EP0994234A2 - Rotating head of a drilling column with clutch coupling - Google Patents
Rotating head of a drilling column with clutch coupling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0994234A2 EP0994234A2 EP99830602A EP99830602A EP0994234A2 EP 0994234 A2 EP0994234 A2 EP 0994234A2 EP 99830602 A EP99830602 A EP 99830602A EP 99830602 A EP99830602 A EP 99830602A EP 0994234 A2 EP0994234 A2 EP 0994234A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotating head
- motor
- clutch coupling
- reduction
- hydraulic motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000332 tooth crown Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotating head of a drilling column with clutch coupling.
- the drilling column is constituted by a mast of a rope hydraulic excavator or by the antenna of a tractor for realising drillings through the use of telescoping bars and various tools.
- the aim of the present invention therefore is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks.
- Another aim of the present invention is to provide a rotating head with such a high speed as to discharge the tools borne by the head lacking an emptying system, such as drills, for which the detachment of the drilling material takes place using the centrifugal force created by the high speed of rotation of the tool itself once it comes out of the ground.
- Yet a further aim of the present invention is to allow to operate the rotating head at all speeds clockwise or counter-clockwise, including the aforesaid fast off-loading speed, automatically allowing the operator, once the off-loading phase of the tool is complete, to resume drilling without having to worry about completely stopping the drilling column.
- the invention solves the problem of providing a rotating head of a drilling column with clutch coupling, which from a general point of view, is characterised in that it comprises a supporting structure circumferentially bearing at least a motor group for the rotation of a sleeve of the rotating head through a crown gear, pivotingly mounted on a base bearing; said at least one motor group including coaxially in cascade a first hydraulic motor, a reduction set with hydraulically commanded friction coupling, a pinion, connected upstream of said reduction set and engaged with said crown gear of the support structure; even just one motor group further bearing, joined coaxially opposite to said first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor with constant displacement and a reduction gear connected to said pinion opposite to said reduction set.
- One of the advantages attained by means of the present invention is that of being able to establish, during the design phase, the drilling torque that the rotating head has to output and consequently to dimension the clutch couplings of the reduction sets. In this way, during the operative phase the established torque values are not exceeded, thereby safeguarding all mechanical and hydraulic parts involved in the operation, which lie upstream of the rotating head according to the present invention.
- One of the advantages obtained by means of the present invention consists essentially of the fact that the rotating head according to the invention can allow a wide range of rotating speeds of the drilling column.
- a high rotating speed, for instance, is useful to discharge tools lacking emptying systems by effect of the centrifugal force.
- the reference number 1 indicates a support structure and the reference numbers 2, 3 indicate two motor groups of the rotating head.
- the support structure 1 is substantially conventional. It presents a base bearing 5 for the rotation of a sleeve 5 of the rotating head by means of a crown gear 6, mounted pivotingly on the base bearing 4.
- each reduction set 8 comprises at least a first epicyclic reduction gear 12, driven by the variable displacement hydraulic motor 7 and connected to a second epicyclic reduction gear 13, through a coaxial coupling shaft 14 whereon a multiple disk clutch coupling 15 is mounted.
- the first epicyclic or sun-and-planet reduction gear 12 is contained inside a box formed by an upper closure flange 16, which bears on a ball bearing 17, an input shaft 18 keyed onto the output shaft (not shown) of the hydraulic motor 7, and by a support 19 for a straight toothed gear crown 20 of the first reduction gear 12.
- the crown 20 are internally engaged satellites 21, such as spur gears, borne on a related train holder 22 and engaged with a sun gear or sprocket 23 keyed onto the input shaft 18.
- the shaft driven by the first epicyclic reduction gear 12 is the coaxial shaft 14 for coupling with the second epicyclic reduction gear 13.
- Coaxially to the shaft 14 is the clutch coupling 15. Externally, it comprises a closure flange 24 integral to the support 19 of the crown 20 of the first reduction gear 12 by means of screws 25, a central body 26, joined superiorly with bolts 27 to the closure flange 24 and inferiorly to a frame 28 of the second epicyclic reduction gear 13.
