EP1205652A1 - Variable compression ratio mechanism with two hydraulically operated valves in the crank shaft - Google Patents

Variable compression ratio mechanism with two hydraulically operated valves in the crank shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1205652A1
EP1205652A1 EP00124773A EP00124773A EP1205652A1 EP 1205652 A1 EP1205652 A1 EP 1205652A1 EP 00124773 A EP00124773 A EP 00124773A EP 00124773 A EP00124773 A EP 00124773A EP 1205652 A1 EP1205652 A1 EP 1205652A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
crankshaft
crank pin
fluid
locking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00124773A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1205652B1 (en
Inventor
Edwin Weiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority to EP00124773A priority Critical patent/EP1205652B1/en
Priority to DE50007398T priority patent/DE50007398D1/en
Priority to US10/008,205 priority patent/US6510822B2/en
Priority to JP2001347545A priority patent/JP2002195242A/en
Publication of EP1205652A1 publication Critical patent/EP1205652A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1205652B1 publication Critical patent/EP1205652B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D15/00Varying compression ratio
    • F02D15/02Varying compression ratio by alteration or displacement of piston stroke
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/04Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/045Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable connecting rod length
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/04Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/048Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable crank stroke length
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21Elements
    • Y10T74/2173Cranks and wrist pins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crankshaft for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, containing a crank pin and one on the crank pin with its cylindrical inner surface rotatably mounted eccentric sleeve, the sleeve at least has a locking recess into which a Locking element can intervene to the rotatability of the Sleeve to pick up the crank pin.
  • crankshaft of the type mentioned is from the DE 197 03 948 C1 known. Such a crankshaft is used to the compression of a reciprocating internal combustion engine to change that as described below effective length of the connecting rod is shortened or lengthened becomes.
  • the connecting rod is in a known manner with its first end hinged to the piston, which is located in the cylinder of the Motors moves up and down, and with its second end it is Connecting rod articulated on the crank pin of the crankshaft.
  • the linear up and down movement is via the connecting rod of the piston in a continuous rotary motion of the Converted crankshaft.
  • Connecting rod with its second end via an intermediate eccentric sleeve mounted on the crank pin.
  • the eccentric sleeve has a cylindrical inner surface and an eccentric cylindrical outer surface.
  • DE 197 03 948 C1 For actuating the locking element at the end of the connecting rod is from the connecting rod according to DE 197 03 948 C1 independent movable mechanism provided which with an arcuate stop surface at the edge of the movement space the connecting rod is arranged. It is a big Expansion of the stop surface is necessary, since that End of the connecting rod moves during engine operation and in a switching of the locking element in every possible position must be possible. Accordingly, the DE 197 03 948 C1 is a relatively complex, expensive and Failure-prone mechanism for actuating the locking element or to change the effective length of the connecting rod.
  • crankshaft of the type mentioned at the beginning improve that it can be produced at lower costs and enables reliable operation.
  • crankshaft for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine therefore a crank pin, which is eccentric in the usual way is arranged to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft.
  • the crankshaft contains an eccentric sleeve that fits with its cylindrical inner surface rotatable on the crank pin is stored and the cylindrical outer surface is eccentric to the inner surface. This can be done on the outer surface of the sleeve one end of a connecting rod can be supported, with one Rotation of the sleeve around the crank pin due to the eccentricity the effective length of the connecting rod Stroke radius can be changed.
  • the sleeve has at least a locking recess or pocket on which one Locking element can intervene to the rotatability of the Pick up the sleeve and thus close the sleeve on the crank pin lock.
  • the sleeve is locked in place the current effective length of the connecting rod.
  • the crankshaft is characterized in that at least a locking element arranged on the crankshaft is and that the crankshaft control means for actuation contains the locking element.
  • the locking element is therefore not in the connecting rod arranged, but on or in the crankshaft.
  • control means for actuation of the locking element also can be provided on or in the crankshaft, where they are easier to manufacture and where they are protected from interference. Further are no complex and in the space below the connecting rod bulky additional elements for actuating the locking element required.
  • the crankshaft according to the invention allows thus a more compact structure of the engine.
  • the control means provided in the crankshaft are supply lines for a hydraulic fluid, and the locking elements can be operated hydraulically.
  • the crankshaft therefore only need channels for a hydraulic fluid be provided to the pressure-actuated locking elements to lead.
  • channels are in the crankshaft enough space, and the arrangement of the Not least because of this, ducts are technically cheap, because mostly oil channels in the crankshaft anyway Lubrication of the bearings must be provided.
  • the hydraulically operated locking elements can be in known way a displacement for receiving the hydraulic fluid and one by changing the volume of the displacement movable piston included.
  • the locking elements are preferably mechanically biased to a rest position which they apply when using a hydraulic (excess) pressure can be moved.
  • the rest position of the locking element can both an engagement of the locking element into the recess of the sleeve as well as a retreat correspond to the locking element from the sleeve.
  • the Crankshaft at least one to the outer surface of the crankpin (and thus to the inner surface of the sleeve) leading fluid supply channel on, and the sleeve is like this on its inner surface shaped that the supply of a fluid through the fluid supply channel a torque is generated around the crank pin on the sleeve. That is, effective for a change Length of the connecting rod necessary rotation of the sleeve around the Crank pin by the targeted supply of a fluid over the Fluid supply channel can be actively executed or supported can.
  • the crankshaft according to the invention is therefore not on it instructed that the rotation of the sleeve after release of the lock occurs on its own due to the acting forces, but this rotation can be active and in a predetermined Direction.
  • the Sleeve have an all-round sawtooth shape on their inner surface, the saw teeth running radially.
  • the crankshaft has a fluid drain channel which fluid can be removed, which the inner surface of the Sleeve was supplied via the above-mentioned fluid supply channel.
  • the fluid is thus in a flow via the fluid supply channel and the inner surface of the sleeve into the fluid drainage channel passed, preferably in a circuit can be performed.
  • the fluid On its way between the fluid supply channel and fluid drainage channel, the fluid interacts with the sleeve and calls the desired torque there out.
  • the crankshaft preferably contains two offset by 180 ° Crank pin arranged locking elements.
  • the order "on the crank pin” means that the locking elements in the crank pin itself or on its edge, the means in the so-called cheeks of the crankshaft, arranged are from where they are in the locking recess on the sleeve can intervene.
  • the arrangement the recess on the sleeve and the locking elements preferably chosen so that in the locked Positions the maximum possible or minimum possible effective length of the connecting rod is achieved.
  • crankshaft For efficient storage of the supply lines to the locking elements and optionally the fluid supply channel the crankshaft preferably has one along its extension running inner bore in which separate channels are arranged for the above lines.
  • Figure 1 is a part of a schematic in a cross section Crankshaft shown.
  • the crankshaft is in is known from shaft journal 1, which is concentric to the axis of rotation A of the crankshaft, and from eccentric arranged with respect to the axis of rotation A cylindrical crank pin 11.
  • the crank pin 11 and the shaft pin 1 are connected via crank webs 13, which by their shape and Material distribution for a symmetrical, balanced weight distribution with respect to the axis of rotation A.
  • the one in figure 1 shown section of the crankshaft is for everyone Cylinder of the associated internal combustion engine is provided, wherein the corresponding crank pins, however, relative to each other have an angular offset about the axis of rotation A.
  • crank pin 11 Around the crank pin 11 is the end of a connecting rod (not shown) rotatably arranged, the other End of the connecting rod articulated with the piston of the engine connected is.
  • the bearing of the connecting rod on the crank pin 11 over an intermediate sleeve 10. This has the special feature on that their cylindrical inner surface with which they are on the crank pin 11 is mounted, opposite the also cylindrical Outside surface is offset eccentrically. In the illustration of Figure 1, this is expressed in that the sleeve 10 has a greater thickness in the upper section than in lower cut.
  • the locking elements 7 and 14 are provided.
  • This Locking elements are arranged in the crankshaft, and in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in particular in one the cheeks 13, the shaft journal 1 with the crank pin 11 connects.
  • the sleeve 10 has the locking elements 7, 14 on it facing edge a recess 8 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) in which the locking elements can engage. In the situation shown in FIG. 1, this intervenes Recess 8 the radially outer locking element 7 on. This engagement turns the sleeve 10 around blocked the crank pin 11.
  • the spring-loaded piston of the locking element 7 as shown in Figure 1 in engagement with the recess 8 in the sleeve 10.
  • the opposite second locking element 14 is opposed by a spring Biased direction so that its piston of the sleeve 10 is pulled away. Since the sleeve 10 is only a single one Recess 8 has only one at a time of the two locking elements 7 or 14 engage in them.
  • a second piston connected to the first piston via a rod (not shown).
  • the second piston can with one Locking element supplied oil pressure are applied whereupon he pulled a pull on the other piston exercises and this with sufficient pressure from its rest position moved out.
  • the piston of the outer locking element 7 out of engagement with the recess 8 on the Sleeve 10 are brought so that the sleeve 10 around the Crank pin 11 can rotate.
  • the piston then by a corresponding hydraulic pressure in engagement with the recess 8 can be brought.
  • the sleeve is 10 in locked in their second position relative to the crank pin 11, whereby the other extremum (in Fig. 1 the minimum) of the effective stroke of the crankshaft is set.
  • Locking elements 7 and 14 can be operated selectively. In order to can then by rotating the sleeve 10 Compression ratio of the engine according to the engine speed and Adjust engine load.
  • FIG 1 another oil channel 3 can be seen, which parallel to channels 2 and 4 along the extension the crankshaft runs.
  • This channel 3 is via a line 12 connected to the outer surface of the crank pin 11, so that the bearing surface of the sleeve 10 on the crank pin 11 lubricating oil can be supplied.
  • a fluid preferably oil, such as the inner surface of the sleeve 10 is supplied that there is a torque around the axis of the trunnion 11 is generated around.
  • This torque can be a desired rotation of the sleeve in its unlocked state support or generate.
  • the inner surface of the sleeve 10 is configured in a suitable manner, e.g. by creating a circular sawtooth contour with chambers 9 (see Figures 2 and 3).
  • the fluid supplied is via a channel 6 dissipated in the cheek 13 of the crankshaft. Since it is the fluid is preferably a lubricating oil, the Channel 6 ends freely in the outer space of the crankshaft.
  • Two independent oil channels are thus integrated in the crankshaft, to separate oil from the bearings and control valves 7, 14 to forward.
  • the oil can go through the main bearings the bearing sleeve as well as a cast tube in the Crankshaft are fed to the front of the crankshaft.
  • the local connections for the sleeves and the control valves are drilled for every consumer.
  • the oil supply at the front of the crankshaft when entering the crankshaft only needs a simple sealing ring be sealed.
  • the control valves 7 and 14 are preferred arranged in two longitudinal bores in the crankshaft.
  • the control valve 7, 14 is a two-sided piston arrangement with return spring.
  • the valve consists of a straight tube with an opening between the pistons.
  • the tube improved the arrangement of the valve in the crankshaft.
  • a small spigot can be inserted vertically into the tube Cheek, which is the twisting of the tube in the bore prevented.
  • the two pistons of a valve are connected by a rod. They are welded, brazed or punched.
  • the control of the oil flow to the control valves 7, 14 is preferably carried out via electromagnetic valves.
  • the oil pressure is increased by an oil pump or a dual oil pump.
  • the sleeve 10 is shown in perspective.
  • a radially extending flange of the sleeve can be seen 10, which the semicircular recess 8 as well a sawtooth-shaped course with asymmetrical inside Has chambers 9.
  • the recess 8 can at one Side have a ramp 16, which over a certain length distributes a constant thinning of the flange to the recess 8 includes.
  • the ramp 16 against one another the locking element pressing the flange upon rotation the sleeve 10 axially in over a longer area Move towards the recess so that it is not on one Must snap into place at the moment when the recess 8 faces exactly.
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view from viewing direction III of FIG 1.
  • a piece of the flange of the sleeve 10 as well to see a partial section through the shaft journal 11.
  • the fluid supply channel 12 which is formed in the shaft journal 11 to a chamber 9 on the Inside of the sleeve 10 leads.
  • a fluid such as in particular an oil via the feed channel 12
  • asymmetrical Generates pressure which results in a net torque (in FIG 3 counterclockwise, cf. Arrow) leads. If the Sleeve is unlocked, this torque can be active Rotation of the sleeve 10 about the crank pin 11 are generated.
  • the position of the fluid drainage channel is also shown in broken lines in FIG 6 indicated. This can be done via this channel 6 the supply channel 12 to a chamber 9 supplied fluid a further rotation of the sleeve in the direction of the arrow.

