EP0861371B1 - Fuel injection valve with integrated spark plug - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve with integrated spark plug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0861371B1
EP0861371B1 EP97938753A EP97938753A EP0861371B1 EP 0861371 B1 EP0861371 B1 EP 0861371B1 EP 97938753 A EP97938753 A EP 97938753A EP 97938753 A EP97938753 A EP 97938753A EP 0861371 B1 EP0861371 B1 EP 0861371B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
fuel injection
valve needle
needle
armature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97938753A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0861371A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Benedikt
Franz Rieger
Rainer Norgauer
Christian Preussner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0861371A1 publication Critical patent/EP0861371A1/en
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Publication of EP0861371B1 publication Critical patent/EP0861371B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/06—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sparking plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
    • F02M2200/507—Adjusting spring tension by screwing spring seats

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector with an integrated spark plug according to the genus of the main claim. It is already known from EP-OS 0 661 446 Fuel injector with integrated spark plug for direct injection of Fuel in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and for igniting the in the Combustion chamber injected fuel known.
  • the fuel injector includes one Valve body, which at its spray end is one of a valve seat Has surrounding valve opening by a valve closing body when not excited Magnetic coil is closed, the one extending in the interior of the valve body Valve needle is arranged.
  • the valve needle is by means of the one acting on an armature Solenoid for opening the fuel injector can be actuated electromagnetically.
  • the valve seat and the valve closing body are on the inside of the inlet Valve opening arranged and the valve body is on the spray side to a central Ignition electrode formed, which is surrounded by a cup-shaped counter electrode.
  • the high voltage is supplied to the central ignition electrode via the Valve body, the valve needle and a via a return spring with the valve needle connected axial extension from the end opposite the spray opening the fuel injector.
  • the anchor encloses the inlet end of the Valve needle ring-shaped and is insulated from the valve needle via an insulating body.
  • the fuel is supplied via an external ring channel that leads into the ends on the inlet side of the valve body.
  • Another fuel injector with integrated spark plug is from EP-OS 0 632 198 known.
  • This fuel injector is neither between the valve needle and the anchor connected to the valve needle still between the anchor and the Anchor opposite magnet core excitable by means of a magnetic coil electrical insulation provided. Rather, there is a between the valve body and the Housing arranged insulation body extended on the inlet side so that it Radially encloses the magnetic core towards the magnetic coil and thus one High voltage flashover to the solenoid coil prevented.
  • This construction enables but not the formation of a closed, magnetic flux circuit ferromagnetic material. Therefore, to operate the fuel injector relatively large magnet coil currents required to pass through the magnet coil Magnetizing the magnetic core sufficiently.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with an integrated spark plug with the Characteristic features of the main claim has the advantage that the Isolation element arranged between the armature and the valve needle when actuated of the fuel injector is only subjected to pressure. Since that Fuel injection valve is designed as an externally opening valve, the valve needle for Open the fuel injector with one push, but not with one pull act so that that arranged between the armature and the valve needle Insulation element is subjected to pressure and not tensile stress.
  • the insulation element can therefore be relatively simple, in particular cylindrical or cuboid, so that in the manufacture of what is preferably made of a ceramic material Isolation element no complex processing is necessary.
  • a form-fitting Connection of the insulation element with the valve needle, as in a Tensile stress on the insulation element and the valve needle would not be necessary necessary.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of Claim 1 also has the advantage that the valve needle after energizing the Solenoid coil immediately due to the engagement of the armature with the valve needle responds. In this way, an advantageous for precise fuel metering can be quick opening and very precise control of the injection timing. Furthermore, there is the further advantage that when the fuel injector closes only the relatively low inertial mass of the valve needle strikes the valve seat, since that is the Valve needle with the anchor connecting piece when closing the Fuel injector briefly lifts off the valve needle and not from it Valve seat, but is brought to a standstill by the system spring. This will make the Wear on the valve seat and valve closing body is reduced.
  • the valve body is preferably by a radially surrounding, one-piece insulation body insulated from the housing.
  • the inlet end of the Valve body can be used for the elements of magnetic actuation, in particular for Magnet coil, through a portion of the valve body projecting on this side Insulation body to be isolated.
  • the valve body can protrude Section of the insulating body, an axial bore may be provided, which Isolating element encloses, so that by combining the insulating body with the Isolalionselement a complete insulation of the inlet and outside Valve body results.
  • the system spring can be preloaded using an adjustable spring adjustment sleeve be adjustable.
  • the advantage here is that that exerted by the closing spring Closing force and the contact force exerted by the contact spring in the opening direction can be adjusted to each other that the excitation of the solenoid at Opening the fuel injector necessary coil current is minimized and at the same time a reliable closing of the fuel injector is ensured.
  • the fuel injector shown in Fig. 1 with an integrated spark plug for direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of a mixture-compressed, spark-ignited internal combustion engine and for igniting the in the combustion chamber injected fuel has a housing 1 made of an electrically conductive material, especially of metal. Inside the housing 1 is also an electrical conductive material, in particular metal, tubular valve body 2 arranged to the housing 1 by a high voltage insulating Insulation body 3 is insulated.
  • the insulation body 3 is preferably made of one ceramic material and holds the necessary to ignite the fuel Ignition voltage stood.
  • the valve body 2 has one in the exemplary embodiment bent first ignition electrode 5, which one at the spray end 6 of the Housing 1 arranged second ignition electrode 7 is opposite and with this Generation of a fuel igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber Spark discharge interacts.
  • the ignition electrodes 5 and 7 are over a high-voltage cable 8 and an ignition controller, not shown, with a also not shown high voltage source connected.
  • One as an extension of the High-voltage cable 8 executed high-voltage feed 9 is through a Connection bore 10 passed in the insulation body 3 and is with the Valve body 2 in contact.
  • the contact between the high voltage supply 9 and the Valve body 2 can in a known manner by squeezing, soldering or the like respectively.
  • a ground conductor of the high-voltage cable 8 is in a corresponding manner on the Housing 1 electrically contacted so that the led by the high voltage cable 8 Ignition voltage is present between the ignition electrodes 5 and 7 and there in known Discharges in the form of a spark discharge.
  • the fuel injector is designed as an externally opening fuel injector.
  • a valve needle extends in an axial longitudinal bore 11 of the valve body 2 12 by a formed on the spray-side end 4 of the valve body 2 Valve opening 13 through.
  • the valve needle 12 expands on the spray side Valve opening 13 to a valve closing body 14, which with a valve opening 13 Valve seat 15 surrounding the spraying side interacts to form a sealing seat.
  • a closing spring 16 is provided to the valve needle 12 against the spray opening marked x Bias the fuel injector and thus the fuel injector close.
  • the closing spring 16 is in the Embodiment arranged in the longitudinal bore 11 of the valve body 2 and extends the valve needle 12 enclosing itself parallel to its longitudinal extent.
  • the closing spring 16 is between the spray-side end 17 of the longitudinal bore 11 of the valve body 2 and a valve needle sleeve connected to the inlet end 18 of the valve needle 12 19 clamped.
  • valve needle 12 When assembling the valve body 2 with the valve needle 12, the return spring 16 and the valve needle sleeve 19, the valve needle 12 of passed the spray side through the valve opening 13 and then the Return spring 16 pushed onto the valve needle 12 before the valve needle sleeve 19 the valve needle 12 placed and with this by welding, soldering or the like is connected.
  • the return spring 16 When placing the valve needle sleeve 19 on the valve needle 12, the return spring 16 is biased so that the arranged on the valve needle 12 Valve closing body 14 bears against valve seat 15 with a sufficient closing force, so that the fuel injector is securely closed.
  • the insulation body 3 has a circumferential, collar-shaped collar 20, the one End plate 21 of the housing 1 engages around the insulating body 3 in the axial direction to lock.
  • the insulation body 3 projects beyond the inlet end 22 of the valve body 2 around a guide section 23 which has a preferably cylindrical bore 24 in which a preferably cylindrical insulation element 25 is preferred Can be used coaxially to the valve needle 12 so that the insulating element 25 in the axial Direction is movable and is guided by the guide portion 23.
  • the diameter of the insulation element 25 can be slightly smaller be dimensioned as the diameter of the bore 24 in the guide section 23 of the Insulation body 3, so that between the inner surface of the bore 24 and the outer surface of the insulation element 25, an annular gap remains, which is the flow of the fuel allows.
  • the insulation element can have axial grooves 26 or Have holes that the fuel past or through the insulation element 25 pass the insulation element 25 through.
  • Valve body 2 carrying high voltage apart from its spray-side end face 27 insulated on all sides. A flashover of the high voltage on the housing 1 or others This makes electrically conductive components of the fuel injector safe prevented.
