EP1058588B1 - Installation for making cold-rolled stainless steel bands - Google Patents

Installation for making cold-rolled stainless steel bands Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1058588B1
EP1058588B1 EP99904921A EP99904921A EP1058588B1 EP 1058588 B1 EP1058588 B1 EP 1058588B1 EP 99904921 A EP99904921 A EP 99904921A EP 99904921 A EP99904921 A EP 99904921A EP 1058588 B1 EP1058588 B1 EP 1058588B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
plant
installation
annealing
continuous casting
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP99904921A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1058588A1 (en
Inventor
Hugues Legrand
Luc Vendeville
Jean Veyer
Francis Chassagne
Jean-Michel Damasse
Yann Breviere
Henri Giraud
Jean-Pierre Malingriaux
Michel Ternisien
Bernard Tetu
Bernard Vialatte
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Ugine SA
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Ugine SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • B21B3/02Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B1/24Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process
    • B21B1/28Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process by cold-rolling, e.g. Steckel cold mill
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B21B1/463Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/04Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing
    • B21B45/06Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing of strip material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the manufacture of stainless steel strips. More specifically, it relates to a production facility for such tapes bringing together all the stages of this production, from casting to cold rolling.
  • Annealing and pickling after cold rolling can be replaced by a bright annealing, depending on the condition and surface appearance desired for the strip.
  • EP 0 695 808 presents an example.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing steel strips cold rolled stainless steel to regularly ensure a very good quality of surface of said strips, as well as a manufacturing installation adapted to this method.
  • the installation also includes a hot rolling mill arranged after the installation of continuous casting.
  • This hot rolling mill can be followed by a annealing installation.
  • the casting installation can be of the “casting between two cylinders” type.
  • the invention consists in continuously executing, on a line single manufacturing, all stages of manufacturing a stainless steel strip cold rolled made from a thin strip cast directly from metal liquid, from casting to finishing operations and packaging of the strip in reel form ready to be sent to the customer.
  • the inventors have realized that the residual scale inlays and surface cracks, which are too often found on the strips cold rolled obtained by conventional batch plants, are considerably reduced if we remove all the intermediate windings that must normally undergo the tape before its transfers from one workshop to another.
  • the implementation reel can only be done by subjecting the strip to a tension which, in the case of nuances particularly fragile, may be sufficient to damage it, during the winding itself or during the time that the cooled strip, therefore not very malleable, passes in the form of coil.
  • the stay of the strip in the form of tight turns on each others helps to build up calamine deep in its surface layers residual which may remain on its surface if it has been imperfectly cleaned before winding.
  • the elimination of all the intermediate windings allowed by the process and the entirely continuous line according to the invention therefore gives the possibility of eliminating important causes of deterioration of the surface quality of the strips.
  • the treatment line according to the invention can be relatively compact, and it occupies less floor space anyway than the set of discontinuous installations (and often very distant geographically) which it replaces. In addition, it becomes easy to group on a single site close to the line the different workshops that fulfill functions common to different parts of the installation.
  • the attached single figure schematically shows an example of installation according to the invention.
  • an installation 1 for continuous strip casting thin itself composed of a pocket 2 containing the liquid steel to be poured, of a distributor 3 collecting a jet 4 of liquid steel, and supplying a jet 5 of liquid steel with a ingot mold composed of two cylinders 6, 6 'with horizontal axes, internally cooled and rotated in opposite directions.
  • Their cylindrical side surfaces define a space casting with the smallest width corresponding to the thickness of the strip to be cast and which is laterally closed by plates 7 of refractory material applied against ends of cylinders 6, 6 '.
  • the liquid steel solidifies in the mold in the form of a thin strip 8 of stainless steel, the thickness of which is of the order of 1 to 10 mm for this type of a casting machine, which is continuously extracted from the mold by rollers pincers not shown.
  • the strip 8 then preferably passes through an enclosure 9 to the interior of which an atmosphere is kept as little oxidizing as possible at the by inerting with a neutral gas such as argon or nitrogen, or with a reducing gas such as hydrogen, in order to limit the formation of scale on its surface.
  • the walls of the enclosure 9 also makes it possible to return the radiation which results therefrom to the strip 8, and thus limit the thermal losses of the strip 8.
  • the latter then passes, so known in a hot rolling mill 10 whose function is to reduce its thickness, close any internal porosities and cause recrystallization of the grains which is favorable, in particular, to avoid the appearance of ragging on the stretched products which will subsequently be produced from strip 8. Then, in a manner which is also known here, the strip 8 passes through an annealing furnace 11 if it is desired to carry out such a heat treatment.
  • the part of the installation just described corresponds to the description usual of a thin strip continuous casting installation and treatment which can conventionally be directly connected to it.
  • the casting installation can be of a different type from a casting between cylinders, for example example a casting between running bands, or on a single cylinder, and produce bands a little thicker or thinner than the 1 to 10 mm previously mentioned.
  • the presence of the hot rolling mill 10 is only optional, as is that of the annealing furnace 11, the presence and use of which is not necessarily linked to that of the hot rolling mill 10.
  • it is desired to carry out treatments on the strip 8 which has just been poured more complex thermal / thermomechanical it is possible to install on the manufacture of other devices such as additional ovens and coolers.
  • the strip 8 then passes through a first strip accumulator 12, which separates the "heat treatment" part of the next part of the line, in which performed descaling of the strip 8.
  • This accumulator 12 makes it possible to independent of each other the running speeds of the strip 8 in these two parts of the line, as well as continuing to supply metal to one of the two parts when the other is temporarily stopped.
  • the strip 8 On leaving the accumulator 12, the strip 8 enters an oxide breaker 13, of a type known in itself, to crack and weaken the layer of scale which may have formed on the surface of the strip 8 despite the precautions taken. Then she goes into a shot blasting machine 14, where the scale is disintegrated by the projection of metal balls or ceramic on the surface of the strip 8. The latter is then preferably freed of its scale residues, or even beads which may have become embedded in it, by a brushing installation 15 to which can, for example, be added or substituted installation where a pressurized fluid is sprayed onto the strip.
  • a brushing installation 15 to which can, for example, be added or substituted installation where a pressurized fluid is sprayed onto the strip.
  • cleaning of the surface of the strip 8 is completed by the passage of the strip 8 inside one or more several tanks 16, 17 containing pickling baths (chemical and / or electrolytic), whose natures are conditioned in a known manner by the composition of the band 8, the desirable length of stay of strip 8 in baths 16, 17, type of surface finish desired for band 8 etc. If necessary, precede the first pickling tank 16 with a strip cooling installation 8. Preferably, these tanks are equipped with means allowing the strip 8 to penetrate there or not, according to the precise needs of the moment. A rinsing installation 18 and a drying installation 19 (and / or any other adapted installation) then remove from the surface of the strip 8 the remaining traces of the pickling baths.
  • pickling baths chemical and / or electrolytic
  • the strip 8 then passes into a second strip accumulator 20, which separates the “descaling” part of the line from its “cold rolling” part and makes their independent operations.
  • the “cold rolling” part of the installation according to the invention comprises a single rolling mill of the conventional type with three stands ensuring the its almost definitive thickness of the strip 8, it being understood that this configuration is not nothing limiting. You can use a smaller or larger number of cages, or a rolling mill Sendzimir type.
  • the rolling mill 21 is preceded by a shear 22 by which, at when changing the rolls of the rolling mill 21, the strip 8 is cut so as to interrupt the supply to the rolling mill 21. During this interruption of the operation of the rolling mill 21, it is not necessary to stop the upstream part of the installation since the strip 8 can continue to fill the first and second accumulators 12, 20.
  • the rolling mill 21 is, in known manner, followed by a degreasing installation 23 and an installation for drying 24.
  • the “cold rolling” section of the installation includes a second cold rolling mill if the strip enters this section at a relatively high temperature, especially if no installation is used pickling.
  • the strip 8 then passes into a third accumulator 25 which separates the part “Cold rolling” of the “annealing-pickling” part of the line and makes their independent operations.
  • the “annealing-pickling” part of the line comprises first an annealing oven 26 of conventional type, which is followed by a cooler 27. then the strip 8 penetrates into pickling tanks 28, 29 of chemical and / or electrolytic type, containing baths of compositions known in themselves. Preferably, these tanks 28, 29 are each equipped with means making it possible for the choice of operators, band 8 transits or avoids them.
  • the single figure shows two baths pickling, but of course, as needed, they can be more or less numerous.
  • the annealing-pickling treatments carried out at this location of the installation according to the invention do not differ particularly from the treatments which it is usual to carry out on conventional cold rolled strip manufacturing facilities.
  • Band 8 then passes in a rinsing installation 30 and a drying installation 31.
  • the annealing furnace 26 may comprise at its inlet a device for heating by induction. This provides significant instantaneous heating power which allows quickly bring the strip 8 to its nominal treatment temperature. That power is, moreover, easily modular, which gives the possibility of easily varying the residence time of the strip 8 in the annealing furnace 26 necessary for the execution of the desired metallurgical treatment, by varying the amount of energy supplied to the strip 8 in the induction device. We thus give our an additional degree of freedom in the management of the entire line.
  • the “annealing-pickling” part that we have just described can be replaced by a bright annealing system, depending on the type of product you want manufacture.
  • the strip 8 then passes through a fourth accumulator 32 which separates the part “Annealing-pickling” of the hardener rolling mill 33 and makes their operations independent.
  • the hardener rolling mill (or “skin-pass”) 33 which can be supplemented by a leveler under tension 34, conventionally has the function of giving the strip its structure metallurgical and its final surface condition, which goes hand in hand with a very slight reduction of its thickness. Again, that of the installation according to the invention is not distinguished not those which it is conventional to use on the cold rolling lines of the prior art.
  • the strip 8 then passes into a fifth accumulator 35 which separates the rolling mill hardener 33 of the “winding” part of the line, and makes it possible to adjust the speed and web winding tension 8 regardless of the web running speed in the hardener rolling mill 33.
  • the strip preferentially passes through a edge shears 36, which cuts the edges of the strip not having a quality metallurgical sufficient to be exploited. It is then packaged on a winder 37, preceded by a shear 38 which cuts the strip 8 when the winder 37 is on the not to be fully filled. Only one winder 37 has been shown, but it is of course there must be at least two, so that you can orient the strip towards the winder is empty as soon as the other is filled, as is the case on the rolling lines traditional cold.
  • This second cold rolling mill can itself be followed by another section of annealing-pickling.

