EP0833587B1 - Method of identifying people - Google Patents
Method of identifying people Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0833587B1 EP0833587B1 EP97916354A EP97916354A EP0833587B1 EP 0833587 B1 EP0833587 B1 EP 0833587B1 EP 97916354 A EP97916354 A EP 97916354A EP 97916354 A EP97916354 A EP 97916354A EP 0833587 B1 EP0833587 B1 EP 0833587B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- skin
- ultrasonic
- echo
- sweat glands
- ultrasonic transducer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000000106 Sweat Glands Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 210000000434 stratum corneum Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001702 transmitter Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000002615 Epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 Sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004301 light adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/117—Identification of persons
- A61B5/1171—Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof
- A61B5/1172—Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof using fingerprinting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/1365—Matching; Classification
- G06V40/1371—Matching features related to minutiae or pores
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Personenidentifikation mittels Ultraschall.The invention relates to a method for personal identification using ultrasound.
Aus dem Stand der Technik US 4 564 019 ist ein Verfahren zur Messung von Charakteristika lebenden Gewebes durch Ultraschall bekannt. Aus der DE 4 226 865 A1 ist ein Ultraschalldiagnosegerät für die Dermatologie bekannt.From the prior art US 4,564,019 is a method for Ultrasound measurement of living tissue characteristics known. DE 4 226 865 A1 describes an ultrasound diagnostic device known for dermatology.
Bildgebende Verfahren zur Erkennung der Leistenstruktur der Hautoberfläche sind aus der US 5 224 174 und der WO 95/12354 bekannt. Aus der WO 94/25938 ist ein Verfahren zur Personenidentifikation bekannt, welches ebenfalls die Position der Schweißporen erfaßt. Aus der US 4 977 601, der EP 0 619 095 A1, der US 5 218 644, der US 5 258 922, der EP 0 402 779 A2 und der WO 94/24937 sind Verfahren bekannt, die den Betrag des von einer Wandlerstrecke gewonnenen und über mehrere Wandlerstrecken gemittelten Ortsfrequenzspektrum der Leistenstruktur oder anderer in den Anmeldungen nicht näher beschriebenen Zellstrukturen ("Epithelstruktur") zur Personenidentifikation heranziehen.Imaging methods for the detection of the last structure Skin surface are from US 5 224 174 and WO 95/12354 known. WO 94/25938 describes a method for Personal identification known, which also detects the position of the welding pores. From US 4 977 601, EP 0 619 095 A1, US 5 218 644, US 5 258 922, EP 0 402 779 A2 and WO 94/24937 Methods are known which determine the amount of a converter path obtained and averaged over several converter paths Spatial frequency spectrum of the inguinal structure or other in cell structures not described in detail in the applications ("Epithelial structure") for personal identification.
Aus der WO 94/01043 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, das Ultraschallwellen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen kombiniert.A method is known from WO 94/01043, the ultrasonic waves combined with electromagnetic waves.
Aus der WO 95/06262 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, das mit inverser Anregung arbeitet.From WO 95/06262 a method is known which uses inverse Suggestion works.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Personenidentifikation anzugeben, das eine sichere Personenidentifikation gewährleistet und einfach zu realisieren ist.The object of the invention is a method for personal identification indicate that a secure personal identification guaranteed and easy to implement.
Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren gemäß dem Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a method according to the patent claim 1 solved.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen. Advantageous further developments result from the dependent ones Claims.
Die Erfindung wird anhand von drei Figuren weiter beschrieben.The invention is further described with reference to three figures.
Die Oberhaut der menschlichen Fingerkuppe, auch als Epidermis bezeichnet, besteht aus einer Hornschicht, einer Keimschicht und einer Basalschicht. Die Grenzfläche der Hornschicht zum ankoppelnden Medium stellt für Ultraschall einen hohen Impedanzsprung dar und kann zur Erkennung der Oberfläche herangezogen werden. Die aus dem obengenannten Stand der Technik bekannten bildgebenden Verfahren zur Erkennung der Leistenstruktur der Hautoberfläche nutzen diesen Effekt.The epidermis of the human fingertip called consists of a horny layer, a seed layer and a basal layer. The interface of the horny layer to the coupling medium represents a high impedance jump for ultrasound and can be used to recognize the surface become. The known from the above prior art imaging method for recognizing the last structure the skin surface use this effect.
