EP0915664A1 - Method of incorporating fatty matter into granulated products - Google Patents

Method of incorporating fatty matter into granulated products

Info

Publication number
EP0915664A1
EP0915664A1 EP96922726A EP96922726A EP0915664A1 EP 0915664 A1 EP0915664 A1 EP 0915664A1 EP 96922726 A EP96922726 A EP 96922726A EP 96922726 A EP96922726 A EP 96922726A EP 0915664 A1 EP0915664 A1 EP 0915664A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixer
product
liquid
fat
granules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96922726A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Konrad Munz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Publication of EP0915664A1 publication Critical patent/EP0915664A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P20/00—Coating of foodstuffs; Coatings therefor; Making laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs
    • A23P20/10—Coating with edible coatings, e.g. with oils or fats
    • A23P20/11—Coating with compositions containing a majority of oils, fats, mono/diglycerides, fatty acids, mineral oils, waxes or paraffins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S426/00—Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
    • Y10S426/805—Pet food for dog, cat, bird, or fish

Definitions

  • a product is greased together with a greasing liquid in such a way that the greasing liquid not only remains on the surface, but penetrates into the interior
  • the greasing is carried out after the shaping process by means of spray drums or mixers in a conventional manner, there is the problem that the product to be greased only absorbs the greasing liquid on the surface, or that the greasing liquid penetrates the product only slowly by means of the capillary action, which is slowed down with increasing viscosity or closed or small pores
  • the amount of fat that can be applied to the product by means of spray drums or mixers is limited to 5 to 10% of the amount of granules
  • One improvement in this regard is shown and described in Japanese patent application with publication number HEI3-180 163 (1991), in which a product is brought into an obliquely upward-facing auger by means of a metering lock, an oil sump with a predetermined value being placed in a lower part of the inclined auger The level at which the product falls and is moistened when it is transported upwards is maintained.
  • the screw is additionally depressurized by means of a vacuum pump, ie the product which is required after the greasing liquid is in a predetermined vacuum during transport
  • the level of the so-called oil sump can be adjusted and varied
  • the oil absorption improves from the aforementioned 5 to 10% of the amount of granules in the conventional method up to 13.5% of the amount of granules in the aforementioned system
  • Fish feed recipes which usually contain a large proportion of fish meal, are extruded gently, for example in extruders, at temperatures around 120 ° C with a water content of 20 to 30%.
  • this plastic material in the extruder expands at temperatures above 100 ° C associated vapor pressure to solidify as a bread-like, foamy structure when it emerges from the extruder and thus when the moisture escapes and the associated cooling
  • such a dried product is placed in a mixer, preferably in a paddle mixer, which stands on weighing cells, so that, based on the measured product weight, the predetermined amount of greasing liquid can be added.
  • This predetermined amount of greasing liquid is metered in while rotating the mixer to the Wetting the surfaces of the product parts
  • the mixer is placed under negative pressure, as a result of which the air is evacuated from the capillaries of the product
  • the product parts have a predetermined temperature, which corresponds to a low viscosity of the greasing liquid, in order to be able to penetrate well into the capillaries or pores of the product during the step, according to the invention, explained later.
  • This step according to the method consists in that after the generation of the vacuum, while simultaneously greasing the product, the vacuum in the mixer, and thus the surroundings of the product, is relaxed, so that the atmospheric air that is now entering the mixer again, the greasing air on the surface of the product Liquid in the evacuated pores or capillaries
  • the greasing liquid is added below 10%, which is also advantageously carried out according to the invention and in the case of very porous product parts, the greasing liquid is advantageously sprayed in the mixer in order to achieve a uniform wetting of the surface
  • spraying can be dispensed with, i.e. the liquid to be greased can be absorbed by the product, i.e. by the product parts during the mixing process, partly from the bottom of the mixer
  • the greased product or the greased product parts are advantageously fed to a cooler or a ventilated storage cell at a temperature of approximately 40 ° C.
  • the advantage of the method according to the invention, on the one hand - as already mentioned above - is that significantly more fat content per amount of granules is bound to the product than according to the prior art method in which only the wetted product is subjected to a vacuum without Mixing a relaxation of the vacuum takes place, in which the greasing liquid can be absorbed more in the pores or capillaries
  • the figure shows a system according to the invention with the device according to the invention, shown schematically
  • the figure shows schematically a plant for the production of extrudates and the greasing of these extrudates according to the invention.
  • the invention is not restricted to the use in such a plant, but can be used in all plants which produce other porous product parts, such as pellets, expander pellets etc.
  • the floury or granular product is known to be moisture-moist for the treatment in the subsequent extruder or expander , prepared for temperature and consistency
  • extruder or expander is a machine known per se, for example a twin-shaft extruder of the BI-EX brand, manufactured and sold by the applicant, or an expander, for example with the designation DFEA 220 or a cube press with the designation "KUBEX” , also manufactured and sold by the applicant
  • the extruded or expanded product is placed in a dryer, for example a belt dryer, also manufactured and sold by the applicant, in which the extrudates or expandates are dried and cooled
  • the exhaust air from the dryer 5 is collected by means of an exhaust hood 6 and fed to a cyclone 7.
  • the clean air is discharged as exhaust air 8 into the atmosphere or into another filter (not shown).
  • the separated solid substance of the cyclone 7 is collected in a collecting container 9
  • the product dried in the dryer 5 is placed in an intermediate container 10, which as a rule has approximately the volume of the subsequent mixer 12, in order thereby to give the mixer 12 the possibility of working in batches. run of the intermediate container 10, a slide 11 is provided, which allows the contents of the intermediate container 10 to pass through the subsequent mixer 12
  • the mixer 12 stands on weighing cells 13, so that a predetermined amount can be added to the mixer 12, on the one hand to let the slide 1 close when the amount has been reached and on the other hand to have the corresponding amount of greasy liquid added, for which purpose the product quantity measured by the weighing cells in Mixer of a controller 19 is signa ert
  • the controller 19 closes the slide 11 for a predetermined amount in the mixer and, on the basis of the pressure weight signaled by the weighing cells 13, calculates the predetermined, correct amount of greasing liquid which, by means of a metering pump 18, flows from a container 17 for the greasing liquid into the mixer 12 is pumped
  • a control satellite 19 1 of the controller 19 puts a vacuum pump 20 into operation after a predetermined time, in order to mix the mixer and.
  • This negative pressure evacuates the pores or capillaries of the individual product parts, which manifests itself in the product, for example, in that the air emerging from the pores or capillaries generates foam bubbles in the moisture lying on the surface of the individual product parts
  • control satellite 19 1 controls a relief valve 21, to which is connected between the mixer 12 and the vacuum pump 20 on the connecting line from the mixer 12 to the vacuum pump 20
  • the mixer is added as a percentage of greasing liquid as experience has shown that the product to be greased is able to absorb, so that when the mixer 12 is emptied, no greasy liquid that has not been absorbed remains at the bottom of the mixer
  • the expansion valve can be provided as a pressure control valve, so that the air that flows back in flows back in a controlled manner

