EP1110034B1 - Burner arrangement with primary and secondary pilot burners - Google Patents
Burner arrangement with primary and secondary pilot burners Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1110034B1 EP1110034B1 EP99952372A EP99952372A EP1110034B1 EP 1110034 B1 EP1110034 B1 EP 1110034B1 EP 99952372 A EP99952372 A EP 99952372A EP 99952372 A EP99952372 A EP 99952372A EP 1110034 B1 EP1110034 B1 EP 1110034B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- outlet openings
- main
- arrangement according
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
- F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/34—Feeding into different combustion zones
- F23R3/343—Pilot flames, i.e. fuel nozzles or injectors using only a very small proportion of the total fuel to insure continuous combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2206/00—Burners for specific applications
- F23D2206/10—Turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
- F23D2209/10—Flame flashback
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
- F23D2209/20—Flame lift-off / stability
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00014—Pilot burners specially adapted for ignition of main burners in furnaces or gas turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00015—Pilot burners specially adapted for low load or transient conditions, e.g. for increasing stability
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a burner arrangement for a furnace, in particular a gas turbine combustion chamber with a main burner and one centrally located in it primary pilot burner used to ignite and / or stabilize serves to burn the main burner.
- Burner arrangements of the generic type are often different Fuels and different modes of operation, taking into account increasingly stringent regulations worldwide great efforts to emit pollutants there to improve the arrangements and operations so that pollutant emissions are reduced.
- Particularly environmentally friendly burners with low emissions NOx are from EP 0 108 361 B1 and EP 0 193 838 B1 known. Since the present invention is a further training Just such a burner goes on the content full reference to these two writings.
- DE 196 10 930 A1 discloses a burner for a heat generator.
- a burner consisting essentially of one Swirl generator for a combustion air flow and from means for injecting a fuel into the combustion air flow there is a mixing section downstream of the swirl generator mentioned arranged.
- This mixing section points within one first section a number of running in the direction of flow Transition channels that the seamless flyover the flow formed in the swirl generator into a downstream one Ensure the mixing tube.
- the exit level of this Mixing tube to the combustion chamber is formed with a closing edge which one of the stabilization and enlargement itself backflow zone depicting the current.
- Concentric to Mixing section is provided a number of mixing elements, which the formation of a mixture of combustion air and one Serve fuel. This mixture from the respective mixing element then forms a pilot stage of the combustion chamber.
- the object of the present invention is in the known Burner arrangements provide greater combustion stabilization to create and thus a hum of the furnace due to unstable combustion and the flame striking back to avoid parts of a burner.
- Such a burner arrangement for a furnace, in particular a gas turbine combustor has a main burner and a primary pilot burner centrally located therein to ignite and / or stabilize the combustion the main burner.
- a primary pilot burner centrally located therein to ignite and / or stabilize the combustion the main burner.
- Details of such burners, the because of the different ways of operating and fuel supply also called hybrid burners are, for example, in EP 0 108 361 B1 and EP 0 193 838 B1.
- Burner arrangement now additionally with a secondary pilot burner equipped this in the outlet area of the Main burner has a plurality of outlet openings. Through fuel emerging from these outlet openings or a mixture of air and fuel forms a wreath of flame that exits from the main burner Flame surrounds approximately in a ring and this additionally stabilized.
- the secondary can Pilot burners contribute to external stabilization without that Principle of combustion with recirculation like the burners according to the state of the art, have a negative influence.
- the important thing for stable combustion in the flame of the burner outer reciculation area is through the secondary pilot burner even reinforced.
- the secondary pilot burner is particularly preferred in the outlet area of the main burner circumferential ring channel formed, which is connected to a fuel feed line and communicates with the outlet openings.
- the circulating Ring channel surrounds the outlet area of the main burner quasi like a collar in which the outlet openings are arranged are, preferably inwards towards the center of the outlet area.
- the lower ring channel acts like a resonance chamber, so that the amount of fuel flowing out at the outlet openings is influenced by the external pressure, which is appropriate Design and dimensioning of this lower ring channel Pressure fluctuations, for example when the burner arrangement hums, has a strong dampening effect.
- the outlet openings can preferably be approximately equidistantly in the form of a ring in the outlet area of the main burner be arranged. This arrangement is symmetrical all sides and leads to an all-round uniform Stabilization.
- outlet openings Leeway There is also a wider one with regard to the shape of the outlet openings Leeway.
- the invention is particularly preferred round or oval outlet openings that are particularly easy to manufacture are.
- the outlet openings can also have a polygonal border, in particular the shape of a Triangle with tip pointing in the direction of gas flow.
- the burner arrangement with the secondary pilot burner is according to the invention designed so that between 0 and 10% of the at Base load of the amount of fuel required by the burner arrangement the outlet openings can be fed, in particular in the form of Fuel gas.
- the according to the invention now supported by the secondary pilot burner will increase accordingly in its fuel supply throttle to total the amount of fuel that is by the pilot burner being fed does not increase excessively.
