EP0905500B1 - Dispositif de diagnostic d'erreurs - Google Patents

Dispositif de diagnostic d'erreurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0905500B1
EP0905500B1 EP98116600A EP98116600A EP0905500B1 EP 0905500 B1 EP0905500 B1 EP 0905500B1 EP 98116600 A EP98116600 A EP 98116600A EP 98116600 A EP98116600 A EP 98116600A EP 0905500 B1 EP0905500 B1 EP 0905500B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fault
condition
process parameters
diagnosis
error
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98116600A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0905500A3 (fr
EP0905500A2 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Burkhardt
Herbert Dr. Strobel
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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DaimlerChrysler AG
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Publication of EP0905500A3 publication Critical patent/EP0905500A3/fr
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0808Diagnosing performance data
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C3/00Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles
    • G07C3/08Registering or indicating the production of the machine either with or without registering working or idle time

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fault diagnosis device for the detection of defective components of a technical system with error-relevant process variables whose status changes when they occur a corresponding component failure from an error-free state changes to an error state by its state value leaves a predetermined tolerance range.
  • Fault diagnosis devices for detection including identification and display of defective components of a technical Systems, such as a production plant, a computer system, one Motor vehicle etc. are known in various ways. Most of time the current status values of the process variables of the Systems, which consist of input variables, output variables and internal Compose state variables, recorded and with predetermined Setpoints compared. Soaks the instantaneous value by more than one from the setpoint, this is considered an error and displayed. With electrical or electronic systems the assessment can usually be made directly by means of appropriate electronic Means such as comparators, window discriminators etc., in systems with a mechanical component, the associated Process variables if necessary by a transducer in converted an electrical signal, which is then evaluated for comparison can be.
  • a technical Systems such as a production plant, a computer system, one Motor vehicle etc.
  • a fault diagnosis device to determine the cause of an error in a tested Device with a detection device, the parameters of the tested Device detected, and written with a storage device.
  • the storage device are a search tree with nodes, the respective subunits correspond to the tested device, and the test tables assigned to the nodes, in each of which at least one to be detected by the detection device Parameters and a related test condition are specified, corresponding to an error probability table the results of tests according to the at least one test condition and names of daughter nodes are stored in advance, where in a test table that has a node with at least three child nodes is assigned, in addition at least two to be detected Parameters and test conditions are given.
  • search / inference device in advance in the storage device saved, which selects nodes along the search tree and evaluates the associated test tables, taking the Node selection based on the result of the evaluation of the test tables performs.
  • This is intended to provide a targeted link between individuals Test tables by the search / inference device in the manner of a non-binary search tree can be realized.
  • the search tree has it one corresponding to the hardware organization of the tested device Search tree. This setup requires a relative one high computing power during the system runtime, since many Make decisions and reload tables if necessary are.
  • Any applicable symptom error relationship and any type of Non-function also becomes a set of ambiguity group effects assigned to reorder the ambiguity group. Starting with those components in the ambiguity group, the most likely to fail is a Structural model analyzed, and as a result of the analysis Repair suggestions with tests to be carried out on the system issued.
  • the system model describes the system components are event-structured with additional ones Information about their probability of failure, ease of repair, Accessibility etc.
  • the implementation this diagnostic knowledge, for the specific knowledge and / or experience are not suitable for use there, where the systems to be diagnosed according to structure and Expression subject to short-term changes, such as this e.g. is the case with motor vehicles.
  • the invention is a technical problem of providing based on a fault diagnosis device of the type mentioned at the beginning, with that in system operation with comparatively little Computing effort relatively quickly suspect system components can be recognized.
  • the invention solves this problem by providing a Fault diagnosis device with the features of claim 1.
  • This facility is based on the fact that, in the case of Non-function of a system component, i.e. when a Component failure, certain, referred to as failure-relevant Process variables of the system change their state from an error-free state change to an error state so that from their state concluded on the one or more suspect components can be.
  • This binary state decision for the The respective process variable takes place depending on whether the associated status value of the process variable inside or outside a value range specified for him as a tolerance range lies.
  • knowledge is usable about the function of resources other than from a faulty one also used by one or more other signal paths will suspect the number of those in the faulty path Components can significantly reduce.
