EP0863379A1 - Electro-pyrotechnic initiator constructed around a printed circuit - Google Patents

Electro-pyrotechnic initiator constructed around a printed circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0863379A1
EP0863379A1 EP98400495A EP98400495A EP0863379A1 EP 0863379 A1 EP0863379 A1 EP 0863379A1 EP 98400495 A EP98400495 A EP 98400495A EP 98400495 A EP98400495 A EP 98400495A EP 0863379 A1 EP0863379 A1 EP 0863379A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
initiator
initiator according
electromagnetic protection
support
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Granted
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EP98400495A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0863379B1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Duvacquier
Christian Perotto
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Livbag SAS
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Livbag SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
    • F42B3/121—Initiators with incorporated integrated circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/18—Safety initiators resistant to premature firing by static electricity or stray currents
    • F42B3/188—Safety initiators resistant to premature firing by static electricity or stray currents having radio-frequency filters, e.g. containing ferrite cores or inductances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of pyrotechnic initiators and more specifically concerns an electro-pyrotechnic initiator intended for the automotive safety.
  • Electro-pyrotechnic initiators are traditionally made from two pins conductive of electricity which are maintained by a overmolding of insulating material and the ends of which are connected to each other by a filament resistive heater which is enclosed in a pearl igniter made from a primary explosive such as lead trinitroresorcinate or styphnate lead and whose lower ends are connected to a source of electrical current.
  • Such electro-pyrotechnic initiators are widely used to build devices ignition of pyrotechnic gas generators intended to inflate protective cushions for occupants of a motor vehicle.
  • a ferrite core like this is for example described in patents U-S-A-4,722,551 and EP-A-0 512 682.
  • the resistive heating filament is sometimes replaced by a printed circuit comprising a part resistive and heating as it is, for example, described in patent application FR-A-2 704 944 or in its correspondent US-A-5, 544, 585.
  • the object of the present invention is precisely to propose such an initiator by removing the pins and ferrite cores and integrating their functions in a complete printed circuit, unlike anything that has been done so far.
  • the PCB holder will normally made from one of the insulating materials usually used to make such supports.
  • the said resistive heating element is itself consisting of a resistive strip formed on the PCB support and heat-sensitive load is deposited on said resistive strip.
  • the electromagnetic protection means of the initiator against stray currents can be consisting of at least one filter coil deposited on said circuit support.
  • the filter coil can itself be printed on said circuit support and constitute with said electrical circuit a multilayer printed circuit.
  • Said means of electromagnetic protection can still be made up of at least one capacitor deposited on said circuit support.
  • the said electrical circuit and the said means of protection electromagnetic will be covered by a layer of insulating varnish.
  • the circuit support covered or not by a layer of insulating varnish, will also be partially coated with an insulating overmold of so as to leave only the part of the support free circuit carrying the covered resistive heating element by the thermosensitive load.
  • the charge thermosensitive is not itself at least partially maintained by the said overmolding, it will be advantageously protected by a fragmentable mask.
  • said circuit support has the form of a thin parallelepiped card with two sides opposite planes.
  • This second embodiment of the invention makes it possible to make initiators electro-pyrotechnics in which on each of the two flat faces of the circuit support is printed a separate circuit of conductive strips each including a resistive heating element covered by a load thermosensitive and protective means electromagnetic. It is thus possible to constitute an initiator which presents, for an electrical source single, two separate ignition heads and that is particularly reliable and safe.
  • the invention also relates to an electro-pyrotechnic igniter characterized in that an initiator according to the invention is surrounded by a fragmentable cap containing powdered ignition powder.
  • the invention finally relates to the use of a electro-pyrotechnic initiator according to the invention for cause the ignition of a pyrotechnic generator gas intended to inflate a protective cushion for occupant of a motor vehicle.
  • the initiator may be used directly to switch on the load generator pyrotechnic when it is under form of grains or pellets, it will advantageously used via an igniter as described higher when the load is in block form compact.
  • the invention thus makes it possible, from small very simple and very economical printed circuits carry out, constitute initiators or space-saving and very reliable igniters.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view, with partial cutaway, of an igniter formed from an initiator according to the invention shown for reasons of clarity of the figure without protective mask.