- the main burner and the primary pilot burner in Premix mode, diffusion mode or mixed mode can be operated from both operating modes, the Main burner and the primary pilot burner also for optional Operation with liquid and gaseous fuels could be. All of these modes of operation are also at one Burner arrangement possible according to the present invention.
- the secondary pilot burner with a premixed mixture of fuel and air as To operate premix burners, which is particularly for reduction contributes to the generation of nitrogen oxides.
- a pilot burner 15 for igniting and / or Stabilization of the main flame, its combustion air through an air duct 6 is supplied.
- Fuel channel 7 Around the pilot burner 15 also as a premix burner to operate, there is also an external one Fuel channel 8.
- this known burner arrangement operate in very different modes using different fuels, which is why Burners are also referred to as hybrid burners.
- the distances of this Outlet openings can be uniform or uneven depending on the need his. Even the shapes and cross-sectional areas these outlet openings 10 are within wide limits as required variable, with evenly distributed round outlet openings 10 are preferred.
- a lower ring channel 9 on a throttle communicates with an upper ring channel 11, which again via a fuel feed line 13 and a valve 14 is supplied with fuel, preferably fuel gas. at in this embodiment, the pressure in the upper ring channel 11 approximately constant, since the main pressure loss at the throttle point 12 occurs.
- the lower ring channel 9 can external pressure vibrations partially balance in the flame of the main burner and acts as a kind of resonance chamber. Is the Pressure in the flame high, so little flows for a short time Fuel through the exhaust ports 10 of the secondary pilot burner, when the external pressure drops again, more flows Fuel gas after. This behavior dampens external vibrations and thus reduces the hum, which is caused by instabilities of the Flames can occur in a furnace.
- the present invention is particularly suitable for additional Stabilization of burner arrangements in gas turbine chambers and prevents the flame from striking back in one Burner arrangement or at least diminishes it resulting hum.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Brenneranordnung für eine Feuerungsanlage, insbesondere eine Gasturbinenbrennkammer mit einem Hauptbrenner und einem zentral darin angeordneten primären Pilotbrenner, der zum Zünden und/oder zum Stabilisieren der Verbrennung des Hauptbrenners dient.The present invention relates to a burner arrangement for a furnace, in particular a gas turbine combustion chamber with a main burner and one centrally located in it primary pilot burner used to ignite and / or stabilize serves to burn the main burner.
Brenneranordnungen der gattungsgemäßen Art sind oft für verschiedene Brennstoffe und verschiedene Betriebsweisen ausgelegt, wobei es im Hinblick auf weltweit immer strengere Bestimmungen zum Ausstoß von Schadstoffen große Anstrengungen gibt, die Anordnungen und Betriebsweisen so zu verbessern, daß der Schadstoffausstoß verringert wird.Burner arrangements of the generic type are often different Fuels and different modes of operation, taking into account increasingly stringent regulations worldwide great efforts to emit pollutants there to improve the arrangements and operations so that pollutant emissions are reduced.
Besonders umweltfreundliche Brenner mit einem geringen Ausstoß an NOx sind aus der EP 0 108 361 B1 und der EP 0 193 838 B1 bekannt. Da es bei der vorliegenden Erfindung um eine Weiterbildung gerade auch solcher Brenner geht, wird auf den Inhalt dieser beiden Schriften vollinhaltlich Bezug genommen.Particularly environmentally friendly burners with low emissions NOx are from EP 0 108 361 B1 and EP 0 193 838 B1 known. Since the present invention is a further training Just such a burner goes on the content full reference to these two writings.
Die DE 196 10 930 A1 offenbart einen Brenner für einen Wärmeerzeuger. Bei einem Brenner, der im wesentlichen aus einem Drallerzeuger für einen Verbrennungsluftstrom und aus Mitteln zur Eindüsung eines Brennstoffs in den Verbrennungsluftstrom besteht, ist stromab des erwähnten Drallerzeugers eine Mischstrecke angeordnet. Diese Mischstrecke weist innerhalb einer ersten Teilstrecke eine Anzahl von in Strömungsrichtung verlaufenden Übergangskanälen, welche die nahtlose Überführung der im Drallerzeuger gebildeten Strömung in ein nachgeschaltetes Mischrohr sicherstellen. Die Austrittsebene dieses Mischrohrs zur Brennkammer ist mit einer Abschlußkante ausgebildet, welche der Stabilisierung und Vergrößerung einer sich im Strom abbildenden Rückströmzone dient. Konzentrisch zur Mischstrecke ist eine Anzahl Mischelemente vorgesehen, welche der Bildung eines Gemischs aus Verbrennungsluft und einem Brennstoff dienen. Dieses Gemisch aus dem jeweiligen Mischelement bildet dann jeweils eine Pilotstufe der Brennkammer.DE 196 10 930 A1 discloses a burner for a heat generator. In the case of a burner consisting essentially of one Swirl generator for a combustion air flow and from means for injecting a fuel into the combustion air flow there is a mixing section downstream of the swirl generator mentioned arranged. This mixing section points within one first section a number of running in the direction of flow Transition channels that the seamless flyover the flow formed in the swirl generator into a downstream one Ensure the mixing tube. The exit level of this Mixing tube to the combustion chamber is formed with a closing edge which one of the stabilization and enlargement itself backflow zone depicting the current. Concentric to Mixing section is provided a number of mixing elements, which the formation of a mixture of combustion air and one Serve fuel. This mixture from the respective mixing element then forms a pilot stage of the combustion chamber.