Abstract

The crankshaft for a stroke piston internal combustion engine has an eccentric casing (10) arranged on the crank pin (11) and through its rotation relatively to the crank pin, the effective crankshaft stroke can be altered. The casing can be secured by two locking components (7,14) in two positions turned through 180 degrees. The locking components are arranged in the crankshaft and are fed with a hydraulic medium via feed conduits (2,4) likewise in the crankshaft. Also a feed conduit (3) for a fluid can be provided, which is so conducted to the inner surface of the casing that a torque is exerted on the casing around the shaft pin.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kurbelwelle für eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, enthaltend einen Kurbelzapfen sowie eine auf dem Kurbelzapfen mit ihrer zylindrischen Innenfläche drehbar gelagerte exzentrische Hülse, wobei die Hülse mindestens eine Verriegelungsausnehmung aufweist, in welche ein Verriegelungselement eingreifen kann, um die Drehbarkeit der Hülse um den Kurbelzapfen aufzuheben.The invention relates to a crankshaft for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, containing a crank pin and one on the crank pin with its cylindrical inner surface rotatably mounted eccentric sleeve, the sleeve at least has a locking recess into which a Locking element can intervene to the rotatability of the Sleeve to pick up the crank pin.

Eine Kurbelwelle der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der DE 197 03 948 C1 bekannt. Eine derartige Kurbelwelle dient dazu, die Verdichtung einer Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine dadurch zu verändern, dass wie nachfolgend beschrieben die wirksame Länge der Pleuelstange verkürzt oder verlängert wird.A crankshaft of the type mentioned is from the DE 197 03 948 C1 known. Such a crankshaft is used to the compression of a reciprocating internal combustion engine to change that as described below effective length of the connecting rod is shortened or lengthened becomes.