  • FIGS. 2 , 3 and 4 illustrate the successive stages of constitution of an initiator according to the invention from its circuit support.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a printed circuit on which the electromagnetic protection is provided by capacitors.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a printed circuit on which the electromagnetic protection is provided by a traditional filter coil.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a printed circuit on which the electromagnetic protection is provided by a coil printed in a multilayer circuit.
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an initiator comprising two separate ignition heads, the heat-sensitive charges of which are partially maintained by overmolding.
  • FIG. 1 shows an igniter 1 consisting of an initiator 2 connected to a cable electric 3.
  • the initiator 2 is contained mainly in a cylindrical overmold 4 having on the cable side 3 a base 5 of diameter slightly higher.
  • the initiator 2 has, at its end opposite to the base 5, an ignition head which will be described in details a little further but which can be observed that it has a thermosensitive filler 6 based on lead trinitroresorcinate which is protected by a mask 7 made of transparent plastic not shown in Figure 1.
  • a metal cap fragmentable 8 of cylindrical shape encloses the overmolding 4 by resting on the base 5. This cap is closed at its end opposite the base 5 and contains a pyrotechnic charge 9 generator gas.
  • the constitution of initiator 2 is now described in detail with particular reference in Figures 2 to 5.
  • the initiator 2 is formed from of a printed circuit support 10 which has the form of a thin parallelepiped card with two sides opposite planes.
  • This support 10 is formed from an epoxy resin loaded with glass fibers.
  • On one two conductive strips 11 are printed on its faces and 12 which are each welded at one of their ends to the conductive wires 13 and 14 constituting the cable electric 3.
  • a resistive heating element 15 connects between them the free ends of the strips conductive 11 and 12.
  • This resistive heating element 15 can be a resistive wire but will be advantageously consisting of a defined resistive heating strip by a printed sub-circuit 16 as described in the patent US-A-5, 544 585 or in its correspondent FR-A-2 704,944, the description of which is included, by reference, to this description.
  • the resistive heating element 15 may also be made up of a diode or a semiconductor bridge as described for example in the request for Patent FR-A-2,720,493.
  • Two capacitors 17 and 18 are removed and connected to the circuit formed by the strips conductive 11 and 12 as well as by the resistive element 15. These capacitors are the means of electromagnetic protection of the circuit by preventing discharge of stray currents through the element 15.
  • electromagnetic protection means could also consist of a coil filter 61 deposited and connected to a printed circuit on a support 60 and constituted by two strips conductive 62 and 63 interconnected by an element resistive 64 as shown in Figure 6.
  • a variant for making such electromagnetic protection is shown in Figure 7.
  • On a support 70 is printed a circuit consisting of two strips conductive 72 and 73 interconnected by an element resistive 74.
  • the conductive strip 72 forms around the support 70 a coil 71 constituting with the strip 73 a multilayer circuit.
  • the part of the face of the support 10 on which are printed strips 11 and 12 and on which rest capacitor 17 and 18 is covered by a layer of insulating varnish 19.
  • This layer 19 does not cover the end of the support 10 which carries the resistive element 15 and which will constitute the ignition head of initiator.
  • the support 10 is partially surrounded by a cylindrical overmolding 4 in adhesive resin based on hot-melt polyamide.
  • thermosensitive filler 6 for example based on lead trinitroresorcinate.
  • Load 6 is protected by a mask 7 made of transparent plastic. Initiator 2 is thus completed and can be used to constitute the igniter 1 described above.
  • FIG. 8 shows an initiator 82 which constitutes an alternative embodiment of the initiator 2 which has just been described.
  • Initiator 82 is built around a card-shaped circuit support 80 thin parallelepiped.
  • the essential difference between this initiator 82 and the initiator 2 described more high resides in the fact that each of the two faces of the support 80 carries a complete printed circuit 87 or 89 connected to the same 83 power supply cable electric.
  • the support 80 is partially coated with a cylindrical overmolding 84 which has a base widened 85 and which partially maintains the loads thermosensitive 86 and 88 constituting the heads ignition. In this realization, the initiator does not no protective mask required.
  • thermosensitive In case of arrival current through cable 83 both loads thermosensitive are simultaneously ignited and initiator 82 thus presents a very large efficiency in normal operation and very high safety both with regard to stray currents thanks to its electromagnetic protections 91.93 or 92.94 integrated only vis-à-vis possible misfires thanks to the doubling of the heads.

