EP0944417A1 - Toy construction set - Google Patents
Toy construction setInfo
- Publication number
- EP0944417A1 EP0944417A1 EP97942456A EP97942456A EP0944417A1 EP 0944417 A1 EP0944417 A1 EP 0944417A1 EP 97942456 A EP97942456 A EP 97942456A EP 97942456 A EP97942456 A EP 97942456A EP 0944417 A1 EP0944417 A1 EP 0944417A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connection
- construction set
- ball
- toy construction
- components
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Definitions
- This invention relates to toy construction sets and specifically to toy
- the parts of the set may be assembled
- spoke arrangement which may also be used to construct a wide variety of
- the present invention is directed to overcoming these disadvantages and to
- toy construction set that is particularly suitable for the construction of animate objects such as animals, birds, insects, dinosaurs and humanoids (robots,
- the present invention is directed to a construction set that is particularly
- the construction set are analogous to bones and moveable joints.
- the construction are analogous to bones and moveable joints.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the long bone component of a toy
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a short bone component of the present toy
- Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the small bone component of the present toy
- Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the small hub component of the present toy
- Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the large hub component of the present toy
- Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the insert connector component of the
- Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the male connector component of the present
- Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the large joint component of the present toy
- Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the small joint component of the present toy
- Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the claw component of the present toy
- Fig. 1 1 is a perspective view of the head component of the present toy
- Figs. 1 2 and 1 3 are perspective views of the pivoting connector of the
- Fig. 1 4 is a perspective view of the components of the present toy
- Fig. 1 5 is a perspective view of the components of the present toy
- Fig. 1 6 is a perspective view of the components of the present toy
- the first component is a long bone 1 0 which has an elongated shaft
- Connecting socket 1 7 is designed to receive, with a friction fit, the connecting post
- each of the components may be joined to each other as the connecting socket and
- connecting post dimensions are standardized.
- the dimensions of the connecting post dimensions are standardized.
- connecting posts and connecting sockets of the present construction set are the
- FIG. 2 Another component part shown in Fig. 2 is a short bone 20 which has a
- connecting post 26 and connecting socket 27 are of
- a small bone 30 shown in Fig. 3 forms another bone like
- Small bone 30 includes a short, narrow shaft 31 and end portions
- End portions 32,33 of small bone 30 are sized and configured to have the same dimensions as the standard connecting posts of the other components, thus
- end portions 32,33 can be inserted into any standard connecting socket.
- Small hub 35 has a body
- Connecting sockets 37 are of the standard size to receive the connecting posts of
- Small hub 35 may be used to provide a Y branching of the
- Large hub 40 includes a body portion 41 and three radially
- Body portion 41 of large hub 40 includes an
- Insert 50 includes a cylindrical body portion 51 which is sized to be a
- portion 51 of insert 50 is a connecting post 52 with a connecting socket 53
- Male connector 55 has a cylindrical body portion 56
- Male connector 55 can also serve as a female to male gender
- hubs 40 may be stacked together with other components inserted into its
- the present construction set provides a number of
- the first such component is a large joint 60 shown in
- Fig. 8 which includes a cup portion 61 for movably receiving a ball portion 62.
- Cup portion 61 includes a semi spherical concave recess 63 and U-shaped notches
- Recess 63 is designed to extend around
- U-shaped notches 64 provide clearance to permit large pivoting
- cup portion 61 to "stretch" to permit ball portion 62 to be inserted during
- a flat surface 65 on cup portion 61 forms a flange from which a connecting
- Ball portion 62 includes a flat surface 67 which has a connecting
- flat surface 67 is sized such that it is smaller than the distance between
- Another joint component is a small joint 70 shown in Fig. 9 which is
- Ball 73 and cup portion 71 are similar to, but smaller in diameter, than large joint 60.
