EP1045137A2 - Ignition device for piston combustion engines - Google Patents

Ignition device for piston combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1045137A2
EP1045137A2 EP00105457A EP00105457A EP1045137A2 EP 1045137 A2 EP1045137 A2 EP 1045137A2 EP 00105457 A EP00105457 A EP 00105457A EP 00105457 A EP00105457 A EP 00105457A EP 1045137 A2 EP1045137 A2 EP 1045137A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
electrode
ignition device
counter electrode
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00105457A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1045137A3 (en
EP1045137B1 (en
Inventor
Josef Holzmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
    • F02P15/04—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits one of the spark electrodes being mounted on the engine working piston

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ignition device with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an ignition device is known from WO 96/13660 A. It is a Spark To Piston "Device in which the piston electrode protrudes slightly from the piston crown and is aligned with the counter electrode, which is located approximately in the center of the combustion chamber. Such a device is particularly unsuitable for igniting extremely lean mixtures, since the spark gap only There is a minimal distance at the top dead center of the piston .. Whether an ignition spark actually forms depends on various factors that differ over the entire operating range of the internal combustion engine, including a sufficiently ignitable mixture, the operating temperature, the ignition energy and the slope for the structure of the secondary voltage.
  • the invention has for its object an ignition device of the aforementioned To create a type that is sure to be a winner even with extremely lean mixtures Triggers ignition process.
  • the Length of the spark gap for a period of time that is longer than the ignition duration and includes this period of time keep it at least approximately constant. While During this time, the piston and counter electrodes lead over a certain path of the counter electrode a relative movement through. This allows the time at which the ignition actually takes place, variable at least within certain limits be chosen on the movement of the piston. The time can therefore be sent to the be adapted to the respective operating conditions and in accordance with these conditions vary.
  • the device described with the features of claim 3 draws compared to an alternative device, in which also the counter electrode is characterized by a simple construction.
  • Cylinder 1 In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 is in one Cylinder 1 is a piston 2, which is movable by a drive 3. In the bottom 4 of the piston 2 there is a piston electrode 5 which emerges from the bottom as shown protrudes.
  • a counter-electrode 6 is assigned to the electrode 5 and is connected via a high-voltage supply 7 and a high-voltage connection 8 with a not shown Ignition coil is connected.
  • the electrode 5 moves during the movement of the piston 2 past the counter electrode 6.
  • the electrode 5 moves during a period which is before the top dead center of the piston 2 shown in FIG. 2 and ends significantly after this point in time, there is a constant minimum distance between electrodes 5 and 6.
  • an ignition spark if the high-voltage connection 8 is actuated accordingly with which it is possible to ignite particularly lean mixtures.
  • the piston electrode 15 is a support point in the piston crown educated. It consists of an electrically conductive cap 17 on a Isolator 18 sits. The insulator 18 is fastened in the piston crown. A spark that forms between the piston crown 4 and the counter electrode 6, overcomes now two insulation sections 19 and 20, namely between the counter electrode 6 and the cap 17 on the one hand (19) and between the cap 17 and the bottom 4 (20). The overall path to be overcome is significantly less than at least minimum distance 21 existing during the ignition process the counter electrode 6 and the bottom 4.
  • the ignition devices shown are therefore particularly suitable for use in Internal combustion engines with gasoline direct injection, where only an ignitable locally Mixture is present.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The ignition device has a movable piston electrode (5) incorporated in the base (4) of the reciprocating piston (2), coopera with a counter-electrode (6) incorporated in the cylinder head, positioned so that the spark gap between them is less than the minimum relative spacing between the electrodes, e.g. by positioning the piston electrode to one side of the counter-electrode, that it projects beyond the latter in the upper dead-point position of the piston.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Zündvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to an ignition device with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Zündvorrichtung ist aus der WO 96/13660 A bekannt. Es handelt sich dabei um eine