Abstract

The initiator, connected to an electrical cable (3) with two conductor wires (13, 14), consists of a heat-sensitive charge which can be set off by a heating resistance (15), an electrical circuit connecting the resistance to the wires, and electromagnetic protection elements for the circuit. The heating resistance (15), electrical circuit and protection elements are integrated in a circuit of conducting strips (11, 12) which are welded to the conductor wires and formed on a printed circuit support (10) surrounded by the initiator. The heating resistance is in the form of a resistive strip with the heat-sensitive charge deposited on it, and the electromagnetic protection elements comprises at least one filtering coil or condenser on the circuit support, covered by a layer of insulating varnish or overmoulded insulation.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine des initiateurs pyrotechniques et concerne plus précisément un initiateur électro-pyrotechnique destiné à la sécurité automobile.The present invention relates to the field of pyrotechnic initiators and more specifically concerns an electro-pyrotechnic initiator intended for the automotive safety.

Les initiateurs électro-pyrotechniques sont traditionnellement constitués à partir de deux broches conductrices de l'électricité qui sont maintenues par un surmoulage en matière isolante et dont les extrémités supérieures sont reliées entre elles par un filament résistif chauffant qui est enserré dans une perle d'allumage constituée à partir d'un explosif primaire comme le trinitrorésorcinate de plomb ou le styphnate de plomb et dont les extrémités inférieures sont connectées à une source de courant électrique.Electro-pyrotechnic initiators are traditionally made from two pins conductive of electricity which are maintained by a overmolding of insulating material and the ends of which are connected to each other by a filament resistive heater which is enclosed in a pearl igniter made from a primary explosive such as lead trinitroresorcinate or styphnate lead and whose lower ends are connected to a source of electrical current.

De tels initiateurs électro-pyrotechniques sont largement utilisés pour constituer les dispositifs d'allumage des générateurs pyrotechniques de gaz destinés à gonfler des coussins de protection pour occupants d'un véhicule automobile. Afin de protéger ces initiateurs contre les courants électrostatiques parasites et d'éviter les allumages intempestifs non souhaités et éventuellement dangereux, on dispose en général entre les broches un noyau de ferrite comme cela est par exemple décrit dans les brevets U-S-A-4,722,551 et EP-A-0 512 682. Afin d'améliorer encore la fiabilité de l'allumage le filament résistif chauffant est parfois remplacé par un circuit imprimé comportant une partie résistive et chauffante comme cela est, par exemple, décrit dans la demande de brevet FR-A-2 704 944 ou dans son correspondant US-A-5, 544, 585.Such electro-pyrotechnic initiators are widely used to build devices ignition of pyrotechnic gas generators intended to inflate protective cushions for occupants of a motor vehicle. In order to protect these initiators against electrostatic currents parasites and avoid unwanted ignitions not desired and possibly dangerous, we have general between the pins a ferrite core like this is for example described in patents U-S-A-4,722,551 and EP-A-0 512 682. In order to further improve reliability from ignition the resistive heating filament is sometimes replaced by a printed circuit comprising a part resistive and heating as it is, for example, described in patent application FR-A-2 704 944 or in its correspondent US-A-5, 544, 585.

Quoi qu'il en soit, le recours systématique à des broches conductrices augmente de manière sensible le prix de revient et la complexité de fabrication de ces initiateurs électro-pyrotechniques. Par ailleurs l'emploi très fréquent de noyaux en ferrite augmente les dimensions externes du surmoulage entourant les broches et ne favorise pas la réduction du volume global des générateurs pyrotechniques de gaz destinés à la sécurité automobile.In any event, the systematic use of conductive pins significantly increases the cost price and the manufacturing complexity of these electro-pyrotechnic initiators. otherwise the very frequent use of ferrite cores increases the external dimensions of the overmolding surrounding the pins and does not favor the reduction of the overall volume of pyrotechnic gas generators intended for safety automobile.

L'homme de métier est donc toujours à la recherche d'initiateurs électro-pyrotechniques qui, à la fois, soient fiables en fonctionnement, soient faciles et économiques à fabriquer et qui soient de volume réduit.The skilled person is therefore always on the lookout electro-pyrotechnic initiators who, at the same time, are reliable in operation, are easy and economical to manufacture and which are of reduced volume.

L'objet de la présente invention est précisément de proposer un tel initiateur en supprimant les broches et les noyaux de ferrite et en intégrant leurs fonctions dans un circuit imprimé complet, contrairement à tout ce qui a été fait jusqu'à présent.The object of the present invention is precisely to propose such an initiator by removing the pins and ferrite cores and integrating their functions in a complete printed circuit, unlike anything that has been done so far.

L'invention concerne donc un initiateur électro-pyrotechnique connecté à un câble électrique constitué par deux fils conducteurs et comprenant :

  • i) une charge thermosensible pouvant être initiée par un élément résistif chauffant,
  • ii) un circuit électrique reliant le dit élément résistif aux dits fils conducteurs,
  • iii) des moyens de protection électromagnétique du dit circuit électrique,
    • caractérisé en ce que le dit élément résistif chauffant, le dit circuit électrique et les dits moyens de protection électromagnétique sont intégrés dans un circuit de bandes conductrices qui sont soudées aux dits fils conducteurs et qui sont formées sur un support de circuit imprimé autour duquel est constitué le dit initiateur.The invention therefore relates to an electro-pyrotechnic initiator connected to an electric cable constituted by two conductive wires and comprising:
  • i) a thermosensitive charge which can be initiated by a resistive heating element,
  • ii) an electrical circuit connecting said resistive element to said conductive wires,
  • iii) electromagnetic protection means of said electrical circuit,
    • characterized in that said resistive heating element, said electrical circuit and said electromagnetic protection means are integrated in a circuit of conductive strips which are soldered to said conductive wires and which are formed on a printed circuit support around which is constituted says the initiator.