Obwohl bei den bekannten Brenneranordnungen durch konstruktive Maßnahmen und die Betriebsweise kritische Zustände der Brenner weitestgehend vermieden werden können, so gibt es doch die Möglichkeit, insbesondere wenn die Brenneranordnung im Vormischbetrieb betrieben wird, d.h. wenn Brennstoff und Luft schon vor der Verbrennungszone intensiv miteinander gemischt werden, daß die Verbrennung in einer Feuerungsanlage Fluktuationen aufweist und manchmal instabil wird, was sich beispielsweise durch ein Brummen der Feuerungsanlage äußern kann. Dabei kann gelegentlich auch die Flamme in einen Teilbereich eines der Brenner zurückschlagen, was wegen dadurch verursachter Temperaturerhöhungen an Brennerbauteilen und wegen eines dabei auftretenden erhöhten Schadstoffausstoßes unerwünscht ist.Although in the known burner arrangements by constructive Measures and operation critical conditions of the Burners can be largely avoided, so there is but the possibility, especially if the burner arrangement is operated in premix mode, i.e. if fuel and Air is mixed intensively before the combustion zone be that combustion in a furnace Fluctuations and sometimes becomes unstable, which is for example by humming the firing system can. Occasionally, the flame can also enter a partial area kick back one of the burners, what because of that caused temperature increases on burner components and because of the increased pollutant emissions that occur is undesirable.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, bei den bekannten Brenneranordnungen eine stärkere Stabilisierung der Verbrennung zu schaffen und dadurch ein Brummen der Feuerungsanlage durch instabile Verbrennung und das Zurückschlagen der Flamme in Teilbereiche eines Brenners zu vermeiden.The object of the present invention is in the known Burner arrangements provide greater combustion stabilization to create and thus a hum of the furnace due to unstable combustion and the flame striking back to avoid parts of a burner.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dient eine Brenneranordnung gemäß dem Anspruch 1.A burner arrangement in accordance with FIG claim 1.
Bevorzugte und besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.Preferred and particularly advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.
Eine solche Brenneranordnung für eine Feuerungsanlage, insbesondere eine Gasturbinenbrennkammer, weist einen Hauptbrenner und einen zentral darin angeordneten primären Pilotbrenner auf, der zum Zünden und/oder zum Stabilsieren der Verbrennung des Hauptbrenners dient. Einzelheiten über solche Brenner, die wegen der unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten der Betriebsweise und Brennstoffversorgung auch Hybridbrenner genannt werden, sind zum Beispiel in der EP 0 108 361 B1 und der EP 0 193 838 B1 beschrieben. Erfindungsgemäß wird eine solche Brenneranordnung nunmehr zusätzlich mit einem sekundären Pilotbrenner ausgestattet, wobei dieser im Auslaßbereich des Hauptbrenners eine Mehrzahl von Auslaßöffnugen aufweist. Durch aus diesen Auslaßöffnungen austretenden Brennstoff beziehungsweise ein Gemisch aus Luft und Brennstoff bildet sich ein Flammenkranz, der die aus dem Hauptbrenner austretende Flamme etwa ringförmig umgibt und diese dadurch zusätzlich stabilisiert. Während der primäre Pilotbrenner zentral quasi von innen heraus die Verbrennung stützt, kann der sekundäre Pilotbrenner zur Stabilisierung von außen beitragen, ohne das Prinzip der Verbrennung mit Rezirkulation, wie es die Brenner nach dem Stand der Technik haben, negativ zu beeinflussen. Das zur stabilen Verbrennung in der Flamme des Brenners wichtige äußere Rezikulationsgebiet wird durch den sekundären Pilotbrenner sogar verstärkt.Such a burner arrangement for a furnace, in particular a gas turbine combustor has a main burner and a primary pilot burner centrally located therein to ignite and / or stabilize the combustion the main burner. Details of such burners, the because of the different ways of operating and fuel supply also called hybrid burners are, for example, in EP 0 108 361 B1 and EP 0 193 838 B1. According to the invention Burner arrangement now additionally with a secondary pilot burner equipped, this in the outlet area of the Main burner has a plurality of outlet openings. Through fuel emerging from these outlet openings or a mixture of air and fuel forms a wreath of flame that exits from the main burner Flame surrounds approximately in a ring and this additionally stabilized. While the primary pilot burner is basically central supports the combustion from the inside, the secondary can Pilot burners contribute to external stabilization without that Principle of combustion with recirculation like the burners according to the state of the art, have a negative influence. The important thing for stable combustion in the flame of the burner outer reciculation area is through the secondary pilot burner even reinforced.
