EP1067345B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la séparation cryogénique des constituants de l'air - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la séparation cryogénique des constituants de l'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1067345B1
EP1067345B1 EP99121174A EP99121174A EP1067345B1 EP 1067345 B1 EP1067345 B1 EP 1067345B1 EP 99121174 A EP99121174 A EP 99121174A EP 99121174 A EP99121174 A EP 99121174A EP 1067345 B1 EP1067345 B1 EP 1067345B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
main heat
cold
cold end
stream
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EP99121174A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1067345A1 (fr
Inventor
Horst Dipl.-Ing. Corduan
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04339—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04381—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/20—Integrated compressor and process expander; Gear box arrangement; Multiple compressors on a common shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the cryogenic separation of air, in which cooled and purified feed air cooled in a main heat exchanger and at least part of a rectification column is supplied, wherein a first partial flow the feed air at an intermediate temperature from the main heat exchanger removed and fed under this intermediate temperature of a cold compression.
  • the invention is used in such cases in which a part of the feed air ("first partial flow") is recompressed, for example, for the evaporation of a liquid process stream to be used.
  • a product stream e.g., liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, or liquid argon
  • a rectification column to the bottoms or intermediate liquid a rectification column or else an external liquid which for example, a storage tank is removed.
  • two or more such process streams against the recompressed air stream to evaporate.
  • the "main heat exchanger” is preferably a single Heat exchanger block formed. For larger systems, it may be useful to Main heat exchanger by several with respect to it temperature profile parallel strands realized by separated from each other Components are formed. In principle, it is possible that the Main heat exchanger or each of these strands by two or more serially connected blocks is formed.
  • this re-compaction is carried out in a conventional manner, by the partial air flow at about ambient temperature of a corresponding Machine is supplied.
  • a cold compressor for densification be used.
  • Cold compression is here a compression process understood, in which the gas is supplied to the compression at a temperature, the is well below the ambient temperature, generally below 250K; preferably below 200K.
  • WO 9528610 or EP 644388 A are methods of the beginning known type, in which the cold compression at an intermediate temperature is performed between the temperatures at the warm and cold end of the Main heat exchanger is located.
  • This intermediate temperature can in particular the point at which the curves of the to be heated and streams to be cooled in the heat exchange diagram (Q-T diagram) of the Closest to the main heat exchanger ("theoretical pinch point").
  • the invention is based on the object, a method of the type mentioned and to provide a corresponding device which is energetically particularly favorable operate.
  • the cold compression air partial flow so initially further than actually needed cooled in the main heat exchanger, so on the Intermediate temperature addition, which is about the inlet temperature of the cold compression equivalent. Then he is - again in the main heat exchanger - on the Intermediate temperature warmed up.
  • This procedure appears at first glance unfavorable, since by the needless cooling and reheating with additional exchange losses and thus higher energy consumption is expected.
  • it has been found that thereby the Heat transfer in the cold part of the main heat exchanger (below the Intermediate temperature) is improved.
  • the to be heated In the cold part of the main heat exchanger, the to be heated and namely, a higher density than in the warm part.
  • the Heat exchanger passages that flow through them usually have constructive The same number and cross sections.
  • the passages are in cold Part operated, so to speak, with an underload of about 20%. Due to this fact the flow conditions in the cold part of the main heat exchanger are not optimal.
  • the invention achieves an improvement here by the - anyway anyway treating - partial air flow for cold compression both the cooling, as also supplemented the currents to be heated. It has turned out that the Improvement of the heat transfer by the optimized within the scope of the invention Flow conditions in the cold part of the main heat exchanger the expected additional exchange losses overcompensated and total leads to an energetically particularly favorable process.
  • the first partial flow can be downstream of the cold compression against a evaporating process stream are at least partially liquefied.
  • This Heat exchange step can either in the main heat exchanger or in a be performed separate condenser-evaporator. This is particularly cheap Procedure, if the entire oxygen product or a large part of it as Liquid taken from the rectification, placed in liquid form on pressure and finally evaporated against the cold-compressed partial air stream. In this case will just as much air is cold-compressed that due to the flow conditions in the cold part the main heat exchanger by the reheating of this invention Air partial flow are practically optimal.