    Le support de circuit imprimé sera normalement constitué à partir de l'une des matières isolantes habituellement employées pour confectionner de tels supports.The PCB holder will normally made from one of the insulating materials usually used to make such supports.

    Selon un premier mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention le dit élément résistif chauffant est lui-même constitué par un bande résistive formée sur le support de circuit imprimé et la charge thermosensible est déposée sur la dite bande résistive.According to a first preferred embodiment of the invention the said resistive heating element is itself consisting of a resistive strip formed on the PCB support and heat-sensitive load is deposited on said resistive strip.

    Les moyens de protection électromagnétique de l'initiateur contre les courants parasites peuvent être constitués par au moins une bobine filtrante déposée sur le dit support de circuit. Préférentiellement dans ce cas la bobine filtrante peut être elle-même imprimée sur le dit support de circuit et constituer avec le dit circuit électrique un circuit imprimé multicouche.The electromagnetic protection means of the initiator against stray currents can be consisting of at least one filter coil deposited on said circuit support. Preferably in this in this case the filter coil can itself be printed on said circuit support and constitute with said electrical circuit a multilayer printed circuit.

    Les dits moyens de protection électromagnétique peuvent encore être constitués par au moins un condensateur déposé sur le dit support de circuit.Said means of electromagnetic protection can still be made up of at least one capacitor deposited on said circuit support.

    Selon une réalisation préférée de l'invention le dit circuit électrique et les dits moyens de protection électromagnétique seront recouverts par une couche de vernis isolant.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the said electrical circuit and the said means of protection electromagnetic will be covered by a layer of insulating varnish.

    Le support de circuit, recouvert ou non par une couche de vernis isolant, sera par ailleurs partiellement enrobé par un surmoulage isolant de manière à ne laisser libre que la partie du support de circuit portant l'élément résistif chauffant recouvert par la charge thermosensible. Dans le cas où la charge thermosensible n'est pas elle-même au moins partiellement maintenue par le dit surmoulage, elle sera avantageusement protégée par un masque fragmentable. Un masque en métal très fin ou un masque en matière plastique, par exemple en matière plastique transparente, conviennent bien.The circuit support, covered or not by a layer of insulating varnish, will also be partially coated with an insulating overmold of so as to leave only the part of the support free circuit carrying the covered resistive heating element by the thermosensitive load. In the event that the charge thermosensitive is not itself at least partially maintained by the said overmolding, it will be advantageously protected by a fragmentable mask. A very fine metal mask or mask made of material plastic, e.g. plastic transparent, well suited.

    Selon un second mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention le dit support de circuit a la forme d'une carte parallélépipédique mince présentant deux faces planes opposées. Ce second mode de réalisation de l'invention permet de confectionner des initiateurs électro-pyrotechniques dans lesquels sur chacune des deux faces planes du support de circuit est imprimé un circuit distinct de bandes conductrices incluant chacun un élément résistif chauffant recouvert par une charge thermosensible et des moyens de protection électromagnétique. Il est ainsi possible de constituer un initiateur qui présente, pour une source électrique unique, deux têtes d'allumage distinctes et qui est particulièrement fiable et sûr.According to a second preferred embodiment of the invention said circuit support has the form of a thin parallelepiped card with two sides opposite planes. This second embodiment of the invention makes it possible to make initiators electro-pyrotechnics in which on each of the two flat faces of the circuit support is printed a separate circuit of conductive strips each including a resistive heating element covered by a load thermosensitive and protective means electromagnetic. It is thus possible to constitute an initiator which presents, for an electrical source single, two separate ignition heads and that is particularly reliable and safe.

    L'invention concerne également un allumeur électro-pyrotechnique caractérisé en ce qu'un initiateur selon l'invention est entouré par un capuchon fragmentable contenant une poudre d'allumage en grains.The invention also relates to an electro-pyrotechnic igniter characterized in that an initiator according to the invention is surrounded by a fragmentable cap containing powdered ignition powder.