Abstract

The invention pertains to a method and a device for incorporating fatty matter into granulated feed products such as extrudates, pellets, expander pellets, etc., with a fat-supplying liquid. Thus, pellets produced in the extruder or expander of the press (4) are dried in a dryer (5) and passed through an intermediate container (10) into a mixer (12). Using a metering pump (18) a predetermined amount of fat-supplying liquid is added to the mixer (12) and spread on the surface of the product pieces through the mixing process. After a predetermined period of time a vacuum pump (20) generates a negative pressure in the mixer so as to evacuate the air from the capillaries or pores of the product pieces. The negative pressure in the mixer (12) is then relieved through an expansion valve (21) so that the air entering into the mixer and into the pores or capillaries of the product pieces transports the fat-supplying liquid on the surface of the pieces as well as additional fat-supplying liquid into the pores or capillaries, thereby filling them to the extent that a high proportion of approximately 30 % fat-supplying liquid is incorporated in the pores or capillaries of the product pieces. Following this process the product is passed into an intermediate container (14) and from there delivered as end product using a dispensing and metering element.

Description

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUM BEFETTEN EINES GRANULATPRODUKTES METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GREASING A GRANULATE PRODUCT
Pπmar soll der Begriff "Befetten" klargestellt werden, nachdem sich dieses Wort an sich nicht im Duden, d h im Buch über die Rechtschreibung befindet, jedoch an sich als Gegenteil vom Begriff "Entfetten" gleich angewendet wird wie die Begriffe "Befeuchten" und als Gegenteil "Entfeuchten" Bei einer Befeuchtung wird Flüssigkeit derart mit einem Produkt in Verbindung gebracht, dass die Flüssigkeit nicht nur an der Oberflache, sondern auch in das Innere des Produktes eindringt, und beim Entfeuchten wird ebenso die Flüssigkeit nicht nur von der Oberflache des Produktes entfernt, sondern aus dem Innern herausgebracht wird, wodurch das Produkt getrocknet wirdPπmar should be clarified the term "greasing", since this word is not in the Duden, ie in the book about the spelling, but is used as the opposite of the term "degreasing" as the terms "moistening" and as the opposite "Dehumidifying" When moistening, liquid is associated with a product in such a way that the liquid penetrates not only on the surface but also into the interior of the product, and when dehumidifying the liquid is not only removed from the surface of the product, but is brought out from the inside, whereby the product is dried
Im gleichen Sinne wird ein Produkt beim Befetten derart mit einer fettenden Flüssigkeit zusammengebracht, dass die fettende Flüssigkeit nicht nur an der Oberflache bleibt, sondern in das Innere eindringtIn the same sense, a product is greased together with a greasing liquid in such a way that the greasing liquid not only remains on the surface, but penetrates into the interior
Bei der Herstellung von granulatformigen Futterprodukten, d h Produktelemente wie Extrudate Pellets, Expanderpellets etc , mit hohem Fettgehalt, um diese beispielsweise als Fischfutter zu verwenden (Fischfutter soll schwimmen), besteht die Schwierigkeit, dass, falls die Fettzugaben vor dem Koch- bzw Verformungsprozess erfolgen, dass dann das Endprodukt schlechte mechanische Bindeeigenschaften aufweist, was eine schlechte Festigkeit des geformten Produktelementes zur Folge hatIn the production of granular feed products, ie product elements such as extrudate pellets, expander pellets, etc., with a high fat content, for example to use them as fish feed (fish feed should swim), there is the difficulty that if the fat is added before the cooking or shaping process, that the end product then has poor mechanical binding properties, which results in poor strength of the molded product element