Figure 00010001
Spark To Piston" Vorrichtung, bei der die Kolbenelektrode geringfügig aus dem Kolbenboden hervorsteht und fluchtend zur Gegen-Elektrode angeordnet ist, die sich etwa im Zentrum des Brennraums befindet. Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist insbesondere zum Zünden extrem magerer Gemische nicht geeignet, da die Funkenstrecke nur am oberen Totpunkt des Kolbens einen minimalen Abstand besitzt. Ob sich dabei tatsächlich ein Zündfunke ausbildet, hängt von verschiedenen Faktoren ab, die über den gesamten Betriebsbereich der Brennkraftmaschine unterschiedlich sind. Hierzu gehören ein ausreichend zündfähiges Gemisch, die Betriebstemperatur, die Zündenergie und die Flankensteilheit für den Aufbau der Sekundärspannung.Such an ignition device is known from WO 96/13660 A. It is a
Figure 00010001
Spark To Piston "Device in which the piston electrode protrudes slightly from the piston crown and is aligned with the counter electrode, which is located approximately in the center of the combustion chamber. Such a device is particularly unsuitable for igniting extremely lean mixtures, since the spark gap only There is a minimal distance at the top dead center of the piston .. Whether an ignition spark actually forms depends on various factors that differ over the entire operating range of the internal combustion engine, including a sufficiently ignitable mixture, the operating temperature, the ignition energy and the slope for the structure of the secondary voltage.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Zündvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die auch bei extrem mageren Gemischen sicher einen Zündvorgang auslöst.The invention has for its object an ignition device of the aforementioned To create a type that is sure to be a winner even with extremely lean mixtures Triggers ignition process.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1.

Durch die im Vergleich zum Abstand der Gegen-Elektrode vom Kolbenboden kleinere Funkenstrecke ist die zum Zünden des Kraftstoff-Luftgemischs erforderliche Zündenergie wesentlich geringer als bei der nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Anordnung. Dadurch wird bei gleichbleibender Zündenergie auch die Zündsicherheit erhöht.Because of the smaller compared to the distance of the counter electrode from the piston crown Spark gap is the required to ignite the fuel-air mixture Ignition energy much lower than that known from the prior art Arrangement. As a result, the ignition reliability is maintained while the ignition energy remains the same elevated.

Konstruktive Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Patentansprüchen angegeben. Bei der im Patentanspruch 2 angegebenen Ausführung läßt sich die Länge der Funkenstrecke während einer Zeitdauer, die länger als die Zünddauer ist und diese Zeitdauer einschließt, zumindest annähernd konstant halten. Während dieser Zeit führen Kolben- und Gegen-Elektrode über einen gewissen Weg der Gegen-Elektrode eine Relativbewegung durch. Dadurch kann der Zeitpunkt, zu dem tatsächlich die Zündung erfolgt, zumindest in gewissen Grenzen variabel in bezug auf die Bewegung des Kolbens gewählt werden. Der Zeitpunkt kann daher an die jeweiligen Betriebsbedingungen angepaßt werden und entsprechend diesen Bedingungen variieren.Structural embodiments of the invention are in the further claims specified. In the embodiment specified in claim 2, the Length of the spark gap for a period of time that is longer than the ignition duration and includes this period of time, keep it at least approximately constant. While During this time, the piston and counter electrodes lead over a certain path of the counter electrode a relative movement through. This allows the time at which the ignition actually takes place, variable at least within certain limits be chosen on the movement of the piston. The time can therefore be sent to the be adapted to the respective operating conditions and in accordance with these conditions vary.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen dieser Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Patentansprüche 3 bis 5.Advantageous embodiments of this embodiment variant of the invention are the subject of claims 3 to 5.

Die mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 3 beschriebene Vorrichtung zeichnet sich gegenüber einer alternativen Vorrichtung, bei der auch die Gegen-Elektrode bewegt wird, durch einen einfachen konstruktiven Aufbau aus.The device described with the features of claim 3 draws compared to an alternative device, in which also the counter electrode is characterized by a simple construction.

Mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 4 ergibt sich eine Vorrichtung, die auf besonders einfache Weise eine Konstanz der Funkenstrecke über einen gewissen Weg des Kolbens erreicht.With the features of claim 4 results in a device that is particularly simple way to maintain a constant spark gap over a certain Path of the piston reached.

Schließlich dienen die Mittel des Patentanspruchs 5 dazu, die Ausbildung eines Zündfunkens noch stärker zu fördern.Finally, the means of claim 5 are used to form a To promote spark even more.

Eine weitere Ausführungsvariante, die alternativ oder ergänzend zur ersten Variante einsetzbar ist, ist in den Patentansprüchen 6 und 7 angegeben.Another variant, which is an alternative or in addition to the first variant can be used is specified in claims 6 and 7.

Anhand der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung weiter erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch den Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer ersten Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Zündvorrichtung,
Fig. 2
den Schnitt von Fig. 1 für einen demgegenüber geänderten Bewegungszustand des Kolbens, und
Fig. 3
eine zweite Ausführungsform in schematischer Darstellung.
The invention is further explained on the basis of the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
2 shows a section through the cylinder of an internal combustion engine with a first embodiment of the ignition device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
the section of Fig. 1 for a changed state of motion of the piston, and
Fig. 3
a second embodiment in a schematic representation.

