EP1205713A1 - Procédé d'injection de combustible dans un brûleur - Google Patents

Procédé d'injection de combustible dans un brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1205713A1
EP1205713A1 EP01125598A EP01125598A EP1205713A1 EP 1205713 A1 EP1205713 A1 EP 1205713A1 EP 01125598 A EP01125598 A EP 01125598A EP 01125598 A EP01125598 A EP 01125598A EP 1205713 A1 EP1205713 A1 EP 1205713A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
fuel
max
nozzles
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01125598A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1205713B1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Oliver Dr. Paschereit
Peter Dr. Flohr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Schweiz AG
Alstom Power NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Schweiz AG, Alstom Power NV filed Critical Alstom Schweiz AG
Publication of EP1205713A1 publication Critical patent/EP1205713A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1205713B1 publication Critical patent/EP1205713B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2210/00—Noise abatement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for injecting fuel into a Burners, e.g. into a double-cone burner, as well as a burner for carrying this out Process.
  • thermoacoustic For burners that supply liquid or gaseous fuel to a combustion chamber, where the fuel burns on a flame front, so-called thermoacoustic often occur Fluctuations. So also, for example, but not exclusively, for the very successfully used so-called double-cone burner, as described in EP 0 321 809.
  • Fluid stability fluctuations are a main reason for the occurrence of such thermoacoustic instabilities. Fluid mechanical instability waves, that arise at the burner lead to the formation of eddies (coherent Structures) that affect combustion and periodic heat release with the associated pressure fluctuations. The fluctuating air column in the burner leads to fluctuations in the mixture break with the associated fluctuations in the heat release.
  • thermoacoustic vibrations pose a threat to any type of combustion application They lead to pressure vibrations of high amplitude, to a restriction of the operating area and can increase pollutant emissions. This is particularly true for combustion systems with low acoustic damping. To in terms of pulsations emissions and high power conversion over a wide operating range active combustion combustion control may be necessary.
  • Coherent structures play a crucial role in mixing processes between Air and fuel. The dynamics of these structures therefore affect combustion and with it the heat release. By influencing the shear layer between the Fresh gas mixture and the recirculated exhaust gas is a control of the combustion instabilities possible (e.g.
  • the flame position and thus the influence can be influenced by fuel staging of flow instabilities as well as time delay effects.
  • thermoacoustic vibrations Another mechanism that can lead to thermoacoustic vibrations are Fluctuations in the mixture break between fuel and air.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a method and a burner Implementation of such a method to indicate in which the occurrence of such thermoacoustic vibrations is reduced or even avoided.
  • thermoacoustic vibrations are made according to the invention reduced or even avoided entirely by using the fuel over the length of the burner distributed fuel nozzles is injected that the delay time ⁇ between injection of the fuel and its combustion on the flame front for the various fuel nozzles corresponds to a systematically varying distribution over the burner length, which avoids combustion-driven vibrations.
  • the fuel is injected in such a way that the time delay distribution over the burner length toward the burner end is designed to decrease essentially linearly from the maximum value ⁇ max by a maximum delay difference ⁇ to a minimum value at the burner end of ⁇ max - ⁇ .
  • This simple distribution can be implemented with relatively little effort and has an efficient effect.
  • the delay difference ⁇ is preferably set in the range of 10-90% of the maximum value ⁇ max , in particular in the range of more than 50% of the maximum value ⁇ max .
  • the burner is one Double cone burner, in which the burner consists of at least two positioned on top of each other hollow partial cone bodies, which have an increasing taper in the direction of flow have, and which partial cone bodies are arranged offset from one another, so that the Combustion air flows into the interior through a gap between the partial cone bodies, is formed.
  • the method can be used particularly cheaply.