    L'invention concerne enfin l'utilisation d'un initiateur électro-pyrotechnique selon l'invention pour provoquer l'allumage d'un générateur pyrotechnique de gaz destiné à gonfler un coussin de protection pour occupant d'un véhicule automobile. L'initiateur pourra être utilisé directement pour allumer le chargement pyrotechnique du générateur lorsque ce dernier est sous forme de grains ou de pastilles, il sera avantageusement utilisé par l'intermédiaire d'un allumeur tel que décrit plus haut lorsque le chargement sera sous forme de bloc compact.The invention finally relates to the use of a electro-pyrotechnic initiator according to the invention for cause the ignition of a pyrotechnic generator gas intended to inflate a protective cushion for occupant of a motor vehicle. The initiator may be used directly to switch on the load generator pyrotechnic when it is under form of grains or pellets, it will advantageously used via an igniter as described higher when the load is in block form compact.

    L'invention permet ainsi, à partir de petits circuits imprimés très simples et très économiques à réaliser, de constituer des initiateurs ou des inflammateurs peu encombrants et très fiables.The invention thus makes it possible, from small very simple and very economical printed circuits carry out, constitute initiators or space-saving and very reliable igniters.

    On décrit ci-après une réalisation préférée de l'invention en se référant aux figures 1 à 8.A preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to Figures 1 to 8.

    La figure 1 est une vue en perspective, avec arrachage partiel, d'un allumeur constitué à partir d'un initiateur selon l'invention représenté pour des raisons de clarté de la figure sans masque de protection.Figure 1 is a perspective view, with partial cutaway, of an igniter formed from an initiator according to the invention shown for reasons of clarity of the figure without protective mask.

    Les figures 2, 3 et 4 illustrent les étapes successives de constitution d'un initiateur selon l'invention à partir de son support de circuit.Figures 2 , 3 and 4 illustrate the successive stages of constitution of an initiator according to the invention from its circuit support.

    La figure 5 illustre un circuit imprimé sur lequel la protection électromagnétique est assuré par des condensateurs.FIG. 5 illustrates a printed circuit on which the electromagnetic protection is provided by capacitors.

    La figure 6 illustre un circuit imprimé sur lequel la protection électromagnétique est assurée par une bobine filtrante traditionnelle.FIG. 6 illustrates a printed circuit on which the electromagnetic protection is provided by a traditional filter coil.

    La figure 7 illustre un circuit imprimé sur lequel la protection électromagnétique est assurée par une bobine imprimée dans un circuit multicouche. FIG. 7 illustrates a printed circuit on which the electromagnetic protection is provided by a coil printed in a multilayer circuit.

    La figure 8 est une vue en coupe d'un initiateur comportant deux têtes d'allumage distinctes dont les charges thermosensibles sont partiellement maintenues par le surmoulage.FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an initiator comprising two separate ignition heads, the heat-sensitive charges of which are partially maintained by overmolding.

    On a représenté à la figure 1 un allumeur 1 constitué à partir d'un initiateur 2 connecté à un câble électrique 3.FIG. 1 shows an igniter 1 consisting of an initiator 2 connected to a cable electric 3.

    En se reportant plus particulièrement aux figures 1 et 4 il peut être observé que l'initiateur 2 est contenu pour l'essentiel dans un surmoulage cylindrique 4 présentant du côté du câble 3 une embase 5 de diamètre légèrement supérieur.With particular reference to Figures 1 and 4 it can be observed that the initiator 2 is contained mainly in a cylindrical overmold 4 having on the cable side 3 a base 5 of diameter slightly higher.

    L'initiateur 2 présente, à son extrémité opposée à l'embase 5, une tête d'allumage qui sera décrite en détails un peu plus loin mais dont on peut observer qu'elle présente une charge thermosensible 6 à base de trinitrorésorcinate de plomb qui est protégée par un masque 7 en matière plastique transparente non représenté sur la figure 1. Un capuchon métallique fragmentable 8 de forme cylindrique enserre le surmoulage 4 en prenant appui sur l'embase 5. Ce capuchon est fermé à son extrémité opposée à l'embase 5 et contient un chargement pyrotechnique 9 générateur de gaz. Un mélange de poudre du type bore/nitrate de potassium et de poudre à simple base à la nitrocellulose convient parfaitement.The initiator 2 has, at its end opposite to the base 5, an ignition head which will be described in details a little further but which can be observed that it has a thermosensitive filler 6 based on lead trinitroresorcinate which is protected by a mask 7 made of transparent plastic not shown in Figure 1. A metal cap fragmentable 8 of cylindrical shape encloses the overmolding 4 by resting on the base 5. This cap is closed at its end opposite the base 5 and contains a pyrotechnic charge 9 generator gas. A mixture of boron / nitrate type powder potassium and nitrocellulose single-base powder fits perfectly.