Besonders bevorzugt ist der sekundäre Pilotbrenner durch einen im Auslaßbereich des Hauptbrenners umlaufenden Ringkanal ausgebildet, der mit einer Brennstoffzuleitung verbunden ist und mit den Auslaßöffnungen in Verbindung steht. Der umlaufende Ringkanal umgibt den Auslaßbereich des Hauptbrenners quasi wie ein Kragen, in welchem die Auslaßöffnungen angeordnet sind, vorzugsweise nach innen in Richtung auf das Zentrum des Auslaßbereiches gerichtet.The secondary pilot burner is particularly preferred in the outlet area of the main burner circumferential ring channel formed, which is connected to a fuel feed line and communicates with the outlet openings. The circulating Ring channel surrounds the outlet area of the main burner quasi like a collar in which the outlet openings are arranged are, preferably inwards towards the center of the outlet area.
Um weder in der Anzahl, noch in der Querschnittsfläche der Auslaßöffnungen begrenzt zu sein, wird in einem besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der umlaufende Ringkanal in einen unteren Ringkanal und einen oberen Ringkanal unterteilt, welche über eine Drosselstelle miteinander verbunden sind, wobei der obere Ringkanal mit der Brennstoffzuleitung verbunden ist und der untere Ringkanal mit den Auslaßöffnungen in Verbindung steht. Auf diese Weise wird die Brennstoffmenge des sekundären Pilotbrenners durch die Drosselstelle bestimmt und nicht durch den Querschnitt der Auslaßöffnungen und deren Anzahl. Dadurch wirkt der untere Ringkanal wie eine Resonanzkammer, so daß die an den Auslaßöffnungen ausströmende Brennstoffmenge vom Außendruck beeinflußt wird, was bei geeigneter Auslegung und Dimensionierung dieses unteren Ringkanals bei Druckschwingungen, also beispielsweise beim Brummen der Brenneranordnung, stark dämpfend wirkt.In order neither in the number nor in the cross-sectional area of the Exhaust ports being restricted is particularly preferred Embodiment of the circumferential ring channel in one divided lower ring channel and an upper ring channel, which are connected to each other via a throttle, the upper ring channel being connected to the fuel feed line and the lower ring channel with the outlet openings in Connection is established. This way the amount of fuel of the secondary pilot burner determined by the throttle point and not by the cross section of the outlet openings and their Number. As a result, the lower ring channel acts like a resonance chamber, so that the amount of fuel flowing out at the outlet openings is influenced by the external pressure, which is appropriate Design and dimensioning of this lower ring channel Pressure fluctuations, for example when the burner arrangement hums, has a strong dampening effect.
Die Auslaßöffnungen können erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt mit etwa gleichen Abständen ringförmig im Auslaßbereich des Hauptbrenners angeordnet sein. Diese Anordnung ist symmetrisch nach allen Seiten und führt zu einer allseitigen gleichmäßigen Stabilisierung.According to the invention, the outlet openings can preferably be approximately equidistantly in the form of a ring in the outlet area of the main burner be arranged. This arrangement is symmetrical all sides and leads to an all-round uniform Stabilization.
Alternativ ist es auch möglich, die Auslaßöffnungen mit unterschiedlichen Abständen ringförmig im Auslaßbereich des Hauptbrenners anzuordnen, was insbesondere bei Brennkammeranordnungen mit mehreren Brennern sinnvoll ist, um Häufungen von Aulaßöffnungen in Bereichen, in denen sich zwei Brenner sehr nahe kommen, zu vermeiden. Außerdem neigt eine ungleichmäßige Verteilung der Auslaßöffnungen weniger zum Schwingen und damit zu Instabilitäten als eine gleichmäßige, weil sich bei Druckstößen durch unterschiedliche Abstände auch unterschiedliche Laufzeiten der Druckwellen zu oder von den einzelnen Auslaßdüsen ergeben, was zumindest teilweise zu einer gegenseitigen Auslöschung solcher Druckwellen führt und damit Instabilitäten dämpft.Alternatively, it is also possible to use different outlet openings Distances ring-shaped in the outlet area of the To arrange the main burner, which is particularly the case with combustion chamber arrangements with multiple burners is useful to avoid clusters of outlet openings in areas where there are two burners to get very close to avoid. It also tends to be uneven Distribution of the outlet openings less for swinging and hence to instabilities as an even because of in the event of pressure surges due to different distances, also different Duration of the pressure waves to or from the individual Exhaust nozzles result, at least in part, in one mutual extinction of such pressure waves and thus leads Dampens instabilities.
Auch bezüglich der Form der Auslaßöffnungen besteht ein breiter Spielraum. Insbesondere bevorzugt werden erfindungsgemäß runde oder ovale Auslaßöffnungen, die besonders einfach herstellbar sind. There is also a wider one with regard to the shape of the outlet openings Leeway. The invention is particularly preferred round or oval outlet openings that are particularly easy to manufacture are.