  • the process variables are divided into primary, out of tolerance, and affected by it, component failure differentiate precise secondary process variables, that do not exceed their tolerance range, but in all of them are indicative of the error in question.
  • only the primary process variables by moving from their error-free state to their error state switch, trigger a diagnostic process, the remaining, secondary Process variables are queried.
  • the primary and each associated secondary process variables and their component error indications State combinations can be automated based on existing design documents, model-based in advance determine by simulation and in a checklist as well save a status table. So you can use the model automated and without the need to include Technical or special knowledge a detailed assignment of causes of errors and document the effects of errors. So far that too diagnostic system contains independent functional groups, it can be divided according to what for modeling the number of simulations required is reduced.
  • a fault diagnosis device further developed according to claim 2 is the diagnostic module designed so that it during a diagnostic process as suspected system components ordered according to their empirically determined probability of failure displays. With this, the operating or service personnel enabled to target the error that occurred first with the most likely to fix counter the same leading measure.
  • a fault diagnosis device further developed according to claim 3 saves the diagnostic module for the respective diagnostic process the information about the triggering primary process variable, the determined state combination of the error-relevant Process variables and the associated suspect system components in a diagnostic result memory, whereby the occurred Errors and their causes are documented.
  • this is used during an ongoing diagnostic process at Query and then evaluate the status of the faulty Process variables Information about this from previous Diagnostic processes to be used in the diagnostic result memory are filed.
  • Such an evaluation can then possibly several suggestions of sentences suspect Result in system components, of which by means of a corresponding, best algorithm is used as a result. With this measure you can for example, errors that have occurred in the past and are no longer present because of the associated signal path is not currently active, include in the evaluation, whereby if necessary, the diagnostic result can be improved.
  • Fig. 1 generally shows the structure of a diagnosis technical system S that any number n of computing units R1, ..., Rn, of which only a first Computer unit R1 is shown in somewhat more detail.
  • the system S generates by means of processing logic V, which in the computer units R1, ..., Rn are implemented, state variables Z1, Z2 and output variables A1, A2, ..., Am depending on the respective State of input variables E1, ..., Ek.
  • a diagnostic module D as a central component of one Fault diagnosis device coupled, which the multitude of in System S existing, various components K1 to K4 occurring errors are monitored, with the system components within or arranged outside the computer units R1, ..., Rn could be.
  • the total of the input variables E1, ..., Ek, der State variables Z1, Z2, ... and the output variables A1, ..., Am forms the set of process variables of system S.
  • the diagnostic module D includes a checklist CL, which consists of individual partial checklists CL_1, ..., CL_n, which error-relevant process variables exist included for the individual function groups FG Process size status table ZT, which the assignment occurred Status changes from process variables to the suspect System components documented, and a process control AS.
  • the checklist CL and the status table ZT are before the actual system operation in advance in a generation phase obtained and stored in the diagnostic module D.
  • the sequence control AS as illustrated in a block diagram, contains the Communication and database functions required for error diagnosis as well as a recorder function with which all of the Diagnostic module D detected non-functions or errors of system components in chronologically correct order in one Error memory E that functions as a diagnostic result memory is stored become.
  • the diagnostic module D contains a buffer ZS.
  • each of the function groups FG of the System S created a functional model that the hardware and software structure reproduces the function group FG.
  • a functional model that the hardware and software structure reproduces the function group FG.
  • Permutations of the relevant ones are then made on the model M thus obtained Input variables E1, ... are simulated and the series after all system components involved are used as faulty.
  • the associated process variables of the system S their state values a predefined one due to the simulated component error Leave tolerance range.
  • the diagnostic module monitored with the diagnostic module D prepared in this way then the fault diagnosis device the system S to the presence defective components corresponding to that shown in FIG. 4 Method.
  • the diagnostic module detects D continuously the primary process variables, i.e. those Process variables of the system S, for at least one component error represent a primary process variable.
  • the captured instantaneous State values of the primary process variables are from the diagnostic module D then evaluated whether it was your given Tolerance range that corresponds to the error-free state of the process variable have left and consequently the state of the process variable changed to the error state.
  • step 2 Only if in the concerned Query step 2 is recognized by the diagnostic module D, that the state of an error-relevant primary process variable changed to the error state, this triggers a further Diagnostic process, in which in a next step 3 from Diagnostic module D based on the checklist CL the partial checklist is determined, which is assigned to that primary process variable that has changed to the error state.
  • the determined partial checklist the diagnostic module D takes the associated other error-relevant, secondary process variables of the relevant function group FG.