  • Magnetic coil 28 which also has a connecting line, not shown Injection control unit, not shown, is connected.
  • the winding of the solenoid 28 is located on a winding support 29 and is from an outside, first magnetic guide element 30 and one in contact with the first magnetic guide element 30 subsequent, second magnetic guide element 31 partially surrounded.
  • the anchor 32 is relative to the Longitudinal axis 33 of the fuel injector is movable and is energized Magnetic coil 28 is drawn in the direction of the second magnetic guide element 31.
  • this has in Embodiment at least one axial bore 34.
  • the anchor 32 could, however alternatively also have circumferentially arranged grooves or it could be between the Armature 32 and the first magnetic guide element 30 and the armature 32 a corresponding annular gap may be formed for the winding support 29.
  • the anchor 32 is connected to the insulation element 25 in the exemplary embodiment via a pin 35 which engages in a blind bore 36 formed on the insulation element 25.
  • the armature 32 is moved in the opening direction of the Fuel injection valve acting system spring 37 via a from the pin 35 and the Insulation element 25 existing adapter with the valve needle 12 in contact Kept engaged.
  • the bearing on the inlet-side end face 54 of the armature 32 Contact spring 37 is supported on and is in an inlet-side connection block 38 guided in a stepped bore 39, which on the inlet side leads to a fuel inlet connection 40 tapered.
  • the connection block 38 is connected to the first magnetic guide element 30 e.g. connected by screwing.
  • the one on the valve needle 12 is arranged Valve closing body 14 by means of the closing spring 16 on the spray side on the valve seat 15 pressed so that the fuel injector is closed.
  • the second magnetic guide element 31 and the armature 32 formed magnetic flux circuit magnetic flux that directs the armature 32 toward the second magnetic guide 31 presses. In this way, the valve needle 12 over the pin 35 and that Insulation element 25 in the opening direction, i.e. in spray direction x, with a applied mechanical pressure that the valve closing body 14 from the valve seat 15th takes off and thus opens the fuel injector.
  • the insulation element 25 can therefore be extremely simple, e.g. be cylindrical, which is the manufacture of the preferably from a ceramic and therefore relatively brittle material to be made insulation element 25 much simplified.
  • the contact spring 37 presses the armature 32 and that of the pin 35 and the Insulation element 25 existing intermediate piece then in the direction of the valve needle 12 back until the insulation element 25 rests against the valve needle 12. Because of that Valve seat 15 strikes only the relatively small mass of valve needle 12, the Wear of the valve seat 15 kept low.
  • the low stress of the Valve seat 15 and the valve closing body 14 is in the directly in the combustion chamber Internal combustion engine fuel injector is particularly important because of the Valve seat 15 and the valve closing body 14 by the arrangement in or near the Combustion chamber is thermally highly loaded.
  • the contact spring 37 can be dimensioned relatively weak compared to the closing spring 16 because you only the task of braking the armature 32, the pin 35 and the Isolation element 25 when closing the fuel injector and switching a system pressure to the armature 32 via the pin 35 and the Isolation element 25 existing intermediate piece with the valve needle 12 in adjacent It is important to keep intervention.
  • the insulation member 25 when the fuel injector is actuated only under pressure, but not under tension, the tensile strength of the insulation element 25, which is preferably made of a ceramic material to make special demands.
  • Those used for electromagnetic actuation of the fuel injector Components are from the insulation body 3 and the insulation element 25 High voltage leading valve body 2 completely isolated, so that a rollover High voltage on these components effectively prevents what the Operational reliability of the further developed fuel injector according to the invention significantly improved.
  • Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the valve needle 12 and the valve closing body 14 in the region of that provided on the spray-side end 4 of the valve body 3 Valve opening 13 in an enlarged view.
  • valve needle 12 extends through the valve opening 13 and points at it injection-side end of the valve closing body 14.
  • the valve closing body 14 comprises a frusto-conical portion 41, that of a frusto-conical valve seat 42 is opposite to the valve seat 15. Between the frusto-conical section 41 of the valve closing body 14 and the frustoconical valve seat surface 42 of the Valve seat 15 therefore creates an annular gap 43 when the fuel injector is opened, which defines the spray cone angle of the fuel jet.
  • valve needle 12 Upstream of the Valve closing body 14, valve needle 12 has a cylindrical metering section 44 on, which is guided in a cylindrical portion 45 of the valve opening 13. Between the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 45 of the valve opening 13 and the outer surface of the metering section 44 of the valve needle 12 there is a narrow cylindrical annular gap 46, which serves as a fuel metering gap when the fuel injector is open.
  • the throttling set for the fuel metering on cylindrical annular gap 46 is practically independent of the stroke and that of the spray opening serving annular gap 43 relatively large without influencing the fuel metering can be dimensioned so that the risk of not closing Fuel injector as a result of between the valve closing body 14 and the Valve seat 15 stuck dirt particles can be significantly reduced.
  • valve needle points in the flow direction above the cylindrical metering section 44 a tapered section 47.
  • frustoconical section 48 tapers the valve opening 13 in the direction of flow from a section 49 with an enlarged diameter to the cylindrical section 45 already described.
  • valve needle 12 the Valve opening 13
  • valve closing body 14 the valve closing body 14
  • valve seat 15 the valve seat 15 on the spray side.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further development of the invention based on FIGS. 1 and 2 described fuel injector with integrated spark plug.
  • the already Components described are provided with the same reference numerals, so that a description in this regard is unnecessary.
  • connection block 38 is compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 expanded on the inlet side to the fuel inlet port 40.
  • a longitudinal bore 50 is provided, into which the contact spring 37 is inserted.
  • an adjustable spring adjusting sleeve 51 is provided, the axial position of which Longitudinal bore 50 e.g. is adjustable by means of a thread.
  • Spring adjusting sleeve 51 accessible from the fuel inlet port 40.
  • the Spring adjusting sleeve 51 has an axial longitudinal bore 52, which in the exemplary embodiment A throttle 53 opens into the longitudinal bore 50 of the connection block 38.
  • the bias of the contact spring 37 can be adjusted in this way via the spring adjusting sleeve 51 be that after each opening of the fuel injector, the armature 32 on the off the pin 35 and the insulation element 25 existing intermediate piece quickly with the inlet end 18 of the valve needle 12 can be brought into engagement and on the other hand the fuel injector due to the resulting force difference from the spring force acting in the closing direction of the closing spring 16 and in Opening force acting spring force of the contact spring 37 without excitation of the Solenoid 28 remains securely closed.
  • the one exerted by the contact spring 37 Spring force is therefore less than the spring force exerted by the closing spring 16.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündkerze nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Es ist bereits aus der EP-OS 0 661 446 ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündkerze zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine und zum Zünden des in den Brennraum eingespritzten Brennstoffs bekannt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil umfaßt einen Ventilkörper, welcher an seinem abspritzseitigen Ende eine von einem Ventilsitz umgebene Ventilöffnung aufweist, die von einem Ventilschließkörper bei nicht erregter Magnetspule verschlossen ist, der an einer sich im Inneren des Ventilkörpers erstreckenden Ventilnadel angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel ist mittels der auf einen Anker einwirkenden Magnetspule zum Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils elektromagnetisch betätigbar. Der Ventilsitz und der Ventilschließkörper sind dabei an der zulaufseitigen Innenseite der Ventilöffnung angeordnet und der Ventilkörper ist abspritzseitig zu einer zentralen Zündelektrode ausgeformt, die von einer topfförmigen Gegenelektrode umgeben ist. Die Zuführung der Hochspannung zu der zentralen Zündelektrode erfolgt über den Ventilkörper, die Ventilnadel und eine über eine Rückstellfeder mit der Ventilnadel verbundene axiale Verlängerung von dem der Abspritzöffnung gegenüberliegenden Ende des Brennstoffeinspritzventils aus. Der Anker umschließt das zulaufseitige Ende der Ventilnadel ringförmig und ist über einen Isolationskörper zu der Ventilnadel hin isoliert. Die Zuleitung des Brennstoffs erfolgt über einen außenseitigen Ringkanal, der in das zulaufseitige Ende des Ventilkörpers einmündet.The invention relates to a fuel injector with an integrated spark plug according to the genus of the main claim. It is already known from EP-OS 0 661 446 Fuel injector with integrated spark plug for direct injection of Fuel in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and for igniting the in the Combustion chamber injected fuel known. The fuel injector includes one Valve body, which at its spray end is one of a valve seat Has surrounding valve opening by a valve closing body when not excited Magnetic coil is closed, the one extending in the interior of the valve body Valve needle is arranged. The valve needle is by means of the one acting on an armature Solenoid for opening the fuel injector can be actuated electromagnetically. The The valve seat and the valve closing body are on the inside of the inlet Valve opening arranged and the valve body is on the spray side to a central Ignition electrode formed, which is surrounded by a cup-shaped counter electrode. The The high voltage is supplied to the central ignition electrode via the Valve body, the valve needle and a via a return spring with the valve needle connected axial extension from the end opposite the spray opening the fuel injector. The anchor encloses the inlet end of the Valve needle ring-shaped and is insulated from the valve needle via an insulating body. The fuel is supplied via an external ring channel that leads into the ends on the inlet side of the valve body.