Abstract

A stainless steel band is continuously cast. The stainless steel band is descaled and cold rolled. The cold rolled band is annealed and descaled or bright annealed. The band is finish formed and finally coiled. The stainless steel band is not coiled after being continuously cast and before being finally coiled.

Description

L'invention concerne la fabrication de bandes d'acier inoxydables. Plus précisément, elle concerne une installation de production de telles bandes rassemblant toutes les étapes de cette fabrication, de la coulée au laminage à froid.The invention relates to the manufacture of stainless steel strips. More specifically, it relates to a production facility for such tapes bringing together all the stages of this production, from casting to cold rolling.

Habituellement, les bandes d'acier inoxydables destinées à être livrées à la clientèle à l'état de bobines laminées à froid sont élaborées selon le schéma suivant :

  • coulée continue de brames d'une épaisseur de 15 à 25 cm environ à partir d'acier liquide dans une lingotière sans fond à parois fixes refroidies ;
  • laminage à chaud sous forme d'une bande de quelques mm d'épaisseur ;
  • éventuellement recuit initial de la bande ;
  • décalaminage et nettoyage de la surface de la bande, par des moyens mécaniques, chimiques ou électrochimiques, ou une succession de tels moyens ;
  • laminage à froid de la bande à son épaisseur quasi définitive, effectué généralement dans un laminoir comportant plusieurs cages ;
  • recuit ;
  • décapage ;
  • passage dans un laminoir écrouisseur (appelé aussi «skin-pass») avant conditionnement définitif en bobines.
Usually, the stainless steel strips intended to be delivered to customers in the form of cold-rolled coils are produced according to the following diagram:
  • continuous casting of slabs with a thickness of approximately 15 to 25 cm from liquid steel in a bottomless ingot mold with cooled fixed walls;
  • hot rolling in the form of a strip a few mm thick;
  • possibly initial annealing of the strip;
  • descaling and cleaning of the surface of the strip, by mechanical, chemical or electrochemical means, or a succession of such means;
  • cold rolling of the strip to its almost final thickness, generally carried out in a rolling mill comprising several cages;
  • annealing;
  • pickling;
  • passage through a hardening rolling mill (also called a "skin-pass") before final packaging in coils.

On peut aussi prévoir de réaliser le laminage à froid en plusieurs étapes, séparées par des traitements intermédiaires.It is also possible to provide for cold rolling in several stages, separate by intermediate treatments.

Le recuit et le décapage après laminage à froid peuvent être remplacés par un recuit brillant, selon l'état et l'aspect de surface désirés pour la bande.Annealing and pickling after cold rolling can be replaced by a bright annealing, depending on the condition and surface appearance desired for the strip.

Ces opérations sont réalisées sur des installations qui sont, pour la plupart, séparées les unes des autres, ce qui nécessite des opérations multiples de conditionnement des produits, telles que des bobinages intermédiaires, et de transfert des bobines d'une installation à l'autre.These operations are carried out on installations which are, for the most part, separated from each other, which requires multiple packaging operations products, such as intermediate windings, and transfer coils of a installation to another.

Il est cependant connu de réaliser sur une installation unique, où elles ont lieu en ligne, les étapes de transformation de la bande laminée à chaud en bobine de bande laminée à froid commercialisable. Le document EP 0 695 808 en présente un exemple.It is however known to carry out on a single installation, where they take place in line, the stages of transformation of the hot rolled strip into a roll of rolled strip cold marketable. EP 0 695 808 presents an example.

Ce dernier document évoque aussi la possibilité de réaliser ces étapes de transformation non pas sur des bandes produites à partir de brames laminées à chaud, mais sur des bandes produites par une installation de coulée continue directe de bandes minces de quelques mm d'épaisseur à partir de métal liquide, par exemple par coulée du métal liquide entre deux cylindres à axes horizontaux, refroidis intérieurement. Cette coulée peut éventuellement être suivie par un léger laminage à chaud, effectué en ligne avec la coulée ou sur une installation complètement séparée, dans le but notamment de limiter la rugosité superficielle de la bande et de favoriser la recristallisation du métal pour éviter l'apparition du phénomène dit « chiffonnage » ou « roping » lors des transformations ultérieures de la bande. Un four de recuit peut également être disposé après le laminoir à chaud, et avant l'installation de bobinage de la bande.This last document also mentions the possibility of carrying out these stages of processing not on strips produced from hot-rolled slabs, but on strips produced by a direct continuous casting installation of thin strips of a few mm thick from liquid metal, for example by pouring liquid metal between two cylinders with horizontal axes, internally cooled. This casting can possibly be followed by a light hot rolling, carried out in line with the casting or on a completely separate installation, in particular with the aim of limiting roughness superficial of the strip and to favor the recrystallization of the metal to avoid the appearance of the phenomenon known as “ragging” or “roping” during subsequent transformations of the bandaged. An annealing furnace can also be placed after the hot rolling mill, and before the tape winding installation.