  • the invention further relates to a burner for performing the above method wherein the fuel nozzles are divided into groups, and each having a group of Fuel nozzles is arranged on a line such that all fuel nozzles in a group are responsible for feeding the same area in the flame front.
  • the fuel nozzles are preferably distributed such that the Number of lines is greater than the average number of fuel nozzles in a group.
  • a double cone burner e.g. can the fuel nozzles on the cone surfaces of the Partial cone bodies can be arranged on lines for an area of the flame front. It appears thereby dividing the total of 32 nozzles of a double-cone burner into 8 groups on 8 lines with 4 nozzles each is advantageous.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to disturb the time delay ⁇ between the periodic heat release on the flame front and the pressure fluctuation during the injection, so that the Rayleigh criterion is no longer satisfied, ie heat release and pressure maximum are no longer in phase. This eliminates the driving mechanism for the occurrence of thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • the upper gap 7 is between the two conical Burner trays 8 and 9 can be seen.
  • the combustion air 23 passes through this gap 7 past the fuel nozzles 6 distributed over the burner length into the interior 22, wherein the fuel is captured by the air 23 flowing past and enclosed.
  • the combustion air flow flows to form a Direction of fuel spreading out in the direction of flow along the flow lines 5.
  • the fuel / air mixture then enters the combustion chamber 2, where it is on a flame front 3 inflamed.
  • the delay time ⁇ is that between the injection passes at the fuel nozzles 6 until ignition on the flame front 3, almost constant for all positions of the fuel nozzles, as shown schematically in Fig. 1b) (The coordinate x extends from the outlet 10 of the burner 1 to the rear one End, i.e. in Figure 1a) from right to left).
  • it cannot be systematic Variation of the delay times ⁇ as a function of the fuel nozzle position along the Burner 1 can be observed e.g. shorter delay times for nozzles 6 near the burner outlet 10), but rather a more or less random, around an average little fluctuating distribution as a function of the injection location x.
  • the distribution is set such that the delay times ⁇ vary linearly by a delay time difference ⁇ , namely from a minimum ⁇ max - ⁇ to a maximum in the rear burner area of ⁇ max linearly increasing.
  • FIG. 3 shows the burner stability as a function of the parameters ⁇ (x-axis) and ⁇ max (y-axis) for a delay time distribution as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Three values for the behavior at different flow velocities in the burner are given as individual measured values: for low flow velocities 17, for medium flow velocities 18 and for high flow velocities 19.
  • two fundamentally unstable areas hatched here.
  • an unstable area 16 of short delay times Almost independent of the choice of ⁇ , the burner is not acoustically stable for such high flow velocities.
  • a second, island-like region 13 of unstable behavior is found for low speeds, ie high values of ⁇ max , and for small values of ⁇ .
  • Such a distribution can be technically implemented using an exemplary embodiment serving double cone burner as already shown in Fig. 1 via a simple modification of fuel injection into the combustion air stream 23.
  • the fuel nozzles 6 are no longer arranged directly at column 7 between the two shells 8 and 9, but are resp. embedded in the conical surfaces of elements 8 and 9, and thereby systematically set the delay times.
  • the fuel nozzles 6 can do this be divided into groups, and each time the fuel nozzles of a group arranged on lines 20 that follow the streamlines along the torch contour. Nozzles one Group feed a certain area of the flame front, but with different Delay time ⁇ between the moment of injection and arrival at the flame front 3 it is advantageous to form as many groups as possible in order to spread the time delay to form a uniformly distributed flame.
  • the number of 32 nozzles typical of the pressure drop is e.g. divided into 8 groups, whose 4 nozzles (two per cone 8 and 9 respectively) are arranged on 8 lines of the same time delay become suitable to prevent the thermoacoustic vibrations.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP01125598A 2000-11-09 2001-10-26 Procédé d'injection de combustible dans un brûleur Expired - Lifetime EP1205713B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10055408A DE10055408A1 (de) 2000-11-09 2000-11-09 Verfahren zur Brenstoffeinspritzung in einen Brenner
DE10055408 2000-11-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1205713A1 true EP1205713A1 (fr) 2002-05-15
EP1205713B1 EP1205713B1 (fr) 2007-07-11