Bei diesem bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündkerze ist nachteilig, daß der zwischen dem Anker und dem Ventilkörper angeordnete Isolationskörper beim Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils auf Zug belastet wird und daher eine entsprechende formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Anker und dem Isolationskörper einerseits und dem Isolationskörper und der Ventilnadel andererseits vorgesehen sein muß. Zudem ist der Isolationskörper relativ aufwendig geformt, um die Ventilnadel und die Rückstellfeder außerhalb des Ventilkörpers allseitig isolierend zu umschließen. Da zur Hochspannungsisolierung in der Regel keramische Werkstoffe eingesetzt werden, die relativ spröde und daher schwer zu bearbeiten sind, erfordert die relativ komplexe Ausformung des zwischen dem Anker und der Ventilnadel vorgesehenen Isolationskörpers und der zur Hochspannungsisolierung notwendigen weiteren Isolationskörper einen relativ großen Fertigungsaufwand. Andererseits neigen keramische Werkstoffe bei einer dauerhaften Zugbelastung zu einer verfrühten Materialermüdung.In this known fuel injection valve with an integrated spark plug, it is disadvantageous that the arranged between the armature and the valve body insulation body at Opening the fuel injector is loaded on train and therefore a corresponding positive connection between the anchor and the insulation body on the one hand and the insulation body and the valve needle must be provided on the other hand. In addition, the Isolation body shaped relatively complex to the valve needle and the return spring to be insulated on all sides outside the valve body. There for High voltage insulation ceramic materials are usually used relatively brittle and therefore difficult to machine requires the relatively complex Forming the insulation body provided between the armature and the valve needle and the additional insulation body required for high-voltage insulation is a relative one great manufacturing effort. On the other hand, ceramic materials tend to permanent tensile stress leading to premature material fatigue.

Ein weiteres Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündkerze ist aus der EP-OS 0 632 198 bekannt. Bei diesem Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist weder zwischen der Ventilnadel und dem mit der Ventilnadel verbundenen Anker noch zwischen dem Anker und einem dem Anker gegenüberliegenden, mittels einer Magnetspule erregbaren Magnetkern eine elektrische Isolation vorgesehen. Vielmehr ist ein zwischen dem Ventilkörper und dem Gehäuse angeordneter Isolationskörper zulaufseitig so weit verlängert, daß er den Magnetkern zur Magnetspule hin radial umschließt und somit einen Hochspannungsüberschlag zur Magnetspule hin verhindert. Diese Konstruktion ermöglicht jedoch nicht die Ausbildung eines geschlossenen, magnetischen Flußkreises aus ferromagnetischem Material. Daher sind zur Betätigung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils relativ große Magnetspulen-Ströme erforderlich, um den die Magnetspule durchdringenden Magnetkern ausreichend zu magnetisieren. Another fuel injector with integrated spark plug is from EP-OS 0 632 198 known. This fuel injector is neither between the valve needle and the anchor connected to the valve needle still between the anchor and the Anchor opposite magnet core excitable by means of a magnetic coil electrical insulation provided. Rather, there is a between the valve body and the Housing arranged insulation body extended on the inlet side so that it Radially encloses the magnetic core towards the magnetic coil and thus one High voltage flashover to the solenoid coil prevented. This construction enables but not the formation of a closed, magnetic flux circuit ferromagnetic material. Therefore, to operate the fuel injector relatively large magnet coil currents required to pass through the magnet coil Magnetizing the magnetic core sufficiently.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit einer integrierten Zündkerze mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß das zwischen dem Anker und der Ventilnadel angeordnete Isolationselement bei der Betätigung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils lediglich auf Druck beansprucht wird. Da das Brennstoffeinspritzventil als außenöffnendes Ventil ausgebildet ist, ist die Ventilnadel zum Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils mit einem Druck, nicht jedoch mit einem Zug zu beaufschlagen, so daß das zwischen dem Anker und der Ventilnadel angeordnete Isolationselement druck- und nicht zugbelastet wird. Das Isolationselement kann daher relativ einfach, insbesondere zylinderförmig oder quaderförmig, ausgebildet sein, so daß bei der Herstellung des vorzugsweise aus einem keramischen Werkstoff gefertigten Isolationselements keine aufwendige Bearbeitung notwendig ist. Eine formschlüssige Verbindung des Isolationselements mit der Ventilnadel, wie sie bei einer Zugbeanspruchung des Isolationselements und der Ventilnadel erforderlich wäre, ist nicht notwendig. Zur Vermittlung der von dem Anker über das Isolationselement auf die Ventilnadel zum Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils ausgeübten Druckbeanspruchung ist es ausreichend, daß das Isolationselement an der Ventilnadel kraftschlüssig anliegt. Dies wird durch eine Anlagefeder erreicht, die den Anker über ein das Isolationselement enthaltendes Zwischenstück mit der Ventilnadel in anliegendem Eingriff hält.The fuel injector according to the invention with an integrated spark plug with the Characteristic features of the main claim has the advantage that the Isolation element arranged between the armature and the valve needle when actuated of the fuel injector is only subjected to pressure. Since that Fuel injection valve is designed as an externally opening valve, the valve needle for Open the fuel injector with one push, but not with one pull act so that that arranged between the armature and the valve needle Insulation element is subjected to pressure and not tensile stress. The insulation element can therefore be relatively simple, in particular cylindrical or cuboid, so that in the manufacture of what is preferably made of a ceramic material Isolation element no complex processing is necessary. A form-fitting Connection of the insulation element with the valve needle, as in a Tensile stress on the insulation element and the valve needle would not be necessary necessary. To convey the from the anchor to the insulation element on the Valve needle for opening the fuel injector is exerted pressure it is sufficient that the insulation element rests on the valve needle in a force-fitting manner. This is achieved by a system spring that connects the armature to the insulation element contains intermediate piece with the valve needle in tight engagement.