  • the diagnostic module then asks D from the system S the current state values of these secondary Process variables from and thereby determines whether the respective secondary Process variable in the error-free state or in the error state (step 4).
  • the diagnostic module D compares the system query determined the current state combination of primary process variable that triggered the diagnostic process, and those belonging to this, listed in their partial checklist secondary process variables with those in the status table ZT saved combinations of states. If the current state combination queried in system operation with the one stored in a certain line of the status table ZT State combinations become those in this line of the state table Sometimes specified as suspect system components read out by the diagnostic module D and suspected of error by the user displayed (step 6). In addition, that saves Diagnostic module D then the essential information on the diagnostic process and the diagnostic result, i.e. Data about the primary process variable that triggers the diagnostic process has, as well as the current status combination queried by the system this process variable and that of the relevant partial checklist associated secondary process variables in error memory E.
  • the display of the suspect system components is preferably done in an order in descending order Probability of error, for which purpose for each system component an empirically determined probability of error is given becomes.
  • the state combinations stored there allow from previously occurring component failures a reproduction of the system state at a later time. If namely those primary process variables that lead to a have previously been in the error state and had initiated a diagnostic process, even as one of the secondary ones Process variables that correspond to that primary process variable which are caused by a current component error in the Error state has occurred and the ongoing diagnostic process has been queried regarding its current status, can that state be used for evaluation, which these process variables at the time they initiated Diagnostic query had taken, including that connected states of the associated secondary process variables.
  • the entire vehicle to be diagnosed includes one Series of electronic assemblies and associated with them electrical and mechanical components or peripheral assemblies, the electrical components, e.g. Incandescent, if necessary via suitable driver stages from the electronics directly and the mechanical components via electromechanical actuators, such as electric motors, solenoid valves, relays and the like Actuators that can be operated.
  • the state values of the Process variables of this system, especially the electrical and mechanical components, and the execution of operations are at least partially connected to the electronic with the help of sensors Components reported.
  • the electronic assemblies also included in the diagnosis.
  • a first current path includes one Input variable A, the further process variable voltage Ua and Current Ia, a system component common to both paths in the form of a first plug connection S1, a line connection ca, a second common system component in the form of a second Connector S2, a component in the form of a first Lamp La and a ground connection M, which are also two paths is common.
  • the other current path contains an input variable B, the further process variable voltage Ub and current intensity Ib, a line connection cb as a further system component, the Plug connections S1 and S2, a second lamp Lb and the common one Earth connection M.
  • the partial checklist 6 shows a partial checklist belonging to this function group, which belongs to the assumed case that the amperage Ia as a primary process variable from the error-free state in the Error state has changed. This is shown by an interruption of the first current path, so that there is no current flow there is measurable and the associated lamp La does not burn.
  • the partial checklist 6 includes in addition to the component error for this current Ia of the first acting as the primary process variable Current paths the two input variables A, B, the two Voltages Ua, Ub and the current Ib in the other current path.
  • the first line of the state table ZT shown in FIG. 7 gives indicates that input variable A is active, input variable B is inactive, the voltage Ua active, i.e. measurable, and the current Ia inactive, i.e. are not measurable, the lamp La not burning. Furthermore, the associated voltage Ub and the associated Current Ib inactive.
  • the second line of the state table ZT of FIG. 7 indicates that input variable A active, input variable B inactive, Voltage Ua active and current Ia inactive, i.e. Not are measurable, again the lamp La not burning.
  • the voltage Ub is now active in the other current path, i.e. available, while the associated current Ib as is measured inactive.
  • the Diagnostic device is with its diagnostic module able to detect a system error relatively quickly and the faulty system component causing this to recognize with relatively little effort. It is an advantage among other things, the structuring of the error-relevant process variables for a respective component failure in the immediate associated with this, measurable primary process variable and that dependent secondary process variables to which the component failure relates affects indirectly.
  • This structuring of the process variables allows only the primary process variables to run on the system to monitor. Only after an error condition occurs primary process variable are the states of the associated secondary Process variables queried and evaluated on the system. By the preliminary determination and storage of the checklist and the status table can then use the determined combination of states for the primary and the associated secondary process variables the suspect system components from the diagnostic module with relatively low computing power can be quickly determined and displayed.