- the free end of cup portion 71 includes a connecting
- socket 74 and has U-shaped openings 75 on each side which provides clearance to
- Small bone portion 72 has a connecting post 76 at its free end and a flared
- cup portion 71 is constructed to surround more than half of ball 73 so as to retain
- the confronting ball and cup surfaces may also be roughened so as to
- Fig. 1 0 shows a "clawball" 80 which has a cup portion 81 and a claw
- Cup portion 82 which has a ball 83 at one end.
- Cup portion 81 is basically the same as
- cup portion 71 and includes a connecting socket 84 and U-shaped openings 78 on
- Cup portion 81 is also constructed to surround more than half of ball 83 so
- Fig. 1 1 illustrates a toy "head" 85 which has an outer profile in the shape of
- Head 85 includes a number of
- head 85 may also contain a connecting socket 87 to permit head 85 to be
- connecting posts could also be used on head 85, or a mixture of posts and
- the head component of course need not be made in the shape shown as
- Figs. 1 2 and 1 3 illustrate another connector 90 which is pivotable in a single
- Connector 90 includes a yoke portion 91 and a T-shaped pivoting portion
- Yoke portion 91 includes a connecting socket 93 and loops 94 having circular
- Pivoting portion 92 also includes a connecting post 97 for connection to other
- Fig. 14 shows certain of the components of the present construction set
- Lego pieces In this manner Lego blocks can be used in creating the humanoid or
- animal figures by way of example block 1 00 can form a "foot" for the figure.
- Fig. 1 5 illustrates the above described components assembled to create a
- the legs are formed from small joints 70, short bones 20, and large
- Fig. 1 6 shows a velociraptor 1 20 formed from the
- polyethylene and polypropylene are particularly suitable since they are inexpensive
- component may also be molded in a different color to aid in assembly.
Abstract
This invention is a toy construction set suitable for modeling animal, bird, insect (110), dinosaur (120) and humanoid figures. The individual components of the toy construction set are analogous to bones and moveable joints. The construction set includes various sizes of limbs (10, 20), heads (85), joints (60) and hubs (40) which are usable to form life-like arms, legs, wings, necks, spines and tails of creatures, the variety of which is limited only by the child's imagination.
Description
TOY CONSTRUCTION SET
Background of the Invention
This invention relates to toy construction sets and specifically to toy
construction sets suitable for modeling animal, bird, insect, dinosaur and humanoid
figures.
Over the years many different types of toy construction sets comprising a
multiplicity of parts have been produced. The parts of the set may be assembled
by the child in a large variety of ways. One example of this type of construction
set is "Lego" brick-like blocks which have interlocking pegs and holes and which
may be assembled into large structures. Another popular construction set toy is
the "Tinker-Toy" which consists of wooden rods which fit into hubs in a hub and
spoke arrangement which may also be used to construct a wide variety of
structures. The play value of such construction sets is greatly enhanced by the
fact that the child can use his or her own imagination to construct structures in a
number of different forms and thereafter reuse the components to construct
something different.
A disadvantage of the above described construction sets is that the type of
structure that can be built is limited by the geometry of the particular construction
set. Indeed both the Lego and Tinker Toy construction sets are best suitable for the
modeling of inanimate objects, such as buildings and Ferris wheels, and are not
particularly suitable for the modeling of animal or humanoids because of their fixed
joints. The present invention is directed to overcoming these disadvantages and to
providing a toy construction set that is particularly suitable for the construction of
animate objects such as animals, birds, insects, dinosaurs and humanoids (robots,
monsters and people).
The present invention is directed to a construction set that is particularly
adapted for the modeling of animate objects and particularly to objects having
bones, joints and limbs (e.g. vertebrates) . To this end the individual components of
the construction set are analogous to bones and moveable joints. The construction
set includes various sizes of limbs, joints and hubs which are useable to form life
like necks, spines and tails of creatures whose design is limited only by the child's
imagination.