- a pair of Belleville washers 29 is provided, set against the closure flange 24 of the clutch coupling 15, situated on a support 30 for the Belleville washers 29, a ring 31 for guiding the support 30, driving and driven disks 32, 33 between upper and lower clutch contrast rings 34, 35, on a clutch disk holder 36.
- the disk holder 36 is engaged by means of grooved profiles with a driving flange 37 engaged with a straight tooth crown gear 38 of the second epicyclic reduction gear 13.
- satellites 39 such as spur gears, borne on related train holder 40 and engaged with a sun gear or sprocket 41 keyed onto the coupling shaft 14 between first and second reduction gear.
- the train holder 40 is integral with a grooved sleeve 42, pivotingly mounted, by means of a ball bearing 43, on a lower flange 44 of the second epicyclic reduction gear 13.
- a chamber 45 delimited by the support 30, by the guide ring 31 and by the closure flange 24 is hermetically sealed and constitutes part of a hydraulic circuit with which it communicates through an orifice 46.
- the operation of the rotating head according to the present invention is as follows.
- the motor moment to the crown gear 6 is transmitted by the motor groups 2, 3, in particular by the variable displacement hydraulic motors 7 by means of the coupling of its output shaft with the input shaft 18 of the reduction set 8 ( Figure 2).
- the input shaft 18 belongs to the first epicyclic reduction gear 12 and, thanks to the connection with the satellite gear holder 22, achieves the first reduction ratio by reaction with the fixed crown gear 20.
- the motor moment is transmitted to the central shaft 14 which, in turn, transmits it to the second epicyclic reduction gear 13 by means of the reaction with the crown gear 38 which is held motionless by means of the clutch coupling 15, in particular thanks to the pressure of the Belleville washers which press on the pack of driving and driven disks 32, 33.
- the motor moment is transmitted to the pinion 9, and thence to the crown gear 6 and to the base bearing 4, and as a consequence to the sleeve 5 of the rotating head.
- the multiple driving and driven disks 32, 33 of the clutch coupling 15 are associated, for the driving approach, to the pair of Belleville washers 29 set between the closure flange 24 and the Belleville washer support 30, opposite to the related guide ring 31 through the oil tight chamber 45.
- the chamber 45 is part of a hydraulic command circuit for the relative approach of the Belleville washers 29 and the consequent relative separation of the multiple disks 32, 33 for the uncoupling of the clutch coupling 15 and the interruption of the transmission of the motor moment in the reduction set 8.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a rotating head of a drilling column with clutch coupling. The drilling column is constituted by a mast of a rope hydraulic excavator or by the antenna of a tractor for realising drillings through the use of telescoping bars and various tools.
- In current rotating heads the transmission of the motor moment, provided in general by hydraulic motors, at the end of the drilling column, bearing the rotating head is obtained by means of mechanical couplings. However, the use of a mechanical coupling in a rotating head presents the drawback of entailing the restoration of the correct engagement in the transmission of the mechanical moment after the rotating column has stopped rotating. Such a stop can be consequent to the inversion of the direction of rotation of the drilling column, for instance when a fast discharge needs to be performed. To avoid this, in the past use has been made of synchronisers, with the complexities and drawbacks deriving from their employment.
- The aim of the present invention therefore is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks.
- Another aim of the present invention is to provide a rotating head with such a high speed as to discharge the tools borne by the head lacking an emptying system, such as drills, for which the detachment of the drilling material takes place using the centrifugal force created by the high speed of rotation of the tool itself once it comes out of the ground.
- Yet a further aim of the present invention is to allow to operate the rotating head at all speeds clockwise or counter-clockwise, including the aforesaid fast off-loading speed, automatically allowing the operator, once the off-loading phase of the tool is complete, to resume drilling without having to worry about completely stopping the drilling column.
- The invention, as it is characterised by the claims that follow, solves the problem of providing a rotating head of a drilling column with clutch coupling, which from a general point of view, is characterised in that it comprises a supporting structure circumferentially bearing at least a motor group for the rotation of a sleeve of the rotating head through a crown gear, pivotingly mounted on a base bearing; said at least one motor group including coaxially in cascade a first hydraulic motor, a reduction set with hydraulically commanded friction coupling, a pinion, connected upstream of said reduction set and engaged with said crown gear of the support structure; even just one motor group further bearing, joined coaxially opposite to said first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor with constant displacement and a reduction gear connected to said pinion opposite to said reduction set.