Je nach Brenngeometrie können die Auslaßöffnungen jedoch auch eine polygonale Berandung haben, insbesondere die Form eines Dreiecks mit in Gasströmungsrichtung zeigender Spitze.Depending on the firing geometry, the outlet openings can also have a polygonal border, in particular the shape of a Triangle with tip pointing in the direction of gas flow.
Die Brenneranordnung mit dem sekundären Pilotbrenner ist erfindungsgemäß so ausgelegt, daß zwischen 0 und 10 % der bei Grundlast von der Brenneranordnung benötigten Brennstoffmenge den Auslaßöffnungen zuführbar sind, insbesondere in Form von Brenngas. Je nach Betriebsweise der Brenneranordnungen kann es sinnvoll sein, den zentralen primären Pilotbrenner, der erfindungsgemäß nunmehr durch den sekundärem Pilotbrenner unterstützt wird, in seiner Brennstoffzufuhr entsprechend zu drosseln, um insgesamt den Anteil an Brennstoff, der durch die Pilotbrenner zugeführt wird, nicht übermäßig zu erhöhen.The burner arrangement with the secondary pilot burner is according to the invention designed so that between 0 and 10% of the at Base load of the amount of fuel required by the burner arrangement the outlet openings can be fed, in particular in the form of Fuel gas. Depending on the mode of operation of the burner arrangements it makes sense to use the central primary pilot burner, the according to the invention now supported by the secondary pilot burner will increase accordingly in its fuel supply throttle to total the amount of fuel that is by the pilot burner being fed does not increase excessively.
Bei den Brenneranordnungen nach dem Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, daß der Hauptbrenner und der primäre Pilotbrenner im Vormischbetrieb, im Diffusionsbetrieb oder in einem Mischbetrieb aus beiden Betriebsarten betreibbar sind, wobei der Hauptbrenner und der primäre Pilotbrenner auch für wahlweisen Betrieb mit flüssigen und gasförmigen Brennstoffen ausgelegt sein können. Alle diese Betriebsweisen sind auch bei einer Brenneranordnung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung möglich. Zusätzlich ist es auch möglich, den sekundären Pilotbrenner mit einem vorgemischten Gemisch aus Brennstoff und Luft als Vormischbrenner zu betreiben, was insbesondere zur Reduzierung der Erzeugung von Stickoxyden beiträgt. It is the case with the burner arrangements according to the prior art known that the main burner and the primary pilot burner in Premix mode, diffusion mode or mixed mode can be operated from both operating modes, the Main burner and the primary pilot burner also for optional Operation with liquid and gaseous fuels could be. All of these modes of operation are also at one Burner arrangement possible according to the present invention. In addition, it is also possible to use the secondary pilot burner with a premixed mixture of fuel and air as To operate premix burners, which is particularly for reduction contributes to the generation of nitrogen oxides.
Die Zeichnung zeigt den unteren Teil einer Brenneranordnung, wie sie zum Beispiel in der EP 0 193 838 B1 ausführlich beschrieben ist. Die aus dieser Schrift bekannten Komponenten sind daher nur schematisch dargestellt und teilweise auch weggelassen.The drawing shows the lower part of a burner arrangement, as described in detail, for example, in EP 0 193 838 B1 is. The components known from this document are therefore only shown schematically and partially omitted.
Beim Lastbetrieb einer solchen Brenneranordnung wird ein
Hauptbrenner 1 mit Hauptverbrennungsluft 2 versorgt in welche
feinverteilt in einer Hauptbrenngaseindüsung 3 Brenngas
und/oder in einer Hauptbrennöleindüsung 4 Brennöl eingedüst
wird. Dies erfolgt im Bereich eines Hauptdrallerzeugers 5,
insbesondere in Form eines Diagonalgitters. Auf diese Weise
wird der Brennstoff mit der Hauptverbrennungsluft vorgemischt,
so daß sich eine schadstoffarme Verbrennung erreichen
läßt. Im Zentrum des Hauptbrenners 1 befindet sich in an sich
bekannter Weise ein Pilotbrenner 15 zum Zünden und/oder zur
Stabilisierung der Hauptflamme, dessen Verbrennungsluft durch
einen Luftkanal 6 zugeführt wird. Für den Betrieb dieses Pilotbrenners
als Diffusionsbrenner gibt es einen zentralen
Brennstoffkanal 7. Um den Pilotbrenner 15 auch als Vormischbrenner
betreiben zu können, gibt es zusätzlich einen äußeren
Brennstoffkanal 8. Grundsätzlich kann diese bekannte Brenneranordnung
in sehr verschiedenen Betriebsweisen betrieben werden
unter Verwendung verschiedener Brennstoffe, weshalb solche
Brenner auch als Hybridbrenner bezeichnet werden.During the load operation of such a burner arrangement, a
Main burner 1 with main combustion air 2 supplied into which
finely divided in a main fuel gas injection 3 fuel gas
