EP1216319A1 - Absorptive fabric - Google Patents

Absorptive fabric

Info

Publication number
EP1216319A1
EP1216319A1 EP00960844A EP00960844A EP1216319A1 EP 1216319 A1 EP1216319 A1 EP 1216319A1 EP 00960844 A EP00960844 A EP 00960844A EP 00960844 A EP00960844 A EP 00960844A EP 1216319 A1 EP1216319 A1 EP 1216319A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
gel
forming
fabric
reinforcing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00960844A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1216319B1 (en
Inventor
Holding Ltd. Bhk
Original Assignee
BHK Holding Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BHK Holding Ltd filed Critical BHK Holding Ltd
Publication of EP1216319A1 publication Critical patent/EP1216319A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1216319B1 publication Critical patent/EP1216319B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D3/00—Woven fabrics characterised by their shape
    • D03D3/02—Tubular fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
    • D04B1/123—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material with laid-in unlooped yarn, e.g. fleece fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/01—Surface features
    • D10B2403/011—Dissimilar front and back faces
    • D10B2403/0114—Dissimilar front and back faces with one or more yarns appearing predominantly on one face, e.g. plated or paralleled yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2509/00—Medical; Hygiene
    • D10B2509/02—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • D10B2509/022—Wound dressings

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to fabrics that are capable of
  • fabrics are particularly useful for the control of bleeding.
  • materials including yarns, which gel when wet and which absorb body fluids.
  • Such materials are used as swabs during surgery, as hemostatic agents and
  • CMC carboxymethylcellulose
  • CMC as wound dressings.
  • CMC gels upon contact with water, blood or body fluids,
  • CMC also facilitates blood clotting while
  • a composite structure incorporating gel-forming fibres
  • fibres are gelled.
  • the present invention provides a composite knit, woven or braided
  • reinforcing yarn is knit, woven or braided such that the fabric is
  • the gel-forming yarn in one embodiment of the present invention, the gel-forming yarn
  • hemostatic material such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose
  • the reinforcing yarn is a thin strong synthetic material
  • forming yarn may follow the same yarn path as some or all of the reinforcing
  • the gel-forming yarn may also follow a different path by which it
  • the fabric may be made by
  • a gel-forming yam such as oxidized cellulose or CMC.
  • a gel-forming yam such as oxidized cellulose or CMC.
  • a fabric may be made by weaving, knitting or braiding, with a reinforcing yarn, a cellulosic yarn, the woven, knit or braided structure being such that the
  • reinforcing yam be resistant to chemical attack in the conversion process.
  • cellulosic yam thus converted is in fact gel-forming, highly absorptive and may
  • the resultant fluid absorbing fabric is stretchable, to
  • the degree the reinforcing yarn and/or the structure of the fabric is stretchable.
  • gel-forming yarn has absorbed water or blood or body fluid and formed a gel
  • Such a composite yarn may comprise
  • core fibre is a continuous strand of a reinforcing filament, or filaments, made of
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of one knitted embodiment of the
  • Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view of another knitted embodiment of
  • the present invention in one embodiment, comprises a composite
  • hemostatic refers to a material that
  • Some gel-forming materials such as CMC are examples of CMC.
  • the term "reinforcing" yarn refers to a yarn that has greater tensile strength in a wet phase than a gel-forming yam with which it is
  • material suitable for weaving, knitting or braiding typically comprised of one or
  • Gel-forming materials or yarns of the type generally referred to
  • Such a material absorbs liquid and
  • hemostatic because they tend to cause blood to clot
  • Hemostatic, gel-forming materials such as CMC
  • the composite fabric of the present invention comprises a
  • the reinforcing yarn is a relatively strong synthetic material, with which the gel-
  • forming yarn is placed side by side during the weaving, knitting or braiding of
  • the gel-forming and reinforcing yams into a woven, knitted or braided fabric.
  • all or less than all of the yam courses of the reinforcing yarn may
  • woven or knitted fabric may comprise gel-forming yarn only, so
  • the gel-forming yarns have gelled.
  • at least 5% by
  • yarn may be used to yield a fabric of greater strength.
  • Lyocell is a solvent spun cellulose
  • the filaments in such a yarn may be chopped into staple form and
  • unconverted cellulose yam is readily woven, knit or braided into a precursor
  • ceUulose buUding blocks may be converted to the sodium
  • W Ue the present invention is not limited to sodium carboxymethylceUulose of
  • a hemostatic agent during surgery may also be used in the reinforced fabric of
  • the present invention and may also be converted (oxidized) after cellulosic yarn
  • hemostatic material useful in the present invention.
  • calcium alginate which is a material derived from seaweed, and, in matted fibre form, is also used as a wound dressing.
  • Other fibrous polysaccharides with
  • simUar chemistry and properties to CMC may also be used.
  • each of the multiple yarn end feeds to a weaving loom
  • knitting machine or braiding machine may comprise, in effect, two yam ends
  • one the gel-forming yarn (or a precursor yarn suitable for
  • a thicker (but weaker) yarn 1 which is either a gel-forming fibre or is convertible to a gel-forming yarn (i.e. a gel-forming
  • Reinforcing yarns 3 are knit so as to provide structural integrity to
  • the inlaying of gel-forming yarns 4 is such that even if the gel-
  • Knit forms of the composite fabric of this invention have some
  • the reinforcing yarn itself may be stretchable so that the fabric itself
  • invention is as a hemostatic shroud covering an expansible device, adapted for
  • precursor yam (12 tex lyoceU spun yam is knit together with a
  • the loop length is 5
  • the reinforcing yam comprises about
  • invention also includes the process of making a gel-forming or hemostatic
  • stmcture including a matted fibre or laid-in knit stmcture, as disclosed in the above-referenced WO 98/46818, by first forming the stmcture with gel-forming
  • fibre precursors such as ceUulose fibre or yarn
  • fibres such as nylon, and gel-forming fibres (or precursors thereof).
  • a preferred example of such a composite yarn is a core spun yarn
  • preformed yam may be another spun yarn, or, more commonly, a continuous
  • This preformed yarn may comprise a reinforcing material, such as
  • Gel-forming, or precursors of gel-forming, fibres comprise a second
  • the preformed yarn provide strength.
  • Such a yarn may be woven, knit or