Brief Description of the Drawings
For a better understanding of the invention reference is made to the
following drawings which are to be taken in conjunction with the detailed
description to follow:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the long bone component of a toy
construction set constructed in accordance with the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a short bone component of the present toy
construction set;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the small bone component of the present toy
construction set;
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the small hub component of the present toy
construction set;
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the large hub component of the present toy
construction set;
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the insert connector component of the
present toy construction set;
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the male connector component of the present
toy construction set;
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the large joint component of the present toy
construction set;
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the small joint component of the present toy
construction set;
Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the claw component of the present toy
construction set;
Fig. 1 1 is a perspective view of the head component of the present toy
construction set;
Figs. 1 2 and 1 3 are perspective views of the pivoting connector of the
present toy construction set;
Fig. 1 4 is a perspective view of the components of the present toy
construction set connected to a standard Lego block;
Fig. 1 5 is a perspective view of the components of the present toy
construction set used to model an insect; and
Fig. 1 6 is a perspective view of the components of the present toy
construction set used to model a velociraptor.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the first component of the construction set of the present
invention. The first component is a long bone 1 0 which has an elongated shaft
portion 1 1 and end flanges 1 2, 1 3. Extending from flange 1 2 is a connecting post
1 6 and extending into flange 1 3 is a connecting socket 1 7. The portions of shaft
1 1 proximate to flanges 1 2, 1 3 include flares 1 8 which provides strength and
stability as well as lending an attractive bone-like appearance to shaft 1 1 .
Connecting socket 1 7 is designed to receive, with a friction fit, the connecting post
of another component and connecting post 1 6 is designed to fit into the
connecting sockets of the other components with a friction fit. In this manner
each of the components may be joined to each other as the connecting socket and
connecting post dimensions are standardized. Preferably the dimensions of the
connecting posts and connecting sockets of the present construction set are the
same as the connecting posts and connecting sockets of Lego blocks, so that Lego
blocks and accessories can be used in conjunction with the components of the
present construction set.
Another component part shown in Fig. 2 is a short bone 20 which has a
shaft 21 which is shorter than that of shaft 1 1 of bone 1 0. Short bone 20
includes flanges 22,23; a connecting post 26 and a connecting socket 27. Shaft
21 also has flares 28 leading to flanges 22,23. As with all of the components of
the present construction set, connecting post 26 and connecting socket 27 are of
the standard dimensions. A small bone 30 shown in Fig. 3 forms another bone like
component. Small bone 30 includes a short, narrow shaft 31 and end portions
32,33. End portions 32,33 of small bone 30 are sized and configured to have the
same dimensions as the standard connecting posts of the other components, thus
end portions 32,33 can be inserted into any standard connecting socket.
In order to connect more than two components of the construction set
together, as well as to connect components transversely, a small hub 35 shown in
Fig. 4 and a large hub 40 shown in Fig. 5 are provided. Small hub 35 has a body
portion 36 and three connecting sockets 37 extending radially outwardly.
Connecting sockets 37 are of the standard size to receive the connecting posts of
the other components. Small hub 35 may be used to provide a Y branching of the
other components. Large hub 40 includes a body portion 41 and three radially
extending connecting sockets 42. Body portion 41 of large hub 40 includes an
opening 43 which will receive the inserts and connectors described below.
In order to provide connections and extensions to large hub 40 an insert
connector 50 shown in Fig. 6 and a male connector 55 shown in Fig. 7 are
provided. Insert 50 includes a cylindrical body portion 51 which is sized to be a
friction fit in opening 43 of large hub 40. Extending from the upper part of body
portion 51 of insert 50 is a connecting post 52 with a connecting socket 53
disposed in the lower surface. Male connector 55 has a cylindrical body portion 56
sized to be inserted in opening 43 of large hub 40. The connecting posts 57 and
58 extend from the upper and lower flat surfaces of body portion 56 of male
connector 55. Male connector 55 can also serve as a female to male gender
changer. Thus by the use of inserts 50, or male connectors 55, a series of large
hubs 40 may be stacked together with other components inserted into its
connecting sockets 42.