Die Pleuelstange ist in bekannter Weise mit ihrem ersten Ende gelenkig am Kolben befestigt, welcher sich im Zylinder des Motors auf und ab bewegt, und mit ihrem zweiten Ende ist die Pleuelstange gelenkig am Kurbelzapfen der Kurbelwelle angeordnet. Über die Pleuelstange wird die lineare Auf- und Abbewegung des Kolbens in eine kontinuierliche Drehbewegung der Kurbelwelle umgewandelt. Gemäß der DE 197 03 948 C1 ist die Pleuelstange dabei mit ihrem zweiten Ende über eine zwischengeschaltete exzentrische Hülse auf dem Kurbelzapfen gelagert. Die exzentrische Hülse weist eine zylindrische Innenfläche und eine hierzu exzentrische zylindrische Außenfläche auf. Je nach Drehung dieser exzentrischen Hülse relativ zum Kurbelzapfen ergibt sich für den Hub ein unterschiedlich wirksamer Hubradius, welcher zusammen mit der Pleuelstange als Abstand zwischen der Drehachse der Pleuelstange am Kolben und der Drehachse der Kurbelwelle definiert werden kann. Durch eine Drehung der exzentrischen Hülse kann somit die im Hubraum des Motorkolbens eintretende Verdichtung und damit das Motorverhalten verändert werden.The connecting rod is in a known manner with its first end hinged to the piston, which is located in the cylinder of the Motors moves up and down, and with its second end it is Connecting rod articulated on the crank pin of the crankshaft. The linear up and down movement is via the connecting rod of the piston in a continuous rotary motion of the Converted crankshaft. According to DE 197 03 948 C1 Connecting rod with its second end via an intermediate eccentric sleeve mounted on the crank pin. The eccentric sleeve has a cylindrical inner surface and an eccentric cylindrical outer surface. ever after rotating this eccentric sleeve relative to the crank pin the stroke is differently effective Stroke radius, which together with the connecting rod as a distance between the axis of rotation of the connecting rod on the piston and the Axis of rotation of the crankshaft can be defined. By a Rotation of the eccentric sleeve can thus in the displacement of the Compression of the engine piston and thus the engine behavior to be changed.

Um diese Veränderung der Verdichtung gezielt vornehmen zu können, weist die in der DE 197 03 948 C1 offenbarte Hülse an ihren beiden axialen Rändern je eine Ausnehmung auf, wobei die beiden Ausnehmungen sich bezüglich des Mittelpunktes der Hülse diametral gegenüberliegen. Ferner ist am Ende der Pleuelstange ein Verriegelungselement angeordnet, welches parallel zur Hülsenachse zwischen zwei Positionen verschiebbar ist. In der ersten Position greift dieses Verriegelungselement arretierend in die erste Ausnehmung der Hülse ein, in der zweiten Position arretierend in die zweite Ausnehmung. Da sich die beiden Ausnehmungen diametral an der Hülse gegenüberliegen, muss sich die Hülse für einen Wechsel zwischen den beiden Eingriffstellungen des Verriegelungselementes um 180° um den Kurbelzapfen drehen. Die Ausnehmungen der Hülse sind dabei in Bezug auf die Exzentrizität der Hülse so angeordnet, dass sich in den eingerasteten Positionen des Verriegelungselementes die maximal beziehungsweise minimal mögliche wirksame Länge der Pleuelstange einstellt.To make this change in compression specifically can instruct the sleeve disclosed in DE 197 03 948 C1 their two axial edges each have a recess, wherein the two recesses are in relation to the center of the Diametrically opposite sleeve. It is also at the end of the connecting rod a locking element arranged in parallel Slidable to the sleeve axis between two positions is. This locking element engages in the first position locking into the first recess of the sleeve, in the second position locking into the second recess. There the two recesses lie diametrically opposite one another on the sleeve, the sleeve needs to be switched between two engagement positions of the locking element by 180 ° turn around the crank pin. The recesses of the sleeve are arranged in relation to the eccentricity of the sleeve that are in the locked positions of the locking element the maximum or minimum possible effective Adjusts the length of the connecting rod.

Zur Betätigung des Verriegelungselementes am Ende der Pleuelstange ist gemäß der DE 197 03 948 C1 ein von der Pleuelstange unabhängiger beweglicher Mechanismus vorgesehen, welcher mit einer bogenförmigen Anschlagfläche am Rand des Bewegungsraumes der Pleuelstange angeordnet ist. Es ist eine große Ausdehnung der Anschlagfläche erforderlich, da sich das Ende der Pleuelstange beim Betrieb des Motors bewegt und in jeder möglichen Position eine Umschaltung des Verriegelungselementes möglich sein muss. Demnach ergibt sich bei der DE 197 03 948 C1 ein verhältnismäßig aufwendiger, teurer und störanfälliger Mechanismus zur Betätigung des Verriegelungselementes bzw. zur Veränderung der wirksamen Länge der Pleuelstange.For actuating the locking element at the end of the connecting rod is from the connecting rod according to DE 197 03 948 C1 independent movable mechanism provided which with an arcuate stop surface at the edge of the movement space the connecting rod is arranged. It is a big Expansion of the stop surface is necessary, since that End of the connecting rod moves during engine operation and in a switching of the locking element in every possible position must be possible. Accordingly, the DE 197 03 948 C1 is a relatively complex, expensive and Failure-prone mechanism for actuating the locking element or to change the effective length of the connecting rod.

Vor diesem Hintergrund war es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Kurbelwelle der eingangs genannten Art derart zu verbessern, dass sie mit geringeren Kosten herstellbar ist und einen zuverlässigen Betrieb ermöglicht.Against this background, it was an object of the present invention a crankshaft of the type mentioned at the beginning improve that it can be produced at lower costs and enables reliable operation.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Kurbelwelle mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.This task is accomplished by a crankshaft with the characteristics of claim 1 solved. Advantageous configurations are shown in contain the subclaims.

Die Kurbelwelle für eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine enthält demnach einen Kurbelzapfen, welcher in üblicher Weise exzentrisch zur Drehachse der Kurbelwelle angeordnet ist. Weiterhin enthält die Kurbelwelle eine exzentrische Hülse, die mit ihrer zylindrischen Innenfläche drehbar auf dem Kurbelzapfen gelagert ist und deren zylindrische Außenfläche exzentrisch zur Innenfläche liegt. An der Außenfläche der Hülse kann das eine Ende einer Pleuelstange gelagert werden, wobei durch eine Drehung der Hülse um den Kurbelzapfen aufgrund der Exzentrizität der Hülse die wirksame Länge der Pleuelstange mit Hubradius verändert werden kann. Die Hülse weist mindestens eine Verriegelungsausnehmung oder Tasche auf, in welche ein Verriegelungselement eingreifen kann, um die Drehbarkeit der Hülse aufzuheben und die Hülse somit auf dem Kurbelzapfen zu arretieren. Die Arretierung der Hülse bewirkt die Fixierung der aktuellen wirksamen Länge der Pleuelstange. Contains the crankshaft for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine therefore a crank pin, which is eccentric in the usual way is arranged to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft. Farther the crankshaft contains an eccentric sleeve that fits with its cylindrical inner surface rotatable on the crank pin is stored and the cylindrical outer surface is eccentric to the inner surface. This can be done on the outer surface of the sleeve one end of a connecting rod can be supported, with one Rotation of the sleeve around the crank pin due to the eccentricity the effective length of the connecting rod Stroke radius can be changed. The sleeve has at least a locking recess or pocket on which one Locking element can intervene to the rotatability of the Pick up the sleeve and thus close the sleeve on the crank pin lock. The sleeve is locked in place the current effective length of the connecting rod.