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat zudem den Vorteil, daß die Ventilnadel nach dem Bestromen der Magnetspule aufgrund des anliegenden Eingriffs des Ankers mit der Ventilnadel sofort anspricht. Hierdurch läßt sich ein für eine präzise Brennstoffzumessung vorteilhaftes, schnelles Öffnen sowie eine sehr genaue Steuerung des Einspritzzeitpunktes erreichen. Ferner ergibt sich der weitere Vorteil, daß beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils nur die relativ geringe träge Masse der Ventilnadel an dem Ventilsitz anschlägt, da das die Ventilnadel mit dem Anker verbindende Zwischenstück beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils kurzzeitig von der Ventilnadel abhebt und nicht von dem Ventilsitz, sondern von der Anlagefeder zum Stillstand gebracht wird. Dadurch wird der Verschleiß des Ventilsitzes und des Ventilschließkörpers verringert. The fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of Claim 1 also has the advantage that the valve needle after energizing the Solenoid coil immediately due to the engagement of the armature with the valve needle responds. In this way, an advantageous for precise fuel metering can be quick opening and very precise control of the injection timing. Furthermore, there is the further advantage that when the fuel injector closes only the relatively low inertial mass of the valve needle strikes the valve seat, since that is the Valve needle with the anchor connecting piece when closing the Fuel injector briefly lifts off the valve needle and not from it Valve seat, but is brought to a standstill by the system spring. This will make the Wear on the valve seat and valve closing body is reduced.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims are advantageous Developments and improvements to that specified in the main claim Fuel injector possible.

Der Ventilkörper ist vorzugsweise durch einen den Ventilkörper radial umgebenden, einstückigen Isolationskörper zum Gehäuse hin isoliert. Das zulaufseitige Ende des Ventilkörpers kann zu den Elementen der magnetischen Betätigung, insbesondere zur Magnetspule, hin durch einen den Ventilkörper an dieser Seite überragenden Abschnitt des Isolationskörpers isoliert sein. Dabei kann in dem den Ventilkörper überragenden Abschnitt des Isolationskörpers eine axiale Bohrung vorgesehen sein, die das Isolationselement umschließt, so daß sich durch die Kombination des Isolationskörpers mit dem Isolalionselement eine zulaufseitig und außenseitig vollständige Isolation des Ventilkörpers ergibt. Bei seitlicher Zuführung der Hochspannung für die Zündelektrode des so isolierten Ventilkörpers ergibt sich insgesamt der Vorteil einer vollständigen axialen Trennung und Isolation der die Hochspannung führenden Elemente von den Elementen der magnetischen Betätigung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils.The valve body is preferably by a radially surrounding, one-piece insulation body insulated from the housing. The inlet end of the Valve body can be used for the elements of magnetic actuation, in particular for Magnet coil, through a portion of the valve body projecting on this side Insulation body to be isolated. In this case, the valve body can protrude Section of the insulating body, an axial bore may be provided, which Isolating element encloses, so that by combining the insulating body with the Isolalionselement a complete insulation of the inlet and outside Valve body results. When the high voltage for the ignition electrode is supplied from the side The valve body thus insulated has the overall advantage of a complete axial Separation and isolation of the elements carrying the high voltage from the elements of the magnetic actuation of the fuel injector.

Die Vorspannung der Anlagefeder kann mittels einer justierbaren Federeinstellhülse einstellbar sein. Dabei ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die von der Schließfeder ausgeübte Schließkraft und die von der Anlagefeder in Öffnungsrichtung ausgeübte Anlagekraft so aufeinander eingestellt werden können, daß der zur Erregung der Magnetspule beim Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventil notwendige Spulenstrom minimiert ist und gleichzeitig ein zuverlässiges Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils sichergestellt ist.The system spring can be preloaded using an adjustable spring adjustment sleeve be adjustable. The advantage here is that that exerted by the closing spring Closing force and the contact force exerted by the contact spring in the opening direction can be adjusted to each other that the excitation of the solenoid at Opening the fuel injector necessary coil current is minimized and at the same time a reliable closing of the fuel injector is ensured.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündkerze, Fig. 2 den Bereich des Ventilsitzes des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels in einer vergrößerten Darstellung und Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Brennstoffeinspritzventil entsprechend Fig. 1 mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Weiterbildung.
    • Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
  • 1 shows a section through an inventive fuel injection valve with an integrated spark plug, FIG. 2 shows the area of the valve seat of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged view, and

    • Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

    Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündkerze zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen Brennraum einer gemischverdichteten, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine und zum Zünden des in den Brennraum eingespritzten Brennstoffs hat ein Gehäuse 1 aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material, insbesondere aus Metall. Im Inneren des Gehäuses 1 ist ein ebenfalls aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material, insbesondere Metall, ausgebildeter, rohrförmiger Ventilkörper 2 angeordnet, der zum Gehäuse 1 hin durch einen hochspannungsisolierenden Isolationskörper 3 isoliert ist. Der Isolationskörper 3 ist vorzugsweise aus einem keramischen Werkstoff gefertigt und hält der zum Zünden des Brennstoffs erforderlichen Zündspannung stand.The fuel injector shown in Fig. 1 with an integrated spark plug for direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of a mixture-compressed, spark-ignited internal combustion engine and for igniting the in the combustion chamber injected fuel has a housing 1 made of an electrically conductive material, especially of metal. Inside the housing 1 is also an electrical conductive material, in particular metal, tubular valve body 2 arranged to the housing 1 by a high voltage insulating Insulation body 3 is insulated. The insulation body 3 is preferably made of one ceramic material and holds the necessary to ignite the fuel Ignition voltage stood.

    An seinem abspritzseitigen Ende 4 weist der Ventilkörper 2 eine im Ausführungsbeispiel gebogene erste Zündelektrode 5 auf, die einer an dem abspritzseitigen Ende 6 des Gehäuses 1 angeordneten zweiten Zündelektrode 7 gegenüberliegt und mit dieser zur Erzeugung einer den in den Brennraum eingespritzten Brennstoff zündenden Funkenentladung zusammenwirkt. Zu diesem Zweck sind die Zündelektroden 5 und 7 über ein Hochspannungskabel 8 und über ein nicht dargestelltes Zündungs-Steuergerät mit einer ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Hochspannungsquelle verbunden. Eine als Verlängerung des Hochspannungskabels 8 ausgeführte Hochspannungszuführung 9 ist durch eine Anschlußbohrung 10 in dem Isolationskörper 3 hindurchgeführt und steht mit dem Ventilkörper 2 in Kontakt. Der Kontakt zwischen der Hochspannungszuführung 9 und dem Ventilkörper 2 kann in bekannter Weise durch Verquetschen, Verlöten oder dergleichen erfolgen. Ein Masseleiter des Hochspannungskabels 8 ist in entsprechender Weise an dem Gehäuse 1 elektrisch kontaktiert, so daß die von dem Hochspannungskabel 8 geführte Zündspannung zwischen den Zündelektroden 5 und 7 ansteht und sich dort in bekannter Weise in Form einer Funkenentladung entlädt. At its spray-side end 4, the valve body 2 has one in the exemplary embodiment bent first ignition electrode 5, which one at the spray end 6 of the Housing 1 arranged second ignition electrode 7 is opposite and with this Generation of a fuel igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber Spark discharge interacts. For this purpose, the ignition electrodes 5 and 7 are over a high-voltage cable 8 and an ignition controller, not shown, with a also not shown high voltage source connected. One as an extension of the High-voltage cable 8 executed high-voltage feed 9 is through a Connection bore 10 passed in the insulation body 3 and is with the Valve body 2 in contact. The contact between the high voltage supply 9 and the Valve body 2 can in a known manner by squeezing, soldering or the like respectively. A ground conductor of the high-voltage cable 8 is in a corresponding manner on the Housing 1 electrically contacted so that the led by the high voltage cable 8 Ignition voltage is present between the ignition electrodes 5 and 7 and there in known Discharges in the form of a spark discharge.

    Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist als außenöffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil ausgebildet. Dabei erstreckt sich in einer axialen Längsbohrung 11 des Ventilkörpers 2 eine Ventilnadel 12 durch eine an dem abspritzseitigen Ende 4 des Ventilkörpers 2 ausgebildete Ventilöffnung 13 hindurch. Die Ventilnadel 12 erweitert sich abspritzseitig der Ventilöffnung 13 zu einem Ventilschließkörper 14, der mit einem die Ventilöffnung 13 abspritzseitig umgebenden Ventilsitz 15 zur Ausbildung eines Dichtsitzes zusammenwirkt.The fuel injector is designed as an externally opening fuel injector. A valve needle extends in an axial longitudinal bore 11 of the valve body 2 12 by a formed on the spray-side end 4 of the valve body 2 Valve opening 13 through. The valve needle 12 expands on the spray side Valve opening 13 to a valve closing body 14, which with a valve opening 13 Valve seat 15 surrounding the spraying side interacts to form a sealing seat.