    La constitution de l'initiateur 2 est maintenant décrite en détails en se référant plus particulièrement aux figures 2 à 5. L'initiateur 2 est constitué à partir d'un support 10 de circuit imprimé qui a la forme d'une carte parallélépipédique mince présentant deux faces planes opposées. Ce support 10 est constitué à partir d'une résine époxy chargée en fibres de verre. Sur l'une de ses faces sont imprimées deux bandes conductrices 11 et 12 qui sont soudées chacune à une de leurs extrémités aux fils conducteurs 13 et 14 constituant le câble électrique 3. Un élément résistif chauffant 15 relie entre elles les extrémités libres des bandes conductrices 11 et 12. Cet élément résistif chauffant 15 peut être un fil résistif mais sera avantageusement constitué par une bande résistive chauffantes définie par un sous-circuit imprimé 16 comme décrit dans le brevet US-A-5, 544 585 ou dans son correspondant FR-A-2 704 944 dont la description est incluse, par référence, à la présente description.The constitution of initiator 2 is now described in detail with particular reference in Figures 2 to 5. The initiator 2 is formed from of a printed circuit support 10 which has the form of a thin parallelepiped card with two sides opposite planes. This support 10 is formed from an epoxy resin loaded with glass fibers. On one two conductive strips 11 are printed on its faces and 12 which are each welded at one of their ends to the conductive wires 13 and 14 constituting the cable electric 3. A resistive heating element 15 connects between them the free ends of the strips conductive 11 and 12. This resistive heating element 15 can be a resistive wire but will be advantageously consisting of a defined resistive heating strip by a printed sub-circuit 16 as described in the patent US-A-5, 544 585 or in its correspondent FR-A-2 704,944, the description of which is included, by reference, to this description.

    L'élément résistif chauffant 15 pourra également être constitué par une diode ou par un pont semiconducteur comme décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet FR-A-2 720 493.The resistive heating element 15 may also be made up of a diode or a semiconductor bridge as described for example in the request for Patent FR-A-2,720,493.

    Deux condensateurs 17 et 18 sont déposés et branchés sur le circuit constitué par les bandes conductrices 11 et 12 ainsi que par l'élément résistif 15. Ces condensateurs constituent les moyens de protection électromagnétique du circuit en empêchant la décharge de courants parasites au travers de l'élément 15.Two capacitors 17 and 18 are removed and connected to the circuit formed by the strips conductive 11 and 12 as well as by the resistive element 15. These capacitors are the means of electromagnetic protection of the circuit by preventing discharge of stray currents through the element 15.

    Ces moyens de protection électromagnétique pourraient également être constitués par une bobine filtrante 61 déposée et branchée sur un circuit imprimé sur un support 60 et constitué par deux bandes conductrices 62 et 63 reliées entre elles par un élément résistif 64 comme représenté à la figure 6. Une variante de réalisation d'une telle protection électromagnétique est représentée à la figure 7. Sur un support 70 est imprimé un circuit constitué par deux bandes conductrices 72 et 73 reliées entre elles par un élément résistif 74. La bande conductrice 72 forme autour du support 70 une bobine 71 en constituant avec la bande 73 un circuit multicouche.These electromagnetic protection means could also consist of a coil filter 61 deposited and connected to a printed circuit on a support 60 and constituted by two strips conductive 62 and 63 interconnected by an element resistive 64 as shown in Figure 6. A variant for making such electromagnetic protection is shown in Figure 7. On a support 70 is printed a circuit consisting of two strips conductive 72 and 73 interconnected by an element resistive 74. The conductive strip 72 forms around the support 70 a coil 71 constituting with the strip 73 a multilayer circuit.

    En se reportant à nouveau à la figure 2 on observe que la partie de la face du support 10 sur laquelle sont imprimées les bandes 11 et 12 et sur laquelle reposent les condensateur 17 et 18 est recouverte par une couche de vernis isolant 19. Cette couche 19 ne recouvre pas l'extrémité du support 10 qui porte l'élément résistif 15 et qui va constituer la tête d'allumage de l'initiateur. Etant ainsi préparé, le support 10 est partiellement entouré par un surmoulage cylindrique 4 en résine adhésive à base de polyamide thermofusible.Referring again to Figure 2 we observe that the part of the face of the support 10 on which are printed strips 11 and 12 and on which rest capacitor 17 and 18 is covered by a layer of insulating varnish 19. This layer 19 does not cover the end of the support 10 which carries the resistive element 15 and which will constitute the ignition head of initiator. Being thus prepared, the support 10 is partially surrounded by a cylindrical overmolding 4 in adhesive resin based on hot-melt polyamide.