Wird andererseits das Befetten nach dem Verformungsprozess mittels Spruhtrommeln oder Mischern nach herkömmlicher Art durchgeführt, so besteht das Problem, dass das zu befettende Produkt nur auf der Oberflache die fettende Flüssigkeit aufnimmt, bzw dass die fettende Flüssigkeit nur langsam mittels der Kapilarwirkung in das Produkt eindringt, was bei zunehmender Viskosität oder geschlossener oder kleinen Poren noch verlangsamt wirdIf, on the other hand, the greasing is carried out after the shaping process by means of spray drums or mixers in a conventional manner, there is the problem that the product to be greased only absorbs the greasing liquid on the surface, or that the greasing liquid penetrates the product only slowly by means of the capillary action, which is slowed down with increasing viscosity or closed or small pores
Aus vorgenannten Gründen ist die Fettmenge, welche mittels Bespruhtrommeln oder Mischer auf das Produkt aufgebracht werden kann, auf 5 bis 10% der Granulatmengen beschrankt Eine diesbezügliche Verbesserung zeigt und beschreibt die japanische Patentanmeldung mit der Veroffeπtlichungsnummer HEI3-180 163 (1991 ), in welcher ein Produkt in eine schräg nach oben gerichtete Forderschnecke mittels einer Dosierschleuse gebracht wird, wobei in einem unteren Teil der schräg gestellten Schnecke ein Oelsumpf mit vorgegebenem Niveau aufrecht erhalten wird, in welchen das Produkt fallt und beim nach oben Transportieren befeuchtet wird Die Schnecke ist zusatzlich mittels einer Vakuumpumpe in Unterdruck versetzt, d h das nach der fettenden Flüssigkeit nach oben geforderte Produkt befindet sich wahrend des Transportes in einem vorgegebenen UnterdruckFor the aforementioned reasons, the amount of fat that can be applied to the product by means of spray drums or mixers is limited to 5 to 10% of the amount of granules One improvement in this regard is shown and described in Japanese patent application with publication number HEI3-180 163 (1991), in which a product is brought into an obliquely upward-facing auger by means of a metering lock, an oil sump with a predetermined value being placed in a lower part of the inclined auger The level at which the product falls and is moistened when it is transported upwards is maintained. The screw is additionally depressurized by means of a vacuum pump, ie the product which is required after the greasing liquid is in a predetermined vacuum during transport
Dabei ist das Niveau des sogenannten Oelsumpfes einstell- und variierbarThe level of the so-called oil sump can be adjusted and varied
Nach eigenen Angaben verbessert sich die Oelabsorption von vorgenannten 5 bis 10% der Granulatmenge beim herkömmlichen Verfahren bis auf 13,5% der Granulat- menge beim vorgenannten SystemAccording to their own statements, the oil absorption improves from the aforementioned 5 to 10% of the amount of granules in the conventional method up to 13.5% of the amount of granules in the aforementioned system
Die Praxis zeigt jedoch, dass noch höhere Fettabsorption gewünscht ist, weshalb es Aufgabe der Erfindung war, diese Absorption der fettenden Flüssigkeit im granulat- formigen Produkt zu erhohen Insbesondere wird dies für Fischfutter gewünscht Erfm- dungsgemass wird die Aufgabe durch die im Kennzeichen der unabhängigen Ansprüche aufgeführte Merkmalskombination gelostPractice shows, however, that even higher fat absorption is desired, which is why the object of the invention was to increase this absorption of the fatty liquid in the granular product. In particular, this is desired for fish feed. According to the invention, the object is achieved by the characterizing part of the independent claims listed combination of features solved
Fischfutterrezepturen, welche üblicherweise einen grossen Anteil Fischmehl enthalten, werden, beispielsweise in Extrudern, schonend bei Temperaturen um 120°C mit etnem Wassergehalt von 20 bis 30% extrudiert Bei optimalen Extrusionsbedingungen bläht sich dieses plastische Material im Extruder bei Temperaturen über 100°C durch den damit verbundenen Dampfdruck auf, um dann beim Austreten aus dem Extruder und damit beim Austreten der Feuchtigkeit und dem damit verbundenen Abkühlen zu einer brotahnlichen, schaumigen Struktur zu erstarrenFish feed recipes, which usually contain a large proportion of fish meal, are extruded gently, for example in extruders, at temperatures around 120 ° C with a water content of 20 to 30%. At optimal extrusion conditions, this plastic material in the extruder expands at temperatures above 100 ° C associated vapor pressure to solidify as a bread-like, foamy structure when it emerges from the extruder and thus when the moisture escapes and the associated cooling