    Um die Ventilnadel 12 entgegen der mit x gekennzeichneten Abspritzöffnung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils vorzuspannen und somit das Brennstoffeinspritzventil zu schließen, ist eine Schließfeder 16 vorgesehen. Die Schließfeder 16 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel in der Längsbohrung 11 des Ventilkörpers 2 angeordnet und erstreckt sich die Ventilnadel 12 umschließend parallel zu deren Längserstreckung. Die Schließfeder 16 ist zwischen dem abspritzseitigen Ende 17 der Längsbohrung 11 des Ventilkörpers 2 und einer mit dem zulaufseitigen Ende 18 der Ventilnadel 12 verbundenen Ventilnadel-Hülse 19 eingespannt. Beim Zusammenfügen des Ventilkörpers 2 mit der Ventilnadel 12, der Rückstellfeder 16 und der Ventilnadel-Hülse 19 wird zunächst die Ventilnadel 12 von der Abspritzseite her durch die Ventilöffnung 13 hindurchgeführt und anschließend die Rückstellfeder 16 auf die Ventilnadel 12 aufgeschoben, bevor die Ventilnadel-Hülse 19 auf die Ventilnadel 12 aufgesetzt und mit dieser durch Verschweißen, Verlöten oder dergleichen verbunden wird. Beim Aufsetzen der Ventilnadel-Hülse 19 auf die Ventilnadel 12 wird die Rückstellfeder 16 so vorgespannt, daß der an der Ventilnadel 12 angeordnete Ventilschließkörper 14 an dem Ventilsitz 15 mit einer ausreichenden Schließkraft anliegt, so daß das Brennstoffeinspritzventil sicher geschlossen ist.To the valve needle 12 against the spray opening marked x Bias the fuel injector and thus the fuel injector close, a closing spring 16 is provided. The closing spring 16 is in the Embodiment arranged in the longitudinal bore 11 of the valve body 2 and extends the valve needle 12 enclosing itself parallel to its longitudinal extent. The closing spring 16 is between the spray-side end 17 of the longitudinal bore 11 of the valve body 2 and a valve needle sleeve connected to the inlet end 18 of the valve needle 12 19 clamped. When assembling the valve body 2 with the valve needle 12, the return spring 16 and the valve needle sleeve 19, the valve needle 12 of passed the spray side through the valve opening 13 and then the Return spring 16 pushed onto the valve needle 12 before the valve needle sleeve 19 the valve needle 12 placed and with this by welding, soldering or the like is connected. When placing the valve needle sleeve 19 on the valve needle 12, the return spring 16 is biased so that the arranged on the valve needle 12 Valve closing body 14 bears against valve seat 15 with a sufficient closing force, so that the fuel injector is securely closed.

    Der Isolationskörper 3 weist einen umlaufenden, kragenförmigen Bund 20 auf, der eine Stirnplatte 21 des Gehäuses 1 hintergreift, um den Isolationskörper 3 in axialer Richtung zu arretieren. Der Isolationskörper 3 überragt das zulaufseitige Ende 22 des Ventilkörpers 2 um einen Führungsabschnitt 23, der eine vorzugsweise zylinderförmige Bohrung 24 aufweist, in der ein vorzugsweise zylinderförmiges Isolationselement 25 vorzugsweise koaxial zu der Ventilnadel 12 so einsetzbar ist, daß das Isolationselement 25 in axialer Richtung bewegbar ist und dabei von dem Führungsabschnitt 23 geführt wird. Um den Brennstoff durch die Bohrung 24 in dem Führungsabschnitt 23 des Isolationskörpers 3 hindurch in die sich an die Bohrung 24 anschließende Längsbohrung 11 des Ventilkörpers 2 zu leiten, kann der Durchmesser des Isolationselements 25 geringfügig geringer bemessen sein als der Durchmesser der Bohrung 24 in dem Führungsabschnitt 23 des Isolationskörpers 3, so daß zwischen der Innenfläche der Bohrung 24 und der Außenfläche des Isolationselements 25 ein Ringspalt verbleibt, der den Durchfluß des Brennstoffs ermöglicht. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann das Isolationselement axiale Rillen 26 oder Bohrungen aufweisen, die den Brennstoff an dem Isolationselement 25 vorbei oder durch das Isolationselement 25 hindurch leiten.The insulation body 3 has a circumferential, collar-shaped collar 20, the one End plate 21 of the housing 1 engages around the insulating body 3 in the axial direction to lock. The insulation body 3 projects beyond the inlet end 22 of the valve body 2 around a guide section 23 which has a preferably cylindrical bore 24 in which a preferably cylindrical insulation element 25 is preferred Can be used coaxially to the valve needle 12 so that the insulating element 25 in the axial Direction is movable and is guided by the guide portion 23. To the Fuel through the bore 24 in the guide section 23 of the insulation body 3 through into the longitudinal bore 11 of the valve body adjoining the bore 24 2, the diameter of the insulation element 25 can be slightly smaller be dimensioned as the diameter of the bore 24 in the guide section 23 of the Insulation body 3, so that between the inner surface of the bore 24 and the outer surface of the insulation element 25, an annular gap remains, which is the flow of the fuel allows. Alternatively or additionally, the insulation element can have axial grooves 26 or Have holes that the fuel past or through the insulation element 25 pass the insulation element 25 through.

    Durch den Isolationskörper 3 in Verbindung mit dem Isolationselement 25 ist der die Hochspannung führende Ventilkörper 2 abgesehen von seiner abspritzseitigen Stirnfläche 27 allseitig isoliert. Ein Überschlagen der Hochspannung auf das Gehäuse 1 oder andere elektrisch leitende Komponenten des Brennstoffeinspritzventils wird dadurch sicher verhindert.Through the insulation body 3 in connection with the insulation element 25 is the Valve body 2 carrying high voltage apart from its spray-side end face 27 insulated on all sides. A flashover of the high voltage on the housing 1 or others This makes electrically conductive components of the fuel injector safe prevented.

    Zur Betätigung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils weist dieses in an sich bekannter Weise eine Magnetspule 28 auf, die über eine nicht dargestellte Anschlußleitung mit einem ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Einspritz-Steuergerät verbunden ist. Die Wicklung der Magnetspule 28 befindet sich auf einem Wicklungsträger 29 und ist von einem außenseitigen, ersten magnetischen Leitelement 30 und einem sich an das erste magnetische Leitelement 30 anschließenden, zweiten magnetischen Leitelement 31 teilweise umgeben. Die aus einem ferromagnetischen Material ausgebildeten Leitelemente 30 und 31 bilden zusammen mit dem ebenfalls aus einem ferromagnetischen Material gefertigten, zylinderförmigen Anker 32 einen geschlossenen magnetischen Flußkreis. Der Anker 32 ist bezüglich der Längsachse 33 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils bewegbar und wird bei Bestromen der Magnetspule 28 in Richtung auf das zweite magnetische Leitelement 31 gezogen. Um den Durchfluß des Brennstoffs durch den Anker 32 zu ermöglichen, weist dieser im Ausführungsbeispiel zumindest eine axiale Bohrung 34 auf. Der Anker 32 könnte jedoch alternativ auch umfänglich angeordnete Rillen aufweisen oder es könnte zwischen dem Anker 32 und dem den Anker 32 führenden, ersten magnetischen Leitelement 30 sowie dem Wicklungsträger 29 ein entsprechender Ringspalt ausgebildet sein. Der Anker 32 ist mit dem Isolationselement 25 im Ausführungsbeispiel über einen Stift 35 verbunden, der in eine an dem Isolationselement 25 ausgebildete Sackbohrung 36 eingreift.To actuate the fuel injection valve, this has a known manner Magnetic coil 28, which also has a connecting line, not shown Injection control unit, not shown, is connected. The winding of the solenoid 28 is located on a winding support 29 and is from an outside, first magnetic guide element 30 and one in contact with the first magnetic guide element 30 subsequent, second magnetic guide element 31 partially surrounded. The one Ferromagnetic material formed guide elements 30 and 31 together with the cylindrical armature, also made of a ferromagnetic material 32 a closed magnetic flux circuit. The anchor 32 is relative to the Longitudinal axis 33 of the fuel injector is movable and is energized Magnetic coil 28 is drawn in the direction of the second magnetic guide element 31. To the To allow flow of fuel through the armature 32, this has in Embodiment at least one axial bore 34. The anchor 32 could, however alternatively also have circumferentially arranged grooves or it could be between the Armature 32 and the first magnetic guide element 30 and the armature 32 a corresponding annular gap may be formed for the winding support 29. The anchor 32 is connected to the insulation element 25 in the exemplary embodiment via a pin 35 which engages in a blind bore 36 formed on the insulation element 25.