Abstract

A composite fabric comprising a combination of a gel-forming yarn and a reinforcing yarn. A method of making a reinforced absorptive fabric comprising the steps of weaving, knitting or braiding together gel-forming yarn with reinforcing yarn, such that the network of reinforcing yarn provides structural integrity to the fabric independent of the gel-forming yarn. A composite fabric or structure may also comprise a composite yarn in which is incorporated both gel-forming fibre and reinforcing fibre. Gel-forming fabrics or structure may be made by first forming fabrics or structures of gel-forming fibre precursor and then converting the precursor to its gel-forming state.

Description

ABSORPTIVE FABRIC
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention pertains to fabrics that are capable of
absorbing a relatively large quantity of a fluid. Certain embodiments of such
fabrics are particularly useful for the control of bleeding.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
It is known to use, for various medical and other purposes, fibrous
materials, including yarns, which gel when wet and which absorb body fluids.
Such materials are used as swabs during surgery, as hemostatic agents and
wound dressings. The problem with such materials is that they tend to become
weak when wet. Structures formed from these materials tend to break or lose
integrity upon absorption of blood or body fluids.
Among the materials used for this purpose are collagen, oxidized
cellulose, calcium alginate and hemostatic gelatin. Such materials will be referred to generically herein as gel-forming materials and yarns made therefrom
as gel-forming yarns.
One particular material of this kind is sodium
carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), staple fibre forms of which are used in non-
woven fabrics that are commonly used in post-trauma and post-surgical situations
as wound dressings. CMC gels upon contact with water, blood or body fluids,
and swells to absorb such materials. CMC also facilitates blood clotting while
absorbing any exude and is, therefore, hemostatic. In addition, it is well known
that CMC is hydroscopic so it does not readily dry into clotted blood, and
therefore can be removed easily without causing re-bleeding. If it does dry, it
can be easily re-gelled by wetting with water or saline solution.
A composite structure, incorporating gel-forming fibres and
conventional textile fibres, is disclosed in international patent application, WO
98/46818. The materials described in WO 98/46818 as gel-forming fibres are
essentially the same as those which are useful, in yarn form, in the present
invention.
In the structure disclosed in WO 98/46818, the gel-forming fibres
are said to be "laid-in" to a knitted fabric. Applicant believes, however, that a
knitted structure as disclosed there would, to a significant degree, lose its
physical integrity upon gelling of the gel-forming fibres and would not be suitable in an application in which the fabric is stretched when the gel forming
fibres are gelled.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The present invention provides a composite knit, woven or braided
fabric comprised of a combination of gel-forming yarn and reinforcing yarn,
wherein the reinforcing yarn is knit, woven or braided such that the fabric is
capable of retaining its structural integrity independent of the gel-forming yarn.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the gel-forming yarn
is composed of a hemostatic material such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose
(CMC).
Typically the reinforcing yarn is a thin strong synthetic material,
such as nylon.
In the knit, woven or braided fabric of this invention, the gel-
forming yarn may follow the same yarn path as some or all of the reinforcing
yarn courses. The gel-forming yarn may also follow a different path by which it
is laid in or interwoven with the reinforcing yarn.
In one form of the present invention, the fabric may be made by
weaving, knitting or braiding a composite fabric comprised of reinforcing yarn
and a gel-forming yam such as oxidized cellulose or CMC. Alternatively, such
a fabric may be made by weaving, knitting or braiding, with a reinforcing yarn, a cellulosic yarn, the woven, knit or braided structure being such that the
structural integrity of the fabric is dependent on the reinforcing yam only, and
then converting the cellulosic yarn therein to oxidized cellulose or sodium
carboxymethylcellulose.
This conversion process is conventional and requires only that the
reinforcing yam be resistant to chemical attack in the conversion process. The
cellulosic yam thus converted is in fact gel-forming, highly absorptive and may
be hemostatic. In knit form, the resultant fluid absorbing fabric is stretchable, to