    Ce surmoulage 4 laisse libre la surface du support 10 qui porte l'élément résistif 15, comme représenté à la figure 3. Cet élément résistif 15, ainsi que le sous-circuit 16 qui sert à le constituer sont recouverts par une charge thermosensible 6 par exemple à base de trinitrorésorcinate de plomb. La charge 6 est protégée par un masque 7 en matière plastique transparente. L'initiateur 2 est ainsi achevé et peut servir à constituer l'allumeur 1 décrit plus haut.This overmolding 4 leaves the surface of the support free 10 which carries the resistive element 15, as shown in Figure 3. This resistive element 15, as well as the sub-circuit 16 used to constitute it are covered by a thermosensitive filler 6 for example based on lead trinitroresorcinate. Load 6 is protected by a mask 7 made of transparent plastic. Initiator 2 is thus completed and can be used to constitute the igniter 1 described above.

    On a représenté à la figure 8, un initiateur 82 qui constitue une variante de réalisation de l'initiateur 2 qui vient d'être décrit. L'initiateur 82 est construit autour d'un support de circuit 80 en forme de carte parallélépipédique mince. La différence essentielle entre cet initiateur 82 et l'initiateur 2 décrit plus haut réside dans le fait que chacune des deux faces du support 80 porte un circuit imprimé complet 87 ou 89 connecté au même câble 83 d'amenée du courant électrique. Le support 80 est partiellement enrobé par un surmoulage cylindrique 84 qui présente une embase élargie 85 et qui maintient partiellement les charges thermosensibles 86 et 88 constituant les têtes d'allumage. Dans cette réalisation l'initiateur ne nécessite pas de masque de protection. En cas d'arrivée de courant par le câble 83 les deux charges thermosensibles sont simultanément mises à feu et l'initiateur 82 présente ainsi une très grande efficacité en fonctionnement normal et une très grande sécurité tant vis à vis des courants parasites grâce à ses protections électromagnétiques 91,93 ou 92,94 intégrées que vis-à-vis d'éventuels ratés d'allumage grâce au doublement des têtes.FIG. 8 shows an initiator 82 which constitutes an alternative embodiment of the initiator 2 which has just been described. Initiator 82 is built around a card-shaped circuit support 80 thin parallelepiped. The essential difference between this initiator 82 and the initiator 2 described more high resides in the fact that each of the two faces of the support 80 carries a complete printed circuit 87 or 89 connected to the same 83 power supply cable electric. The support 80 is partially coated with a cylindrical overmolding 84 which has a base widened 85 and which partially maintains the loads thermosensitive 86 and 88 constituting the heads ignition. In this realization, the initiator does not no protective mask required. In case of arrival current through cable 83 both loads thermosensitive are simultaneously ignited and initiator 82 thus presents a very large efficiency in normal operation and very high safety both with regard to stray currents thanks to its electromagnetic protections 91.93 or 92.94 integrated only vis-à-vis possible misfires thanks to the doubling of the heads.

    Claims (13)