An essential requirement for modeling a vertebrate is to provide for
moveable joints, to this end the present construction set provides a number of
moveable joint components. The first such component is a large joint 60 shown in
Fig. 8 which includes a cup portion 61 for movably receiving a ball portion 62.
Cup portion 61 includes a semi spherical concave recess 63 and U-shaped notches
64 in its forward and rearward walls. Recess 63 is designed to extend around
more than half of ball portion 62 so as to retain same. This configuration also
makes it difficult, if not impossible, for a child to disassemble cup portion 61 from
ball portion 62. U-shaped notches 64 provide clearance to permit large pivoting
angles of more than 90° between cup portion 61 and ball portion 62 and to permit
cup portion 61 to "stretch" to permit ball portion 62 to be inserted during
manufacturing.
A flat surface 65 on cup portion 61 forms a flange from which a connecting
post 66 extends. Ball portion 62 includes a flat surface 67 which has a connecting
socket 68. Thus when large joint 60 is used to join two components the
components may be pivoted with respect to one another in any desired plane. In
this regard flat surface 67 is sized such that it is smaller than the distance between
the arms of U-shaped notches 64. Preferably one or both of the abutting surfaces
of ball portion 62 and cup portion 61 are roughened to assure a good friction fit, so
that the angular position set by the user will not slip due to the weight of the
attached components.
Another joint component is a small joint 70 shown in Fig. 9 which is
comprised of a small cup portion 71 and a small bone portion 72 which has at one
end a small ball 73. Ball 73 and cup portion 71 are similar to, but smaller in
diameter, than large joint 60. The free end of cup portion 71 includes a connecting
socket 74 and has U-shaped openings 75 on each side which provides clearance to
permit portion 72 to be pivoted more than 90° with respect to small cup portion
71 . Small bone portion 72 has a connecting post 76 at its free end and a flared
section 77 at the end proximate to ball 73. As was the case with large joint 60,
cup portion 71 is constructed to surround more than half of ball 73 so as to retain
it and to make it difficult for a child to disassemble cup portion 71 from small bone
72. The confronting ball and cup surfaces may also be roughened so as to
maintain a set position.
Fig. 1 0 shows a "clawball" 80 which has a cup portion 81 and a claw
portion 82 which has a ball 83 at one end. Cup portion 81 is basically the same as
cup portion 71 and includes a connecting socket 84 and U-shaped openings 78 on
each side which provides clearance to permit portion 82 to be pivoted more than
90°. Cup portion 81 is also constructed to surround more than half of ball 83 so
as to retain it and to make it difficult for a child to disassemble.
Fig. 1 1 illustrates a toy "head" 85 which has an outer profile in the shape of
an animal, dinosaur or other type of head. Head 85 includes a number of
connecting sockets 86 to permit other components to be connected to it. A lateral
edge of head 85 may also contain a connecting socket 87 to permit head 85 to be
connected to other components forming a "neck". Rather than connecting sockets
86, connecting posts could also be used on head 85, or a mixture of posts and
sockets. The head component of course need not be made in the shape shown as
it could be in a wide variety of shapes to model different creatures. Furthermore
plates in other geometric shapes such as circles, squares and triangles could also
be used with the present construction set.
Figs. 1 2 and 1 3 illustrate another connector 90 which is pivotable in a single
plane. Connector 90 includes a yoke portion 91 and a T-shaped pivoting portion
92. Yoke portion 91 includes a connecting socket 93 and loops 94 having circular
openings 95 for pivotally receiving the cylindrical top part 96 of pivoting portion
92. Pivoting portion 92 also includes a connecting post 97 for connection to other
components.