  • the first partial flow is before its warming in the cold end of the Main heat exchanger introduced. He will therefore be completely through the Main heat exchanger out and flows when it warms up again through the entire cold part of the main heat exchanger, so that the entire cold part of the Main heat exchanger comes into the enjoyment of improved flow.
  • the cooling of the first partial flow can separately from or together with other parts of the feed air are carried out.
  • the first partial flow can be downstream of the cold compression at an intermediate point of the main heat exchanger, which corresponds to a second intermediate temperature, the Cooling air flow to be supplied. Excluding those described in the previous paragraph Compensation of the compression heat is this second intermediate temperature above the first intermediate temperature. When mixing with the very cold second partial air flow upstream of the cold compression, the second Intermediate temperature at or even below the first intermediate temperature.
  • the invention also relates to a device for the cryogenic separation of air according to claims 5 to 8.
  • Atmospheric air 1 is compressed after flowing through a filter 2 (3) and Direct contact cooler 4 initiated. It occurs there in countercurrent contact with liquid Water 5.
  • the water remaining liquid in the direct heat exchange becomes 6 removed from the direct contact cooler 4.
  • the cooled and with steam laden air 7 is in a cleaning device 8 of water and carbon dioxide and optionally freed of further impurities.
  • the cleaning device 8 is preferably formed by at least two switchable container with an adsorbent, such as a molecular sieve are filled.
  • the purified feed air stream 9 is in a first main air flow 10 and a split second main air stream 20.
  • the former flows to the warm end of one Main heat exchanger 30, is in the main heat exchanger 30 at about dew point cooled, removed again at the cold end and finally via the lines 11 and 12 fed to the sump of the pressure column 50 of a double column.
  • the second main air stream 20 is in an externally driven after-compressor 21st further compressed and after flowing through an aftercooler 22 also on the warm End inserted in the main heat exchanger 30 (line 23).
  • Part 24 of the second Main air flow the "cooling air flow” remains until the cold end in Main heat exchanger 30 and is - optionally after slight throttling 25 than "first partial flow” 26 again introduced into the main heat exchanger 30, in the Warming Passages 17.
  • the first partial flow becomes removed via line 28 and fed to a cold compressor 29.
  • the cold-compacted first partial flow 31 is at a second intermediate temperature, which in the example is higher than the first intermediate temperature, again in the main heat exchanger 30th introduced, in the Abkühlpassagen 32.
  • After cooling and at least Partial liquefaction in the main heat exchanger becomes the first partial flow 33 finally fed via the valve 34 in the pressure column 50.
  • the feed-in point is one or more theoretical or practical soils above the Pressure column sump.
  • Another part 35 of the second main air stream 23 is at a third Intermediate temperature, which in the example between the first and the second Intermediate temperature is taken as a "turbine air stream" and a Relaxation machine 36 is supplied, which via a common shaft with the Cold compressor 29 and a generator 37 is coupled.
  • the working relaxed Air 38, together with the first main air flow 11 via line 12 to the sump the pressure column 50 out.
  • the double column has, in addition to the pressure column 50, a low-pressure column 51. Both Parts are connected via a common condenser-evaporator 52, the Main condenser in heat exchanging connection. Top gas 53 of the pressure column 50 is at least partially condensed in the main capacitor 52. The condensate flows to a first part 55 as return to the pressure column 50 back to a second part 55 it is undercooled in a subcooling countercurrent 56 and via line 57 and valve 58 is applied to the top of the low-pressure column 51.
  • Raw oxygen from the lower region of the pressure column 50 flows in the example two different routes to the low-pressure column 51.
  • a first crude oxygen fraction 59 is from the bottom of the pressure column is undercooled (56) and via line 60 and Throttle valve 61 transferred to the low pressure column.
  • a second Rohsauerstofffr is liquid the pressure column 50 and discharged in a similar manner (supercooling 56, line 63 and valve 64) at a slightly higher point in the low-pressure column 51 is fed.