En tout état de cause, la chaíne de fabrication des bandes d'acier inoxydable laminées à froid est longue et coûteuse en investissements. Elle est aussi coûteuse en énergie, du fait des multiples opérations de transport des produits intermédiaires (brames et bobines) entre des installations qui ne sont pas toujours implantées sur le même site industriel, et des réchauffages de ces produits qui sont nécessaires avant plusieurs des opérations citées pour les faire passer de la température ambiante à la température de traitement désirée. De plus, le stockage de ces produits intermédiaires dans l'attente de leur traitement demande de la place et immobilise du métal.In any event, the production line for stainless steel strips cold rolled is long and costly in investment. It is also expensive in energy, due to the multiple transport operations of intermediate products (slabs and coils) between installations which are not always located on the same site industrial, and reheating of these products which are necessary before many of the operations cited to bring them from ambient temperature to desired treatment. In addition, the storage of these intermediate products pending their processing requires space and immobilizes metal.

L'utilisation d'une installation de coulée directe de bandes minces réduit ces inconvénients, car elle supprime l'étape de laminage à chaud, ou au moins réduit considérablement son ampleur. De plus, si le laminage à chaud est effectué en ligne, sans bobinage intermédiaire, on bénéficie de la chaleur latente de la bande qui vient d'être coulée.The use of a direct casting installation for thin strips reduces these disadvantages because it eliminates the hot rolling step, or at least reduces considerably its magnitude. In addition, if hot rolling is carried out online, without intermediate winding, we benefit from the latent heat of the strip which has just been cast.

Des problèmes de qualité de surface de la bande subsistent néanmoins. En effet, il s'avère difficile d'éviter de manière toujours suffisante la présence d'incrustations de calamine sur la surface des bandes obtenues à l'issue du traitement. D'autre part, sur les nuances d'acier les plus fragiles, telles que l'acier inoxydable ferritique de type SUS 409, on constate fréquemment l'apparition de fissures superficielles sur la bande finale qui la rendent inutilisable.Problems with the surface quality of the strip nevertheless remain. Indeed, it proves difficult to avoid always sufficiently the presence of incrustations of scale on the surface of the strips obtained at the end of the treatment. On the other hand, on most fragile steel grades, such as SUS 409 ferritic stainless steel, frequently finds the appearance of surface cracks on the final strip which make it unusable.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer une méthode de fabrication de bandes d'acier inoxydable laminées à froid permettant d'assurer régulièrement une très bonne qualité de surface desdites bandes, ainsi qu'une installation de fabrication adaptée à cette méthode.The object of the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing steel strips cold rolled stainless steel to regularly ensure a very good quality of surface of said strips, as well as a manufacturing installation adapted to this method.

Avec ces objectifs en vue, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de fabrication de bandes minces en acier inoxydable selon lequel on réalise successivement et de manière continue sur une ligne de traitement unique :

  • la coulée continue directement à partir de métal liquide d'une bande d'acier inoxydable ;
  • un décalaminage de ladite bande ;
  • un laminage à froid de ladite bande ;
  • une opération de recuit-décapage ou de recuit brillant de ladite bande;
  • une opération de mise en forme finale de ladite bande, telle qu'un passage dans un laminoir écrouisseur ;
  • un bobinage de ladite bande.
With these objectives in view, the invention relates to a process for manufacturing thin strips of stainless steel according to which successively and continuously is carried out on a single processing line:
  • continuous casting directly from liquid metal to a strip of stainless steel;
  • descaling of said strip;
  • cold rolling of said strip;
  • an annealing-pickling or bright annealing operation of said strip;
  • an operation of final shaping of said strip, such as passing through a hardening rolling mill;
  • a winding of said strip.

Optionnellement, on peut réaliser également un laminage à chaud de ladite bande immédiatement après sa coulée, et éventuellement le faire suivre par un recuit de ladite bande. Optionally, it is also possible to carry out hot rolling of said strip. immediately after pouring, and optionally have it annealed by said bandaged.

L'invention a également pour objet une installation pour la production de bandes d'acier inoxydable laminées à froid, comportant successivement :

  • une installation de coulée continue de bandes minces directement à partir de métal liquide ;
  • une installation de décalaminage ;
  • une installation de laminage à froid ;
  • une installation de recuit-décapage ou de recuit brillant ;
  • une installation de mise en forme finale de la bande telle qu'un laminoir écrouisseur;
  • une installation de bobinage de la bande ;
toutes ces installations étant disposées sur une même ligne continue, et au moins certaines d'entre elles étant séparées par un accumulateur de bande.The invention also relates to an installation for the production of cold-rolled stainless steel strips, successively comprising:
  • an installation for the continuous casting of thin strips directly from liquid metal;
  • a descaling installation;
  • a cold rolling installation;
  • an annealing-pickling or bright annealing installation;
  • an installation for final shaping of the strip such as a hardening rolling mill;
  • a tape winding installation;
all these installations being arranged on the same continuous line, and at least some of them being separated by a tape accumulator.

Optionnellement, l'installation comporte également un laminoir à chaud disposé après l'installation de coulée continue. Ce laminoir à chaud peut être suivi par une installation de recuit.Optionally, the installation also includes a hot rolling mill arranged after the installation of continuous casting. This hot rolling mill can be followed by a annealing installation.

L'installation de coulée peut être du type « coulée entre deux cylindres ».The casting installation can be of the “casting between two cylinders” type.

Comme on l'aura compris, l'invention consiste à exécuter en continu, sur une ligne de fabrication unique, toutes les étapes de fabrication d'une bande d'acier inoxydable laminée à froid réalisée à partir d'une bande mince coulée directement à partir de métal liquide, depuis la coulée jusqu'aux opérations de finissage et au conditionnement de la bande sous forme de bobine prête à être envoyée au client.As will be understood, the invention consists in continuously executing, on a line single manufacturing, all stages of manufacturing a stainless steel strip cold rolled made from a thin strip cast directly from metal liquid, from casting to finishing operations and packaging of the strip in reel form ready to be sent to the customer.

Les inventeurs se sont rendu compte que les incrustations résiduelles de calamine et les fissures superficielles, dont on constate trop souvent la présence sur les bandes laminées à froid obtenues par des installations discontinues classiques, sont considérablement réduites si on supprime tous les bobinages intermédiaires que doit normalement subir la bande avant ses transferts d'un atelier à l'autre. En effet, la mise en bobine ne peut se faire qu'en soumettant la bande à une tension qui, dans le cas de nuances particulièrement fragiles, peut être suffisante pour l'endommager, pendant le bobinage lui-même ou pendant le temps que la bande refroidie, donc peu malléable, passe sous forme de bobine. D'autre part, le séjour de la bande sous forme de spires serrées les unes sur les autres contribue à incruster profondément dans ses couches superficielles la calamine résiduelle qui peut subsister sur sa surface si celle-ci a été imparfaitement nettoyée avant le bobinage. La suppression de tous les bobinages intermédiaires permise par le procédé et la ligne entièrement continus selon l'invention donne donc la possibilité de supprimer d'importantes causes de détérioration de la qualité de surface des bandes.The inventors have realized that the residual scale inlays and surface cracks, which are too often found on the strips cold rolled obtained by conventional batch plants, are considerably reduced if we remove all the intermediate windings that must normally undergo the tape before its transfers from one workshop to another. Indeed, the implementation reel can only be done by subjecting the strip to a tension which, in the case of nuances particularly fragile, may be sufficient to damage it, during the winding itself or during the time that the cooled strip, therefore not very malleable, passes in the form of coil. On the other hand, the stay of the strip in the form of tight turns on each others helps to build up calamine deep in its surface layers residual which may remain on its surface if it has been imperfectly cleaned before winding. The elimination of all the intermediate windings allowed by the process and the entirely continuous line according to the invention therefore gives the possibility of eliminating important causes of deterioration of the surface quality of the strips.