    Erfindungsgemäß wird der Anker 32 mittels einer in Öffnungsrichtung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils wirkenden Anlagefeder 37 über ein aus dem Stift 35 und dem Isolationselement 25 bestehendes Zwischenstück mit der Ventilnadel 12 in anliegendem Eingriff gehalten. Die an der zulaufseitigen Stirnfläche 54 des Ankers 32 anliegende Anlagefeder 37 stützt sich an einem zulaufseitigen Anschlußblock 38 ab und ist in diesem in einer Stufenbohrung 39 geführt, die sich zulaufseitig zu einem Brennstoffeinlaßstutzen 40 verjüngt. Der Anschlußblock 38 ist mit dem ersten magnetischen Leitelement 30 z.B. durch Verschrauben verbunden.According to the invention, the armature 32 is moved in the opening direction of the Fuel injection valve acting system spring 37 via a from the pin 35 and the Insulation element 25 existing adapter with the valve needle 12 in contact Kept engaged. The bearing on the inlet-side end face 54 of the armature 32 Contact spring 37 is supported on and is in an inlet-side connection block 38 guided in a stepped bore 39, which on the inlet side leads to a fuel inlet connection 40 tapered. The connection block 38 is connected to the first magnetic guide element 30 e.g. connected by screwing.

    Bei nicht erregter Magnetspule 28 wird der an der Ventilnadel 12 angeordnete Ventilschließkörper 14 mittels der Schließfeder 16 abspritzseitig an den Ventilsitz 15 gedrückt, so daß das Brennstoffeinspritzventil geschlossen ist. Bei Bestromen der Magnetspule 28 zirkuliert in dem durch das erste magnetische Leitelement 30, das zweite magnetische Leitelement 31 und den Anker 32 gebildeten magnetischen Flußkreis ein magnetischer Fluß, der den Anker 32 in Richtung auf das zweite magnetische Leitelement 31 drückt. Auf diese Weise wird die Ventilnadel 12 über den Stift 35 und das Isolationselement 25 in Öffnungsrichtung, d.h. in Abspritzrichtung x, mit einem mechanischen Druck beaufschlagt, der den Ventilschließkörper 14 von dem Ventilsitz 15 abhebt und somit das Brennstoffeinspritzventil öffnet. Da der Anker 32 über den Stift 35 und das Isolationselement 25 mittels der Anlagefeder 37 fortwährend in anliegendem Eingriff mit der Ventilnadel 12 gehalten wird, folgt die Bewegung der Ventilnadel 12 unmittelbar der Bewegung des Ankers 32, so daß das Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Bestromen der Magnetspule 28 sofort anspricht. Durch die Anlagefeder 37 wird daher eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Anker 32 und der Ventilnadel 12 bewirkt, ohne daß es einer formschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen dem Isolationselement 25 und der Ventilnadel 12 einerseits und zwischen dem Isolationselement 25 und dem Stift 35 andererseits bedarf. Das Isolationselement 25 kann daher in äußerst einfacher Weise, z.B. zylinderförmig, ausgebildet sein, was die Herstellung des vorzugsweise aus einem keramischen und daher relativ spröden Material zu fertigenden Isolationselements 25 wesentlich vereinfacht.When the solenoid 28 is not energized, the one on the valve needle 12 is arranged Valve closing body 14 by means of the closing spring 16 on the spray side on the valve seat 15 pressed so that the fuel injector is closed. When energizing the Magnetic coil 28 circulates in the through the first magnetic guide element 30, the second magnetic guide element 31 and the armature 32 formed magnetic flux circuit magnetic flux that directs the armature 32 toward the second magnetic guide 31 presses. In this way, the valve needle 12 over the pin 35 and that Insulation element 25 in the opening direction, i.e. in spray direction x, with a applied mechanical pressure that the valve closing body 14 from the valve seat 15th takes off and thus opens the fuel injector. Since the armature 32 via the pin 35 and the insulation element 25 by means of the contact spring 37 continuously in contact Is engaged with the valve needle 12, the movement of the valve needle 12 follows immediately the movement of the armature 32, so that the fuel injector after Energizing the solenoid 28 responds immediately. By the contact spring 37 is therefore a non-positive connection between the armature 32 and the valve needle 12 without that there is a positive connection between the insulation element 25 and the Valve needle 12 on the one hand and between the insulation element 25 and the pin 35 on the other hand needs. The insulation element 25 can therefore be extremely simple, e.g. be cylindrical, which is the manufacture of the preferably from a ceramic and therefore relatively brittle material to be made insulation element 25 much simplified.

    Nach Abschalten des die Magnetspule 28 erregenden elektrischen Stromes wird das Brennstoffeinspritzventil durch die Schließfeder 16 wieder geschlossen, indem der Ventilschließkörper 14 an dem Ventilsitz 15 zur Anlage gebracht wird. Dabei ergibt sich ein weiterer Vorteil der anliegenden, nicht formschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen dem Isolationselement 25 und der Ventilnadel 12, da durch den Anschlag des Ventilschließkörpers 14 an dem Ventilsitz 15 lediglich die relativ geringe träge Masse der Ventilnadel 12 zum Stillstand gebracht werden muß. Das Isolationselement 25 kann dabei kurzzeitig von dem zulaufseitigen Ende 18 der Ventilnadel 12 abheben, wobei die gegenüber der Ventilnadel 12 wesentlich größere träge Masse des Ankers 32, des Stifts 35 und des Isolationselements 25 durch Deformation der Anlagefeder 37 zum Stillstand gebracht wird. Die Anlagefeder 37 drückt den Anker 32 und das aus dem Stift 35 und dem Isolationselement 25 bestehende Zwischenstück dann in Richtung auf die Ventilnadel 12 zurück, bis das Isolationselement 25 wieder an der Ventilnadel 12 anliegt. Da an dem Ventilsitz 15 nur die relativ geringe Masse der Ventilnadel 12 anschlägt, wird der Verschleiß des Ventilsitzes 15 gering gehalten. Die geringe Beanspruchung des Ventilsitzes 15 und des Ventilschließkörpers 14 ist bei dem direkt in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine einspritzenden Brennstoffeinspritzventil besonders wichtig, da der Ventilsitz 15 und der Ventilschließkörper 14 durch die Anordnung im bzw. nahe dem Brennraum thermisch hoch belastet ist.After switching off the electric current exciting the solenoid 28, the Fuel injector closed again by the closing spring 16 by the Valve closing body 14 is brought into contact with the valve seat 15. It follows Another advantage of the adjacent, non-positive connection between the Isolation element 25 and the valve needle 12, as by the stop of the Valve closing body 14 on the valve seat 15 only the relatively low inertial mass Valve needle 12 must be brought to a standstill. The insulation element 25 can briefly lift off the inlet end 18 of the valve needle 12, the compared to the valve needle 12 much larger inert mass of the armature 32, the pin 35th and the insulation element 25 to a standstill by deformation of the contact spring 37 brought. The contact spring 37 presses the armature 32 and that of the pin 35 and the Insulation element 25 existing intermediate piece then in the direction of the valve needle 12 back until the insulation element 25 rests against the valve needle 12. Because of that Valve seat 15 strikes only the relatively small mass of valve needle 12, the Wear of the valve seat 15 kept low. The low stress of the Valve seat 15 and the valve closing body 14 is in the directly in the combustion chamber Internal combustion engine fuel injector is particularly important because of the Valve seat 15 and the valve closing body 14 by the arrangement in or near the Combustion chamber is thermally highly loaded.