- One of the advantages attained by means of the present invention is that of being able to establish, during the design phase, the drilling torque that the rotating head has to output and consequently to dimension the clutch couplings of the reduction sets. In this way, during the operative phase the established torque values are not exceeded, thereby safeguarding all mechanical and hydraulic parts involved in the operation, which lie upstream of the rotating head according to the present invention.
- One of the advantages obtained by means of the present invention consists essentially of the fact that the rotating head according to the invention can allow a wide range of rotating speeds of the drilling column. A high rotating speed, for instance, is useful to discharge tools lacking emptying systems by effect of the centrifugal force.
- Further features and advantages of the invention shall be made more readily apparent from the content of the detailed description that follows, of a preferred embodiment illustrated purely by way of non limiting indication in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
- Figure 1 schematically shows a partially sectioned side view of a rotating head according to the present invention;
- Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of a reduction set for the rotating head according to the present invention;
- In accordance with the present invention, in Figure 1 the reference number 1 indicates a support structure and the
reference numbers 2, 3 indicate two motor groups of the rotating head. - The support structure 1 is substantially conventional. It presents a
base bearing 5 for the rotation of asleeve 5 of the rotating head by means of a crown gear 6, mounted pivotingly on the base bearing 4. - Each of the
motor groups 2, 3, which can be more than two, but at the limit even just one, includes coaxially in cascade ahydraulic motor 7, for instance with variable displacement, a reduction set 8, a pinion 9 engaged with the crown gear 6. Even just one of the motor groups, thegroup 2 in the drawing, also bears, joined coaxially to the side opposite the variable displacementhydraulic motor 7, ahydraulic motor 10, for instance with constant displacement, and areduction gear 11 connected to the pinion 9 to the side opposite the reduction set 8. - With reference to Figure 2, each reduction set 8 comprises at least a first
epicyclic reduction gear 12, driven by the variable displacementhydraulic motor 7 and connected to a secondepicyclic reduction gear 13, through acoaxial coupling shaft 14 whereon a multiple diskclutch coupling 15 is mounted. - With particular reference to the embodiment of the reduction set shown in Figure 2, the first epicyclic or sun-and-
planet reduction gear 12 is contained inside a box formed by anupper closure flange 16, which bears on aball bearing 17, aninput shaft 18 keyed onto the output shaft (not shown) of thehydraulic motor 7, and by asupport 19 for a straighttoothed gear crown 20 of thefirst reduction gear 12. With thecrown 20 are internally engagedsatellites 21, such as spur gears, borne on arelated train holder 22 and engaged with a sun gear orsprocket 23 keyed onto theinput shaft 18. - The shaft driven by the first
epicyclic reduction gear 12 is thecoaxial shaft 14 for coupling with the secondepicyclic reduction gear 13. Coaxially to theshaft 14 is theclutch coupling 15. Externally, it comprises aclosure flange 24 integral to thesupport 19 of thecrown 20 of thefirst reduction gear 12 by means ofscrews 25, acentral body 26, joined superiorly withbolts 27 to theclosure flange 24 and inferiorly to aframe 28 of the secondepicyclic reduction gear 13. - Internally from top to bottom, coaxially to the shaft 14 a pair of
Belleville washers 29 is provided, set against theclosure flange 24 of theclutch coupling 15, situated on asupport 30 for theBelleville washers 29, aring 31 for guiding thesupport 30, driving and drivendisks clutch disk holder 36. Thedisk holder 36 is engaged by means of grooved profiles with a drivingflange 37 engaged with a straighttooth crown gear 38 of the secondepicyclic reduction gear 13. On thesame crown gear 38 are internally engagedsatellites 39, such as spur gears, borne onrelated train holder 40 and engaged with a sun gear orsprocket 41 keyed onto thecoupling shaft 14 between first and second reduction gear. Thetrain holder 40 is integral with agrooved sleeve 42, pivotingly mounted, by means of a ball bearing 43, on alower flange 44 of the secondepicyclic reduction gear 13. - A
chamber 45 delimited by thesupport 30, by theguide ring 31 and by theclosure flange 24 is hermetically sealed and constitutes part of a hydraulic circuit with which it communicates through anorifice 46. - On the
grooved sleeve 41 is mounted the pinion 9 (Figure 1) which, as stated above, is engaged with thereduction gear 11, on the side opposite the secondepicyclic reduction gear 13. - The operation of the rotating head according to the present invention is as follows.