On peut également citer d'autres avantages procurés par l'invention.Mention may also be made of other advantages provided by the invention.

Chaque bobinage déforme considérablement le début et la fin de la bande composant la bobine. Il rend donc ces parties inutilisables, et de plus, elles pourraient endommager les parties de l'installation qu'elles traverseraient lors du traitement suivant. Il est donc indispensable de les enlever. La suppression des bobinages intermédiaires dans le procédé selon l'invention réduit donc la quantité de métal rendue inutilisable lors du processus de fabrication de tôles, de même que le nombre nécessaire d'installations de cisaillage des débuts et fins de bandes.Each winding considerably distorts the beginning and the end of the strip component of the coil. It therefore makes these parts unusable, and moreover, they could damage the parts of the installation that they would pass through during the next treatment. he it is therefore essential to remove them. The elimination of intermediate windings in the process according to the invention therefore reduces the amount of metal made unusable during the sheet metal manufacturing process, as well as the necessary number of shearing of the beginnings and ends of bands.

La ligne de traitement selon l'invention peut être relativement compacte, et elle occupe de toute façon moins de surface au sol que l'ensemble d'installations discontinues (et souvent très éloignées géographiquement) auquel elle se substitue. De plus, il devient aisé de grouper sur un même site proche de la ligne les différents ateliers qui remplissent des fonctions communes à différentes parties de l'installation.The treatment line according to the invention can be relatively compact, and it occupies less floor space anyway than the set of discontinuous installations (and often very distant geographically) which it replaces. In addition, it becomes easy to group on a single site close to the line the different workshops that fulfill functions common to different parts of the installation.

Les opérations de transfert des bobines d'une installation à l'autre sont supprimées, d'où un gain sensible sur la durée totale du processus de fabrication. D'autre part, les transferts de bobines habituels ont l'inconvénient de constituer une immobilisation de métal qui n'est pas encore livrable à la clientèle, donc une immobilisation de capital non encore rentabilisable. De plus, dans l'attente de leur traitement, il faut stocker les bobines sur des aires qui accroissent la surface nécessaire de l'usine. L'invention permet à l'usine produisant les bandes laminées à froid de travailler en « flux tendus », avec les avantages économiques habituels de ce type de fonctionnement.The operations for transferring the coils from one installation to another are eliminated, hence a significant gain in the total duration of the manufacturing process. On the other hand, usual coil transfers have the disadvantage of being a metal immobilizer which is not yet available to customers, therefore a capital asset not yet rentabilisable. In addition, pending processing, the coils must be stored on areas that increase the plant area required. The invention enables the factory producing cold rolled strips to work in "just-in-time", with the economic advantages usual for this type of operation.

L'utilisation d'une installation classique de coulée continue de brames conduit à la formation de calamines abondantes et très adhérentes après la coulée, avant et juste après le laminage à chaud. L'expérience montre que dans le cas de l'utilisation d'une coulée continue directe de bandes minces, la quantité totale de calamine formée à l'issue de la coulée et du laminage à chaud éventuel est moindre, surtout si on utilise des moyens d'inertage de la partie inférieure de la machine de coulée, tels qu'un capot sous lequel on maintient une atmosphère non-oxydante, voire franchement réductrice. De plus, les calamines formées adhèrent moins fortement à la surface du produit que les calamines formées sur les installations de coulée et de laminage à chaud classiques, ce qui est probablement dû à une moindre durée des séjours du produit à des températures élevées. En conséquence, l'utilisateur a deux possibilités de mise en pratique de l'invention.The use of a conventional continuous slab casting installation leads to the formation of abundant and very adherent calamines after pouring, before and just after hot rolling. Experience shows that in the case of the use of a casting direct continuous of thin strips, the total amount of scale formed after the casting and possible hot rolling is less, especially if using means of inerting the lower part of the casting machine, such as a cover under which maintains a non-oxidizing, even frankly reducing, atmosphere. Moreover, the calamines formed adhere less strongly to the surface of the product than calamines formed on conventional casting and hot rolling plants, which is probably due to a shorter duration of the product stays at high temperatures. In Consequently, the user has two possibilities of putting the invention into practice.

La première possibilité consiste à viser l'obtention de bandes laminées à froid ayant une qualité de surface très régulièrement supérieure à celle des bandes habituelles. A cet effet, on conserve sur la ligne les mêmes outils de décalaminage, notamment avant le laminage à froid, que ceux employés sur les installations classiques. Ces outils comportent le plus souvent en succession :

  • un brise-oxydes, dans lequel la bande laminée à chaud est soumise à des flexions et à un léger allongement, qui ont pour effet de fracturer la couche de calamine ;
  • un ou des outils de décalaminage mécanique pouvant comprendre, seuls ou en cascade, une installation de grenaillage, une installation de brossage, une installation de projection d'un fluide sous pression, la fonction de ces deux derniers outils étant essentiellement de parachever l'enlèvement d'une part des résidus de calamine arrachés par les grenailles et d'autre part des grenailles qui subsisteraient à la surface de la bande ;
  • une installation de décapage chimique et/ou électrolytique pouvant comporter un ou plusieurs bains semblables ou différents, dont la composition est à choisir en fonction de paramètres habituels tels que la nuance de l'acier (qui détermine en partie la composition et le comportement de la calamine), le type de fini de surface désiré pour la bande, la durée souhaitée pour le traitement ; si la température de la bande à sa sortie du décalaminage mécanique est relativement élevée (ce peut être le cas notamment si elle a subi un laminage à chaud suivi d'un recuit intermédiaire), il peut être nécessaire de refroidir la bande avant son entrée dans les bains de décapage.
The first possibility is to aim at obtaining cold-rolled strips having a surface quality very regularly superior to that of the usual strips. To this end, the same descaling tools are kept on the line, in particular before cold rolling, as those used on conventional installations. These tools most often include in succession:
  • an oxide breaker, in which the hot-rolled strip is subjected to bending and slight elongation, which have the effect of fracturing the scale layer;
  • one or more mechanical descaling tools which may comprise, alone or in cascade, a shot blasting installation, a brushing installation, an installation for spraying a pressurized fluid, the function of these latter two tools being essentially to complete the removal on the one hand, scale residues torn off by the shot and, on the other hand, shot that remains on the surface of the strip;
  • a chemical and / or electrolytic etching installation which may include one or more similar or different baths, the composition of which is to be chosen according to usual parameters such as the grade of the steel (which partly determines the composition and the behavior of the scale), the type of surface finish desired for the strip, the duration desired for the treatment; if the temperature of the strip at its exit from mechanical descaling is relatively high (this can be the case in particular if it has undergone a hot rolling followed by an intermediate annealing), it may be necessary to cool the strip before entering pickling baths.