    Initiateur électro-pyrotechnique (2) connecté à un câble électrique (3) constitué par deux fils conducteurs (13,14) et comprenant : i) une charge thermosensible (6) pouvant être initiée par un élément résistif chauffant (15), ii) un circuit électrique reliant le dit élément résistif (15) aux dits fils conducteurs (13,14), iii) des moyens de protection électromagnétique du dit circuit électrique, caractérisé en ce que le dit élément résistif chauffant (15,64,74), le dit circuit électrique et les dits moyens de protection électromagnétique sont intégrés dans un circuit de bandes conductrices (11,12) qui sont soudées aux dits fils conducteurs (13,14) et qui sont formées sur un support de circuit imprimé (10,60,70,80) autour duquel est constitué le dit initiateur.Electro-pyrotechnic initiator (2) connected to an electric cable (3) constituted by two conductive wires (13,14) and comprising: i) a heat-sensitive load (6) which can be initiated by a resistive heating element (15), ii) an electrical circuit connecting said resistive element (15) to said conductive wires (13,14), iii) electromagnetic protection means of said electrical circuit, characterized in that said resistive heating element (15,64,74), said electrical circuit and said electromagnetic protection means are integrated in a circuit of conductive strips (11,12) which are soldered to said conductive wires (13 , 14) and which are formed on a printed circuit support (10,60,70,80) around which the said initiator is formed. Initiateur selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le dit élément résistif chauffant est constitué par une bande résistive (16).Initiator according to claim 1 characterized in that that said resistive heating element is constituted by a resistive strip (16). Initiateur selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que la dite charge thermosensible (6) est déposée sur la dite bande résistive (16).Initiator according to claim 2 characterized in that that said heat-sensitive filler (6) is deposited on the said resistive strip (16). Initiateur selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que les dits moyens de protection électromagnétique sont constitués par au moins une bobine filtrante (61) déposée sur le dit support de circuit (60).Initiator according to claim 3 characterized in that that the said means of electromagnetic protection are consisting of at least one filter coil (61) deposited on said circuit support (60). Initiateur selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que les dits moyens de protection électromagnétique sont constitués par au moins une bobine filtrante (71) imprimée sur le dit support de circuit (70).Initiator according to claim 3 characterized in that that the said means of electromagnetic protection are consisting of at least one filter coil (71) printed on said circuit support (70). Initiateur selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que les dits moyens de protection électromagnétique sont constitués par au moins un condensateur (17,18) déposé sur le dit support de circuit (10).Initiator according to claim 3 characterized in that that the said means of electromagnetic protection are consisting of at least one capacitor (17,18) deposited on said circuit support (10). Initiateur selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que le dit circuit électrique et les dits moyens de protection électromagnétique sont recouverts par une couche de vernis isolant (19).Initiator according to claim 3 characterized in that that the said electrical circuit and the said means of electromagnetic protection are covered by a layer of insulating varnish (19). Initiateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 7 caractérisé en ce que le dit support de circuit (10) est partiellement enrobé par un surmoulage isolant (4).Initiator according to any one of the claims 3 or 7 characterized in that the said circuit support (10) is partially coated with an insulating overmold (4). Initiateur selon la revendication 8 caractérisé en ce que la dite charge thermosensible (6) est protégée par un masque fragmentable (7).Initiator according to claim 8 characterized in that that said thermosensitive filler (6) is protected by a fragmentable mask (7). Initiateur selon la revendication 8 caractérisé en ce que le dit support de circuit (10) a la forme d'une carte parallélépipédique mince présentant deux faces opposées.Initiator according to claim 8 characterized in what the said circuit support (10) has the form of a thin parallelepiped card with two sides opposite. Initiateur selon la revendication 10 caractérisé en ce que sur chacune des deux faces plane du support de circuit (80) est imprimé un circuit distinct (87,89) de bandes conductrices incluant chacun un élément résistif chauffant recouvert par une charge thermosensible (86,88) et des moyens de protection électromagnétique (91,93 ; 92,94).Initiator according to claim 10 characterized in what on each of the two flat faces of the support circuit (80) is printed a separate circuit (87,89) of conductive strips each including a resistive element heater covered by a thermosensitive load (86.88) and electromagnetic protection means (91.93; 92.94). Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique caractérisé en ce qu'un initiateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 est entouré par un capuchon fragmentable (8) contenant une poudre d'allumage (9).Electro-pyrotechnic igniter (1) characterized in that an initiator according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is surrounded by a cap fragmentable (8) containing an ignition powder (9). Utilisation d'un initiateur électro-pyrotechnique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 pour provoquer l'allumage d'un générateur pyrotechnique de gaz destiné à gonfler un coussin de protection pour occupant d'un véhicule automobile.Use of an electro-pyrotechnic initiator according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for cause the ignition of a pyrotechnic generator gas intended to inflate a protective cushion for occupant of a motor vehicle.
    EP98400495A 1997-03-07 1998-03-03 Electro-pyrotechnic initiator constructed around a printed circuit Expired - Lifetime EP0863379B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9702715A FR2760525B1 (en) 1997-03-07 1997-03-07 ELECTRO-PYROTECHNIC INITIATOR BUILT AROUND A FULL PRINTED CIRCUIT
    FR9702715 1997-03-07

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    EP0863379A1 true EP0863379A1 (en) 1998-09-09
    EP0863379B1 EP0863379B1 (en) 2001-12-19

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    EP98400495A Expired - Lifetime EP0863379B1 (en) 1997-03-07 1998-03-03 Electro-pyrotechnic initiator constructed around a printed circuit

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    EP (1) EP0863379B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP2914952B2 (en)
    KR (1) KR100295356B1 (en)
    DE (1) DE69802979T2 (en)
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    FR (1) FR2760525B1 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    US6389972B2 (en) 2002-05-21
    FR2760525B1 (en) 1999-04-16
    DE69802979D1 (en) 2002-01-31
    EP0863379B1 (en) 2001-12-19
    US20020078848A1 (en) 2002-06-27
    DE69802979T2 (en) 2002-06-27
    US6539875B2 (en) 2003-04-01
    JP2914952B2 (en) 1999-07-05
    US20010022146A1 (en) 2001-09-20
    ES2169486T3 (en) 2002-07-01
    KR100295356B1 (en) 2001-09-17
    JPH10253299A (en) 1998-09-25
    FR2760525A1 (en) 1998-09-11
    KR19980079959A (en) 1998-11-25

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