the degree the reinforcing yarn and/or the structure of the fabric is stretchable.
Such a fabric retains its structural integrity even when stretched and when the
gel-forming yarn has absorbed water or blood or body fluid and formed a gel
therewith.
This conversion process may be useful also with unreinforced
knitted, woven or braided cellulosic fabric, that is cellulosic fabrics without
reinforcing yam, and to non-woven structures comprised of precursors of gel-
forming fibres or yarns.
Still another form of reinforced gel-forming absorbent fabric,
within the scope of this invention, may be made by forming the fabric or other
structure with a composite yarn, the yarn itself comprising a composite or
combination of gel-forming fibre (or a precursor thereof, convertible as described above) with a reinforcing fibre. Such a composite yarn may comprise
a yarn spun from a combination of such fibres or a core spun yarn, wherein the
core fibre is a continuous strand of a reinforcing filament, or filaments, made of
a material such as nylon.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of one knitted embodiment of the
present invention.
Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view of another knitted embodiment of
the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
The present invention, in one embodiment, comprises a composite
fabric, which retains its structural integrity while absorbing a large quantity of
fluid, and particularly to such a fabric useful for the control of bleeding. One
application for such a fabric is in an expandable hemostatic device for the
control of bleeding in body cavities, as disclosed and claimed in a separate
patent application of partial common inventorship herewith, U.S. Application
Serial No. 09/406/166, filed September 27, 1999.
As used herein, the term "hemostatic" refers to a material that
retards or prevents bleeding. Some gel-forming materials, such as CMC, are
hemostatic. The term "reinforcing" yarn refers to a yarn that has greater tensile strength in a wet phase than a gel-forming yam with which it is
combined.
The word "yam," as used herein, refers to an indefinite length of
material suitable for weaving, knitting or braiding, typically comprised of one or
more continuous strands of material or a multiplicity of relatively short length
fibres spun into a fibre bundle of indefinite length, or some combination of
continuous strands and spun fibres.
Gel-forming materials or yarns, of the type generally referred to
herein, typically soften to form a gel or partially dissolve when brought into
contact with a suitable liquid such as blood. Such a material absorbs liquid and
will absorb many times its own weight. Certain gel-forming materials are
referred to as hemostatic because they tend to cause blood to clot while
absorbing any exudate. Hemostatic, gel-forming materials, such as CMC, are
particularly useful for medical purposes wherein the absorption of body fluids is
important. Such materials are also used during surgery, or other medical
procedures, as hemostatic agents and wound dressings.
The composite fabric of the present invention comprises a
reinforcing yarn woven, knitted or braided with a gel-forming yarn. Typically,
the reinforcing yarn is a relatively strong synthetic material, with which the gel-
forming yarn is placed side by side during the weaving, knitting or braiding of
the gel-forming and reinforcing yams into a woven, knitted or braided fabric. Alternatively, all or less than all of the yam courses of the reinforcing yarn may
be accompanied by gel-forming yarn. Alternatively also, still other yarn courses
or picks of the woven or knitted fabric may comprise gel-forming yarn only, so
long as the network of woven or knitted reinforcing yarn retains its structural
integrity independent of the gel-forming yarn.
In general, it is preferred for present purposes to maximize the
proportion of gel-forming yarn in the fabric and incorporate as little as possible
of the reinforcing yarn, while still ensuring adequate strength in the fabric after
the gel-forming yarns have gelled. As a practical matter, at least 5% (by
weight) of reinforcing yarn is required but a larger proportion of reinforcing
yarn may be used to yield a fabric of greater strength.
CMC, a prefeπed gel-forming material in the present invention,
may be made by the chemical conversion of a variety of cellulosic materials,
such as viscose rayon, cotton, etc. One cellulosic yarn suitable for the present
invention is a Lyocell yarn. It is available from Spinneroff Streif AG,
Zurichstrasse 170, Uathal, Switzerland. Lyocell is a solvent spun cellulose,
produced from the natural cellulose in wood pulp by dissolution of the pulp in a