Bei dem in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel befindet sich in einem Zylinder 1 ein Kolben 2, der durch einen Antrieb 3 bewegbar ist. Im Boden 4 des Kolbens 2 befindet sich eine Kolben-Elektrode 5, die aus dem Boden wie dargestellt hervorsteht.In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 is in one Cylinder 1 is a piston 2, which is movable by a drive 3. In the bottom 4 of the piston 2 there is a piston electrode 5 which emerges from the bottom as shown protrudes.

Der Elektrode 5 zugeordnet ist eine Gegen-Elektrode 6, die über eine Hochspannungszuführung 7 und einen Hochspannungsanschluß 8 mit einer nicht dargestellten Zündspule verbunden ist.A counter-electrode 6 is assigned to the electrode 5 and is connected via a high-voltage supply 7 and a high-voltage connection 8 with a not shown Ignition coil is connected.

Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 zu erkennen, bewegt sich die Elektrode 5 bei der Bewegung des Kolbens 2 an der Gegen-Elektrode 6 vorbei. Während eines Zeitraums, der vor Erreichen des in Fig. 2 dargestellten oberen Totpunkts des Kolbens 2 liegt und deutlich nach diesem Zeitpunkt endet, besteht ein gleichbleibender Minimalabstand zwischen den Elektroden 5 und 6. Innerhalb dieses Minimalabstands bildet sich bei entsprechender Ansteuerung des Hochspannungsanschlusses 8 ein Zündfunke aus, mit dem es möglich ist, auch besonders magere Gemische zu entflammen.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the electrode 5 moves during the movement of the piston 2 past the counter electrode 6. During a period which is before the top dead center of the piston 2 shown in FIG. 2 and ends significantly after this point in time, there is a constant minimum distance between electrodes 5 and 6. Forms within this minimum distance an ignition spark if the high-voltage connection 8 is actuated accordingly with which it is possible to ignite particularly lean mixtures.

Beim Beispiel von Fig. 3 ist die Kolben-Elektrode 15 als Stützstelle im Kolbenboden ausgebildet. Sie besteht aus einer elektrisch leitfähigen Kappe 17, die auf einem Isolator 18 sitzt. Der Isolator 18 ist im Kolbenboden befestigt. Ein Zündfunken, der sich zwischen dem Kolben-Boden 4 und der Gegen-Elektrode 6 ausbildet, überwindet nunmehr zwei Isolationsstrecken 19 und 20, nämlich zwischen der Gegenlektrode 6 und der Kappe 17 einerseits (19) und zwischen der Kappe 17 und dem Boden 4 (20). Der dabei insgesamt zu überwindende Weg ist deutlich geringer als der zumindest während des Zündvorgangs bestehende minimale Abstand 21 zwischen der Gegen-Elektrode 6 und dem Boden 4.In the example of FIG. 3, the piston electrode 15 is a support point in the piston crown educated. It consists of an electrically conductive cap 17 on a Isolator 18 sits. The insulator 18 is fastened in the piston crown. A spark that forms between the piston crown 4 and the counter electrode 6, overcomes now two insulation sections 19 and 20, namely between the counter electrode 6 and the cap 17 on the one hand (19) and between the cap 17 and the bottom 4 (20). The overall path to be overcome is significantly less than at least minimum distance 21 existing during the ignition process the counter electrode 6 and the bottom 4.

Auch eine Ausführung, bei der die Gegen-Elektrode 6 während des Zündvorgangs analog zu Fig.2 über die Elektrode 15 hinausragt, liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, sofern die Summe aus den Strecken 19 und 20 kleiner als die entsprechende Strecke 21 ist.Also an embodiment in which the counter electrode 6 during the ignition process protrudes beyond the electrode 15 analogously to FIG. 2, is within the scope of the invention, provided that the sum of routes 19 and 20 is smaller than the corresponding route 21 is.

Damit eignen sich die dargestellten Zündvorrichtungen besonders zum Einsatz bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit Benzin-Direkteinspritzung, bei denen nur lokal ein zündfähiges Gemisch vorhanden ist.The ignition devices shown are therefore particularly suitable for use in Internal combustion engines with gasoline direct injection, where only an ignitable locally Mixture is present.