- With reference to Figure 1, the motor moment to the crown gear 6 is transmitted by the
motor groups 2, 3, in particular by the variable displacementhydraulic motors 7 by means of the coupling of its output shaft with theinput shaft 18 of the reduction set 8 (Figure 2). Theinput shaft 18 belongs to the firstepicyclic reduction gear 12 and, thanks to the connection with thesatellite gear holder 22, achieves the first reduction ratio by reaction with the fixedcrown gear 20. - At the output of the first
epicyclic reduction gear 12, the motor moment is transmitted to thecentral shaft 14 which, in turn, transmits it to the secondepicyclic reduction gear 13 by means of the reaction with thecrown gear 38 which is held motionless by means of theclutch coupling 15, in particular thanks to the pressure of the Belleville washers which press on the pack of driving and drivendisks epicyclic reduction gear 13 the motor moment is transmitted to the pinion 9, and thence to the crown gear 6 and to the base bearing 4, and as a consequence to thesleeve 5 of the rotating head. - It should be stressed that the multiple driving and driven
disks clutch coupling 15 are associated, for the driving approach, to the pair of Belleville washers 29 set between theclosure flange 24 and the Bellevillewasher support 30, opposite to therelated guide ring 31 through the oiltight chamber 45. Thechamber 45 is part of a hydraulic command circuit for the relative approach of the Bellevillewashers 29 and the consequent relative separation of themultiple disks clutch coupling 15 and the interruption of the transmission of the motor moment in the reduction set 8. This is obtained by supplying pressurised oil into thechamber 45 through theorifice 46, oil which compresses the Bellevillewashers 29, and the pack of driving and drivendisks crown gear 38 idle and disconnects the secondepicyclic reduction gear 13, interrupting the transmission of the motor moment from thehydraulic motors 7 to the pinion 9. - This occurs in the case of fast discharging, when the motor moment to be transmitted to the
sleeve 5 is not transmitted by thevariable displacement motor 7, but by theconstant displacement motor 10. - The invention thus conceived can be subject to numerous modifications and variations, without thereby departing from the scope of the inventive concept according to the claims. It should further be kept in mind that the hydraulically commanded clutch coupling according to the invention can be applied also to other devices than a rotating head, which represents the currently preferred application, devices wherein a connection between two coaxial shafts needs to be obtained in order to be able to transmit a given torque moment, whilst retaining the possibility of interrupting the connection and reconstruct it at will. Moreover, all components can be replaced with technically equivalent elements.
Claims (5)
- Rotating head of a drilling column with friction coupling, characterised in that it comprises a support structure (1) circumferentially bearing at least a motor set (2, 3) for rotating a sleeve (5) of the rotating head through a crown gear (6), pivotingly mounted on a base bearing (4); said at least one motor group (2,3) including coaxially in cascade a first hydraulic motor, a reduction set (8) with hydraulically commanded clutch coupling (15), a pinion (9), connected upstream of said reduction set (8) and engaged with said crown gear (6) of the support structure (1); even a single motor group (2) also bearing, joined coaxially to the side opposite to said first hydraulic motor (7), a second hydraulic motor (10) and a reduction gear (11) connected to said pinion (9) to the opposite side to said reduction set (8).
- Rotating head according to claim 1, characterised in that said reduction set (8) comprises at least a first epicyclic reduction gear (12), driven by said first motor (7) and connected to a second epicyclic reduction gear (13), by means of a coaxial coupling shaft (14) whereon a multiple-disk clutch coupling (15) is mounted.
- Rotating head according to claim 2, characterised in that said multiple disks (32, 33) of the clutch coupling (15) are associated, for the driving approach, to at least a pair of Belleville washers (29) set between a closure flange (24) and a Belleville washer support (30), opposite to a related guide ring (31) through an oil tight chamber (45): said chamber (45) being part of a hydraulic command circuit for the relative approach of said Belleville washers (29) and the consequent relative separation of said multiple disks (32, 33), for the uncoupling of the clutch coupling (15) and the interruption of the transmission of the motor moment in said reduction set (8).