and / or 4 fuel oil injected into a main fuel oil injection
becomes. This takes place in the area of a
Erfindungsgemäß befindet sich am unteren äußeren Rand des
Hauptbrenners 1 ein Ringkanal 9, welcher mit Auslaßöffnungen
10 in Verbindung steht, welche im Auslaßbereich des Hauptbrenners
1 ringförmig angeordnet sind. Die Abstände dieser
Auslaßöffnungen können je nach Bedarf gleichmäßig oder ungleichmäßig
sein. Auch die Formen und Querschnittsflächen
dieser Auslaßöffnungen 10 sind je nach Bedarf in weiten Grenzen
variierbar, wobei gleichmäßig verteilte runde Auslaßöffnungen
10 bevorzugt werden. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel
weist die Brennstoffversorgung der Auslaßöffnungen 10
einen unteren Ringkanal 9 auf, der über eine Drosselstelle
mit einem oberen Ringkanal 11 in Verbindung steht, welcher
wiederum über eine Brennstoffzuleitung 13 und ein Ventil 14
mit Brennstoff, vorzugsweise Brenngas, versorgt wird. Bei
dieser Ausführungsform ist der Druck in dem oberen Ringkanal
11 etwa konstant, da der Hauptdruckverlust an der Drosselstelle
12 auftritt. Der untere Ringkanal 9 kann äußere Druckschwingungen
in der Flamme des Hauptbrenners teilweise ausgleichen
und wirkt so als eine Art Resonanzkammer. Ist der
Druck in der Flamme hoch, so strömt kurzzeitig nur wenig
Brennstoff durch die Auslaßöffnungen 10 des sekundären Pilotbrenners,
bei wieder abfallendem Außendruck strömt mehr
Brenngas nach. Dieses Verhalten dämpft Außenschwingungen und
vermindert damit das Brummen, welches bei Instabilitäten der
Flammen in einer Feuerungsanlage auftreten kann.According to the invention is located on the lower outer edge of the
Main burner 1 an
Die vorliegende Erfindung eignet sich besonders zur zusätzlichen Stabilisierung von Brenneranordnungen in Gasturbinenkammern und vermeidet das Zurückschlagen der Flamme in einer Brenneranordnung oder vermindert zumindest das sich daraus ergebende Brummen.The present invention is particularly suitable for additional Stabilization of burner arrangements in gas turbine chambers and prevents the flame from striking back in one Burner arrangement or at least diminishes it resulting hum.
Claims (9)
- Burner arrangement for a firing installation, in particular a gas turbine combustion chamber, having a main burner (1) and, arranged centrally within it, a primary pilot burner (15) which is used for igniting and/or for stabilizing the combustion of the main burner, characterized in that a secondary pilot burner with a plurality of outlet openings (10) is arranged in the outlet region of the main burner (1), a peripheral annular duct (9, 11) being arranged in the outlet region of the main burner (1), which annular duct (9, 11) is connected to a fuel supply line (13) and is in connection with the outlet openings (10) and the outlet openings (10) being directed in the direction towards the centre of the outlet region.
- Burner arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the peripheral annular duct has a lower annular duct (9) and an upper annular duct (11), which are connected together by means of a throttle location (12), the upper annular duct (11) being connected to the fuel supply line (13) and the lower annular duct (9) being in connection with the outlet openings (10).
- Burner arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outlet openings (10) are arranged in a ring, at approximately equal distances apart, in the outlet region of the main burner (1).
- Burner arrangement according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the outlet openings (10) are arranged in a ring, at different distances apart, in the outlet region of the main burner (1).
- Burner arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet openings (10) are round or oval.
- Burner arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outlet openings (10) have a polygonal edge, in particular in the form of a triangle with apex pointing in the gas flow direction.
- Burner arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that fuel supply line (13), peripheral annular duct (9, 11) and outlet openings (10) are designed in such a way that between 0 and 10% of the fuel quantity required at base load of the burner arrangement can be supplied to the outlet openings (10), in particular in the form of fuel gas.
- Burner arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main burner (1) and the primary pilot burner (15) can be operated in premixed operation, in diffusion operation or in a mixed operation of both types of operation, it being also possible to design the main burner (1) and the primary pilot burner (15) for optional operation with liquid and gaseous fuels.