solvent and then extruding the solution through a multiple-hole die, called a
spinneret, to form a yam comprised of a plurality of continuous strands. The
solvent is vaporized in the process, leaving a continuous multi-filament yarn
composed of pure cellulose. The filaments in such a yarn may be chopped into staple form and
spun into a yarn in a way similar to that used in processing cotton fibre.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, such an
unconverted cellulose yam is readily woven, knit or braided into a precursor
fabric, from which the fabric of the present invention is made by conversion of
the cellulose to sodium carboxymethylceUulose or to oxidized cellulose, in
accordance with well-known techniques.
In the conversion of cellulose to sodium carboxymethylceUulose,
less than aU of the ceUulose buUding blocks may be converted to the sodium
carboxymethylceUulose form and the degree of this conversion wiU dictate the
degree to which a resultant CMC yarn wiU absorb water and form a gel
therewith. This proportion is sometimes refeπed to as the conversion factor.
W Ue the present invention is not limited to sodium carboxymethylceUulose of
any particular conversion factor, such materials with a conversion factor of 50
to 70% are preferred in the fabric of the present invention.
Oxidized ceUulose, which is conventionaUy used in knitted form as
a hemostatic agent during surgery, may also be used in the reinforced fabric of
the present invention and may also be converted (oxidized) after cellulosic yarn
is first woven, knit or braided into a precursor fabric.
Yet another hemostatic material, useful in the present invention, is
calcium alginate, which is a material derived from seaweed, and, in matted fibre form, is also used as a wound dressing. Other fibrous polysaccharides, with
simUar chemistry and properties to CMC, may also be used.
Combinations of different gel-forming agents may be used within
the scope of the present invention. Such combinations may be made by forming
a yarn from different gel-forming or hemostatic fibres and/or by weaving,
knitting or braiding combinations of different gel-forming yarns.
In the case where a precursor fabric is first formed with ceUulose
yarn, and the knittedj woven or braided ceUulose yarn is then converted to gel-
forming oxidized ceUulose or sodium carboxymethylceUulose, the reinforcing
yarn must be non-reactive with the reactants and the products of the process of
converting the ceUulosic material into the gel-forming, chemicaUy modified form
thereof.
Referring to Figure 1, the step of weaving, knitting or braiding
involves conventional methods, which are known. In accordance with the
present invention, each of the multiple yarn end feeds to a weaving loom,
knitting machine or braiding machine may comprise, in effect, two yam ends,
fed in paraUel, one the gel-forming yarn (or a precursor yarn suitable for
subsequent conversion to a gel-forming yarn), and one the reinforcing yarn.
With a weft knit fabric constructed in this way as an example, the knit fabric
product would include, as shown in Figure 1 , a thin reinforcing yarn 2,
combined in aU yarn courses with a thicker (but weaker) yarn 1 , which is either a gel-forming fibre or is convertible to a gel-forming yarn (i.e. a gel-forming
yarn precursor).
In such a structure, at least some of the gel-forming yarn courses
may be omitted, depending on the relative degree of strength and absorptive
capacity desired. Shown in Figure 2 is another knit fabric of the present
invention. Reinforcing yarns 3 are knit so as to provide structural integrity to
the fabric, whUe gel-forming (or precursor to gel-forming) yarns 4 are inlaid
therewith. The inlaying of gel-forming yarns 4 is such that even if the gel-
forming yarns 4 are fuUy dissolved, the network of reinforcing yarns wiU
maintain the structural integrity of the fabric.
Knit forms of the composite fabric of this invention have some
inherent stretchabiHty. In certain embodiments of the fabrics, such as those
shown in Figures 1 and 2, still more stretchabiHty may be provided. More
specificaUy, the reinforcing yarn itself may be stretchable so that the fabric itself
is more stretchable. This is particularly useful when the fabric is intended for
disposition around a baUoon-expanding device, as described in the above-
referenced co-pending U.S. patent appUcation. For that purpose, a tubular
fabric is preferred.
In fact, one particularly effective use for the fabric of the present
invention is as a hemostatic shroud covering an expansible device, adapted for
disposition in a body cavity or passageway, such as a nasal passageway, to control bleeding therein, as disclosed in the above-referenced U.S. Patent
AppUcation Serial No. 09/406,166, filed September 27, 1999.