Claims (7)

Zündvorrichtung für Kolben-Brennkraftmaschinen mit einer im Kolbenboden angeordneten bewegbaren Kolbenelektrode und einer im Zylinderkopf angeordneten Gegen-Elektrode, und mit einer sich zwischen den beiden Elektroden ausbildenden Funkenstrecke, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die räumliche Anordnung der beiden Elektroden derart ist, daß die Funkenstrecke kleiner als der minimale Abstand zwischen der Gegen-Elektrode und dem Kolbenboden ist.Ignition device for piston internal combustion engines with a movable piston electrode arranged in the piston head and a counter electrode arranged in the cylinder head, and with a spark gap formed between the two electrodes, characterized in that the spatial arrangement of the two electrodes is such that the spark gap is smaller than is the minimum distance between the counter electrode and the piston crown. Zündvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die räumliche Zuordnung der beiden Elektroden derart ist, daß der minimale Abstand der beiden Elektroden unmittelbar vor und/oder nach dem Zündvorgang zumindest annähernd konstant ist.Ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spatial assignment of the two electrodes is such that the minimum distance between the two electrodes immediately before and / or after the ignition process is at least approximately constant. Zündvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kolbenelektrode seitlich zur Gegenelektrode bewegt ist.Ignition device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the piston electrode is moved laterally to the counter electrode. Zündvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kolbenelektrode am oberen Totpunkt des Kolbens über die Gegenelektrode hinausragt.Ignition device according to claim 3, characterized in that the piston electrode projects above the counter electrode at the top dead center of the piston. Zündvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gegenelektrode einen zur Kolbenelektrode hin gerichteten elektrisch leitenden Fortsatz aufweist. Ignition device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the counter electrode has an electrically conductive extension directed towards the piston electrode. Zündvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenstrecke einen konstanten längenmäßig invariablen Anteil besitzt.Ignition device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spark gap has a constant portion which is invariable in length. Zündvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kolbenelektrode als eine gegenüber dem Kolbenboden isoliert angeordnete Stützstelle aus elektrisch leitfähigem Material ausgebildet ist.Ignition device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the piston electrode is designed as a support point made of electrically conductive material and insulated from the piston crown.
EP00105457A 1999-04-14 2000-03-15 Ignition device for piston combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP1045137B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19916806 1999-04-14
DE19916806A DE19916806A1 (en) 1999-04-14 1999-04-14 Ignition device for piston internal combustion engines

Publications (3)

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EP1045137A2 true EP1045137A2 (en) 2000-10-18
EP1045137A3 EP1045137A3 (en) 2002-07-31
EP1045137B1 EP1045137B1 (en) 2006-02-22

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EP00105457A Expired - Lifetime EP1045137B1 (en) 1999-04-14 2000-03-15 Ignition device for piston combustion engines

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US (1) US6453862B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1045137B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2000297734A (en)
DE (2) DE19916806A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2257983T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE522013C2 (en) * 2000-01-28 2004-01-07 Saab Automobile Method for generating ignition spark and ignition electrode arrangement in an internal combustion engine
US6634331B2 (en) * 2001-07-12 2003-10-21 Rosario Truglio Piston with integrated spark electrode
US7004120B2 (en) * 2003-05-09 2006-02-28 Warren James C Opposed piston engine
US20080300473A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2008-12-04 Cas Medical Systems , Inc. Stabilized Multi-Wavelength Laser System for Non-Invasive Spectrophotometric Monitoring
US8813717B2 (en) * 2009-10-06 2014-08-26 Imagineering, Inc. Internal combustion engine
JP2017227164A (en) * 2016-06-22 2017-12-28 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Ignitor of internal combustion engine

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996013660A1 (en) 1994-10-27 1996-05-09 Saab Automobile Aktiebolag Fuel injection arrangement with ignition plug function

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE214918C (en) *
US664360A (en) * 1896-12-26 1900-12-18 Albert T Otto Igniter gas or oil engines.
US1401231A (en) * 1921-07-09 1921-12-27 Anderson August Eugene Contact for spark-gaps
DE634853C (en) * 1934-07-17 1936-09-07 Otto Nagel Ignition device for internal combustion engines
DE633611C (en) * 1934-12-20 1936-07-31 Otto Nagel Adjustable ignition device for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996013660A1 (en) 1994-10-27 1996-05-09 Saab Automobile Aktiebolag Fuel injection arrangement with ignition plug function

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2257983T3 (en) 2006-08-16
JP2000297734A (en) 2000-10-24
DE19916806A1 (en) 2000-10-26
DE50012242D1 (en) 2006-04-27
EP1045137A3 (en) 2002-07-31
US6453862B1 (en) 2002-09-24
EP1045137B1 (en) 2006-02-22

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