- Burner arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the secondary pilot burner can be operated as a premixing burner with a premixed mixture of fuel and air.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19839085A DE19839085C2 (en) | 1998-08-27 | 1998-08-27 | Burner arrangement with primary and secondary pilot burner |
| DE19839085 | 1998-08-27 | ||
| PCT/DE1999/002520 WO2000012936A1 (en) | 1998-08-27 | 1999-08-12 | Burner arrangement with primary and secondary pilot burners |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1110034A1 EP1110034A1 (en) | 2001-06-27 |
| EP1110034B1 true EP1110034B1 (en) | 2003-04-23 |
Family
ID=7878965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99952372A Expired - Lifetime EP1110034B1 (en) | 1998-08-27 | 1999-08-12 | Burner arrangement with primary and secondary pilot burners |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6632084B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1110034B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002523721A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19839085C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000012936A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10042315A1 (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2002-03-14 | Alstom Power Nv | Burner for heat generator comprises three injectors for gaseous or liquid fuel, swirl generator, mixing section , and transfer ducts |
| DE10049203A1 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2002-05-23 | Alstom Switzerland Ltd | Process for introducing fuel into a premix burner |
| DE10104695B4 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2014-11-20 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Premix burner for a gas turbine |
| GB2375601A (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2002-11-20 | Siemens Ag | Burner apparatus for reducing combustion vibrations |
| CN1263983C (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2006-07-12 | 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 | Burner for synthesis gas |
| EP1342953A1 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine |
| EP1342952A1 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Burner, process for operating a burner and gas turbine |
| EP1400752B1 (en) | 2002-09-20 | 2008-08-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Premixed burner with profiled air mass stream, gas turbine and process for burning fuel in air |
| US7080515B2 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2006-07-25 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Gas turbine can annular combustor |
| WO2004079264A1 (en) | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-16 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Premixing burner |
| ITTO20040309A1 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2004-08-13 | Ansaldo Energia Spa | METHOD FOR CHECKING A GAS COMBUSTER OF A GAS TURBINE |
| EP1624252A1 (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-02-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Burner, Gas Turbine and Method for Operating a Burner |
| EP1645805A1 (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2006-04-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | burner for fluidic fuels and method for operating such a burner |
| EP1659339A1 (en) * | 2004-11-18 | 2006-05-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of starting up a burner |
| EP1712837A1 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2006-10-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Burner assembly and method of operating it |
| US8075305B2 (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2011-12-13 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Dual fuel gas-liquid burner |
| US7909601B2 (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2011-03-22 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Dual fuel gas-liquid burner |
| US7901204B2 (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2011-03-08 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Dual fuel gas-liquid burner |
| KR101328984B1 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2013-11-13 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Reformer of fuel cell system and method for controlling the same |
| EP2058590B1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2016-03-23 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method for operating a burner |
| EP2312215A1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2011-04-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Burner and Method for Operating a Burner |
| US8640974B2 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2014-02-04 | General Electric Company | System and method for cooling a nozzle |
| EP2503241A1 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2012-09-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine burner |
| EP2503240A1 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2012-09-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine burner |
| EP2503244A1 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2012-09-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine burner |
| EP2738460A1 (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Combustion system of a flow engine |
| ITMI20122265A1 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-06-29 | Ansaldo Energia Spa | BURNER GROUP FOR A GAS TURBINE PROVIDED WITH A HELMHOLTZ RESONATOR |
| DE102014206139A1 (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2015-10-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | burner head |
| EP3059500A1 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a combustion system |
| EP3059501A1 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a combustion system |
| CN104696986A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2015-06-10 | 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 | Anti-tempering nozzle for combustion chamber of gas turbine |
| DE102017114362A1 (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-03 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Combustion chamber of a gas turbine, gas turbine and method for operating the same |
| US10954859B2 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2021-03-23 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Low emissions combustor assembly for gas turbine engine |
| US11555612B2 (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2023-01-17 | Babcock Power Services, Inc. | Dual fuel direct ignition burners |
| CN116164307B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2024-04-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Gas spiral-flow type air-hydrogen torch igniter |
Family Cites Families (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2591458A (en) * | 1949-02-16 | 1952-04-01 | Peabody Engineering Corp | Pilot burner and flame retaining means |
| US2619159A (en) * | 1949-09-28 | 1952-11-25 | Young Cyril Charles | Horizontally fired gas-oil burner |
| US2636554A (en) * | 1951-03-12 | 1953-04-28 | Young Cyril Charles | Horizontally fired gas-oil burner |
| US2918966A (en) * | 1958-08-07 | 1959-12-29 | Nat Airoil Burner Company Inc | Burners for gaseous and heavy liquid fuels |
