EP0926453B1 - Appareil de chauffage pour chauffer de l'air et/ou de l'eau - Google Patents

Appareil de chauffage pour chauffer de l'air et/ou de l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0926453B1
EP0926453B1 EP98119759A EP98119759A EP0926453B1 EP 0926453 B1 EP0926453 B1 EP 0926453B1 EP 98119759 A EP98119759 A EP 98119759A EP 98119759 A EP98119759 A EP 98119759A EP 0926453 B1 EP0926453 B1 EP 0926453B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
heat exchanger
gap
water boiler
exchanger insert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98119759A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0926453A2 (fr
EP0926453A3 (fr
Inventor
Josef Brandtner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Truma Geraetetechnik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Truma Geraetetechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Truma Geraetetechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Truma Geraetetechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0926453A2 publication Critical patent/EP0926453A2/fr
Publication of EP0926453A3 publication Critical patent/EP0926453A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0926453B1 publication Critical patent/EP0926453B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/263—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body with a dry-wall combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/065—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/10—Secondary fins, e.g. projections or recesses on main fins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heater for heating air and / or water for Small rooms, especially for caravans, mobile homes, boats or the like according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • An air heater is also part of EP 0 544 853 B1 a heat exchanger insert known, in which the during the Combustion chamber combustion takes place producing hot combustion gases experience heat dissipation and the actual heating process by releasing it this heat energy via the essentially radially arranged ribs of the Heat exchanger use takes place. Heating water is pure with these Air heaters not provided.
  • the heater should also be easy to use in summer Generate only heated water.
  • Another problem with the heaters for heating air and / or water according to the state of the Technology is that due to the small distance between the Inside of the water boiler and the outside of the heat exchanger insert in the frequently occurring situation that the caravans, campers etc. go wrong stand, a "diameter problem" occurs because namely in such a situation individual areas of the inside of the kettle directly on the outer surface of the heat exchanger while other areas are at a greater distance to the heat exchanger than when it was originally in the design state is provided.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of the disadvantages described overcome and a heater for heating air and / or water too create, in which the heat transfer from a heat exchanger insert a kettle can be optimized in such a targeted manner that an essentially constant one Temperature in the kettle can be achieved and boiling of the water avoided and in which the manufacturing cost of the kettle in terms its accuracy of the dimensions to be observed can be reduced.
  • the heater according to the invention which is used for heating Air and / or water is used in small spaces, where in particular caravans, mobile homes, boats or the like, preferably the Represent areas of application.
  • the heater has a boiler, which in one Combustion chamber is arranged, which is designed in the form of a flame tube, a boiler room surrounding the combustion chamber, a Heat exchanger insert, which surrounds the boiler room and which one Has inner jacket, and a water boiler, which the heat exchanger insert surrounds.
  • the kettle and thus the heater are one surround an outer shell forming a housing.
  • the inner jacket of the Heat exchanger insert separates the boiler room, through which the hot ones Combustion gases are directed from the combustion chamber after leaving the combustion chamber Heat exchanger surfaces of the heat exchanger insert, which the Are facing the inside of the kettle.
  • Kettle on the inside, which the heat exchanger insert facing areas on which the heat transfer from Use of heat exchanger to the kettle through different in between defined gap geometry can be determined.
  • the gap geometry of the individual areas determining the heat transfer is designed so that, depending on the required heat transfer also under Taking into account the nominal load that can be achieved with the heater, the Gap geometry gap thicknesses of 0 mm, in which the inside of the Kettle directly on the outer surface of the heat exchanger insert is present, up to gap thicknesses of finite dimensions. Furthermore, it is possible that the gap geometry continuous transitions between the individual heat transfer areas or sharply defined transitions.
  • the gap geometry with respect to the Longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber to be constant or variably designed column exhibit.
  • Different defined gap geometry is the heat transfer from Heat exchanger use to the kettle directly influenced so that a constant water temperature in the kettle is reached and that the boiler is not overheated during continuous heating, i.e. that no boiling of water occurs in the kettle.
  • the kettle in Area of the burner of the flame tube i.e. the lower part of the Heater, a first heat transfer area in which the inside of the kettle with close tolerance, i.e. high manufacturing accuracy, in essentially rests on the surface of the heat exchanger insert.
  • a first heat transfer area in which the inside of the kettle with close tolerance, i.e. high manufacturing accuracy, in essentially rests on the surface of the heat exchanger insert.
  • the gap geometry as a gap between the outer surface of the heat exchanger insert and the inside the kettle is formed so that in this second Convection and heat radiation dominate the heat transfer area.
  • Heat transfer are the first heat transfer area and the second heat transfer area trained different lengths.