Erfindungsgemass wird ein solch getrocknetes Produkt in einen Mischer gegeben, vorzugsweise in einen Paddelmischer, welcher auf Wiegezellen steht, so dass aufgrund des gemessenen Produktgewichtes die vorgegebene Menge fettender Flüssigkeit beigegeben werden kann Diese vorgegebene Menge fettender Flüssigkeit wird unter gleichzeitigem Drehen des Mischers zudosiert, um die Oberflachen der Produktteile zu benetzen Dabei wird in ähnlicher Weise wie beim vorerwähnten Stand der Technik der Mischer in Unterdruck versetzt, wodurch die Luft aus den Kapilaren des Produktes evakuiert wird In vorteilhafter Weise, weisen die Produktteile hierbei eine vorgegebene Temperatur auf welche einer geringen Viskosität der fettenden Flüssigkeit entspricht, um beim spater erklarten, erfmdungsgemassen Schritt, gut in die Kapilaren bzw Poren des Produktes eindringen zu können Dieser erfindungsgemasse Schritt besteht verfah- rensgemass darin, dass anschliessend an die Erzeugung des Unterdruckes, unter gleichzeitigem Befetten des Produktes, der Unterdruck im Mischer, und damit die Umgebung des Produktes entspannt wird, so dass die nun erneut in den Mischer eindringende atmosphärische Luft, die sich an der Oberflache des Produktes befindliche fet- tende Flüssigkeit in die evakuierten Poren bzw Kapilaren fordertAccording to the invention, such a dried product is placed in a mixer, preferably in a paddle mixer, which stands on weighing cells, so that, based on the measured product weight, the predetermined amount of greasing liquid can be added. This predetermined amount of greasing liquid is metered in while rotating the mixer to the Wetting the surfaces of the product parts In a manner similar to that of the aforementioned prior art, the mixer is placed under negative pressure, as a result of which the air is evacuated from the capillaries of the product In an advantageous manner, the product parts have a predetermined temperature, which corresponds to a low viscosity of the greasing liquid, in order to be able to penetrate well into the capillaries or pores of the product during the step, according to the invention, explained later. This step according to the method consists in that after the generation of the vacuum, while simultaneously greasing the product, the vacuum in the mixer, and thus the surroundings of the product, is relaxed, so that the atmospheric air that is now entering the mixer again, the greasing air on the surface of the product Liquid in the evacuated pores or capillaries
Aufgrund dieses erfmdungsgemassen Forderns der oberflächlichen fettigen Flüssigkeit in die Poren, besteht die Möglichkeit, bis zu 30% oder mehr fettender Flüssigkeit vom Produkt aufnehmen zu lassenDue to this requirement according to the invention of the superficial greasy liquid in the pores, there is the possibility of allowing up to 30% or more of the greasy liquid to be absorbed by the product
Bei Zugaben der fettenden Flüssigkeit unter 10%, was ebenfalls vorteilhafterweise er- findungsgemass durchgeführt wird und bei sehr porösen Produktteilen, wird die fettende Flüssigkeit vorteilhafterweise im Mischer versprüht, um eine gleichmassige Benetzung der Oberflache zu erreichenWhen the greasing liquid is added below 10%, which is also advantageously carried out according to the invention and in the case of very porous product parts, the greasing liquid is advantageously sprayed in the mixer in order to achieve a uniform wetting of the surface
Bei über 15% fettender Flüssigkeit zur Granulatmenge und bei eher kompakten Produktteilen kann auf das Versprühen verzichtet werden, d h die zu fettende Flüssigkeit kann durch das Produkt, d h durch die Produktteile beim Mischprozess teilweise vom Boden des Mischer aufgenommen werdenWith more than 15% greasing liquid to the amount of granulate and with rather compact product parts, spraying can be dispensed with, i.e. the liquid to be greased can be absorbed by the product, i.e. by the product parts during the mixing process, partly from the bottom of the mixer
Vorteilhafterweise wird das befettete Produkt bzw die befetteten Produktteile mit einer Temperatur von ca 40°C einem Kuhler oder einer belüfteten Lagerzelle zugeführtThe greased product or the greased product parts are advantageously fed to a cooler or a ventilated storage cell at a temperature of approximately 40 ° C.