While the range of fabrics required for different applications is
very wide, an exemplary fabric, made for use in a nasal hemostatic device,
comprises a knit construction, as iUustrated in Figure 1, knitted into a tubular
form in accordance with weU-known methods. In this exemplary fabric, a gel
forming precursor yam (12 tex lyoceU spun yam is knit together with a
reinforcing yarn comprised of 17 decitex 3 filament nylon. The fabric stmcture
is a plain weft, knitted in circular form with 36 needles. The loop length is 5
mm and the weight of the finished fabric is 1.6 grams per metre (wet relaxed
and dried to normal moisture regain). The reinforcing yam comprises about
12%, by weight, of this fabric before conversion of the LyoceU to CMC and
about 11 % after that conversion.
The conversion of the LyoceU in this exemplary fabric is
accompnshed by methods weU known in the art.
WhUe the nylon reinforcing yarn used in this embodiment would
not be considered stretchable, the fabric stmcture itself is stretchable and
deformable, that is it wiU expand in diameter at the expense of its length.
Apart from the composite fabric as described above, the present
invention also includes the process of making a gel-forming or hemostatic
stmcture, including a matted fibre or laid-in knit stmcture, as disclosed in the above-referenced WO 98/46818, by first forming the stmcture with gel-forming
fibre precursors, such as ceUulose fibre or yarn, and then converting the
structure to the gel-forming state thereof, namely oxidized ceUulose or CMC.
StiU other composites and fabrics within the scope of this invention
comprise a composite yarn, the stmcture of which includes both reinforcing
fibres, such as nylon, and gel-forming fibres (or precursors thereof).
The most elementary method of combining two different fibres
within one yarn is to simply spin the yarn from a mixture of the two fibres in
staple form. However, this may lead to an overly weakened yarn once the
geUing has taken place.
A preferred example of such a composite yarn is a core spun yarn,
that is a yam wherein staple fibres are spun around a preformed yarn. This
preformed yam may be another spun yarn, or, more commonly, a continuous
filament yam. This preformed yarn may comprise a reinforcing material, such
as nylon. Gel-forming, or precursors of gel-forming, fibres comprise a second
component of the final yarn product. The gel-forming fibres therein (converted
from precursor materials either prior to or after spinning) provide absorptive and
hemostatic capacity to the yarn and the reinforcing fibres or central filament of
the preformed yarn provide strength. Such a yarn may be woven, knit or
otherwise incorporated into a fabric or other stmcture, wherein fluid or blood
absorption are important. W le the product and method of making the product of this
invention have been described in connection with several specific embodiments,
it should be understood that numerous modifications could be made by persons
of skiU in this art without departing from the true spirit and scope of the
invention. Accordingly, the above description is intended to be merely
iUustrative and not Umiting. The scope of the invention claimed should be
understood as including aU those alternatives and modifications which may be
devised by one skiUed in the art from the above description whUe nevertheless
embodying the true spirit and scope thereof, and aU equivalents or obvious
variants thereof.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A composite knitted, woven or braided fabric comprising a
combination of:
yarn which is either gel-forming or is a precursor yarn, capable of being
converted to a gel-forming yam; said gel-forming yam or gel-forming yam
precursor being woven, knitted or braided with a reinforcing yam, the knitting,
weaving or braiding of such reinforcing yarn comprising a network capable of
providing physical integrity to said fabric independent of said gel-forming yarn
or gel-forming yarn precursor.
2. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said gel-forming yarn
precursor is a ceUulosic yam.
3. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said gel-forming yarn is
comprised of sodium carboxymethylceUulose.
4. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said gel-forming yarn is
selected from the group consisting of sodium carboxymethylceUulose, oxidized
ceUulose, and calcium alginate.
5. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said reinforcing filament is a
nylon continuous mono or multifilament yarn.
6. A composite fabric comprising a woven, knit or braided
combination of:
one or more yarns capable of geUing upon contact with Uquid, and
one or more reinforcing yarns,
wherein said reinforcing yarn has greater tensUe strength than said geUing