  • the term “long” refers the extension in the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber or Flame tube.
  • An advantage of such a design of the water boiler according to the invention exists among other things also in that the high manufacturing accuracy in terms of tight Manufacturing tolerances are limited to the first heat transfer area thereby reducing the overall manufacturing cost of the kettle.
  • the high manufacturing accuracy in terms of tight Manufacturing tolerances are limited to the first heat transfer area thereby reducing the overall manufacturing cost of the kettle.
  • the kettle exhibits increased rigidity either in the transition area between the first heat transfer area and the second Heat transfer area or within the first heat transfer area or an additional one within the second heat transfer area Bead on.
  • the kettle is for reasons of required food safety preferably made of stainless steel and has a wall thickness of preferably 1 mm on.
  • a third heat transfer area is provided in which the gap geometry is defined by a gap which is larger than the gap of the first heat transfer area and is smaller than the gap of the second heat transfer area.
  • the number of defined provided Heat transfer areas i.e. the areas of different gap geometries, has a direct influence on the uniformity of the temperature distribution of water in the kettle.
  • the heat transfer areas are contrasted by shoulders or by beads or by these limited.
  • the beads or shoulders can also be within the respective Heat transfer areas can be provided for increased stability and To ensure strength, in particular buckling stiffness, of the kettle.
  • the flame tube is preferably substantially cylindrical and are the boiler room, the heat exchanger insert with its inner jacket, the Kettle and the outer jacket of the heater arranged coaxially.
  • the heat exchanger insert is in the essentially cylindrical, so that its inner jacket is cylindrical is trained.
  • the inner jacket carries radial, opposite one another attached inner and outer ribs, with on the outer edges of the outer ribs in each case an at least unilaterally projecting transverse web is formed. This Crosspieces on the outer ribs are not connected to one another and with their outer surfaces essentially follow the inside of the kettle.
  • Such a heat exchanger insert can be designed, for example, as described in the applicant's EP 0 544 853 B1.
  • the individual heat transfer regions have each have a constant gap geometry.
  • constant Gap geometry is the radial expansion of the gap in the direction of Understand the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber of the heater.
  • the gap of the first heat transfer region preferably measures 0 to 1.5 mm and the gap of the second heat transfer area 3 to 4 mm.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section through a heater according to the invention.
  • a burner 1 is provided, which within a Flame tube 2 designed as combustion chamber 3 is arranged.
  • the flame tube 2 is essentially cylindrical and extends inside the Heat exchanger insert 5 from the burner upwards, where it is with its upper Exit shortly before the heat exchanger insert 5 or its Inner jacket 6 ends Dekel 24 covering cap-shaped.
  • the top cap 24 is preferably welded on. Through this top cap 24 in Flame tube 2 ascending combustion gases 23 deflected into a boiler room 4.
  • the heating chamber 4 is between the inner jacket 6 of the heat exchanger insert 5 and the outer surface of the flame tube 2 is formed.
  • the combustion gases 23 then flow in the boiler room in a coaxial direction with respect to the flame tube 2 towards the burner side of the heat exchanger insert, from where from the combustion gases 23 via an exhaust gas connection 25, for example into the Free to be dissipated.
  • the heat exchanger insert 5 has radially extending into the boiler room Inner ribs 17, which can have radially different dimensions, and radially outwardly extending outer ribs 18 from the inner jacket 6.
  • Inner ribs 17 which can have radially different dimensions, and radially outwardly extending outer ribs 18 from the inner jacket 6.
  • air which by heat transfer from the heat exchanger insert 5 due to heat emission from the combustion gases 23 on the one hand absorbs heat energy and on the other hand, depending on the gap geometry, Dissipates thermal energy from the kettle 7.
  • the along the outer ribs of the heat exchanger insert 5 flowing air flows in cocurrent to the Combustion gases 23 in the boiler room 4.
  • the air enters the burner for example, also acted upon by a fan in the between the External ribs 18 formed a space and directly at the other end of the heater out of this room again.
  • the radial direction arranged over the circumference, from the inner jacket 6 of the heat exchanger insert 5 outwardly extending outer ribs 18 have on their outer edges transverse webs 19 which are on both sides of the Extend ribs.
  • transverse webs 19 are on both sides of the Extend ribs.
  • the inner ribs 17 have such transverse processes or crosspieces.
  • the after outside facing of the crossbars 19 forms the maximum Outer diameter or the outer surface of the cylindrical Heat exchanger insert 5.
  • the crossbars form the surfaces over which is the heat transfer that is essentially realized as heat conduction.
  • the crosspieces 19 additionally heat transfer surfaces, for example Radiation is realized.
  • the number of outer fins of the heat exchanger insert is such that the airflow flowing over it is fanned out and thus in connection with the desired gap geometry of the selected gap geometry Heat transfer processes from the heat exchanger insert 5 to or from the Kettle 7 realized.
  • Fig. 2 shows an axial section through the water boiler 7 for the heater according to the invention.
  • the kettle 7 has a first Heat transfer area 9, the diameter of which is dimensioned so that it with close tolerance to the outer diameter or to the outer surface 12 of the Heat exchanger insert 5 fits so that the crosspieces 19 on the inner surface of the kettle 7 or just have tight tolerances narrow gap is present.