Der Vorteil des erfmdungsgemassen Verfahrens besteht einerseits - wie vorher bereits erwähnt - darin, dass wesentlich mehr Fettanteil pro Granulatmenge am Produkt gebunden ist, als nach dem Verfahren des Standes der Technik, in welchem lediglich das benetzte Produkt einem Vakuum unterzogen wird, ohne dass wahrend des Mischens eine Entspannung des Vakuums erfolgt, in welcher die fettende Flüssigkeit verstärkt in den Poren bzw Kapilaren aufgenommen werden kannThe advantage of the method according to the invention, on the one hand - as already mentioned above - is that significantly more fat content per amount of granules is bound to the product than according to the prior art method in which only the wetted product is subjected to a vacuum without Mixing a relaxation of the vacuum takes place, in which the greasing liquid can be absorbed more in the pores or capillaries
Ein Vorteil dieses Verfahrens egt im Aufnehmen der Fetteile in den Poren und der damit verbundenen Bindung von Produktteile und Fett, d h im Absorbieren in die Poren anstelle des Aufliegens an der Oberflache der Granulate Die Erfindung wird anhand einer, lediglich ein Ausfuhrungsbeispiel darstellenden Figur gezeigt und beschriebenOne advantage of this method is in the absorption of the fat parts in the pores and the associated binding of product parts and fat, ie in the absorption into the pores instead of lying on the surface of the granules The invention is shown and described on the basis of a figure which merely represents an exemplary embodiment
Dabei zeigt die Figur eine erfindungegemasse Anlage mit der erfmdungsgemassen Vorrichtung, schematisch dargestelltThe figure shows a system according to the invention with the device according to the invention, shown schematically
Dabei zeigt die Figur schematisch eine Anlage zur Erzeugung von Extrudaten und der erfmdungsgemassen Befettung dieser Extrudate Die Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf die Verwendung in einer solchen Anlage eingeschränkt, sondern ist in allen Anlagen verwendbar, welche andere poröse Produktteile, wie Pellets, Expaπderpellets etc herstellenThe figure shows schematically a plant for the production of extrudates and the greasing of these extrudates according to the invention. However, the invention is not restricted to the use in such a plant, but can be used in all plants which produce other porous product parts, such as pellets, expander pellets etc.
Mit 1 ist ein Emfulltπchter gekennzeichnet, mittels welchem ein granulöses oder mehli- ges Produkt in eine Dosierschnecke 2 gegeben wird, welche dieses Produkt dosiert einer Konditionierschnecke 3 zufuhrt In dieser Konditionierschnecke wird bekannterweise das mehlige bzw granulöse Produkt für die Behandlung im nachfolgenden Extruder oder Expander feuchtigkeitsmassig, temperaturmassig und konsistenzmassig vorbereitet1 denotes an accumulator, by means of which a granular or floury product is introduced into a metering screw 2, which meteredly feeds this product to a conditioning screw 3. In this conditioning screw, the floury or granular product is known to be moisture-moist for the treatment in the subsequent extruder or expander , prepared for temperature and consistency
Beim nachfolgenden Extruder oder Expander handelt es sich um an sich bekannte Maschinen, beispielsweise um einen Doppelwellenextruder der Marke BI-EX, hergestellt und vertrieben durch die Anmelderin, oder um einen Expander, beispielsweise mit der Bezeichnung DFEA 220 oder Würfelpresse mit der Bezeichnung "KUBEX", ebenfalls hergestellt und vertrieben durch die AnmeldermThe following extruder or expander is a machine known per se, for example a twin-shaft extruder of the BI-EX brand, manufactured and sold by the applicant, or an expander, for example with the designation DFEA 220 or a cube press with the designation "KUBEX" , also manufactured and sold by the applicant
Das extrudierte oder expandierte Produkt wird in einen Trockner gegeben, beispielsweise in einen Bandtrockner, ebenfalls hergestellt und vertrieben durch die Anmelderin, in welchem die Extrudate oder Expandate getrocknet und gekühlt werdenThe extruded or expanded product is placed in a dryer, for example a belt dryer, also manufactured and sold by the applicant, in which the extrudates or expandates are dried and cooled
Die Abluft des Trockners 5 wird mittels einer Ablufthaube 6 gesammtelt und einem Zyklon 7 zugeführt Dabei wird die saubere Luft als Abluft 8 in die Atmosphäre oder in einen weiteren Filter (nicht gezeigt) gegeben Die ausgeschiedene feste Substanz des Zyklons 7 wird in einem Auffangbehalter 9 gesammeltThe exhaust air from the dryer 5 is collected by means of an exhaust hood 6 and fed to a cyclone 7. The clean air is discharged as exhaust air 8 into the atmosphere or into another filter (not shown). The separated solid substance of the cyclone 7 is collected in a collecting container 9