  • the oxygen product is liquid via line 65 from the bottom of the Low pressure column 51 withdrawn, by a pump 66 in the liquid state on the desired product pressure, via line 67 to the main heat exchanger 30th led, evaporated there and warmed to about ambient temperature.
  • GOX-IC internally compressed product
  • no pure nitrogen is produced.
  • the nitrogen rich Top product 69 is used as residual gas in the subcooling countercurrent 56 and in Main heat exchanger 30 warmed up
  • the warm residual gas 70 can directly via line 71 are discharged into the atmosphere and / or via line 72 - if necessary after heating 73 - used as a regeneration gas for the cleaning device 8 become.
  • the moist regeneration gas flows via line 74 to the atmosphere.
  • the cooling air stream 24 is downstream of its removal from the cold end of the main heat exchanger 30 and the optional valve 25 to two Split streams, namely the "first partial stream” 226 - 227 - 228, analogous to the 1 is passed to the cold compressor 29, and a "second partial flow" 201, which - regulated by valve 202 - on the main heat exchanger 30 and in particular the Anürmpassagen 227 bypassed and 203 at the first Intermediate temperature warmed first partial stream 228 is mixed.
  • the Mixture flows under a correspondingly lower temperature to the entrance of the Cold compressor 29.
  • the cold-compressed air 231 has a lower one Temperature than in Figure 1, in the concrete example of Figure 2 is the second Intermediate temperature even lower than the first intermediate temperature.
  • Corresponding formed shorter are the cooling and liquefaction passages 232 for the first Partial flow downstream of the cold compression.
  • the cooling air flow 24 is here after partial liquefaction in Main heat exchanger 30 and 25 throttling for the purpose of phase separation in one Separator 301 initiated.
  • the liquid phase is analogous to the stream 33 of FIG. 1 fed via line 333 and valve 334 in the pressure column 50.
  • the steam 326 off the separator 301 forms the "first partial flow", the as in Figure 1 for Cold compression 29 is performed. Downstream of the cold compression 29 is the cold-compressed first substream 331, however, not in their own Abkühlpassagen introduced, but mixed with the second main air flow.
  • the cold-compacted Air quantity will thus be in a cycle 24 - 25 - 301 - 326 - 29 - 331 out.
  • the heat transfer in the cold part of the main heat exchanger can be particularly be designed favorably.
  • FIG. 4 differs in the same way from FIG. 3, FIG. 2 of FIG. 1, namely by an additional "second partial air flow” 401. This is out here is formed that part 401 of the steam from the separator 301, which does not have Line 426 as a "first partial flow" to the cold end of the main heat exchanger 30 is directed. As in FIG. 2, the admixture 403 of the cold second partial flow is used 401 to the first intermediate temperature heated first partial flow 428 of Compensation or overcompensation of the compression heat at the cold compression 29 is formed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour la séparation cryogénique d'air, avec lequel de l'air opérationnel comprimé et nettoyé (9, 10, 20) est refroidi dans un échangeur thermique principal (30) et est amené (12, 33, 333) au moins en partie à une colonne de rectification (50), moyennant quoi un premier courant partiel (26, 226, 326, 426) d'air opérationnel est amené à l'échangeur thermique principal (30), et est soutiré (28, 228, 428) au moins en partie de l'échangeur thermique principal avec une première température intermédiaire, et est amené à une compression à froid (29),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le premier courant partiel (26, 226, 326, 426) est refroidi dans l'échangeur thermique principal (30) à une température inférieure à la première température intermédiaire, et ensuite, en amont de son soutirage (28, 228, 428) à la première température intermédiaire, est à nouveau échauffé (27, 227) dans l'échangeur thermique principal (30) à la première température intermédiaire.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier courant partiel (26, 226, 326, 426) est introduit avant son échauffement (27, 227) dans l'extrémité froide de l'échangeur thermique principal (30).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un courant d'air de refroidissement (23, 24) est refroidi dans l'échangeur thermique principal (30), et est soutiré (24) à l'extrémité froide de l'échangeur thermique principal, et est à nouveau amené au moins en partie en tant que premier courant partiel (26, 226, 326, 426) à l'extrémité froide de l'échangeur thermique principal (30).