Fig. 14 shows certain of the components of the present construction set
attached to a standard Lego building block 1 00. As can be seen the components
of the present construction set which utilize connecting posts and sockets of the
same diameter of the posts 1 02 of the Lego block 1 00 can directly connect to
Lego pieces. In this manner Lego blocks can be used in creating the humanoid or
animal figures, by way of example block 1 00 can form a "foot" for the figure.
Fig. 1 5 illustrates the above described components assembled to create a
large insect like creature 1 1 0. As can be seen, the body segments of insect 1 1 0
are formed by large hubs 40 and large joints 60 with the eyes formed by large
joints 60. The legs are formed from small joints 70, short bones 20, and large
joints 60 joined by inserts 55. Fig. 1 6 shows a velociraptor 1 20 formed from the
present construction set which utilizes head 85 and clawball 80. Velociraptor 1 20
illustrates how accurately a series of interconnected large joints 60 and large hubs
40 model the neck, spine and tail of the creature as they enable the modeling of
life like curves.
The above described components may be made from many different types of
materials. However, injection moldable relatively resilient plastics, such as
polyethylene and polypropylene, are particularly suitable since they are inexpensive
to manufacture. Furthermore a slight resilience also assures a good friction fit
between the components. The use of resilient materials also permits to the
dimension of the male components (such as connecting posts and the ball portions
of joints) to be slightly larger than the female components (such as connecting
sockets and the cup portions of joints) . This will assure the components remain
connected and in the set position while permitting removal and repositioning. Each
component may also be molded in a different color to aid in assembly.
The invention has been described with respect to preferred embodiments.
However, as those skilled in the art will recognize, modifications and variations in
the specific details which have been described and illustrated may be resorted to
without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the
appended claims.
Claims
1 . A toy construction set for constructing life like figures from a plurality of
releasably engageable components, comprising:
a first component having connection means for releasible connection to
another component;
a second component in the form of a hub unit having one or more
connection means disposed radially outward from a center portion of said hub unit
for releasible connection to another component, said one or more said radially
disposed connection means defining a plane; said hub unit comprising a
transversely disposed connection means for releasible connection to another
component in a direction perpendicular to said plane;
a third component in the form of a pivotable joint, said pivotable joint having
a ball portion and a cup portion, said ball portion comprising a spherical ball having
connection means for releasably connecting said ball to one of said first and
second components, said cup portion including connection means for connecting
said cup portion to one of said first and second components and a concave recess
for receiving said spherical ball, said cup portion covering more than one half of
said ball when said ball is received within said cup portion to retain said ball within
said recess, said cup portion including at least one notch in a side wall to permit
the ball portion and the connected one of said first and second components to
pivot at an angle of more than 90┬░ with respect to said cup portion.
2. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 wherein said connection
means comprises one of either a connection post and a connection socket, said
connection post being dimensioned such that it is a friction fit within said
connection socket.
3. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 2 wherein said first component
is in the form of a hub having one or more connection sockets disposed radially
outwardly.
4. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 wherein said hub unit includes
a central portion having an opening for receiving an insert, said insert being a
friction fit within said opening and having said transversely disposed connection
means.
5. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 wherein said third component
includes a shaft joined at one end to said ball and having a connection means
disposed at its other end.
6. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 wherein said third component
includes a curved tapered shaft joined at one end to said ball.
7. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first component
comprises a plate in the shape of a head, said plate having at least one connection
means disposed thereon.
8. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first component
comprises a shaft having first and second ends, each end of said shaft having a
connection means disposed thereon.
9. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 2 wherein said first component
comprises a shaft having first and second ends, the first end of said shaft having a
connection post disposed thereon and the second end of said shaft having a
connection socket disposed therein.