- Rotating head according to claim 1, characterised in that said first hydraulic motor has variable displacement.
- Rotating head according to claim 1, characterised in that said second hydraulic motor has constant displacement.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITRM980652 | 1998-10-16 | ||
IT1998RM000652A IT1302379B1 (en) | 1998-10-16 | 1998-10-16 | ROTATION HEAD OF A DRILLING COLUMN WITH CLUTCH COUPLING |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0994234A2 true EP0994234A2 (en) | 2000-04-19 |
EP0994234A3 EP0994234A3 (en) | 2001-04-04 |
EP0994234B1 EP0994234B1 (en) | 2004-05-19 |
Family
ID=11406171
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99830602A Expired - Lifetime EP0994234B1 (en) | 1998-10-16 | 1999-09-23 | Rotating head of a drilling column with clutch coupling |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0994234B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE267337T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69917406D1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1302379B1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1970526A2 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2008-09-17 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Top Drive Casing System |
ITUD20110027A1 (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-03 | Casagrande Spa | DRILLING HEAD FOR PERFORATING MACHINES |
CN102817556A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-12 | 无锡金帆钻凿设备股份有限公司 | Multifunctional power head of drilling machine |
CN105099070A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-25 | 吴小杰 | Inner gearing four-split pile driver reducer with inverted motors |
US10174555B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2019-01-08 | Epiroc Rock Drills Aktiebolag | Drilling rig and drill head of a drilling rig |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3741318A (en) * | 1970-09-24 | 1973-06-26 | Robbins Co | Boring machine having internal access feature and disassembly method |
US3774697A (en) * | 1971-12-09 | 1973-11-27 | C Brown | Rotary drive assembly for handling tubular members |
US4711310A (en) * | 1985-01-04 | 1987-12-08 | Luen Lam M | Rotary head |
US5029655A (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1991-07-09 | Turmag Turbo-Maschinen-Ag Nusse & Grafer | Drilling machine for drilling large drilling holes in rock, particularly underground |
US5437338A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1995-08-01 | Poclain Hydraulics | Hydraulic drive unit for driving a drilling tool |
-
1998
- 1998-10-16 IT IT1998RM000652A patent/IT1302379B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1999
- 1999-09-23 DE DE69917406T patent/DE69917406D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-23 AT AT99830602T patent/ATE267337T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-23 EP EP99830602A patent/EP0994234B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3741318A (en) * | 1970-09-24 | 1973-06-26 | Robbins Co | Boring machine having internal access feature and disassembly method |
US3774697A (en) * | 1971-12-09 | 1973-11-27 | C Brown | Rotary drive assembly for handling tubular members |
US4711310A (en) * | 1985-01-04 | 1987-12-08 | Luen Lam M | Rotary head |
US5029655A (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1991-07-09 | Turmag Turbo-Maschinen-Ag Nusse & Grafer | Drilling machine for drilling large drilling holes in rock, particularly underground |
US5437338A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1995-08-01 | Poclain Hydraulics | Hydraulic drive unit for driving a drilling tool |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1970526A2 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2008-09-17 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Top Drive Casing System |
EP1970526A3 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2009-01-28 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Top drive for casing connection |
ITUD20110027A1 (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-03 | Casagrande Spa | DRILLING HEAD FOR PERFORATING MACHINES |
EP2495388A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-05 | CASAGRANDE SpA | Drilling head for drilling machines |
CN102817556A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-12 | 无锡金帆钻凿设备股份有限公司 | Multifunctional power head of drilling machine |
CN102817556B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-08-20 | 无锡金帆钻凿设备股份有限公司 | Multifunctional power head of drilling machine |
US10174555B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2019-01-08 | Epiroc Rock Drills Aktiebolag | Drilling rig and drill head of a drilling rig |
CN105099070A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-25 | 吴小杰 | Inner gearing four-split pile driver reducer with inverted motors |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0994234B1 (en) | 2004-05-19 |
EP0994234A3 (en) | 2001-04-04 |
IT1302379B1 (en) | 2000-09-05 |
ITRM980652A1 (en) | 2000-04-16 |
ATE267337T1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
DE69917406D1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
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