    Die Anlagefeder 37 kann gegenüber der Schließfeder 16 relativ schwach bemessen sein, da ihr lediglich die Aufgabe des Abbremsens des Ankers 32, des Stifts 35 und des Isolationselements 25 beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils und die Vermittlung eines Anlagedrucks, um den Anker 32 über das aus dem Stift 35 und dem Isolationselement 25 bestehenden Zwischenstück mit der Ventilnadel 12 in anliegendem Eingriff zu halten, zukommt.The contact spring 37 can be dimensioned relatively weak compared to the closing spring 16 because you only the task of braking the armature 32, the pin 35 and the Isolation element 25 when closing the fuel injector and switching a system pressure to the armature 32 via the pin 35 and the Isolation element 25 existing intermediate piece with the valve needle 12 in adjacent It is important to keep intervention.

    Da das Isolationselement 25 bei der Betätigung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils ausschließlich auf Druck, nicht jedoch auf Zug belastet wird, sind an die Zugbelastbarkeit des vorzugsweise aus einem keramischen Werkstoff gefertigten Isolationselements 25 keine besonderen Anforderungen zu stellen.Because the insulation member 25 when the fuel injector is actuated only under pressure, but not under tension, the tensile strength of the insulation element 25, which is preferably made of a ceramic material to make special demands.

    Die der elektromagnetischen Betätigung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils dienenden Komponenten sind über den Isolationskörper 3 und das Isolationselement 25 von dem Hochspannung führenden Ventilkörper 2 vollständig isoliert, so daß ein Überschlagen der Hochspannung auf diese Komponenten wirkungsvoll verhindert ist, was die Betriebssicherheit des erfindungsgemäßen weitergebildeten Brennstoffeinspritzventils erheblich verbessert.Those used for electromagnetic actuation of the fuel injector Components are from the insulation body 3 and the insulation element 25 High voltage leading valve body 2 completely isolated, so that a rollover High voltage on these components effectively prevents what the Operational reliability of the further developed fuel injector according to the invention significantly improved.

    Fig. 2 zeigt eine bevorzugte Ausbildung der Ventilnadel 12 und des Ventilschließkörpers 14 im Bereich der an dem abspritzseitigen Ende 4 des Ventilkörpers 3 vorgesehenen Ventilöffnung 13 in einer vergrößerten Darstellung.Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the valve needle 12 and the valve closing body 14 in the region of that provided on the spray-side end 4 of the valve body 3 Valve opening 13 in an enlarged view.

    Die Ventilnadel 12 erstreckt sich durch die Ventilöffnung 13 hindurch und weist an ihrem abspritzseitigen Ende den Ventilschließkörper 14 auf. Der Ventilschließkörper 14 umfaßt einen kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitt 41, der einer kegelstumpfförmigen Ventilsitzfläche 42 an dem Ventilsitz 15 gegenüberliegt. Zwischen dem kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitt 41 des Ventilschließkörpers 14 und der kegelstumpfförmigen Ventilsitzfläche 42 des Ventilsitzes 15 entsteht daher beim Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils ein Ringspalt 43, der den Spritzkegelwinkel des Brennstoffstrahls festlegt. Stromaufwärts des Ventilschließkörpers 14 weist die Ventilnadel 12 einen zylindrischen Zumeßabschnitt 44 auf, der in einem zylindrischen Abschnitt 45 der Ventilöffnung 13 geführt ist. Zwischen der Innenfläche des zylindrischen Abschnitts 45 der Ventilöffnung 13 und der Außenfläche des Zumeßabschnitts 44 der Ventilnadel 12 befindet sich ein enger zylindrischer Ringspalt 46, der bei geöffnetem Brennstoffeinspritzventil als Brennstoff-Zumeßspalt dient.The valve needle 12 extends through the valve opening 13 and points at it injection-side end of the valve closing body 14. The valve closing body 14 comprises a frusto-conical portion 41, that of a frusto-conical valve seat 42 is opposite to the valve seat 15. Between the frusto-conical section 41 of the valve closing body 14 and the frustoconical valve seat surface 42 of the Valve seat 15 therefore creates an annular gap 43 when the fuel injector is opened, which defines the spray cone angle of the fuel jet. Upstream of the Valve closing body 14, valve needle 12 has a cylindrical metering section 44 on, which is guided in a cylindrical portion 45 of the valve opening 13. Between the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 45 of the valve opening 13 and the outer surface of the metering section 44 of the valve needle 12 there is a narrow cylindrical annular gap 46, which serves as a fuel metering gap when the fuel injector is open.

    Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, daß die für die Brennstoffzumessung eingestellte Drosselung am zylindrischen Ringspalt 46 praktisch hubunabhängig ist und daß der als Abspritzöffnung dienende Ringspalt 43 ohne Einfluß auf die Brennstoffzumessung relativ groß dimensioniert werden kann, so daß die Gefahr eines nicht schließenden Brennstoffeinspritzventils infolge von zwischen dem Ventilschließkörper 14 und dem Ventilsitz 15 festsitzenden Schmutzpartikeln wesentlich verringert werden kann.It is advantageous that the throttling set for the fuel metering on cylindrical annular gap 46 is practically independent of the stroke and that of the spray opening serving annular gap 43 relatively large without influencing the fuel metering can be dimensioned so that the risk of not closing Fuel injector as a result of between the valve closing body 14 and the Valve seat 15 stuck dirt particles can be significantly reduced.

    In Strömungsrichtung oberhalb des zylindrischen Zumeßabschnitts 44 weist die Ventilnadel einen verjüngten Abschnitt 47 auf. In einem den verjüngten Abschnitt 47 der Ventilnadel 12 gegenüberliegenden, kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitt 48 verjüngt sich die Ventilöffnung 13 in Strömungsrichtung von einem Abschnitt 49 mit erweitertem Durchmesser zu dem bereits beschriebenen zylindrischen Abschnitt 45.The valve needle points in the flow direction above the cylindrical metering section 44 a tapered section 47. In a tapered section 47 of the valve needle 12 opposite, frustoconical section 48 tapers the valve opening 13 in the direction of flow from a section 49 with an enlarged diameter to the cylindrical section 45 already described.

    Selbstverständlich sind eine Vielzahl alternativer Ausbildungen der Ventilnadel 12, der Ventilöffnung 13, des Ventilschließkörpers 14 und des Ventilsitzes 15 im Rahmen der Erfindung denkbar. Im Hinblick auf die beabsichtigte Druckbeanspruchung der Ventilnadel 12 zum Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils ist es lediglich wesentlich, daß das Brennstoffeinspritzventil als außenöffnendes Ventil ausgebildet ist, bei dem der Ventilschließkörper 14 an den Ventilsitz 15 abspritzseitig anliegt.Of course, a variety of alternative designs of the valve needle 12, the Valve opening 13, the valve closing body 14 and the valve seat 15 in the context of Invention conceivable. With regard to the intended pressure load of the Valve needle 12 for opening the fuel injector, it is only essential that the fuel injector is designed as an externally opening valve, in which the Valve closing body 14 abuts the valve seat 15 on the spray side.

    Fig. 3 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Weiterbildung des anhand der Fig. 1 und 2 beschriebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils mit integrierter Zündkerze. Die bereits beschriebenen Komponenten sind mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen, so daß sich eine diesbezügliche Beschreibung erübrigt.FIG. 3 shows a further development of the invention based on FIGS. 1 and 2 described fuel injector with integrated spark plug. The already Components described are provided with the same reference numerals, so that a description in this regard is unnecessary.

