Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
  • A61K39/08—Clostridium, e.g. Clostridium tetani
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/12—Antidiarrhoeals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/02—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K2039/54—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the route of administration
  • A61K2039/541—Mucosal route
  • A61K2039/543—Mucosal route intranasal
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
  • A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
  • A61K2039/55544—Bacterial toxins
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
  • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

• Pathogens to which mucosal immune responses may be induced in the methods of the invention, and from which the antigens (e.g., non-replicatable polypeptide antigens) may be derived include, but are not limited to gastrointestinal pathogens such as Helicobacter ⁇ (e.g., H. pylori , H. feli ⁇ , and H. heilmanii) , Campylobacters (e.g., C. jejuni) , pathogens which cause diarrhea and colitis (e.g., Clostridia (e.g., C. difficile, C. novyi , and C. sordellii) , enterotoxigenic E.
• Helicobacter ⁇ e.g., H. pylori , H. feli ⁇ , and H. heilmanii
• Campylobacters e.g., C. jejuni
• pathogens which cause diarrhea and colitis e.g., Clostridia
• the toxin polypeptides can be produced in a prokaryotic host (e.g., E. coli) or in a eukaryotic host (e.g., yeast cells (e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae) , mammalian cells (e.g., COS1, NIH3T3, or JEG3 cells), or arthropod cells (e.g., Spodoptera frugiperda (SF9) cells) ) .
• yeast cells e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae
• mammalian cells e.g., COS1, NIH3T3, or JEG3 cells
• arthropod cells e.g., Spodoptera frugiperda (SF9) cells
• IMR-90 fibroblast cells were grown to confluence in 96-well plates in D-MEM media (Gibco, Grand Island, NY) containing 10% fetal calf serum.
• the minimal dose of Toxin A or Toxin B needed to cause 100% rounding of the cells was defined as 1 cytotoxic unit (CTU 100 ) .
• CTU 100 cytotoxic unit
• Toxin A 6.3 ng/ml
• Toxin B 125 pg/ml
• Two-fold dilutions of the hamster serum samples ranging from 1:100 to 12,800, were mixed with 4CTU 100 of either toxin, incubated for 1 hour at 37°C, and the mixture was then added to the cells.
• the cultures were centrifuged and the pellets were washed three times with PBS.
• the pellets were resuspended in 250 ⁇ l of 3% SDS in PBS, and the lysates were fractionated by electrophoresis in a 12% preparative SDS- polyacrylamide gel (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) at 200 volts for 1 hour. Proteins were transferred from the gel to nitrocellulose at 150 volts for 1.2 hours in a Bethesda Research Laboratories Mini-V 8-10 chamber (Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY) .
• Serum antibodies against C. difficile antigens were measured in hamsters from all experimental groups. Immune responses to Toxin A after the priming immunization were studied by ELISA in some of the groups. No specific IgG was detected in animals vaccinated by the i.n.i.p., r., and w.c.r. routes on days 2, 4, and 7 after the initial vaccine dose. In the parenterally immunized animals (i.p. and s.c), no response was evident after days 2 and 4, but at day 7, a slight rise in antibody titer was observed. In contrast, the antibody responses measured after the last vaccine dose (day 36) demonstrated sero-conversion in all groups. The absence of early (anamnestic) antibody responses to the first vaccine dose shows that the animals were immunologically naive and had not previously been primed with Toxin A.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
• Reproductive Health (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Endocrinology (AREA)
• Mycology (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
• Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

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Publications (2)

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• 1996
  • 1996-06-26 WO PCT/US1996/010987 patent/WO1997002835A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1996-06-26 JP JP9505849A patent/JPH11510793A/ja active Pending
  • 1996-06-26 AU AU64799/96A patent/AU722653B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1996-06-26 CA CA002226392A patent/CA2226392A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-06-26 CN CN96196763A patent/CN1195993A/zh active Pending
  • 1996-06-26 EP EP96924312A patent/EP0877623A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1996-06-26 NZ NZ312876A patent/NZ312876A/en unknown
  • 1996-07-05 ZA ZA965737A patent/ZA965737B/xx unknown

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