yam in a wet phase, and
wherein said fabric is highly absorbent to blood and body fluids and
wherein the woven, knit or braided network of said reinforcing yarn is
capable of providing stmctural integrity to said fabric independent of said yarn
capable of geUing upon contact with Uquid.
7. A method of making a composite fabric comprised of a
combination of gel-forming yarn and reinforcing yarn, said method comprising
the steps of:
weaving, knitting or braiding together a pluraUty of courses of said gel-
forming and said reinforcing yarns,
said pluraUty of yarns including at least one said yarn having hemostatic
properties and at least one said yarn having a tensile strength greater than the
tensUe strength of said hemostatic yarn in a wet phase, said higher strength yam
being woven, knit or braided so as to provide structural integrity to said fabric
independent of said hemostatic yarn.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein said yam having hemostatic
properties is converted ceUulose yarn.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein said converted ceUulose
yarn is sodium carboxymethylceUulose, converted after the knitting, weaving or
braiding of a ceUulose precursor yarn.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein said ceUulose yarn is
oxidized to produce oxidized ceUulose fibre.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein said ceUulose yarn is
oxidized after the step of said weaving, knitting or braiding.
12. The method of claim 7 wherein said yam having hemostatic
properties is calcium alginate.
13. A precursor fabric capable of being converted into a
composite woven, knitted or braided fabric having a capacity for absorbing a
quantity of a selected fluid without losing its stmctural integrity, said precursor
fabric comprising a network of woven, knitted or braided yarns capable of
retaining the stmctural integrity thereof in the presence of said selected fluid
and, combined therewith, precursor yarn capable of being converted to gel-
forming yarn, which gel-forming yarn has a capacity to absorb said preselected
fluid by forming a gel therewith.
14. A self-reinforcing composite yarn comprising
(a) reinforcing fibres or filament, and
(b) gel-forming fibres, or gel-forming fibre precursors,
wherein (b) is combined with (a) to form a continuous yarn.
15. A yam, as in claim 14, wherein said yarn is a core-spun
yam.
16. A reinforced, gel-forming, fluid-absorbing stmcture
comprised of a yarn, as recited in claim 14.
17. A method of making a gel-forming stmcture by first making
a structure of a material including fibrous material which is chemicaUy
convertible to a gel-forming absorptive material, and then chemicaUy converting
said material to its gel-forming, absorptive form.
18. A method, as recited in claim 17, wherein said precursor
material is a ceUulosic yam.
19. A method, as recited in claim 18, wherein said converted
material is CMC.
20. A method, as recited in claim 17, wherein the finished
stmcture is a knitted fabric
21. A method, as recited in claim 17, wherein the finished
stmcture is a woven fabric.
22. A method, as recited in claim 17, wherein the finished
stmcture is a braided fabric.
23. A stmcture, as recited in claims 20, 21 or 22, wherein the
fabric is in tubular form.
EP00960844A 1999-09-27 2000-09-19 Absorptive fabric Expired - Lifetime EP1216319B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40649099A 1999-09-27 1999-09-27
US406490 1999-09-27
US61203800A 2000-07-07 2000-07-07
US612038 2000-07-07
PCT/GB2000/003586 WO2001023653A1 (en) 1999-09-27 2000-09-19 Absorptive fabric

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1216319A1 true EP1216319A1 (en) 2002-06-26
EP1216319B1 EP1216319B1 (en) 2004-04-07

Family

ID=27019535

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00960844A Expired - Lifetime EP1216319B1 (en) 1999-09-27 2000-09-19 Absorptive fabric

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1216319B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003510475A (en)
CN (1) CN1214141C (en)
AT (1) ATE263858T1 (en)
AU (1) AU771967B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2384689C (en)
DE (1) DE60009727T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2222231T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2001023653A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2003510475A (en) 2003-03-18
AU7301300A (en) 2001-04-30
CA2384689A1 (en) 2001-04-05
CN1376221A (en) 2002-10-23
CN1214141C (en) 2005-08-10
DE60009727D1 (en) 2004-05-13
ATE263858T1 (en) 2004-04-15
CA2384689C (en) 2009-05-12
ES2222231T3 (en) 2005-02-01
WO2001023653A1 (en) 2001-04-05
DE60009727T2 (en) 2004-08-12
EP1216319B1 (en) 2004-04-07
AU771967B2 (en) 2004-04-08

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