  • the precisely fitting manufacture of the water boiler 5 is so only limited to the first heat transfer area 9, which therefore increases significantly reduces the manufacturing costs of the water boiler 7, since the other heat transfer areas do not require such tight manufacturing tolerances.
  • a centering collar 20 is provided, which for Put on a plate (not labeled) and thus to fix the Kettle 7 in the housing of the heater is used.
  • the first heat transfer area 9 is delimited by a bead 16 which serves at the same time to increase the rigidity of the water boiler 7. From the bead 16 extends up to a shoulder 15, a third heat transfer area 11, whose inside diameter is chosen so that a gap between the inside of the Kettle 7 and the outer surface 12, which by the crosspieces 19 of the Heat exchanger element 5 are formed, which is> 0.
  • the inner diameter is chosen so that in the Heat transfer area 11 heat conduction, convection and radiation available are, preferably with almost equal shares.
  • the Inner diameter is greater than that by the outer surface 12 of the Heat exchanger insert 5 formed outer diameter, so that between the Outer surface 12 of the crosspieces 19 and the inner surface of the kettle 7 there is a gap 14 with a defined gap width.
  • the gap 14 has such a dimension that convection and radiation dominate because the heat conduction is small over the air layer in the gap compared to the heat energy transmitted by radiation and convection.
  • the water boiler 7 also has fasteners 21, 22.
  • the kettle 7 for the heater according to the invention can be selected Gap geometry also operated without water, for example in summer , in which case the heater is only for heating purposes without Water heating is used.
  • Fig. 3 shows a radial section of a cross-sectional view of the in the invention Heater used heat exchanger insert 5, the basic structure already described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 and which is in detail the execution according to EP 0 544 853 B1 Applicant complies.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Housings, Intake/Discharge, And Installation Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Appareil de chauffage pour le chauffage d'air et/ou d'eau destiné à de petits espaces, notamment à des caravanes, des autocaravanes, des bateaux ou analogues, comportant un brûleur (1) dans une chambre de combustion (3) réalisée sous la forme d'un tube-foyer (2), un espace de chauffe (4) entourant celle-ci, un insert (5) de transmission thermique avec une enveloppe intérieure (6) entourant l'espace de chauffe (4), et une cuve d'eau (7) entourant l'insert (5) de transmission thermique, une enveloppe extérieure (8) entourant la cuve d'eau (7) étant prévue,
       caractérisé en ce que,
       sur sa face intérieure orientée vers l'insert (5) de transmission thermique, la cuve d'eau (7) comporte des zones (9, 11, 10) de différentes géométries définies de fentes, qui déterminent le transfert thermique de l'insert (5) de transmission thermique vers la cuve d'eau (7).
  2. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone du brûleur (1) du tube-foyer (2), la cuve d'eau (7) comporte une première zone (9) de transfert thermique, dans laquelle la géométrie de fente est agencée de telle sorte que la face intérieure de la cuve d'eau (7) soit appliquée avec un étroite tolérance, pour l'essentiel contre la surface extérieure (12) de l'insert (5) de transmission thermique, et dans laquelle la conduction thermique domine de ce fait, et en ce que la cuve d'eau (7) comporte une deuxième zone (10) de transfert thermique, au moins dans la zone de la sortie (13) des gaz de combustion du tube-foyer (2), dans laquelle la géométrie de fente est agencée de telle sorte qu'une fente (14) soit prévue entre la surface extérieure de l'insert (5) de transmission thermique et la face intérieure de la cuve d'eau (7), de sorte que la convection et le rayonnement thermique dominent dans la deuxième zone (10) de transfert thermique.
  3. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, entre la zone du brûleur (1) et la zone de la sortie (13) des gaz de combustion du tube-foyer (2), la cuve d'eau (7) comporte une troisième zone (11) de transfert thermique, dans laquelle la géométrie de fente est définie par une fente, qui est plus grande que la fente de la première zone (9) de transfert thermique, et plus petite que la fente (14) de la deuxième zone (10) de transfert thermique.
  4. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les zones (9, 11, 10) de transfert thermique sont décalées les unes par rapport aux autres par des épaulements (15).
  5. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les zones de transfert thermique sont délimitées par des moulures (16).
  6. Appareil de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le tube-foyer (2) est agencé de façon sensiblement cylindrique, et en ce que l'espace de chauffe (4), l'insert (5) de transmission thermique avec son enveloppe intérieure (6), la cuve d'eau (7) et l'enveloppe extérieure (8) sont disposés coaxialement à celui-ci.
  7. Appareil de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, sur l'enveloppe intérieure (6) sensiblement cylindrique, l'insert (5) de transmission thermique comporte des ailettes radiales rapportées intérieures (17) et extérieures (18) situées les unes en face des autres, une barrette transversale (19) dépassant au moins d'un côté étant formée sur les bords extérieurs des ailettes extérieures (18), et les barrettes transversales (19) n'étant pas reliées entre elles, et étant orientées par leurs faces extérieures vers la face intérieure de la cuve d'eau (7), en suivant sensiblement cette dernière.
  8. Appareil de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les zones (9, 11, 10) de transfert thermique comportent chacune une géométrie constante de fente.
  9. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la fente de la première zone de transfert thermique mesure 0 à 1,5 mm, et la fente (14) de la deuxième zone de transfert thermique 3 à 4 mm.
EP98119759A 1997-12-23 1998-10-22 Appareil de chauffage pour chauffer de l'air et/ou de l'eau Expired - Lifetime EP0926453B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29722802U 1997-12-23
DE29722802U DE29722802U1 (de) 1997-12-23 1997-12-23 Heizgerät zum Erwärmen von Luft und/oder Wasser