Claims (4)

  1. Dispositif de diagnostic de défauts servant à identifier des composants défectueux d'un système technique (S) comprenant des variables de processus importantes concernant les défauts, variables dont l'état, lors de l'apparition d'un défaut respectif du composant, se modifie, passant d'un état exempt de défaut à un état comportant des défauts, tandis que la valeur d'état de ces variables quitte une plage de tolérance prédéterminée,
    caractérisé par un module de diagnostic (D) ayant les caractéristiques suivantes :
    il contient, stockés en mémoire, une liste de contrôle (CL) et un tableau d'état (ZT) qui sont déterminés à l'avance par une simulation des défauts des composants, sur un modèle de fonctionnement du système ayant été généré, où les variables du processus importantes concernant les défauts, pour le composant défectueux respectif du système, sont déterminées séparément d'après des variables primaires du processus, indiquant directement un défaut du composant, lesquelles variables primaires quittent une plage de tolérance prédéterminée suite à l'apparition du défaut dans le composant concerné du système, et d'après des variables secondaires du processus influencées par ces variables primaires, où la liste de contrôle indique pour chaque variable primaire du processus, dans une liste de contrôle partielle respective (CL_1, ..., CL_n), les variables secondaires du processus influencées par cette variable primaire, et où le tableau d'état indique les composants correspondants du système, susceptibles d'être défectueux, pour chaque combinaison d'état des variables du processus importantes concernant les défauts ; et
    il collecte en continu, pendant le fonctionnement du système, les valeurs d'état de ces variables du processus qui peuvent apparaítre comme des variables primaires du processus, détermine l'état de ces variables et active, dès que le dispositif de diagnostic de défauts constate l'état de défaut pour l'une de ces variables du processus, un processus de diagnostic au cours duquel le dispositif de diagnostic de défauts prend, dans la liste de contrôle; les variables secondaires du processus faisant partie de la variable primaire du processus, se trouvant dans l'état de défaut, interroge par le système (S) les valeurs d'état de ces variables secondaires, détermine leur état, compare la combinaison d'état ainsi déterminée des variables du processus importantes concernant les défauts, aux combinaisons d'états mémorisées dans le tableau d'état (ZT) et, en cas de concordance avec l'une des combinaisons d'états mémorisées, constate les composants du système, susceptibles d'être défectueux et mémorisés de façon appropriée dans le tableau d'état.
  2. Dispositif de diagnostic de défauts selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en outre par le fait que le module de diagnostic (D) indique les composants du système, constatés comme étant susceptibles d'être défectueux dans le processus de diagnostic respectif, ordonnés d'après une probabilité de défaut fixée empiriquement pour chaque composant du système.
  3. Dispositif de diagnostic de défauts selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en outre par le fait que le module de diagnostic (D) stocke dans une mémoire (E) de résultats de diagnostic, les informations de résultats du processus de diagnostic respectif concernant la variable primaire déclenchante du processus, la combinaison d'état, déterminée à cette fin, des variables du processus importantes concernant les défauts, et les composants correspondants du système, susceptibles d'être défectueux.
  4. Dispositif de diagnostic de défauts selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en outre par le fait que le module de diagnostic (D), pendant un processus de diagnostic en cours, utilise lors de l'interrogation et de l'exploitation ultérieure des états des variables impliquées du processus importantes concernant les défauts, les informations de processus de diagnostic antérieurs, stockées dans la mémoire (E) de résultats de diagnostic.
EP98116600A 1997-09-26 1998-09-02 Dispositif de diagnostic d'erreurs Expired - Lifetime EP0905500B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19742446A DE19742446B4 (de) 1997-09-26 1997-09-26 Fehlerdiagnoseverfahren
DE19742446 1997-09-26

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EP0905500A2 EP0905500A2 (fr) 1999-03-31
EP0905500A3 EP0905500A3 (fr) 1999-11-10
EP0905500B1 true EP0905500B1 (fr) 2002-12-18

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US (1) US6226760B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0905500B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3116322B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE19742446B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2187866T3 (fr)

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DE4320173C2 (de) * 1993-06-18 1998-01-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Diagnoseverfahren für Kraftfahrzeuge zum Überprüfen elektronisch gesteuerter Systeme

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0905500A3 (fr) 1999-11-10
JP3116322B2 (ja) 2000-12-11
DE59806700D1 (de) 2003-01-30
DE19742446B4 (de) 2006-05-24
DE19742446A1 (de) 1999-04-22
EP0905500A2 (fr) 1999-03-31
ES2187866T3 (es) 2003-06-16
US6226760B1 (en) 2001-05-01
JPH11194075A (ja) 1999-07-21

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