Die Kurbelwelle ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine Verriegelungselement an der Kurbelwelle angeordnet ist und dass die Kurbelwelle Ansteuerungsmittel für die Betätigung des Verriegelungselementes enthält. Anders als beim Stand der Technik ist das Verriegelungselement somit nicht in der Pleuelstange angeordnet, sondern an beziehungsweise in der Kurbelwelle. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass Ansteuerungsmittel für eine Betätigung des Verriegelungselementes ebenfalls an beziehungsweise in der Kurbelwelle vorgesehen werden können, wo sie sich herstellungstechnisch einfacher unterbringen lassen und wo sie vor Störeinflüssen geschützt sind. Ferner sind im Raum unterhalb der Pleuelstange keine aufwendigen und sperrigen Zusatzelemente zur Betätigung des Verriegelungselementes erforderlich. Die erfindungsgemäße Kurbelwelle erlaubt somit auch einen kompakteren Aufbau des Motors.The crankshaft is characterized in that at least a locking element arranged on the crankshaft is and that the crankshaft control means for actuation contains the locking element. Different from the State of the art, the locking element is therefore not in the connecting rod arranged, but on or in the crankshaft. This has the advantage that control means for actuation of the locking element also can be provided on or in the crankshaft, where they are easier to manufacture and where they are protected from interference. Further are no complex and in the space below the connecting rod bulky additional elements for actuating the locking element required. The crankshaft according to the invention allows thus a more compact structure of the engine.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Kurbelwelle sind die Ansteuerungsmittel, die in der Kurbelwelle vorgesehen sind, Zufuhrleitungen für ein Hydraulikmittel, und die Verriegelungselemente sind hydraulisch betätigbar. In der Kurbelwelle müssen demnach lediglich Kanäle für ein Hydraulikmittel vorgesehen werden, die zu den druckbetätigten Verriegelungselementen führen. Für derartige Kanäle ist in der Kurbelwelle ausreichend Platz vorhanden, und die Anordnung der Kanäle ist nicht zuletzt deshalb herstellungstechnisch günstig, da meistens in der Kurbelwelle ohnehin Ölkanäle zur Schmierung der Lager vorzusehen sind.According to a preferred embodiment of the crankshaft the control means provided in the crankshaft are supply lines for a hydraulic fluid, and the locking elements can be operated hydraulically. In the crankshaft therefore only need channels for a hydraulic fluid be provided to the pressure-actuated locking elements to lead. For such channels is in the crankshaft enough space, and the arrangement of the Not least because of this, ducts are technically cheap, because mostly oil channels in the crankshaft anyway Lubrication of the bearings must be provided.

Die hydraulisch betätigbaren Verriegelungselemente können in bekannter Weise einen Hubraum zur Aufnahme des Hydraulikmittels und einen durch eine Volumenveränderung des Hubraumes bewegbaren Kolben enthalten. Die Verriegelungselemente sind vorzugsweise mechanisch in eine Ruheposition vorgespannt, aus der sie bei Anwendung eines hydraulischen (Über-)Druckes heraus bewegt werden können. Die Ruheposition des Verriegelungselementes kann sowohl einem Eingriff des Verriegelungselementes in die Ausnehmung der Hülse als auch einem Rückzug des Verriegelungselementes aus der Hülse entsprechen.The hydraulically operated locking elements can be in known way a displacement for receiving the hydraulic fluid and one by changing the volume of the displacement movable piston included. The locking elements are preferably mechanically biased to a rest position which they apply when using a hydraulic (excess) pressure can be moved. The rest position of the locking element can both an engagement of the locking element into the recess of the sleeve as well as a retreat correspond to the locking element from the sleeve.

Gemäß einer anderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist die Kurbelwelle mindestens einen zur Außenfläche des Kurbelzapfens (und damit zur Innenfläche der Hülse) führenden Fluidzufuhrkanal auf, und die Hülse ist an ihrer Innenfläche so geformt, dass die Zufuhr eines Fluides über den Fluidzufuhrkanal an der Hülse ein Drehmoment um den Kurbelzapfen erzeugt. Das heißt, dass die für eine Veränderung der wirksamen Länge der Pleuelstange notwendige Drehung der Hülse um den Kurbelzapfen durch die gezielte Zufuhr eines Fluides über den Fluidzufuhrkanal aktiv ausgeführt bzw. unterstützt werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Kurbelwelle ist somit nicht darauf angewiesen, dass die Drehung der Hülse nach Freigabe der Arretierung aufgrund der wirkenden Kräfte von allein auftritt, sondern diese Drehung kann aktiv und in eine vorgegebene Richtung vorgenommen werden.According to another development of the invention, the Crankshaft at least one to the outer surface of the crankpin (and thus to the inner surface of the sleeve) leading fluid supply channel on, and the sleeve is like this on its inner surface shaped that the supply of a fluid through the fluid supply channel a torque is generated around the crank pin on the sleeve. That is, effective for a change Length of the connecting rod necessary rotation of the sleeve around the Crank pin by the targeted supply of a fluid over the Fluid supply channel can be actively executed or supported can. The crankshaft according to the invention is therefore not on it instructed that the rotation of the sleeve after release of the lock occurs on its own due to the acting forces, but this rotation can be active and in a predetermined Direction.

Für eine Formgebung der Hülse an ihrer Innenfläche, die zu dem gewünschten Drehmoment bei Zufuhr eines Fluides führt, gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten. Insbesondere kann die Hülse an ihrer Innenfläche eine umlaufende Sägezahnform aufweisen, wobei die Sägezähne radial verlaufen. Bei Zufuhr eines Fluides in die asymmetrischen Aussparungen zwischen den Sägezähnen werden verschieden große Kraftkomponenten in die positive und die negative Umlaufrichtung erzeugt, wodurch im Gesamtergebnis der gewünschte Vortrieb in einer Umlaufrichtung entsteht. For a shaping of the sleeve on its inner surface, which too leads to the desired torque when a fluid is supplied, there are different options. In particular, the Sleeve have an all-round sawtooth shape on their inner surface, the saw teeth running radially. When feeding one Fluids in the asymmetrical recesses between the Saw teeth are power components of different sizes in the positive and the negative direction of rotation generated, whereby in Overall result of the desired advance in one direction of rotation arises.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der zuletzt genannten Ausführungsform weist die Kurbelwelle einen Fluidabflusskanal auf, über welchen Fluid abgeführt werden kann, das der Innenfläche der Hülse über den oben genannten Fluidzufuhrkanal zugeführt wurde. Das Fluid wird somit in einer Strömung über den Fluidzufuhrkanal und die Innenfläche der Hülse in den Fluidabflusskanal geleitet, wobei es vorzugsweise in einem Kreislauf geführt werden kann. Auf seinem Weg zwischen Fluidzufuhrkanal und Fluidabflusskanal tritt das Fluid in Wechselwirkung mit der Hülse und ruft dort das gewünschte Drehmoment hervor.According to a development of the last-mentioned embodiment the crankshaft has a fluid drain channel which fluid can be removed, which the inner surface of the Sleeve was supplied via the above-mentioned fluid supply channel. The fluid is thus in a flow via the fluid supply channel and the inner surface of the sleeve into the fluid drainage channel passed, preferably in a circuit can be performed. On its way between the fluid supply channel and fluid drainage channel, the fluid interacts with the sleeve and calls the desired torque there out.