Family

ID=7662615

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01125598A Expired - Lifetime EP1205713B1 (fr) 2000-11-09 2001-10-26 Procédé d'injection de combustible dans un brûleur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6705857B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1205713B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10055408A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113719861A (zh) * 2021-09-10 2021-11-30 中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司 燃烧室和具有该燃烧室的燃气轮机

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10164099A1 (de) * 2001-12-24 2003-07-03 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Brenner mit gestufter Brennstoffeinspritzung
US7089746B2 (en) * 2002-06-26 2006-08-15 Georgia Tech Reasearch Corporation Systems and methods for detection of blowout precursors in combustors
US7454892B2 (en) * 2002-10-30 2008-11-25 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Systems and methods for detection and control of blowout precursors in combustors using acoustical and optical sensing
WO2005095863A1 (fr) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Alstom Technology Ltd Brûleur
US7303388B2 (en) * 2004-07-01 2007-12-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Staged combustion system with ignition-assisted fuel lances
WO2006058843A1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Alstom Technology Ltd Procede et dispositif de combustion d'hydrogene dans un bruleur a premelange
EP2423598A1 (fr) 2010-08-25 2012-02-29 Alstom Technology Ltd Dispositif de combustion

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0592717A1 (fr) * 1992-10-16 1994-04-20 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Brûleur opérant au gaz du type à prémélange
DE4446945A1 (de) * 1994-12-28 1996-07-04 Abb Management Ag Gasbetriebener Vormischbrenner
DE19809364A1 (de) * 1997-03-10 1998-09-17 Gen Electric Dynamisch entkoppelter Brenner mit geringen NO¶x¶-Emissionen
EP1001214A1 (fr) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-17 Asea Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour empêcher la formation d'instabilités d'écoulement dans un brûleur

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH674561A5 (fr) 1987-12-21 1990-06-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
DE4336096B4 (de) * 1992-11-13 2004-07-08 Alstom Vorrichtung zur Reduktion von Schwingungen in Brennkammern
DE4304213A1 (de) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-18 Abb Research Ltd Brenner zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine, einer Brennkammer einer Gasturbogruppe oder Feuerungsanlage
DE4440558A1 (de) * 1994-11-12 1996-05-15 Abb Research Ltd Vormischbrenner
DE4441235A1 (de) * 1994-11-19 1996-05-23 Abb Management Ag Brennkammer mit Mehrstufenverbrennung
DE4441641A1 (de) * 1994-11-23 1996-05-30 Abb Management Ag Brennkammer mit Vormischbrennern
EP0918152A1 (fr) 1997-11-24 1999-05-26 Abb Research Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour contrÔler les vibrations thermoacoustiques dans les chambres de combustion
DE59810032D1 (de) * 1998-09-10 2003-12-04 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Verfahren zum Minimieren thermoakustischer Schwingungen in Gasturbinenbrennkammern
DE19948673B4 (de) * 1999-10-08 2009-02-26 Alstom Verfahren zum Erzeugen von heissen Gasen in einer Verbrennungseinrichtung sowie Verbrennungseinrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19948674B4 (de) * 1999-10-08 2012-04-12 Alstom Verbrennungseinrichtung, insbesondere für den Antrieb von Gasturbinen
US6360776B1 (en) * 2000-11-01 2002-03-26 Rolls-Royce Corporation Apparatus for premixing in a gas turbine engine
DE10064893A1 (de) 2000-12-23 2002-11-14 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Brenner mit gestufter Brennstoffeindüsung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0592717A1 (fr) * 1992-10-16 1994-04-20 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Brûleur opérant au gaz du type à prémélange
DE4446945A1 (de) * 1994-12-28 1996-07-04 Abb Management Ag Gasbetriebener Vormischbrenner
DE19809364A1 (de) * 1997-03-10 1998-09-17 Gen Electric Dynamisch entkoppelter Brenner mit geringen NO¶x¶-Emissionen
EP1001214A1 (fr) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-17 Asea Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour empêcher la formation d'instabilités d'écoulement dans un brûleur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113719861A (zh) * 2021-09-10 2021-11-30 中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司 燃烧室和具有该燃烧室的燃气轮机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6705857B2 (en) 2004-03-16
DE10055408A1 (de) 2002-05-23
DE50112704D1 (de) 2007-08-23
EP1205713B1 (fr) 2007-07-11
US20020177093A1 (en) 2002-11-28

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