de puissance pour immersion profonde |
| AU544464B2 (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1985-05-30 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Ultrasonic transducer |
| US4482835A (en) * | 1983-05-09 | 1984-11-13 | Systems Research Laboratories, Inc. | Multiphase backing materials for piezoelectric broadband transducers |
| JPS6025959B2 (ja) * | 1984-05-21 | 1985-06-21 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 超音波セラミツクマイクロホン |
| DE3441684A1 (de) * | 1984-11-15 | 1986-05-15 | SWF Auto-Electric GmbH, 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen | Elektroakustischer wandler |
| FR2622333B1 (fr) | 1987-10-27 | 1990-01-26 | Thomson Csf | Revetement anechoique pour ondes acoustiques |
| US4926397A (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1990-05-15 | Teledyne Exploration | Depth alarm for a seismic sensor |
| FR2656971B1 (fr) | 1990-01-05 | 1992-09-04 | Thomson Csf | Hydrophone basse frequence et antenne sonar comportant de tels hydrophones. |
| JP2920776B2 (ja) * | 1990-04-13 | 1999-07-19 | 東芝セラミックス株式会社 | 超音波プローブ |
| FR2672179B1 (fr) | 1991-01-25 | 1993-04-16 | Thomson Csf | Transducteur acoustique flextenseur pour immersion profonde. |
| FR2725684A1 (fr) | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-19 | Thomson Csf | Bouee aeroportee largable |
| DE59510158D1 (de) * | 1995-09-28 | 2002-05-16 | Endress Hauser Gmbh Co | Ultraschallwandler |
| FR2764160B1 (fr) | 1997-05-27 | 1999-08-27 | Thomson Marconi Sonar Sas | Transducteur electrodynamique pour acoustique sous-marine |
| FR2776161B1 (fr) | 1998-03-10 | 2000-05-26 | Thomson Marconi Sonar Sas | Antenne d'emission acoustique annulaire demontable |
-
1999
- 1999-10-22 FR FR9913215A patent/FR2800229B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-10-10 EP EP00967997A patent/EP1222653B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-10 US US10/110,130 patent/US6617765B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-10 DE DE60005382T patent/DE60005382T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-10 WO PCT/FR2000/002815 patent/WO2001029820A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0129820A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1222653B1 (fr) | 2003-09-17 |
| DE60005382D1 (de) | 2003-10-23 |
| FR2800229A1 (fr) | 2001-04-27 |
| DE60005382T2 (de) | 2004-07-08 |
| WO2001029820A1 (fr) | 2001-04-26 |
| US6617765B1 (en) | 2003-09-09 |
| FR2800229B1 (fr) | 2002-04-05 |
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