Die Kurbelwelle enthält vorzugsweise zwei um 180° versetzt am Kurbelzapfen angeordnete Verriegelungselemente. Die Anordnung "am Kurbelzapfen" beinhaltet dabei, dass die Verriegelungselemente im Kurbelzapfen selbst oder an dessen Rand, das heißt in den sogenannten Wangen der Kurbelwelle, angeordnet sind, von wo sie in die Verriegelungsausnehmung an der Hülse eingreifen können. Vorzugsweise ist dabei nur eine einzige Verriegelungsausnehmung an der Hülse vorgesehen, so dass zu einem gegebenen Zeitpunkt immer nur eines der Verriegelungselemente in diese Ausnehmung eingreifen kann. Da sich die Verriegelungselemente um 180° gegenüberliegen, ist mit ihnen eine entsprechende Verriegelung von zwei zueinander um 180° gedrehten Positionen der Hülse möglich. Dabei wird die Anordnung der Ausnehmung an der Hülse und der Verriegelungselemente vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass in den verriegelten Positionen jeweils die maximal mögliche beziehungsweise minimal mögliche wirksame Länge der Pleuelstange erzielt wird.The crankshaft preferably contains two offset by 180 ° Crank pin arranged locking elements. The order "on the crank pin" means that the locking elements in the crank pin itself or on its edge, the means in the so-called cheeks of the crankshaft, arranged are from where they are in the locking recess on the sleeve can intervene. Preferably there is only one Locking recess provided on the sleeve, so that too only one of the locking elements at any given time can engage in this recess. Since the Locking elements are 180 ° opposite, is with them a corresponding locking of two to each other by 180 ° rotated positions of the sleeve possible. The arrangement the recess on the sleeve and the locking elements preferably chosen so that in the locked Positions the maximum possible or minimum possible effective length of the connecting rod is achieved.

Zur effizienten Unterbringung der Zufuhrleitungen zu den Verriegelungselementen und gegebenenfalls des Fluidzufuhrkanals weist die Kurbelwelle vorzugsweise eine entlang ihrer Erstreckung laufende Innenbohrung auf, in welcher separate Kanäle für die oben genannten Leitungen angeordnet sind.For efficient storage of the supply lines to the locking elements and optionally the fluid supply channel the crankshaft preferably has one along its extension running inner bore in which separate channels are arranged for the above lines.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung mit Hilfe der Figuren beispielhaft erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Querschnitt durch die für die Erfindung wesentlichen Teile einer Kurbelwelle;
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Darstellung der Hülse der Kurbelwelle von Figur 1;
Fig. 3
eine Aufsicht auf den Rand der Hülse aus der Richtung III von Figur 1.
The invention is explained below by way of example with the aid of the figures. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic cross section through the essential for the invention parts of a crankshaft;
Fig. 2
a perspective view of the sleeve of the crankshaft of Figure 1;
Fig. 3
a top view of the edge of the sleeve from the direction III of Figure 1.

In Figur 1 ist in einem Querschnitt schematisch ein Teil einer Kurbelwelle dargestellt. Die Kurbelwelle besteht in an sich bekannter Weise aus Wellenzapfen 1, welche konzentrisch zur Drehachse A der Kurbelwelle liegen, sowie aus exzentrisch bezüglich der Drehachse A angeordneten zylindrischen Kurbelzapfen 11. Die Kurbelzapfen 11 und die Wellenzapfen 1 sind über Kurbelwangen 13 verbunden, welche durch ihre Form und Materialverteilung für eine symmetrische, ausgewuchtete Gewichtsverteilung bezüglich der Drehachse A sorgen. Der in Figur 1 dargestellte Ausschnitt der Kurbelwelle ist für jeden Zylinder des zugeordneten Verbrennungsmotors vorgesehen, wobei die entsprechenden Kurbelzapfen jedoch relativ zueinander einen Winkelversatz um die Drehachse A aufweisen.In Figure 1 is a part of a schematic in a cross section Crankshaft shown. The crankshaft is in is known from shaft journal 1, which is concentric to the axis of rotation A of the crankshaft, and from eccentric arranged with respect to the axis of rotation A cylindrical crank pin 11. The crank pin 11 and the shaft pin 1 are connected via crank webs 13, which by their shape and Material distribution for a symmetrical, balanced weight distribution with respect to the axis of rotation A. The one in figure 1 shown section of the crankshaft is for everyone Cylinder of the associated internal combustion engine is provided, wherein the corresponding crank pins, however, relative to each other have an angular offset about the axis of rotation A.

Um den Kurbelzapfen 11 herum ist das Ende einer Pleuelstange (nicht dargestellt) drehbeweglich angeordnet, wobei das andere Ende der Pleuelstange gelenkig mit dem Kolben des Motors verbunden ist. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kurbelwelle erfolgt die Lagerung der Pleuelstange auf dem Kurbelzapfen 11 über eine zwischengeschaltete Hülse 10. Diese weist die Besonderheit auf, dass ihre zylindrische Innenfläche, mit der sie auf dem Kurbelzapfen 11 gelagert ist, gegenüber der ebenfalls zylindrischen Außenfläche exzentrisch versetzt ist. In der Darstellung von Figur 1 äußert sich dies darin, dass die Hülse 10 im oberen Schnitt eine größere Dicke aufweist als im unteren Schnitt. Durch eine Drehung der Hülse 10 um den Kurbelzapfen 11 kann somit die Lage der effektiven Drehachse einer aufgesetzten Pleuelstange und damit der wirksame Hub der Kurbelwelle sowie die Lage des oberen Totpunktes des Kolbens im Motor verändert werden. Hierdurch lässt sich wiederum das Kompressionsverhältnis im Hubraum des Motors variieren, da sich je nach Position der Hülse 10 das Volumen der Brennkammer im Zylinder erhöht oder verringert.Around the crank pin 11 is the end of a connecting rod (not shown) rotatably arranged, the other End of the connecting rod articulated with the piston of the engine connected is. In the crankshaft according to the invention the bearing of the connecting rod on the crank pin 11 over an intermediate sleeve 10. This has the special feature on that their cylindrical inner surface with which they are on the crank pin 11 is mounted, opposite the also cylindrical Outside surface is offset eccentrically. In the illustration of Figure 1, this is expressed in that the sleeve 10 has a greater thickness in the upper section than in lower cut. By rotating the sleeve 10 around the crank pin 11 can thus the position of the effective axis of rotation attached connecting rod and thus the effective stroke of the Crankshaft and the position of the top dead center of the piston be changed in the engine. This in turn can do that Compression ratio in the engine displacement vary because depending on the position of the sleeve 10, the volume of the combustion chamber increased or decreased in the cylinder.

Damit sich die drehbar auf dem Wellenzapfen 11 angeordnete Hülse 10 zur Einstellung eines gewünschten wirksamen Hubes der Kurbelwelle in bestimmten Positionen arretieren lässt, sind die Verriegelungselemente 7 und 14 vorgesehen. Diese Verriegelungselemente sind in der Kurbelwelle angeordnet, und zwar bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 insbesondere in einer der Wangen 13, die den Wellenzapfen 1 mit dem Kurbelzapfen 11 verbindet.So that the rotatably arranged on the shaft journal 11 Sleeve 10 for setting a desired effective stroke the crankshaft can be locked in certain positions, the locking elements 7 and 14 are provided. This Locking elements are arranged in the crankshaft, and in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in particular in one the cheeks 13, the shaft journal 1 with the crank pin 11 connects.