    Der Anschlußblock 38 ist gegenüber dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zulaufseitig zu dem Brennstoffeinlaßstutzen 40 hin erweitert. In dem Anschlußblock 38 ist eine Längsbohrung 50 vorgesehen, in welche die Anlagefeder 37 eingeführt ist. Bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Längsbohrung 50 des Anschlußblocks 38 eine justierbare Federeinstellhülse 51 vorgesehen, deren axiale Lage in der Längsbohrung 50 z.B. mittels eines Gewindes verstellbar ist. Für die Justage ist die Federeinstellhülse 51 von dem Brennstoffeinlaßstutzen 40 aus zugänglich. Die Federeinstellhülse 51 weist eine axiale Längsbohrung 52 auf, die im Ausführungsbeispiel über eine Drossel 53 in die Längsbohrung 50 des Anschlußblocks 38 ausmündet. The connection block 38 is compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 expanded on the inlet side to the fuel inlet port 40. In the terminal block 38 is a longitudinal bore 50 is provided, into which the contact spring 37 is inserted. At the in Fig. 3 embodiment shown is in the longitudinal bore 50 of the terminal block 38 an adjustable spring adjusting sleeve 51 is provided, the axial position of which Longitudinal bore 50 e.g. is adjustable by means of a thread. For the adjustment it is Spring adjusting sleeve 51 accessible from the fuel inlet port 40. The Spring adjusting sleeve 51 has an axial longitudinal bore 52, which in the exemplary embodiment A throttle 53 opens into the longitudinal bore 50 of the connection block 38.

    Über die Federeinstellhülse 51 kann die Vorspannung der Anlagefeder 37 so justiert werden, daß nach jedem Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils der Anker 32 über das aus dem Stift 35 und dem Isolationselement 25 bestehende Zwischenstück rasch mit dem zulaufseitigen Ende 18 der Ventilnadel 12 in anliegenden Eingriff gebracht werden kann und andererseits das Brennstoffeinspritzventil aufgrund der resultierenden Kraftdifferenz aus der in Schließrichtung wirkenden Federkraft der Schließfeder 16 und der in Öffnungsrichtung wirkenden Federkraft der Anlagefeder 37 ohne Erregung der Magnetspule 28 sicher geschlossen bleibt. Die von der Anlagefeder 37 ausgeübte Federkraft ist daher geringer als die von der Schließfeder 16 ausgeübte Federkraft. Durch eine entsprechende Wahl der von der Anlagefeder 37 auf den Anker 32 ausgeübten Vorspannung läßt sich ferner der zum Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils notwendige Spulenstrom der Magnetspule 28 minimieren.The bias of the contact spring 37 can be adjusted in this way via the spring adjusting sleeve 51 be that after each opening of the fuel injector, the armature 32 on the off the pin 35 and the insulation element 25 existing intermediate piece quickly with the inlet end 18 of the valve needle 12 can be brought into engagement and on the other hand the fuel injector due to the resulting force difference from the spring force acting in the closing direction of the closing spring 16 and in Opening force acting spring force of the contact spring 37 without excitation of the Solenoid 28 remains securely closed. The one exerted by the contact spring 37 Spring force is therefore less than the spring force exerted by the closing spring 16. By a corresponding choice of those exerted by the contact spring 37 on the armature 32 Bias can also be necessary to open the fuel injector Minimize the coil current of the solenoid 28.

    Claims (11)

    1. Fuel injection valve with an integrated spark plug for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion space of an internal combustion engine and for the ignition of the fuel injected into the combustion space, with a valve body which has at its injection-side end a valve orifice surrounded by a valve seat and a first ignition electrode, the valve orifice being capable of being closed by a valve closing body arranged on a valve needle and the valve needle being capable of being actuated electro-magnetically, to open the fuel injection valve, by means of a magnet coil acting on an armature, and with a second ignition electrode which is high-voltage-insulated by the valve body and which, in order to generate a spark discharge igniting the fuel injected into the combustion space, co-operates with the first ignition electrode formed on the valve body, characterized in that the valve needle (12) extends through the valve orifice (13) as far as the valve closing body (14) arranged on the injection side, and a closing spring (16) prestresses the valve needle (12) opposite to its opening direction directed in the injection direction (x), in such a way that, with the fuel injection valve closed, the valve closing body (14) bears on the valve seat (15) on the injection side, and in that the armature (32) is held in bearing engagement with the valve needle (12) by means of a bearing spring (37) acting in the opening direction, via an intermediate piece (35, 25) arranged between the armature (32) and the valve needle (12), the intermediate piece (35, 25) comprising a high-voltage-insulating insulation element (25).
    2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the valve body (12) is radially surrounded, with respect to the longitudinal axis (33) of the fuel injection valve, by a high-voltage-insulating insulation body (3) surrounded by an electrically conductive housing (1), on the injection-side end (6) of which the second ignition electrode (7) is arranged.
    3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 2, characterized in that the insulation body (3) has a guide portion (23) which projects beyond the inflow-side end (22) of the valve body (2), said inflow-side end facing away from the valve orifice (13), and which has an axial bore (24) surrounding the insulation element (25) in such a way that the insulation element (25) is guided movably therein.
    4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a high-voltage feed (9) passes through the insulation body (3) in the radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis (33) of the fuel injection valve and is connected to the valve body (2).
    5. Fuel injection valve according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the valve needle (12) extends essentially over the entire length of the valve body (2) receiving the valve needle (12), and the insulation element (25), by being loaded by the bearing spring (23), bears flush on the inflow-side end (18) of the valve needle (12), said inflow-side end being located opposite the valve closing body (14).
    6. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 5, characterized in that the closing spring (16) is arranged inside the valve body (12) so as to surround the valve needle (12) and is clamped between the injection-side end (4) of the valve body (12) and the inflow-side end (18) of the valve needle (12).
    7. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connection piece (25, 35) comprises a pin-like element (35) which is arranged between the armature (32) and the insulation element (25) and which is capable of being inserted into a corresponding recess (36) of the insulation element (25).
    8. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 7, characterized in that the armature (32), the pin-like element (35), the insulation element (25) and the valve needle (12) are designed axially symmetrically and are arranged coaxially to one another.
    9. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bearing spring (37) loads one end face (54) of the armature (32), said end face facing away from the intermediate piece (25, 35).
    10. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 9, characterized in that the bearing spring (37) is supported on an adjustable spring setting sleeve (51).
    11. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the valve needle (12) has, upstream of the valve closing body (14), a cylindrical metering portion (44) which is surrounded by a cylindrical portion (45) of the valve orifice (13), in such a way as to form, between the outer face of the cylindrical metering portion (44) of the valve needle (12) and the inner face of the cylindrical portion (45) of the valve orifice (13), a cylindrical annular gap (46) which defines a metering cross section.
    EP97938753A 1996-09-18 1997-08-11 Fuel injection valve with integrated spark plug Expired - Lifetime EP0861371B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19638025 1996-09-18
    DE19638025A DE19638025A1 (en) 1996-09-18 1996-09-18 Fuel injector with integrated spark plug
    PCT/DE1997/001704 WO1998012431A1 (en) 1996-09-18 1997-08-11 Fuel injection valve with integrated spark plug

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0861371A1 EP0861371A1 (en) 1998-09-02
    EP0861371B1 true EP0861371B1 (en) 2002-04-03

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    EP (1) EP0861371B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP2000500840A (en)
    DE (2) DE19638025A1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1998012431A1 (en)

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    US2459286A (en) * 1944-05-27 1949-01-18 Gen Motors Corp Combination spark plug and fuel injector
    US2795214A (en) * 1955-05-20 1957-06-11 Ii Thurston W Shook Combined fuel injection and ignition system for internal combustion engines
    US4095580A (en) * 1976-10-22 1978-06-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Pulse-actuated fuel-injection spark plug
    US4343272A (en) * 1980-03-12 1982-08-10 Buck Alan C Devices for supplementing conventional liquid fuels in internal combustion engines with gaseous fuel supplements
    JPH0719142A (en) * 1993-06-30 1995-01-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Spark plug with fuel injection valve
    US5497744A (en) * 1993-11-29 1996-03-12 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel injector with an integrated spark plug for a direct injection type engine

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE10337630A1 (en) * 2003-08-16 2005-03-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Fuel injection valve with integrated ignition plug has hollow valve body holding high voltage electrode that ends approximately flush with valve body, ignition transformer with primary and secondary windings in housing

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    US5983855A (en) 1999-11-16
    JP2000500840A (en) 2000-01-25
    DE59706859D1 (en) 2002-05-08
    EP0861371A1 (en) 1998-09-02
    WO1998012431A1 (en) 1998-03-26
    DE19638025A1 (en) 1998-03-19

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