Die Hornschicht ist in ihren akustischen Eigenschaften weitgehend konstant und somit echoarm. Eine Ausnahme bilden die in der Hornschicht vorhandenen Schweißporen, die meist entlang der Furchen zwischen den Leisten angeordnet sind und in einem Schnitt des Ultraschallbildes (C-Scan) in einer bestimmten Tiefe, typischerweise zwischen 100 und 250 um unter der Hautoberfläche erfaßt werden können (vgl. hierzu Figur 1).The horny layer is largely in its acoustic properties constant and therefore low-echo. The exception is sweat pores present in the horny layer, mostly along the furrows are arranged between the strips and in a section of the ultrasound image (C-scan) in a specific one Depth, typically between 100 and 250 µm below the surface of the skin can be detected (see FIG 1).
Die an der Fingeroberfläche vorhandene Leistenstruktur wiederholt sich in einer tieferliegenden Hautschicht, typischerweise 200 bis 500 µm (vgl. Figur 2). Der Übergang von der abgestorbenen (wasserarmen) Schicht der Oberhaut zu den wasserhaltigen, wie die Fingerleisten strukturierten hautbildenden Schichten stellt einen deutlich meßbaren Impedanzsprung dar, so daß sich diese Hautschicht ebenfalls zur Selektion von personenspezifischen Merkmalen eignet.Repeat the last structure on the finger surface yourself in a deeper layer of skin, typically 200 to 500 µm (see FIG. 2). The transition from the dead (low water) layer of the epidermis to the water-containing, like the finger strips structured skin-forming Layers represent a clearly measurable jump in impedance, so that this skin layer is also suitable for the selection of person-specific characteristics.
Ein Vorteil der zusätzlichen Detektion der tieferen Hautschichten ist eine höhere Fälschungssicherheit und eine gleichbleibende Erkennungsrate bei einer oberflächlichen Verletzung der Haut. Aufgrund des guten von der Oberfläche der Haut zu erzielenden mit Ultraschall aufgenommenen Bildes wird die Oberflächenstruktur der Haut ständig zur Identifizierung herangezogen. Die zusätzliche Identifizierung aufgrund von tieferliegenden Hautschichten verbessert das Verfahren jedoch wesentlich.An advantage of the additional detection of the deeper skin layers is a higher security against counterfeiting and one constant detection rate for a superficial injury of the skin. Because of the good of the surface of the Skin to be obtained with ultrasound image the surface structure of the skin constantly for identification used. The additional identification due to however, the procedure improves deeper skin layers essential.
Ein besonderer Vorteil der Detektion der Kanäle von Schweißdrüsen liegt darin, daß die gewonnenen Datensätze wegen der binären Information (Schweißdrüse vorhanden oder nicht vorhanden) mit wenig Speicherbedarf und Rechenzeit verarbeitet werden können.A special advantage of the detection of the channels of sweat glands is that the records obtained because of the binary information (sweat gland present or not present) processed with little memory and computing time can be.
Ein zweidimensionales Ultraschallwandler-Array von ca. 20*20 bis 200*200, typischerweise 100*100 Ultraschallwandlern mit einem Wandlerabstand von ca. 50 bis 200 µm wird so angeordnet, daß die informationstragenden Teile der Fingerkuppe, d.h. der Bereich, in dem auch die an der Hautoberfläche erkennbare Leistenstruktur signifikante Merkmale aufweist, erfaßt werden (vgl. Figur 3). Durch ein Puls-Echo-Verfahren wird die Echoamplitude der zu untersuchenden Hautschicht im Bereich von 100 bis 1000 µm untersucht. Die einzelnen Wandlerstrecken können als Einzelwandlerstrecke (jeder Wandler mißt sein eigenes Echo) oder als getrennte Wandlerstrecken (ein Wandler sendet und ein oder mehrere Wandler empfangen) ausgeführt sein.A two-dimensional ultrasonic transducer array of approximately 20 * 20 up to 200 * 200, typically 100 * 100 ultrasonic transducers with a transducer spacing of approx. 50 to 200 µm is arranged that the information-bearing parts of the fingertip, i.e. the area in which is also recognizable on the surface of the skin Last structure has significant features be (see Figure 3). Through a pulse-echo process the echo amplitude of the skin layer to be examined in the Range from 100 to 1000 µm examined. The individual converter sections can be used as a single converter section (each converter measures its own echo) or as separate converter paths (one converter sends and one or more converters receive) be executed.
Die kostengünstige Realisierung gemäß des vorliegenden Erfindung ergibt sich, wenn die Echoamplituden nur einer bestimmten Tiefe, z.B. die Ebene der Schweißdrüsen oder die Ebene der tieferliegenden informationstragenden Hautschichten, als skalarer oder binärer Wert abgespeichert und einer Mustererkennung zugeführt werden. Zum Ausgleich von unterschiedlichen Hautdicken kann hierbei die Adaption der Meßtiefe notwendig sein. The cost-effective implementation according to the present invention results when the echo amplitudes only a certain depth, e.g. the level of Sweat glands or the level of the underlying information-carrying Skin layers, saved as a scalar or binary value and a pattern recognition are supplied. To the Compensation of different skin thicknesses can Adaptation of the measuring depth may be necessary.