Die Hülse 10 weist an ihrem den Verriegelungselementen 7, 14 zugewandten Rand eine Ausnehmung 8 auf (vgl. Figuren 2 und 3), in welche die Verriegelungselemente eingreifen können. Bei der in Figur 1 dargestellten Situation greift in diese Ausnehmung 8 das radial außen gelegene Verriegelungselement 7 ein. Durch diesen Eingriff wird die Drehung der Hülse 10 um den Kurbelzapfen 11 blockiert. In der Grundfunktion bei nicht laufendem Motor ist der federbelastete Kolben von dem Verriegelungselement 7 wie in Figur 1 dargestellt in Eingriff mit der Ausnehmung 8 in der Hülse 10. Das gegenüber gelegene zweite Verriegelungselement 14 wird durch eine Feder in gegensätzliche Richtung vorgespannt, so dass sein Kolben von der Hülse 10 weggezogen wird. Da die Hülse 10 nur eine einzige Ausnehmung 8 hat, kann zu gegebener Zeit immer nur eines der beiden Verriegelungselemente 7 oder 14 in diese eingreifen.The sleeve 10 has the locking elements 7, 14 on it facing edge a recess 8 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) in which the locking elements can engage. In the situation shown in FIG. 1, this intervenes Recess 8 the radially outer locking element 7 on. This engagement turns the sleeve 10 around blocked the crank pin 11. In the basic function at not running engine is the spring-loaded piston of the locking element 7 as shown in Figure 1 in engagement with the recess 8 in the sleeve 10. The opposite second locking element 14 is opposed by a spring Biased direction so that its piston of the sleeve 10 is pulled away. Since the sleeve 10 is only a single one Recess 8 has only one at a time of the two locking elements 7 or 14 engage in them.

Um die Verriegelungselemente 7 und 14 aus ihren durch Federn vorgespannte Ruhepositionen heraus umzuschalten, ist ein zweiter Kolben mit dem ersten Kolben über eine Stange verbunden (nicht dargestellt). Der zweite Kolben kann mit einem dem Verriegelungselement zugeführten Öldruck beaufschlagt werden, woraufhin er über die Stange einen Zug auf den anderen Kolben ausübt und diesen bei hinreichend großem Druck aus seiner Ruhestellung herausbewegt. Auf diese Weise kann ausgehend von der Situation nach Figur 1 der Kolben des äußeren Verriegelungselementes 7 außer Eingriff mit der Ausnehmung 8 an der Hülse 10 gebracht werden, so dass sich die Hülse 10 um den Kurbelzapfen 11 drehen kann. Nach Ausführung einer Drehung um 180° kommt die Ausnehmung 8 vor dem radial inneren Verriegelungselement 14 zu liegen, dessen Kolben dann durch einen entsprechenden hydraulischen Druck in Eingriff mit der Ausnehmung 8 gebracht werden kann. Danach ist die Hülse 10 in ihrer zweiten Position relativ zum Kurbelzapfen 11 verriegelt, wodurch das andere Extremum (in Fig. 1 das Minimum) des wirksamen Hubes der Kurbelwelle eingestellt wird.To the locking elements 7 and 14 from their by springs Switching biased rest positions out is a second piston connected to the first piston via a rod (not shown). The second piston can with one Locking element supplied oil pressure are applied whereupon he pulled a pull on the other piston exercises and this with sufficient pressure from its rest position moved out. In this way, starting from the situation of Figure 1, the piston of the outer locking element 7 out of engagement with the recess 8 on the Sleeve 10 are brought so that the sleeve 10 around the Crank pin 11 can rotate. After turning around The recess 8 comes 180 ° in front of the radially inner locking element 14 to lie, the piston then by a corresponding hydraulic pressure in engagement with the recess 8 can be brought. Then the sleeve is 10 in locked in their second position relative to the crank pin 11, whereby the other extremum (in Fig. 1 the minimum) of the effective stroke of the crankshaft is set.

Zur hydraulischen Betätigung der Verriegelungselemente 7 und 14 sind Zufuhrleitungen 2, 4 für ein Hydrauliköl vorgesehen, welche sich entlang der Kurbelwelle durch diese hindurch erstrecken. Von den beiden Zufuhrleitungen 2 und 4 zweigen bei bei jedem Zylinder Leitungen 5 beziehungsweise 15 ab, welche das entsprechende Verriegelungselement 7 beziehungsweise 14 mit Hydrauliköl aus der Hauptleitung versorgen. Über den Öldruck in den Zufuhrleitungen 2 und 4 können somit die Verriegelungselemente 7 und 14 gezielt betätigt werden. Damit lässt sich dann über eine Drehung der Hülse 10 das Kompressionsverhältnis des Motors gemäß der Motordrehzahl und Motorbelastung einstellen.For hydraulic actuation of the locking elements 7 and 14 supply lines 2, 4 are provided for a hydraulic oil, which extend through the crankshaft through it. From the two supply lines 2 and 4 branches at for each cylinder lines 5 and 15, respectively the corresponding locking element 7 or 14 Supply with hydraulic oil from the main line. About the oil pressure in the supply lines 2 and 4 can thus Locking elements 7 and 14 can be operated selectively. In order to can then by rotating the sleeve 10 Compression ratio of the engine according to the engine speed and Adjust engine load.

In Figur 1 ist ferner ein weiterer Ölkanal 3 erkennbar, welcher parallel zu den Kanälen 2 und 4 entlang der Erstreckung der Kurbelwelle verläuft. Dieser Kanal 3 ist über eine Leitung 12 mit der Außenfläche des Kurbelzapfens 11 verbunden, so dass hierüber der Lagerfläche der Hülse 10 auf dem Kurbelzapfen 11 Schmieröl zugeführt werden kann.In Figure 1, another oil channel 3 can be seen, which parallel to channels 2 and 4 along the extension the crankshaft runs. This channel 3 is via a line 12 connected to the outer surface of the crank pin 11, so that the bearing surface of the sleeve 10 on the crank pin 11 lubricating oil can be supplied.

Insbesondere kann jedoch auch über diesen Kanal ein Fluid, vorzugsweise Öl, derart der Innenfläche der Hülse 10 zugeführt werden, dass dort ein Drehmoment um die Achse des Lagerzapfens 11 herum erzeugt wird. Dieses Drehmoment kann eine gewünschte Drehung der Hülse in deren nicht arretiertem Zustand unterstützen beziehungsweise erzeugen. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Innenfläche der Hülse 10 in geeigneter Weise ausgestaltet, z.B. indem sie eine umlaufende sägezahnförmige Kontur mit Kammern 9 aufweist (siehe Figuren 2 und 3). Nach Durchlaufen der Kammern 9 wird das zugeführte Fluid über einen Kanal 6 in der Wange 13 der Kurbelwelle abgeführt. Da es sich bei dem Fluid vorzugsweise um ein Schmieröl handelt, kann der Kanal 6 frei im Außenraum der Kurbelwelle enden.In particular, however, a fluid, preferably oil, such as the inner surface of the sleeve 10 is supplied that there is a torque around the axis of the trunnion 11 is generated around. This torque can be a desired rotation of the sleeve in its unlocked state support or generate. To this end the inner surface of the sleeve 10 is configured in a suitable manner, e.g. by creating a circular sawtooth contour with chambers 9 (see Figures 2 and 3). After going through of the chambers 9, the fluid supplied is via a channel 6 dissipated in the cheek 13 of the crankshaft. Since it is the fluid is preferably a lubricating oil, the Channel 6 ends freely in the outer space of the crankshaft.