Das im Trockner 5 getrocknete Produkt wird in einen Zwischenbehalter 10 gegeben, welcher in der Regel etwa das Volumen des nachfolgenden Mischers 12 aufweist, um dadurch dem Mischer 12 die Möglichkeit zu geben, chargenweise zu arbeiten Am Auf- lauf des Zwischenbehalters 10 ist ein Schieber 11 vorgesehen, welcher geöffnet dem Inhalt des Zwischenbehalters 10 den nachfolgenden Mischer 12 durchlasstThe product dried in the dryer 5 is placed in an intermediate container 10, which as a rule has approximately the volume of the subsequent mixer 12, in order thereby to give the mixer 12 the possibility of working in batches. run of the intermediate container 10, a slide 11 is provided, which allows the contents of the intermediate container 10 to pass through the subsequent mixer 12
Es versteht sich, dass die Leistungen der nacheinander geschalteten Bearbeitungs- maschiπen aufeinander abgestimmt sein müssenIt goes without saying that the performance of the processing machines connected in series must be coordinated with one another
Der Mischer 12 steht auf Wiegezellen 13, so dass eine vorbestimmte Menge in den Mischer 12 gegeben werden kann, um einerseits den Schieber 1 nach erreichter Menge schliessen zu lassen und andererseits die entsprechende Menge fettender Flüssigkeit beigeben zu lassen wozu die von den Wiegezellen gemessene Produktmenge im Mischer einer Steuerung 19 signa ert wirdThe mixer 12 stands on weighing cells 13, so that a predetermined amount can be added to the mixer 12, on the one hand to let the slide 1 close when the amount has been reached and on the other hand to have the corresponding amount of greasy liquid added, for which purpose the product quantity measured by the weighing cells in Mixer of a controller 19 is signa ert
Die Steuerung 19 schliesst einerseits bei vorgegebener Menge im Mischer den Schieber 11 und rechnet aufgrund des von den Wiegezellen 13 signalisierten Druckgewich- tes die vorgegebnene, prozentual richtige Menge fettender Flüssigkeit welche mittels einer Dosierpumpe 18 aus einem Behalter 17 für die fettende Flüssigkeit in den Mischer 12 gepumpt wirdThe controller 19, on the one hand, closes the slide 11 for a predetermined amount in the mixer and, on the basis of the pressure weight signaled by the weighing cells 13, calculates the predetermined, correct amount of greasing liquid which, by means of a metering pump 18, flows from a container 17 for the greasing liquid into the mixer 12 is pumped
Wahrend dieser Zeit wird der Mischer von derselben Steuerung 19 in Betrieb gesetzt Ein Steurungssatelit 19 1 der Steuerung 19 setzt nach einer vorgegebenen Zeit eine Vakuumpumpe 20 in Betrieb, um wahrend dem Mischprozess und der Benetzung des Produktes im Mischer 12 mittels fettender Flüssigkeit, den Mischer und damit die unmittelbare Umgebung des einzelnen Produktteiles in Unterdruck zu versetzenDuring this time, the mixer is put into operation by the same controller 19. A control satellite 19 1 of the controller 19 puts a vacuum pump 20 into operation after a predetermined time, in order to mix the mixer and. During the mixing process and the wetting of the product in the mixer 12 by means of greasing liquid to put the immediate environment of the individual product part in negative pressure
Durch diesen Unterdruck werden die Poren bzw die Kapilaren der einzelnen Produktteile evakuiert, was sich beispielsweise dadurch am Produkt manifestiert, dass die aus den Poren bzw Kapilaren austretende Luft, Schaumblaschen in der an der Oberflache der einzelnen Produktteile liegenden Feuchtigkeit erzeugtThis negative pressure evacuates the pores or capillaries of the individual product parts, which manifests itself in the product, for example, in that the air emerging from the pores or capillaries generates foam bubbles in the moisture lying on the surface of the individual product parts
Nach einer weiteren vorgegebenen Zeit steuert der Steuerungssatelit 19 1 ein Ent- spannungsventil 21 , an welches zwischen dem Mischer 12 und der Vakuumpumpe 20 an der Verbindungsleitung vom Mischer 12 zur Vakuumpumpe 20 angeschlossen istAfter a further predetermined time, the control satellite 19 1 controls a relief valve 21, to which is connected between the mixer 12 and the vacuum pump 20 on the connecting line from the mixer 12 to the vacuum pump 20