La deuxième possibilité d'utilisation du procédé selon l'invention consiste à se contenter d'une qualité de surface régulière de la bande simplement comparable à celle obtenue par les procédés traditionnels du point de vue des incrustations de calamine, mais à l'obtenir en n'utilisant qu'une installation de décalaminage simplifiée, donc moins coûteuse à construire et à exploiter. On pourrait, par exemple :

  • se passer du brise-oxydes ou limiter la sévérité de son action, ce qui serait favorable à la réduction du risque d'apparition de fissures superficielles sur les bandes les plus fragiles ;
  • diminuer l'intensité du grenaillage ou le supprimer totalement, et obtenir ainsi une surface de bande moins rugueuse et moins écrouie ;
  • diminuer le nombre d'outils de décalaminage mécanique et/où le nombre de bains de décapage.
The second possibility of using the process according to the invention consists in being satisfied with a regular surface quality of the strip which is simply comparable to that obtained by traditional processes from the point of view of scale inlays, but in obtaining it by using only a simplified descaling installation, therefore less costly to build and operate. We could, for example:
  • dispense with the oxide breaker or limit the severity of its action, which would be favorable for reducing the risk of the appearance of surface cracks on the most fragile bands;
  • decrease the intensity of shot peening or completely eliminate it, and thus obtain a less rough and less work hardened strip surface;
  • reduce the number of mechanical descaling tools and / or the number of pickling baths.

On peut même envisager, sur certaines nuances pour lesquelles une qualité de surface optimale n'est pas forcément exigée (c'est le cas, par exemple, pour les aciers destinés à la fabrication de lignes d'échappement pour automobiles), de supprimer totalement le décapage. Dans ces conditions, il n'est plus nécessaire de refroidir la bande à sa sortie du décalaminage mécanique, même si elle a subi au préalable un laminage à chaud et un recuit intermédiaire. On peut alors faire débuter le laminage à froid à une température plus élevée que d'habitude, et éventuellement l'effectuer avec un taux de réduction plus important qu'un laminage à froid normal (par ajout de cages supplémentaires ou par augmentation du taux de réduction procuré par les cages existantes). On se donne ainsi de nouvelles possibilités métallurgiques dans la fabrication des produits.We can even consider, on certain nuances for which a quality of optimal surface is not necessarily required (this is the case, for example, for steels intended for the manufacture of exhaust systems for automobiles), to delete totally stripping. Under these conditions, it is no longer necessary to cool the strip to its exit from mechanical descaling, even if it has previously undergone hot rolling and an intermediate annealing. We can then start cold rolling at a temperature higher than usual, and possibly perform it with a higher reduction rate important that normal cold rolling (by adding additional cages or by increase in the reduction rate provided by existing cages). We give ourselves new metallurgical possibilities in the manufacture of products.

La figure unique annexée montre schématiquement un exemple d'installation selon l'invention.The attached single figure schematically shows an example of installation according to the invention.

Elle comporte en premier lieu une installation 1 de coulée continue de bandes minces, elle-même composée d'une poche 2 renfermant l'acier liquide à couler, d'un répartiteur 3 recueillant un jet 4 d'acier liquide, et alimentant par un jet 5 d'acier liquide une lingotière composée de deux cylindres 6, 6' à axes horizontaux, intérieurement refroidis et mis en rotation en sens contraires. Leurs surfaces latérales cylindriques délimitent un espace de coulée dont la plus faible largeur correspond à l'épaisseur de la bande à couler et qui est obturé latéralement par des plaques 7 en matériau réfractaire appliquées contre les extrémités des cylindres 6, 6'. L'acier liquide se solidifie dans la lingotière sous forme d'une bande mince 8 d'acier inoxydable, dont l'épaisseur est de l'ordre de 1 à 10 mm pour ce type de machine de coulée, et qui est extraite en continu de la lingotière par des rouleaux pinceurs non représentés. La bande 8 traverse ensuite, de préférence, une enceinte 9 à l'intérieur de laquelle on maintient une atmosphère aussi peu oxydante que possible au moyen d'un inertage par un gaz neutre tel que l'argon ou l'azote, ou par un gaz réducteur tel que l'hydrogène, afin de limiter la formation de calamine à sa surface. Les parois de l'enceinte 9 permettent également de renvoyer sur la bande 8 le rayonnement qui en est issu, et ainsi de limiter les pertes thermiques de la bande 8. Celle-ci passe ensuite, de manière connue, dans un laminoir à chaud 10 dont la fonction est de réduire son épaisseur, de refermer ses éventuelles porosités internes et de provoquer une recristallisation des grains qui est favorable, notamment, pour éviter l'apparition de chiffonnage sur les produits étirés qui seront ultérieurement réalisés à partir de la bande 8. Puis, de manière là encore connue, la bande 8 passe dans un four de recuit 11 si on désire effectuer un tel traitement thermique.It comprises in the first place an installation 1 for continuous strip casting thin, itself composed of a pocket 2 containing the liquid steel to be poured, of a distributor 3 collecting a jet 4 of liquid steel, and supplying a jet 5 of liquid steel with a ingot mold composed of two cylinders 6, 6 'with horizontal axes, internally cooled and rotated in opposite directions. Their cylindrical side surfaces define a space casting with the smallest width corresponding to the thickness of the strip to be cast and which is laterally closed by plates 7 of refractory material applied against ends of cylinders 6, 6 '. The liquid steel solidifies in the mold in the form of a thin strip 8 of stainless steel, the thickness of which is of the order of 1 to 10 mm for this type of a casting machine, which is continuously extracted from the mold by rollers pincers not shown. The strip 8 then preferably passes through an enclosure 9 to the interior of which an atmosphere is kept as little oxidizing as possible at the by inerting with a neutral gas such as argon or nitrogen, or with a reducing gas such as hydrogen, in order to limit the formation of scale on its surface. The walls of the enclosure 9 also makes it possible to return the radiation which results therefrom to the strip 8, and thus limit the thermal losses of the strip 8. The latter then passes, so known in a hot rolling mill 10 whose function is to reduce its thickness, close any internal porosities and cause recrystallization of the grains which is favorable, in particular, to avoid the appearance of ragging on the stretched products which will subsequently be produced from strip 8. Then, in a manner which is also known here, the strip 8 passes through an annealing furnace 11 if it is desired to carry out such a heat treatment.

La partie de l'installation que l'on vient de décrire correspond à la description habituelle d'une installation de coulée continue de bandes minces et d'installations de traitement qui peuvent classiquement lui être directement raccordées. En variante, l'installation de coulée peut être d'un type différent d'une coulée entre cylindres, par exemple une coulée entre bandes défilantes, ou sur un seul cylindre, et produire des bandes un peu plus épaisses ou plus minces que les 1 à 10 mm précédemment cités. De même, la présence du laminoir à chaud 10 n'est qu'optionnelle, ainsi que celle du four de recuit 11, dont la présence et l'utilisation ne sont pas forcément liées à celles du laminoir à chaud 10. Inversement, si on désire effectuer sur la bande 8 venant d'être coulée des traitements thermiques/thermomécaniques plus complexes, il est envisageable d'installer sur la ligne de fabrication d'autres appareils tels que des fours supplémentaires et des refroidisseurs.The part of the installation just described corresponds to the description usual of a thin strip continuous casting installation and treatment which can conventionally be directly connected to it. Alternatively, the casting installation can be of a different type from a casting between cylinders, for example example a casting between running bands, or on a single cylinder, and produce bands a little thicker or thinner than the 1 to 10 mm previously mentioned. Likewise, the presence of the hot rolling mill 10 is only optional, as is that of the annealing furnace 11, the presence and use of which is not necessarily linked to that of the hot rolling mill 10. Conversely, if it is desired to carry out treatments on the strip 8 which has just been poured more complex thermal / thermomechanical, it is possible to install on the manufacture of other devices such as additional ovens and coolers.