In der Kurbelwelle sind somit zwei unabhängige Ölkanäle integriert, um Öl separat den Lagerungen und den Steuerungsventilen 7, 14 zuzuleiten. Das Öl kann über die Hauptlager der Lagerhülse ebenso wie über eine eingegossene Röhre in der Kurbelwelle an der Vorderseite der Kurbelwelle zugeführt werden. Die lokalen Verbindungen für die Hülsen und die Steuerungsventile werden für jeden Verbraucher gebohrt. Die Ölversorgung an der Vorderseite der Kurbelwelle beim Eingang in die Kurbelwelle muss lediglich mit einem einfachen Dichtungsring abgedichtet werden. Für eine einfache Installation und Herstellung werden die Steuerungsventile 7 und 14 vorzugsweise in zwei longitudinalen Bohrungen in der Kurbelwelle angeordnet.Two independent oil channels are thus integrated in the crankshaft, to separate oil from the bearings and control valves 7, 14 to forward. The oil can go through the main bearings the bearing sleeve as well as a cast tube in the Crankshaft are fed to the front of the crankshaft. The local connections for the sleeves and the control valves are drilled for every consumer. The oil supply at the front of the crankshaft when entering the crankshaft only needs a simple sealing ring be sealed. For easy installation and Manufacturing the control valves 7 and 14 are preferred arranged in two longitudinal bores in the crankshaft.

Das Steuerventil 7, 14 ist eine zweiseitige Kolbenanordnung mit Rückholfeder. Das Ventil besteht aus einer geraden Röhre mit einer Öffnung zwischen den Kolben. Die Röhre verbessert die Anordnung des Ventils in der Kurbelwelle. Zur Fixierung der Röhre kann zusätzlich ein kleiner Zapfen vertikal in die Wange eingeführt werden, welcher die Verdrehung der Röhre in der Bohrung verhindert. Die zwei Kolben eines Ventils sind durch eine Stange verbunden. Sie werden geschweißt, hartgelötet oder gestanzt.The control valve 7, 14 is a two-sided piston arrangement with return spring. The valve consists of a straight tube with an opening between the pistons. The tube improved the arrangement of the valve in the crankshaft. For fixation A small spigot can be inserted vertically into the tube Cheek, which is the twisting of the tube in the bore prevented. The two pistons of a valve are connected by a rod. They are welded, brazed or punched.

Die Kontrolle des Ölflusses zu den Steuerungsventilen 7, 14 wird vorzugsweise über elektromagnetische Ventile vorgenommen. Der Öldruck wird von einer vergrößerten Ölpumpe oder einer dualen Ölpumpe erzeugt.The control of the oil flow to the control valves 7, 14 is preferably carried out via electromagnetic valves. The oil pressure is increased by an oil pump or a dual oil pump.

In Figur 2 ist die Hülse 10 perspektivisch dargestellt. Zu erkennen ist ein sich radial erstreckender Flansch der Hülse 10, welcher die halbkreisförmige Ausnehmung 8 sowie an seiner Innenseite einen sägezahnförmigen Verlauf mit asymmetrischen Kammern 9 aufweist. Die Ausnehmung 8 kann an einer Seite eine Rampe 16 aufweisen, welche über eine gewisse Länge verteilt eine stetige Verdünnung des Flansches zur Ausnehmung 8 hin beinhaltet. Durch die Rampe 16 kann sich ein gegen den Flansch drückendes Verriegelungselement bei einer Drehung der Hülse 10 über einen längeren Bereich hinweg axial in Richtung der Ausnehmung verschieben, so dass es nicht auf einen Schlag in dem Moment einrasten muss, in dem ihm die Ausnehmung 8 genau gegenübersteht.In Figure 2, the sleeve 10 is shown in perspective. To A radially extending flange of the sleeve can be seen 10, which the semicircular recess 8 as well a sawtooth-shaped course with asymmetrical inside Has chambers 9. The recess 8 can at one Side have a ramp 16, which over a certain length distributes a constant thinning of the flange to the recess 8 includes. Through the ramp 16 against one another the locking element pressing the flange upon rotation the sleeve 10 axially in over a longer area Move towards the recess so that it is not on one Must snap into place at the moment when the recess 8 faces exactly.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Aufsicht aus der Blickrichtung III von Figur 1. Dabei ist ein Stück des Flansches der Hülse 10 sowie ein Teilschnitt durch den Wellenzapfen 11 zu sehen. Zu erkennen ist insbesondere, dass der Fluidzufuhrkanal 12, welcher im Wellenzapfen 11 ausgebildet ist, zu einer Kammer 9 an der Innenseite der Hülse 10 führt. Bei Einleitung eines Fluides wie insbesondere eines Öles über den Zufuhrkanal 12 wird aufgrund der Form der Kammer 9 in Umfangsrichtung ein asymmetrischer Druck erzeugt, welcher zu einem Nettodrehmoment (in Figur 3 gegen Uhrzeigerrichtung, vgl. Pfeil) führt. Wenn die Hülse entriegelt ist, kann über dieses Drehmoment eine aktive Drehung der Hülse 10 um den Kurbelzapfen 11 erzeugt werden.FIG. 3 shows a top view from viewing direction III of FIG 1. Here is a piece of the flange of the sleeve 10 as well to see a partial section through the shaft journal 11. To recognize is in particular that the fluid supply channel 12, which is formed in the shaft journal 11 to a chamber 9 on the Inside of the sleeve 10 leads. When introducing a fluid such as in particular an oil via the feed channel 12 is due to the shape of the chamber 9 in the circumferential direction is asymmetrical Generates pressure which results in a net torque (in FIG 3 counterclockwise, cf. Arrow) leads. If the Sleeve is unlocked, this torque can be active Rotation of the sleeve 10 about the crank pin 11 are generated.

Weiterhin ist in Figur 3 gestrichelt die Lage des Fluidabflusskanals 6 angedeutet. Über diesen Kanal 6 kann das über den Zufuhrkanal 12 einer Kammer 9 zugeführte Fluid nach einer Weiterdrehung der Hülse in Pfeilrichtung wieder abfließen.The position of the fluid drainage channel is also shown in broken lines in FIG 6 indicated. This can be done via this channel 6 the supply channel 12 to a chamber 9 supplied fluid a further rotation of the sleeve in the direction of the arrow.

Claims (8)