Damit wird der Raum im Mischer wieder entspannt, d h es fliesst wieder atmosphan- sehe Luft über das Entspannungsventil 21 in den Raum des Mischers 12 und damit an die Umgebung des einzelnen Produktteiles mit dem Resultat, dass diese eintretende Luft die fettende Flüssigkeit in die Poren bzw in die Kapilaren druckt bzw fordert, so dass eine intensive Befettung des einzelnen Produktteiles erfolgt was zu dem erfin- dungsgemassen besseren Befettungsresultat von ca 30% oder mehr Fettanteile gegenüber Granulatanteil anstelle der ca 13% des erwähnten Standes der TechnikIn this way, the space in the mixer is relaxed again, ie atmospheric air flows again via the expansion valve 21 into the space of the mixer 12 and thus into the surroundings of the individual product part, with the result that the air entering the greasing liquid into the pores or prints into the capillaries or urges them, so that the individual product part is greased intensively, which leads to the invented According to the better greasing result of about 30% or more fat compared to granules instead of about 13% of the prior art mentioned
Da während des Entspannens der Mischprozess weiterlauft und damit die Befeuchtung der einzelnen Produktteile weitererfolgt, besteht die Möglichkeit, nicht nur das Oel, welches sich an der Oberfläche des einzelnen Produktteiles befindet, sondern nach weiter während des Mischens nachaufgenommene feuchtende Flüssigkeit, aufgrund der einf essenden Luft in die Poren nachzufordern.Since the mixing process continues during relaxation and thus the moistening of the individual product parts continues, there is the possibility not only of the oil which is on the surface of the individual product part, but also of moist liquid which has been absorbed further during the mixing, due to the ingesting air into the pores.
Nach Abschluss der Befettung des Produktes im Mischer, entleert sich dessen Inhalt nach einer in der Steuerung 19 eingegebenen Zeit in einen Zwischenbehälter 14, aus welchem das befettete Produkt mittels einem Dosierelement 15 ausgetragen und weiter als Endprodukt 16 dem nächsten Ziel zugeführt wird, beispielsweise in eine Lagerzelle.After the greasing of the product in the mixer has ended, its content is emptied after a time entered in the control 19 into an intermediate container 14, from which the greased product is discharged by means of a metering element 15 and is further conveyed as the final product 16 to the next destination, for example into a Storage cell.
Mit der gezeigten Anlage wird dem Mischer prozentual so viel fettender Flüssigkeit beigegeben, als dies erfahrungsgemäss das zu befettende Produkt in der Lage ist, aufzunehmen, so dass beim Entleeren des Mischers 12, keine nicht aufgenommene, fettende Flüssigkeit am Boden des Mischers übrigbleibtWith the system shown, the mixer is added as a percentage of greasing liquid as experience has shown that the product to be greased is able to absorb, so that when the mixer 12 is emptied, no greasy liquid that has not been absorbed remains at the bottom of the mixer
Es sei noch erwähnt, dass das Aufbauen des genannten Unterdruckes und das nachfolgende Entspannen mehr als einmal erfolgtIt should also be mentioned that the build-up of the vacuum mentioned and the subsequent relaxation takes place more than once
Im weiteren kann das Entspannungsventil als Druckregel ventil vorgesehen werden, so dass die wieder einf esseπde Luft geregelt zuruckfliesst Furthermore, the expansion valve can be provided as a pressure control valve, so that the air that flows back in flows back in a controlled manner
LEGENDELEGEND
I Einfύlltπchter 2 DosierschneckeI feed 2 dosing screw
3 Konditionierschnecke3 conditioning screw
4 Extruder oder Expander4 extruders or expanders
5 Trockner5 dryers
6 Ablufthaube 7 Zyklon6 Exhaust hood 7 cyclone
8 Abluft8 exhaust air
9 Auffangbehälter9 collecting container
10 Zwischenbehälter10 intermediate containers
I I Schieber 12 MischerI I slide 12 mixer
13 Wiegezellen13 load cells
14 Zwischenbehälter14 intermediate container
15 Austrag- und Dosierelement (Band oder Schnecke)15 discharge and metering element (belt or screw)
16 Endprodukt 17 Behälter für fettende Flüssigkeit 18 Dosierpumpe 19, 19 1 Steuerung16 End product 17 Container for greasing liquid 18 Dosing pump 19, 19 1 control
20 Vakuumpumpe20 vacuum pump
21 Entspannungsventil 21 expansion valve