La bande 8 passe ensuite dans un premier accumulateur de bande 12, qui sépare la partie « coulée-traitement à chaud » de la partie suivante de la ligne, dans laquelle est effectué le décalaminage de la bande 8. Cet accumulateur 12 permet de rendre indépendantes l'une de l'autre les vitesses de défilement de la bande 8 dans ces deux parties de la ligne, ainsi que de continuer à alimenter en métal l'une des deux parties lorsque l'autre est provisoirement à l'arrêt.The strip 8 then passes through a first strip accumulator 12, which separates the "heat treatment" part of the next part of the line, in which performed descaling of the strip 8. This accumulator 12 makes it possible to independent of each other the running speeds of the strip 8 in these two parts of the line, as well as continuing to supply metal to one of the two parts when the other is temporarily stopped.

A sa sortie de l'accumulateur 12, la bande 8 pénètre dans un brise-oxydes 13, d'un type connu en lui-même, pour fissurer et fragiliser la couche de calamine qui a pu se former sur la surface de la bande 8 malgré les précautions prises. Elle passe ensuite dans une grenailleuse 14, où la calamine est désintégrée par la projection de billes de métal ou de céramique sur la surface de la bande 8. Celle-ci est ensuite préférentiellement débarrassée de ses résidus de calamine, voire également des billes qui ont pu s'y incruster, par une installation de brossage 15 à laquelle peut, par exemple, s'ajouter ou se substituer une installation où on projette sur la bande un fluide sous pression. De préférence, le nettoyage de la surface de la bande 8 est complété par le passage de la bande 8 à l'intérieur d'un ou de plusieurs bacs 16, 17 contenant des bains de décapage (chimiques et/ou électrolytiques), dont les natures sont conditionnées de manière connue par la composition de la bande 8, la durée souhaitable du séjour de la bande 8 dans les bains 16, 17, le type de fini de surface désiré pour la bande 8 etc. Si nécessaire, on fait précéder le premier bac de décapage 16 par une installation de refroidissement de la bande 8. De préférence, ces bacs sont équipés de moyens permettant d'y faire pénétrer ou non la bande 8 selon les besoins précis du moment. Une installation de rinçage 18 et une installation de séchage 19 (et/ou toute autre installation adaptée) éliminent ensuite de la surface de la bande 8 les traces subsistantes des bains de décapage.On leaving the accumulator 12, the strip 8 enters an oxide breaker 13, of a type known in itself, to crack and weaken the layer of scale which may have formed on the surface of the strip 8 despite the precautions taken. Then she goes into a shot blasting machine 14, where the scale is disintegrated by the projection of metal balls or ceramic on the surface of the strip 8. The latter is then preferably freed of its scale residues, or even beads which may have become embedded in it, by a brushing installation 15 to which can, for example, be added or substituted installation where a pressurized fluid is sprayed onto the strip. Preferably, cleaning of the surface of the strip 8 is completed by the passage of the strip 8 inside one or more several tanks 16, 17 containing pickling baths (chemical and / or electrolytic), whose natures are conditioned in a known manner by the composition of the band 8, the desirable length of stay of strip 8 in baths 16, 17, type of surface finish desired for band 8 etc. If necessary, precede the first pickling tank 16 with a strip cooling installation 8. Preferably, these tanks are equipped with means allowing the strip 8 to penetrate there or not, according to the precise needs of the moment. A rinsing installation 18 and a drying installation 19 (and / or any other adapted installation) then remove from the surface of the strip 8 the remaining traces of the pickling baths.

Sans s'écarter de l'invention, des variantes peuvent être apportées à la conception de la partie « décalaminage » de la ligne que l'on vient de décrire et qui ne renferme que des éléments connus en eux-mêmes. On a dit précédemment dans quelles circonstances et de quelle manière on pouvait envisager des simplifications de cette partie de l'installation.Without departing from the invention, variants can be made to the design of the “descaling” part of the line that we have just described and which contains only elements known in themselves. We said earlier under what circumstances and which way we could consider simplifications of this part of the installation.

La bande 8 passe ensuite dans un deuxième accumulateur de bande 20, qui sépare la partie « décalaminage » de la ligne de sa partie « laminage à froid » et rend leurs fonctionnements indépendants.The strip 8 then passes into a second strip accumulator 20, which separates the “descaling” part of the line from its “cold rolling” part and makes their independent operations.

Dans l'exemple représenté, la partie « laminage à froid » de l'installation selon l'invention comporte un unique laminoir de type classique à trois cages assurant la mise à son épaisseur quasi définitive de la bande 8, étant entendu que cette configuration n'est en rien limitative. On peut utiliser un nombre plus petit ou plus grand de cages, ou un laminoir de type Sendzimir. Le laminoir 21 est précédé par une cisaille 22 grâce à laquelle, à l'occasion des changements de cylindres du laminoir 21, la bande 8 est coupée de manière à interrompre l'alimentation du laminoir 21. Pendant cette interruption du fonctionnement du laminoir 21, il n'est pas nécessaire d'arrêter la partie amont de l'installation puisque la bande 8 peut continuer à remplir les premier et deuxième accumulateurs 12, 20. Le laminoir 21 est, de manière connue, suivi par une installation de dégraissage 23 et une installation de séchage 24.In the example shown, the “cold rolling” part of the installation according to the invention comprises a single rolling mill of the conventional type with three stands ensuring the its almost definitive thickness of the strip 8, it being understood that this configuration is not nothing limiting. You can use a smaller or larger number of cages, or a rolling mill Sendzimir type. The rolling mill 21 is preceded by a shear 22 by which, at when changing the rolls of the rolling mill 21, the strip 8 is cut so as to interrupt the supply to the rolling mill 21. During this interruption of the operation of the rolling mill 21, it is not necessary to stop the upstream part of the installation since the strip 8 can continue to fill the first and second accumulators 12, 20. The rolling mill 21 is, in known manner, followed by a degreasing installation 23 and an installation for drying 24.

Comme on l'a évoqué plus haut, on peut prévoir que la section « laminage à froid » de l'installation comporte un deuxième laminoir à froid si la bande pénètre dans cette section à une température relativement élevée, en particulier si on n'utilise pas d'installation de décapage.As mentioned above, it can be envisaged that the “cold rolling” section of the installation includes a second cold rolling mill if the strip enters this section at a relatively high temperature, especially if no installation is used pickling.

La bande 8 passe ensuite dans un troisième accumulateur 25 qui sépare la partie «laminage à froid » de la partie « recuit-décapage» de la ligne et rend leurs fonctionnements indépendants.The strip 8 then passes into a third accumulator 25 which separates the part “Cold rolling” of the “annealing-pickling” part of the line and makes their independent operations.