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le courant d'air de refroidissement (24) est soumis, après son soutirage de l'extrémité froide de l'échangeur thermique principal (30), à une séparation des phases (301), moyennant quoi le premier courant partiel (326, 426) est formé par au moins une partie de la phase de vapeur soutirée de la séparation des phases (301).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le courant d'air de refroidissement (24) est détendu (25) avant d'être soumis à la séparation des phases (301) et/ou avant d'être amené en tant que premier courant partiel (26, 226) à l'extrémité froide de l'échangeur thermique principal (30).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le courant d'air de refroidissement (24) est partagé en le premier courant partiel (226, 426) et en un second courant partiel (201, 401), moyennant quoi le premier courant partiel (226, 426) est introduit dans l'extrémité froide de l'échangeur thermique principal (30) et le second courant partiel (201, 401) est amené (203, 403) sans mesures de changement de température avec le premier courant partiel (228, 428) entre son soutirage à la première température intermédiaire et la compression à froid (29).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le premier courant partiel (331) est amené au courant d'air de refroidissement (23, 24) en aval de la compression à froid (29) en un emplacement intermédiaire de l' échangeur thermique principal (30) qui correspond à une deuxième température intermédiaire.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un courant d'air de turbine (23, 35) est refroidi dans l'échangeur thermique principal (30) à une troisième température intermédiaire, et est ensuite détendu (36) avec un rendement effectif, moyennant quoi au moins une partie de l'énergie mécanique générée avec la détente (36) à rendement effectif est utilisée pour l'entraínement de la compression à froid (29).
  9. Dispositif pour la séparation cryogénique d'air avec
    un échangeur thermique principal (30) présentant une extrémité chaude et une extrémité froide ainsi que des groupes de. passages de refroidissement et d'échauffement, avec
    au moins une colonne de rectification (50) avec
    une conduite d'air opérationnel pour l'amenée (9, 10, 20, 23) d'air opérationnel comprimé et nettoyé vers l'échangeur thermique principal (30), et pour l'alimentation (12, 33, 333) de la colonne de rectification (50) avec au moins une partie de l'air opérationnel refroidi et
    une conduite de compression à froid (28, 228, 428), qui mène d'un emplacement intermédiaire de l'échangeur thermique principal (30) vers un compresseur à froid (29),
    caractérisé en ce que
    la conduite de compression à froid (28, 228, 428) est reliée en amont du compresseur à froid (29), à l'emplacement intermédiaire, avec un groupe de passages d'échauffement (27, 227) de l'échangeur thermique principal (30).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les groupes de passages d'échauffement (27, 227) de l'échangeur thermique principal (30), lesquels sont reliés à l'emplacement intermédiaire avec la conduite de compression à froid (28, 228, 428), sont développés de manière à être ininterrompus depuis l'extrémité froide jusqu'à l'emplacement intermédiaire, et sont reliés (24, 26, 226, 326, 426) à l'extrémité froide avec un groupe de passages de refroidissement.
EP99121174A 1999-07-05 1999-10-22 Procédé et dispositif pour la séparation cryogénique des constituants de l'air Expired - Lifetime EP1067345B1 (fr)

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EP2801777A1 (fr) 2013-05-08 2014-11-12 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Installation de décomposition de l'air dotée d'un entraînement de compresseur principal
DE102013017590A1 (de) 2013-10-22 2014-01-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Gewinnung eines Krypton und Xenon enthaltenden Fluids und hierfür eingerichtete Luftzerlegungsanlage
EP2963369B1 (fr) 2014-07-05 2018-05-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif cryogeniques de separation d'air
TR201808162T4 (tr) 2014-07-05 2018-07-23 Linde Ag Havanın düşük sıcaklıkta ayrıştırılması vasıtasıyla bir basınçlı gaz ürününün kazanılmasına yönelik yöntem ve cihaz.
EP2963367A1 (fr) 2014-07-05 2016-01-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif cryogéniques de séparation d'air avec consommation d'énergie variable
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EP2469205A1 (fr) 2010-12-21 2012-06-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif destinés à la décomposition à basse température d'air

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ATE269526T1 (de) 2004-07-15
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US6336345B1 (en) 2002-01-08

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