Claims

PatenanspruchePatent claims
1 Verfahren zum Befetten (auch Befeuchten mit Fett genannt) von Granulaten, wie z B Extrudaten, Pellets, Expanderpellets etc mit fettender Flüssigkeit, wie Oel, flussigem Fett etc , mit den Verfahrensschritten1 Process for greasing (also called moistening with fat) granules, such as extrudates, pellets, expander pellets, etc. with greasing liquid, such as oil, liquid fat, etc., with the process steps
- Zusammenführen einer vorgegebenen Menge der Granulate und einer vorgegebenen Menge fettender Flüssigkeit, zwecks Befeuchtung der Granulate- Combining a predetermined amount of the granules and a predetermined amount of greasing liquid, for the purpose of moistening the granules
- Erzeugen eines vorgegebenen Unterdruckes in der unmittelbaren Umgebung der befetteten Granulate, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genannte Unterdruck über eine vorgegebene Zeitdauer entspannt wird- Generating a predetermined vacuum in the immediate vicinity of the greased granules, characterized in that said vacuum is released over a predetermined period of time
2 Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wahrend des2 The method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the
Entspannens zusätzlich fettende Flüssigkeit mit dem Produkt zusammengeführt wirdRelaxing additional greasy liquid is combined with the product
3 Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einzelne oder mehrere der genannten Verfahrensschritte entsprechend einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne erfolgen3 The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more of the said method steps take place according to a predetermined period of time
4 Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Entspannen in mehr als einem Schritt erfolgt4 The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the relaxation takes place in more than one step
5 Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verfahrensschritte chargenweise geschehen5 Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the process steps are carried out in batches
6 Vorrichtung zur Durchfuhrung des Verfahrens nach mindestens einem der vorangehenden Verfahrensanspruchen,6 device for carrying out the method according to at least one of the preceding method claims,
mit einem Mischer für das Mischen von Granulaten mit einer fettenden Flüssigkeit,with a mixer for mixing granules with a greasy liquid,
mit einer Dosiereinheit für das Dosieren der zu befettenden Granulate, - mit einer Dosiereinheit mit für das Dosieren der beizugebenden fettenden Flus sigkeitwith a dosing unit for dosing the granules to be greased, - With a dosing unit for dosing the greasy liquid to be added
- mit einer steuerbaren Vakuumerzeugereinheit für das Erzeugen eines Unter druckes im Mischer, dadurch gekennzeichnet,with a controllable vacuum generator unit for generating a negative pressure in the mixer, characterized in that
- dass ein Mittel für das vorgegebene Entspannen des genannten Unterdruckes vorgesehen ist- That a means is provided for the predetermined relaxation of the negative pressure mentioned
7 Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das genannte Mittel ein Ventil ist7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that said means is a valve
8 Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Steuerung für das Steuern des Ventiles vorgesehen ist, welche das genannte Entspannen wie vorgegeben durchfuhrt8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that a control is provided for controlling the valve, which carries out said relaxation as specified
9 Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mischer ein Chargenmischer ist, und 9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the mixer is a batch mixer, and
EP96922726A 1996-07-23 1996-07-23 Method of incorporating fatty matter into granulated products Withdrawn EP0915664A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH1996/000265 WO1998003080A1 (en) 1996-07-23 1996-07-23 Method of incorporating fatty matter into granulated products

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EP0915664A1 true EP0915664A1 (en) 1999-05-19

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EP (1) EP0915664A1 (en)
JP (1) JP3985906B2 (en)
WO (1) WO1998003080A1 (en)

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WO1998003080A1 (en) 1998-01-29
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US6136353A (en) 2000-10-24

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