| US3074361A (en) * | 1958-09-04 | 1963-01-22 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Pulverized fuel burner |
| US3897200A (en) * | 1974-03-04 | 1975-07-29 | Howe Baker Eng | Cyclonic multi-fuel burner |
| US4347052A (en) * | 1978-06-19 | 1982-08-31 | John Zink Company | Low NOX burner |
| US4572084A (en) * | 1981-09-28 | 1986-02-25 | University Of Florida | Method and apparatus of gas-coal combustion in steam boilers |
| DE3241162A1 (en) * | 1982-11-08 | 1984-05-10 | Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim | PRE-MIXING BURNER WITH INTEGRATED DIFFUSION BURNER |
| DE3663189D1 (en) * | 1985-03-04 | 1989-06-08 | Siemens Ag | Burner disposition for combustion installations, especially for combustion chambers of gas turbine installations, and method for its operation |
| DE3520781A1 (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1986-12-11 | Stubinen Utveckling AB, Stockholm | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BURNING LIQUID AND / OR SOLID FUELS IN POWDERED FORM |
| JP2644745B2 (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1997-08-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Gas turbine combustor |
| WO1992001196A1 (en) * | 1990-07-06 | 1992-01-23 | Worgas Bruciatori S.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for gas combustion |
| WO1992019913A1 (en) * | 1991-04-25 | 1992-11-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Burner arrangement, especially for gas turbines, for the low-pollutant combustion of coal gas and other fuels |
| US5284438A (en) * | 1992-01-07 | 1994-02-08 | Koch Engineering Company, Inc. | Multiple purpose burner process and apparatus |
| JPH05203148A (en) * | 1992-01-13 | 1993-08-10 | Hitachi Ltd | Gas turbine combustion apparatus and its control method |
| JP2638394B2 (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1997-08-06 | 日本ファーネス工業株式会社 | Low NOx combustion method |
| GB2278431A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1994-11-30 | Rolls Royce Plc | A gas turbine engine combustion chamber |
| US5511970A (en) * | 1994-01-24 | 1996-04-30 | Hauck Manufacturing Company | Combination burner with primary and secondary fuel injection |
| JP3282944B2 (en) * | 1994-07-18 | 2002-05-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Low NOx burner |
| US5813232A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-09-29 | Allison Engine Company, Inc. | Dry low emission combustor for gas turbine engines |
| DE19610930A1 (en) * | 1996-03-20 | 1997-09-25 | Abb Research Ltd | Burners for a heat generator |
| DE19626240A1 (en) * | 1996-06-29 | 1998-01-02 | Abb Research Ltd | Premix burner and method of operating the burner |
| DE19627203C2 (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 2000-11-09 | Loesche Gmbh | burner |
| EP0956475B1 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 2001-09-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Burner for fluid fuels |
| US6238206B1 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 2001-05-29 | Maxon Corporation | Low-emissions industrial burner |
| AU1830699A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-07-05 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Apparatus and method for low-nox gas combustion |
-
1998
- 1998-08-27 DE DE19839085A patent/DE19839085C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-08-12 WO PCT/DE1999/002520 patent/WO2000012936A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-08-12 JP JP2000567883A patent/JP2002523721A/en active Pending
- 1999-08-12 DE DE59905222T patent/DE59905222D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-12 EP EP99952372A patent/EP1110034B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-02-27 US US09/794,662 patent/US6632084B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1110034A1 (en) | 2001-06-27 |
| DE19839085A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
| JP2002523721A (en) | 2002-07-30 |
| WO2000012936A1 (en) | 2000-03-09 |
| DE59905222D1 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
| US20010024774A1 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
| US6632084B2 (en) | 2003-10-14 |
| DE19839085C2 (en) | 2000-06-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1110034B1 (en) | Burner arrangement with primary and secondary pilot burners | |
| DE69920193T2 (en) | DISC FOR MIXTURE OF FUEL AND AIR FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS WITH LEEKS AND LOW NOX EMISSION | |
| DE102005054442B4 (en) | Combustion chamber for a gas turbine | |
| DE69407565T2 (en) | FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE | |
| DE69312208T2 (en) | Gas turbine combustion chamber | |
| DE69412484T2 (en) | COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A GAS TURBINE ENGINE | |
| DE69632111T2 (en) | Premix burner for a gas turbine combustion chamber with low pollutant emission | |
| EP1645802B1 (en) | Premix Burner | |
| DE69715256T2 (en) | COMBUSTION CHAMBER | |
| EP0571782B1 (en) | Gasturbine combustor and operating method | |
| EP2156095B1 (en) | Swirling-free stabilising of the flame of a premix burner | |
| DE69617290T2 (en) | Combustion device for gas turbine engine | |
| DE3432971A1 (en) | METHOD FOR DELIVERING FUEL FOR A GAS TURBINE COMBUSTOR | |
| EP0276696A2 (en) | Hybrid burner for premix operation with gas and/or oil, particularly for gas turbine plants | |
| CH698634A2 (en) | Combustor liner cap with mixing holes. | |
| DE69010973T2 (en) | Burner. | |
| EP1319895A2 (en) | Lean-burn premix burner for gas turbine and its method of operation | |
| EP1235033B1 (en) | Annular combustor and method of operating the same | |
| WO1999004196A1 (en) | Arrangement of burners for heating installation, in particular a gas turbine combustion chamber | |
| EP2601447A2 (en) | Gas turbine combustion chamber | |
| EP3421885B1 (en) | Combustion chamber of a gas turbine, gas turbine and method for operating the same | |
| EP1754937A2 (en) | Burner head and method of combusting fuel | |
| WO2009019140A2 (en) | Burner | |
| DE19618058B4 (en) | burner | |
| DE4422535A1 (en) | Process for operating a furnace |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20010119 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59905222 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20030528 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: GERMAN |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030831 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030831 |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D Ref document number: 1110034E Country of ref document: IE |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20040126 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20160830 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20160811 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20160823 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20161020 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 59905222 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20170812 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20180430 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180301 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170812 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170812 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170831 |