10. A toy construction set for constructing life like figures comprising:
a plurality of releasibly engageable components, each of the components
having connection means for releasible connection to other components;
at least one of said components being in the form of a pivotable joint, said
pivotable joint having a ball portion and a cup portion, said ball portion comprising a
spherical ball having connection means for connecting said ball to one of said
other components, said cup portion including connection means for connecting said
cup portion to one of said other components and a concave recess for receiving
said spherical ball, said cup portion covering more than one half of said ball when
said ball is received within said cup portion to retain said ball within said recess,
said cup portion including at least one notch in a side wall to permit the ball portion
and the connected first component to pivot at an angle of more than 90┬░ with
respect to said cup portion; and, at least another of said components in the form
of a hub unit having one or more connection means disposed radially outward
from a center portion of said hub unit for releasible connection to one of said other components, said one or more said radially disposed connection means defining a
plane; said hub unit comprising a transversely disposed connection means for
releasible connection to another component in a direction perpendicular to said
plane.
1 1 . The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 0 wherein said hub unit
includes a central portion having an opening for receiving an insert, said insert
being a friction fit within said opening and having said transversely disposed
connection means.
1 2. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 1 wherein said connection
means comprises either one of a connection post and a connection socket, said
connection post being dimensioned such that it is a friction fit within said
connection socket.
1 3. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 2 wherein at least one of said
components comprises a hub having at least three connection sockets disposed
radially outwardly
1 4. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 10 wherein at least one of said
components comprises a shaft having first and second ends, each end of said shaft
having a connection means disposed thereon.
15. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 12 wherein at least one of said
components comprises a shaft having first and second ends, the first end of said
shaft having a connection post disposed thereon and the second end of said shaft
having a connection socket disposed therein.
16. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 8 wherein said first and second
ends of said shaft are outwardly tapered such that they resemble biological
creature-like bones when attached to said another component.
17. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 14 wherein said first and
second ends of said shaft are outwardly tapered such that they resemble biological
creature-like bones when attached to said another component.
18. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 wherein a said transversely
disposed connection means of said hub unit and said third component are capable
of releasable connection in a repeating, alternate fashion to resemble skeletal
vertebrae of a biological creature.
19. The toy construction set as claimed in claim 1 wherein a said transversely
disposed connection means of said hub unit and another component are capable of
releasable connection in a repeating, alternate fashion to resemble skeletal
vertebrae of a biological creature.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1997/016199 WO1999010066A1 (en) | 1996-02-01 | 1997-08-25 | Toy construction set |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0944417A1 true EP0944417A1 (en) | 1999-09-29 |
| EP0944417A4 EP0944417A4 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
Family
ID=22261611
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97942456A Withdrawn EP0944417A4 (en) | 1997-08-25 | 1997-08-25 | Toy construction set |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0944417A4 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1315557A (en) * | 1962-02-21 | 1963-01-18 | plastic elements for patience game | |
| US3648404A (en) * | 1969-04-14 | 1972-03-14 | Charles S Ogsbury | Connector unit having radial arms for straight or angular connections |
| GB2000219A (en) * | 1977-06-08 | 1979-01-04 | Itw Ateco Gmbh | Joints, primarily for toys |
| EP0582020A1 (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1994-02-09 | José Manuel Rodriguez Ferre | Articulated structure for dolls or puppet bodies |
| US5486127A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-01-23 | Wolfe; Michael | Configured or keyed connector system |
-
1997
- 1997-08-25 EP EP97942456A patent/EP0944417A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1315557A (en) * | 1962-02-21 | 1963-01-18 | plastic elements for patience game | |
| US3648404A (en) * | 1969-04-14 | 1972-03-14 | Charles S Ogsbury | Connector unit having radial arms for straight or angular connections |
| GB2000219A (en) * | 1977-06-08 | 1979-01-04 | Itw Ateco Gmbh | Joints, primarily for toys |
| EP0582020A1 (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1994-02-09 | José Manuel Rodriguez Ferre | Articulated structure for dolls or puppet bodies |
| US5486127A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-01-23 | Wolfe; Michael | Configured or keyed connector system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO9910066A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0944417A4 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
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