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0926453A2 EP0926453A2 (fr) 1999-06-30
EP0926453A3 EP0926453A3 (fr) 2001-09-12
EP0926453B1 true EP0926453B1 (fr) 2004-04-21

Family

ID=8050466

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98119759A Expired - Lifetime EP0926453B1 (fr) 1997-12-23 1998-10-22 Appareil de chauffage pour chauffer de l'air et/ou de l'eau

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0926453B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE29722802U1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019025633A1 (fr) 2017-08-04 2019-02-07 Dometic Sweden Ab Appareil de chauffage pour véhicule de loisirs
USD905217S1 (en) 2018-09-05 2020-12-15 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
USD907183S1 (en) 2016-11-23 2021-01-05 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
US11772452B2 (en) 2017-11-16 2023-10-03 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles
US12043081B2 (en) 2019-10-17 2024-07-23 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006011727B3 (de) * 2006-03-14 2007-11-22 Webasto Ag Kombiniertes Heizungs-/Warmwassersystem für mobile Anwendungen
DE102006048986A1 (de) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-24 Webasto Ag Heizgerät zum Erwärmen von Luft und Wasser
DE102006055139A1 (de) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Fahrzeugheizgerät
DE102007017106A1 (de) 2007-04-10 2008-10-23 Webasto Ag Wärmeübertrager für ein kombiniertes Heizungs-/Warmwassersystem für mobile Anwendungen und kombiniertes Heizungs-/Warmwassersystem für mobile Anwendungen
DE102007034245A1 (de) * 2007-07-23 2009-01-29 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Heizsystem, insbesondere für Campingfahrzeuge, und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines derartigen Heizsystems
DE202018001770U1 (de) 2018-04-09 2018-05-09 Enno Wagner Heizgerät
DE102021001082A1 (de) * 2021-03-01 2022-09-01 Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Mediums

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT215959Z2 (it) * 1988-12-23 1991-03-20 Mariani Mario Ati & C Apparecchio a gas per la produzionedi acqua calda e/o il riscaldamento di ambienti
DE4116692A1 (de) * 1991-05-22 1992-11-26 Kreis Truma Geraetebau Waermetauschereinsatz fuer luftheizgeraete
EP0633434B1 (fr) * 1993-07-05 1998-10-28 Alde International Systems Ab Appareil de chauffage combiné

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD907183S1 (en) 2016-11-23 2021-01-05 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
WO2019025633A1 (fr) 2017-08-04 2019-02-07 Dometic Sweden Ab Appareil de chauffage pour véhicule de loisirs
WO2019025634A1 (fr) 2017-08-04 2019-02-07 Dometic Sweden Ab Appareil de chauffage et procédé de chauffage d'air et d'eau dans un véhicule de loisirs, et véhicule de loisirs
US11772452B2 (en) 2017-11-16 2023-10-03 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles
USD905217S1 (en) 2018-09-05 2020-12-15 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
USD944374S1 (en) 2018-09-05 2022-02-22 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
US12043081B2 (en) 2019-10-17 2024-07-23 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0926453A2 (fr) 1999-06-30
DE59811234D1 (de) 2004-05-27
DE29722802U1 (de) 1998-02-19
EP0926453A3 (fr) 2001-09-12

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