Kurbelwelle für eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, enthaltend einen Kurbelzapfen (11) sowie eine auf dem Kurbelzapfen mit ihrer zylindrischen Innenfläche drehbar gelagerte exzentrische Hülse (10), wobei die Hülse mindestens eine Verriegelungsausnehmung (8) aufweist, in welche ein Verriegelungselement eingreifen kann, um die Drehbarkeit der Hülse um den Kurbelzapfen aufzuheben,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verriegelungselement (7, 14) an der Kurbelwelle angeordnet ist, und dass die Kurbelwelle Ansteuerungsmittel (2, 4, 5, 15) für die Betätigung des Verriegelungselementes enthält.
Crankshaft for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, comprising a crank pin (11) and an eccentric sleeve (10) rotatably mounted on the crank pin with its cylindrical inner surface, the sleeve having at least one locking recess (8) into which a locking element can engage in order to ensure the rotatability of the Sleeve to pick up the crank pin,
characterized in that the locking element (7, 14) is arranged on the crankshaft, and that the crankshaft contains control means (2, 4, 5, 15) for actuating the locking element.
Kurbelwelle nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verriegelungselemente (7, 14) hydraulisch betätigbar und die Ansteuerungsmittel Zufuhrleitungen (2, 4, 5, 15) für ein Hydraulikmittel sind.
Crankshaft according to claim 1,
characterized in that the locking elements (7, 14) can be actuated hydraulically and the control means are feed lines (2, 4, 5, 15) for a hydraulic medium.
Kurbelwelle nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verriegelungselemente (7, 14) mechanisch in eine Ruheposition vorgespannt sind und bei Anwendung eines hydraulischen Druckes aus der Ruheposition heraus bewegt werden können.
Crankshaft according to claim 2,
characterized in that the locking elements (7, 14) are mechanically biased into a rest position and can be moved out of the rest position when hydraulic pressure is applied.
Kurbelwelle nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens einen zur Außenfläche des Kurbelzapfens (11) führenden Fluidzufuhrkanal (3, 12) aufweist, und dass die Hülse (10) an ihrer Innenfläche so geformt ist, dass die Zufuhr eines Fluides über den Fluidzufuhrkanal an der Hülse ein Drehmoment um den Kurbelzapfen erzeugt.
Crankshaft according to at least one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that it has at least one fluid supply channel (3, 12) leading to the outer surface of the crank pin (11), and in that the sleeve (10) is shaped on its inner surface such that the supply of a fluid via the fluid supply channel to the sleeve generates a torque generated around the crank pin.
Kurbelwelle nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hülse (10) an ihrer Innenfläche umlaufend eine radiale Sägezahnform aufweist.
Crankshaft according to claim 4,
characterized in that the sleeve (10) has a radial sawtooth shape all around on its inner surface.
Kurbelwelle nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Fluidabflusskanal (6) aufweist, über welchen Fluid abgeführt werden kann, das der Innenfläche der Hülse über den Fluidzufuhrkanal (3, 12) zugeführt wurde.
Crankshaft according to one of claims 4 or 5,
characterized in that it has a fluid drainage channel (6), via which fluid can be discharged, which was supplied to the inner surface of the sleeve via the fluid supply channel (3, 12).
Kurbelwelle nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zwei um 180° versetzt am Kurbelzapfen (11) angeordnete Verriegelungselemente (7, 14) enthält, welche alternierend in eine Verriegelungsausnehmung (8) an der Hülse (10) eingreifen können.
Crankshaft according to at least one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that it contains two locking elements (7, 14) arranged on the crank pin (11) offset by 180 °, which can alternately engage in a locking recess (8) on the sleeve (10).
Kurbelwelle nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine entlang der Kurbelwelle verlaufende Innenbohrung aufweist, in welcher separate Kanäle (2, 3, 4) für Zufuhrleitungen zu den Verriegelungselementen (7, 14), für einen Fluidzufuhrkanal (12) oder dergleichen angeordnet sind.
Crankshaft according to at least one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that it has an inner bore running along the crankshaft, in which separate channels (2, 3, 4) for supply lines to the locking elements (7, 14), for a fluid supply channel (12) or the like are arranged.
EP00124773A 2000-11-14 2000-11-14 Variable compression ratio mechanism with two hydraulically operated valves in the crank shaft Expired - Lifetime EP1205652B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00124773A EP1205652B1 (en) 2000-11-14 2000-11-14 Variable compression ratio mechanism with two hydraulically operated valves in the crank shaft
DE50007398T DE50007398D1 (en) 2000-11-14 2000-11-14 Variable compression ratio, two valves actuated by oil pressure in the crankshaft
US10/008,205 US6510822B2 (en) 2000-11-14 2001-11-08 Crankshaft for a reciprocating internal combustion engine
JP2001347545A JP2002195242A (en) 2000-11-14 2001-11-13 Crankshaft for reciprocating combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00124773A EP1205652B1 (en) 2000-11-14 2000-11-14 Variable compression ratio mechanism with two hydraulically operated valves in the crank shaft

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1205652A1 true EP1205652A1 (en) 2002-05-15
EP1205652B1 EP1205652B1 (en) 2004-08-11

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ID=8170361

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00124773A Expired - Lifetime EP1205652B1 (en) 2000-11-14 2000-11-14 Variable compression ratio mechanism with two hydraulically operated valves in the crank shaft

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6510822B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1205652B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002195242A (en)
DE (1) DE50007398D1 (en)

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DE10309651A1 (en) * 2003-03-06 2004-09-23 Daimlerchrysler Ag Reciprocating piston IC engine e.g. for automobile, has eccentric used for adjusting piston stroke selectively locked relative to crankshaft pin by hydraulically-controlled locking element
DE102010061361A1 (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-04-26 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Reversing valve for controlling fluid flow in e.g. petrol engine of person motor car, has switching mechanism for shifting valve from one position into another position by predetermined actuating pressure depending on oil pressure
DE102010061362A1 (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-06-21 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Reversing valve for controlling engine oil flow in spark ignition petrol engine of passenger motor car, has switching mechanism for shifting valve between switching positions using pressure that is generated by pressure generating device
EP2907986A1 (en) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-19 Gomecsys B.V. A four-stroke internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio
CN105240070A (en) * 2015-10-13 2016-01-13 宁波高新区金杉新能源科技有限公司 Variable displacement timing device for engine and operating manner of variable displacement timing device
WO2017097936A1 (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-15 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Internal combustion engine

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JP6376170B2 (en) 2016-05-02 2018-08-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Variable compression ratio internal combustion engine
JP6601444B2 (en) * 2017-03-09 2019-11-06 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Variable compression ratio mechanism
FR3081525B1 (en) * 2018-05-25 2020-05-08 MCE 5 Development CRANKSHAFT FOR A VARIABLE PILOT VOLUMETRIC ENGINE
US10989108B2 (en) 2018-07-31 2021-04-27 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for a variable compression engine
DE102020002457A1 (en) * 2020-04-23 2020-06-10 FEV Group GmbH Connecting rod of an internal combustion engine for changing a compression ratio

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Cited By (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10309651A1 (en) * 2003-03-06 2004-09-23 Daimlerchrysler Ag Reciprocating piston IC engine e.g. for automobile, has eccentric used for adjusting piston stroke selectively locked relative to crankshaft pin by hydraulically-controlled locking element
DE102010061361A1 (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-04-26 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Reversing valve for controlling fluid flow in e.g. petrol engine of person motor car, has switching mechanism for shifting valve from one position into another position by predetermined actuating pressure depending on oil pressure
DE102010061362A1 (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-06-21 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Reversing valve for controlling engine oil flow in spark ignition petrol engine of passenger motor car, has switching mechanism for shifting valve between switching positions using pressure that is generated by pressure generating device
DE102010061361B4 (en) 2010-12-20 2022-04-14 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Changeover valve and internal combustion engine with such a changeover valve and method for controlling the changeover valve
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DE102010061362B4 (en) 2010-12-20 2022-12-22 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Changeover valve and internal combustion engine with such a changeover valve
EP2907986A1 (en) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-19 Gomecsys B.V. A four-stroke internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio
WO2015124565A1 (en) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-27 Gomecsys B.V. A four-stroke internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio
US10100726B2 (en) 2014-02-18 2018-10-16 Gomecsys B.V. Four-stroke internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio
CN105240070A (en) * 2015-10-13 2016-01-13 宁波高新区金杉新能源科技有限公司 Variable displacement timing device for engine and operating manner of variable displacement timing device
CN105240070B (en) * 2015-10-13 2018-07-24 宁波高新区金杉新能源科技有限公司 A kind of engine variable discharge capacity advance/retard mechanism and its function mode
WO2017097936A1 (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-15 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Internal combustion engine

Also Published As

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JP2002195242A (en) 2002-07-10
US6510822B2 (en) 2003-01-28
US20020056340A1 (en) 2002-05-16
EP1205652B1 (en) 2004-08-11
DE50007398D1 (en) 2004-09-16

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