Dans l'exemple représenté, la partie « recuit-décapage » de la ligne comporte d'abord un four de recuit 26 de type classique, auquel succède un refroidisseur 27. puis la bande 8 pénètre dans des bacs de décapage 28, 29 de type chimique et/ou électrolytique, renfermant des bains de compositions connues en elles-mêmes. De préférence, ces bacs 28, 29 sont chacun équipés de moyens permettant de faire en sorte que, au choix des opérateurs, la bande 8 y transite ou les évite. On a représenté sur la figure unique deux bains de décapage, mais bien entendu, selon les besoins, ils peuvent être plus ou moins nombreux. Les traitements de recuit-décapage conduits à cet endroit de l'installation selon l'invention ne se distinguent pas particulièrement des traitements qu'il est habituel d'exécuter sur les installations classiques de fabrication de bandes laminées à froid. La bande 8 passe ensuite dans une installation de rinçage 30 et une installation de séchage 31.In the example shown, the “annealing-pickling” part of the line comprises first an annealing oven 26 of conventional type, which is followed by a cooler 27. then the strip 8 penetrates into pickling tanks 28, 29 of chemical and / or electrolytic type, containing baths of compositions known in themselves. Preferably, these tanks 28, 29 are each equipped with means making it possible for the choice of operators, band 8 transits or avoids them. The single figure shows two baths pickling, but of course, as needed, they can be more or less numerous. The annealing-pickling treatments carried out at this location of the installation according to the invention do not differ particularly from the treatments which it is usual to carry out on conventional cold rolled strip manufacturing facilities. Band 8 then passes in a rinsing installation 30 and a drying installation 31.

Le four de recuit 26 peut comporter à son entrée un dispositif de chauffage par induction. Celui-ci fournit une importante puissance de chauffage instantanée qui permet d'amener rapidement la bande 8 à sa température de traitement nominale. Cette puissance est, de plus, facilement modulable, ce qui donne la possibilité de faire varier aisément le temps de séjour de la bande 8 dans le four de recuit 26 nécessaire à l'exécution du traitement métallurgique souhaité, en jouant sur la quantité d'énergie apportée à la bande 8 dans le dispositif à induction. On se donne ainsi un degré de liberté supplémentaire dans la gestion de l'ensemble de la ligne.The annealing furnace 26 may comprise at its inlet a device for heating by induction. This provides significant instantaneous heating power which allows quickly bring the strip 8 to its nominal treatment temperature. That power is, moreover, easily modular, which gives the possibility of easily varying the residence time of the strip 8 in the annealing furnace 26 necessary for the execution of the desired metallurgical treatment, by varying the amount of energy supplied to the strip 8 in the induction device. We thus give ourselves an additional degree of freedom in the management of the entire line.

Comme on l'a dit, la partie « recuit-décapage » que l'on vient de décrire peut être remplacée par une installation de recuit brillant, selon le type de produits que l'on désire fabriquer.As we said, the “annealing-pickling” part that we have just described can be replaced by a bright annealing system, depending on the type of product you want manufacture.

La bande 8 passe ensuite dans un quatrième accumulateur 32 qui sépare la partie « recuit-décapage » du laminoir écrouisseur 33 et rend leurs fonctionnements indépendants.The strip 8 then passes through a fourth accumulator 32 which separates the part “Annealing-pickling” of the hardener rolling mill 33 and makes their operations independent.

Le laminoir écrouisseur (ou « skin-pass ») 33, qui peut être complété par une planeuse sous traction 34, a classiquement pour fonction de conférer à la bande sa structure métallurgique et son état de surface définitifs, ce qui va de pair avec une très légère réduction de son épaisseur. Là encore, celui de l'installation selon l'invention ne se distingue pas de ceux qu'il est classique d'utiliser sur les lignes de laminage à froid de l'art antérieur.The hardener rolling mill (or “skin-pass”) 33, which can be supplemented by a leveler under tension 34, conventionally has the function of giving the strip its structure metallurgical and its final surface condition, which goes hand in hand with a very slight reduction of its thickness. Again, that of the installation according to the invention is not distinguished not those which it is conventional to use on the cold rolling lines of the prior art.

La bande 8 passe ensuite dans un cinquième accumulateur 35 qui sépare le laminoir écrouisseur 33 de la partie « bobinage » de la ligne, et permet de régler la vitesse et la tension de bobinage de la bande 8 indépendamment de la vitesse de défilement de la bande dans le laminoir écrouisseur 33.The strip 8 then passes into a fifth accumulator 35 which separates the rolling mill hardener 33 of the “winding” part of the line, and makes it possible to adjust the speed and web winding tension 8 regardless of the web running speed in the hardener rolling mill 33.

Après le cinquième accumulateur 35, la bande passe préférentiellement par une cisaille de rives 36, qui découpe les bords de la bande ne présentant pas une qualité métallurgique suffisante pour être exploités. Elle est ensuite conditionnée sur une bobineuse 37, précédée d'une cisaille 38 qui sectionne la bande 8 lorsque la bobineuse 37 est sur le point d'être entièrement remplie. On n'a représenté qu'une seule bobineuse 37, mais il est bien entendu qu'il doit y en avoir au moins deux, de façon à pouvoir orienter la bande vers la bobineuse vide dès que l'autre est remplie, comme c'est le cas sur les lignes de laminage à froid traditionnelles. After the fifth accumulator 35, the strip preferentially passes through a edge shears 36, which cuts the edges of the strip not having a quality metallurgical sufficient to be exploited. It is then packaged on a winder 37, preceded by a shear 38 which cuts the strip 8 when the winder 37 is on the not to be fully filled. Only one winder 37 has been shown, but it is of course there must be at least two, so that you can orient the strip towards the winder is empty as soon as the other is filled, as is the case on the rolling lines traditional cold.

En variante, on peut prévoir d'équiper l'installation selon l'invention d'un deuxième laminoir à froid, disposé par exemple après la section de recuit-décapage, si on estime préférable de réaliser la réduction d'épaisseur de la bande 8 en plusieurs étapes bien séparées. Ce deuxième laminoir à froid peut lui-même être suivi par une autre section de recuit-décapage.As a variant, provision may be made to equip the installation according to the invention with a second cold rolling mill, arranged for example after the annealing-pickling section, if considers it preferable to carry out the reduction in thickness of the strip 8 in several stages although separated. This second cold rolling mill can itself be followed by another section of annealing-pickling.

Il va de soi que l'installation selon l'invention est à compléter par tout appareillage annexe qu'il est habituel de trouver sur les installations indépendantes selon l'art antérieur et que l'on n'aurait pas mentionné dans cette description, tels que des appareils de contrôle de la qualité de surface et de la planéité des produits.It goes without saying that the installation according to the invention is to be completed by any apparatus annex which it is usual to find on independent installations according to the prior art and that would not have been mentioned in this description, such as the surface quality and the flatness of the products.

Au cas où il serait possible, sans interrompre le fonctionnement de l'installation de laminage à froid, de traiter une quantité d'acier supérieure à celle que peut couler sans interruption l'installation de coulée continue, on peut prévoir de disposer d'une deuxième installation de coulée continue (éventuellement équipée de son propre laminoir à chaud et/ou de son propre four de recuit), et d'une installation de raboutage permettant de raccorder le début de la bande coulée par l'une des installations de coulée continue à la fin de la bande coulée par l'autre installation de coulée continue. Ce raccord pourrait être effectué, par exemple, juste en amont de la partie « décalaminage » de l'installation.If it is possible, without interrupting the operation of the installation of cold rolling, to process a quantity of steel greater than that which can flow without interruption of the continuous casting installation, we can plan to have a second continuous casting installation (possibly equipped with its own hot rolling mill and / or its own annealing furnace), and a splicing installation allowing connect the start of the casting strip by one of the continuous casting installations at the end of the strip cast by the other continuous casting installation. This fitting could be carried out, for example, just upstream of the "descaling" part of the installation.

Pour le pilotage de l'installation, qui est de préférence réalisé par des moyens informatiques, on choisit la composition, les autres caractéristiques métallurgiques et l'épaisseur finale que l'on désire donner à la bande 8, et on accorde les paramètres de fonctionnement des différentes parties de l'installation en fonction des impératifs métallurgiques à respecter et des productivités respectives à imposer aux divers éléments de l'installation. Généralement, l'étape de référence en fonction de laquelle les paramètres opératoires de l'installation doivent être réglés est le séjour de la bande 8 dans le four de recuit 26. C'est la durée à imposer à ce séjour, calculée pour une bande 8 d'épaisseur donnée à ce stade de la fabrication, qui va conditionner notamment :

  • la vitesse de coulée de la bande 8 dans la machine de coulée continue 1 et son épaisseur à la sortie de ladite machine 1 ;
  • la répartition de la réduction d'épaisseur de la bande 8 entre l'étape de laminage à chaud dans le laminoir à chaud 10 (s'il y en a un sur l'installation) et la ou les étapes de laminage à froid dans le laminoir 21 ;
  • les longueurs de bande 8 présentes dans les divers accumulateurs 12, 20, 25, 32, 35 ; ces accumulateurs (il peut y en avoir davantage ou moins que ce qui a été donné en exemple) confèrent une souplesse de fonctionnement adéquate à l'installation; ils permettent d'éviter, par exemple, que la bande 8 ne séjourne pas assez ou trop longtemps dans les bacs de décapage 16, 17, 28, 29, ce qui entraínerait des décapages insuffisants ou, au contraire, des surdécapages qui consommeraient inutilement du métal.
For the control of the installation, which is preferably carried out by computer means, the composition, the other metallurgical characteristics and the final thickness which it is desired to give to the strip 8 are chosen, and the operating parameters are granted. of the different parts of the installation according to the metallurgical requirements to be respected and the respective productivities to be imposed on the various elements of the installation. Generally, the reference stage according to which the operating parameters of the installation must be adjusted is the stay of the strip 8 in the annealing furnace 26. This is the duration to be imposed on this stay, calculated for a strip 8 of thickness given at this stage of manufacture, which will condition in particular:
  • the speed of casting of the strip 8 in the continuous casting machine 1 and its thickness at the exit from said machine 1;
  • the distribution of the strip thickness reduction 8 between the hot rolling step in the hot rolling mill 10 (if there is one on the installation) and the cold rolling step (s) in the rolling mill 21;
  • the strip lengths 8 present in the various accumulators 12, 20, 25, 32, 35; these accumulators (there may be more or less than what has been given as an example) confer an adequate operating flexibility to the installation; they avoid, for example, that the strip 8 does not stay long enough or too long in the pickling tanks 16, 17, 28, 29, which would lead to insufficient stripping or, on the contrary, over-stripping which would consume unnecessarily metal.

Claims (19)

  1. Method for manufacturing thin stainless steel strips whereby the following is done successively and continuously on a single processing line:
    continuous casting of a stainless steel strip directly from liquid metal;
    descaling of the said strip;
    cold rolling of the said strip;
    an annealing and cleaning or a bright annealing operation on the said strip;
    a final forming operation on the said strip such as passing through a cold hardening rolling mill;
    coiling of the said strip.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the continuous casting of the said strip is performed by continuous casting between two internally cooled horizontal rollers rotating in opposite directions.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that hot rolling of the said strip follows continuous casting.
  4. Method according to Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the said strip is annealed after it is cast or after it is hot rolled.
  5. Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the said strip is descaled by shot blasting and/or brushing and/or discharging a fluid onto it.
  6. Method according to Claim 5, characterised in that the descaling is preceded by the strip being passed going into an oxide-breaker.
  7. Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that it contains a second stage of cold rolling the said strip, possibly followed by an annealing and cleaning stage.
  8. Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that operation of the said processing line is managed in relation to the required time for the operation of annealing the said strip.
  9. Plant for producing cold rolled stainless steel strips (8), comprising in turn:
    plant for continuous casting of thin strips (8) directly from liquid metal;
    descaling plant;
    cold rolling plant (21);
    annealing/cleaning (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31) or bright annealing plant;
    plant for final forming of the strip (8) such as a cold hardening rolling mill (39);
    plant (37) for coiling the strip (8);
    all of these plants being arranged on the same continuous line, and at least some of them being separated by a strip buffer store (12, 20, 25, 32, 35).
  10. Plant according to Claim 9, characterised in that the said continuous casting plant is a casting plant (1) between two internally cooled horizontal rollers (6, 6') rotating in different directions.
  11. Plant according to Claim 9 or 10, characterised in that it has a hot rolling mill (10) after the continuous casting plant.
  12. Plant according to one of the Claims 9 to 11, characterised in that it has an annealing furnace (11) after the casting plant or the hot rolling mill (10).
  13. Plant according to one of the Claims 9 to 12, characterised in that the descaling plant consists of a shot blasting plant (14) and/or a brushing plant (15) and/or a plant for discharging fluid on to the surface of the strip (8),
  14. Plant according to Claim 13, characterised in that the descaling plant is preceded by an oxide-breaker (13).
  15. Plant according to one of the Claims 9 to 14, characterised in that the descaling plant is followed by a plant (16, 17, 18, 19) for cleaning the strip (8).
  16. Plant according to one of the Claims 9 to 15, characterised in that the annealing furnace (26) has at its inlet a device for heating the strip (8) by induction.
  17. Plant according to one of the Claims 9 to 16, characterised in that it has a second plant for cold rolling the strip (8), possibly followed by a second annealing/cleaning plant.
  18. Plant according to one of the Claims 9 to 17, characterised in that the cold hardening rolling mill (33) is followed by a traction planisher (34)
  19. Plant according to one of the Claims 9 to 18, characterised in that it has a second continuous casting plant and a joining installation which allows the beginning of the strip cast by one of the continuous casting plants to be connected to the end of the strip cast by the other continuous casting plant.
EP99904921A 1998-02-25 1999-02-22 Installation for making cold-rolled stainless steel bands Expired - Lifetime EP1058588B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9802264 1998-02-25
FR9802264A FR2775205B1 (en) 1998-02-25 1998-02-25 INSTALLATION FOR MANUFACTURING COLD ROLLED STAINLESS STEEL STRIPS
PCT/FR1999/000388 WO1999043451A1 (en) 1998-02-25 1999-02-22 Installation for making cold-rolled stainless steel bands

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EP1058588B1 true EP1058588B1 (en) 2002-09-18

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ID28239A (en) 2001-05-10
FR2775205A1 (en) 1999-08-27
ATE224246T1 (en) 2002-10-15
FR2775205B1 (en) 2000-03-24
WO1999043451A1 (en) 1999-09-02
US6478899B1 (en) 2002-11-12
KR20010041309A (en) 2001-05-15
ZA991471B (en) 1999-08-24
CA2320942A1 (en) 1999-09-02
DE69903001D1 (en) 2002-10-24
TW431916B (en) 2001-05-01
AU2525899A (en) 1999-09-15
CN1291922A (en) 2001-04-18
BR9908239A (en) 2000-10-31
EP1058588A1 (en) 2000-12-13
JP2002504434A (en) 2002-02-12

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