Die Erfindung benutzt die Schweißdrüsen der Hornschicht der menschlichen Fingerkuppe als personenspezifisches Merkmal. Diese werden mittels einer Ultrallschall-Sende/Empfangseinheit detektiert. Die von der Ultraschall-Sende/Empfangseinheit stammenden Informationen werden in der der Ultraschall-Sende/Empfangseinheit nachgeschalteten Auswerteeinheit weiter verarbeitet.The invention uses the sweat glands of the horny layer of the human fingertip as a person-specific characteristic. These are by means of an ultrasound transmitter / receiver unit detected. The from the ultrasound transmitter / receiver unit Information originating in the ultrasound transmitter / receiver unit downstream evaluation unit processed.
Die einzelnen Ultraschallwandler des Ultraschallwandlerarrays haben eine laterale Auflösung zwischen 50 und 200 um und können mikromechanisch hergestellt werden.The individual ultrasound transducers of the ultrasound transducer array have a lateral resolution between 50 and 200 µm and can be produced micromechanically.
Es ist auch möglich, 2-2-Composite-Ultraschallwandler mit einer lateralen Auflösung zwischen 50 und 200 µm zu verwenden.It is also possible to use 2-2 composite ultrasonic transducers use lateral resolution between 50 and 200 µm.
Die Echoamplituden oder die Maxima der Echoamplituden können in einer bestimmten Hautschicht aufgezeichnet und einer Bildverarbeitung zugeführt werden.The echo amplitudes or the maxima of the echo amplitudes can recorded in a certain layer of skin and image processing are fed.
Claims (4)
- Method for personal identification, in which the person or the persons are identified with the aid of their sweat glands in the skin, characterized in that the sweat glands are detected by means of an ultrasonic transmission/reception unit, where a pulse-echo method is used and echo amplitudes of a specific depth of a plane of the sweat glands in the region between 100 µm and 250 µm are detected and stored in scalar or binary value form and fed to a pattern recognition stage.
- Method according to Claim 1, in which a two-dimensional ultrasonic transducer array of 20×20 to 200×200 ultrasonic transducers with a transducer separation of 50 µm to 200 µm is used.
- Method according to Claim 2, in which the ultrasonic transducer array is configured with individual transducer channels and each ultrasonic transducer measures its own echo.
- Method according to Claim 2, in which the ultrasonic transducer array is configured with split transducer channels and, in addition to a transmitting ultrasonic transducer, one or more receiving ultrasonic transducers are provided.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19614220 | 1996-04-10 | ||
| DE19614220 | 1996-04-10 | ||
| PCT/DE1997/000585 WO1997037592A1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1997-03-21 | Method of identifying people |
| US09/301,448 US6228029B1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1999-04-29 | Method for the identification of persons |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0833587A1 EP0833587A1 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
| EP0833587B1 true EP0833587B1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
Family
ID=26024638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97916354A Expired - Lifetime EP0833587B1 (en) | 1996-04-10 | 1997-03-21 | Method of identifying people |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6228029B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0833587B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3065356B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1155335C (en) |
| AT (1) | AT252344T (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59710883D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2210512T3 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN191434B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9710027A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997037592A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004023999A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-25 | Fujitsu Limited | Biosensing instrument and method and identifying device having biosensing function |
| JP4158097B2 (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2008-10-01 | ソニー株式会社 | Authentication system |
| US8255039B2 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2012-08-28 | Tearscience, Inc. | Meibomian gland illuminating and imaging |
| CN100390812C (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2008-05-28 | 敦南科技股份有限公司 | Testing tools applied for dermatoglyphics reader |
| US8249695B2 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2012-08-21 | Tearscience, Inc. | Meibomian gland imaging |
| ES2737881T3 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2020-01-16 | Tearscience Inc | Apparatus for measuring the thickness of the ocular tear film layer |
| JP6615748B2 (en) | 2013-05-03 | 2019-12-04 | テイアサイエンス・インコーポレーテツド | Eyelid irradiation system and method for imaging meibomian glands for meibomian gland analysis |
| US9830424B2 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2017-11-28 | Hill-Rom Services, Inc. | Bed/room/patient association systems and methods |
| CN103488985A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-01-01 | 无锡优创生物科技有限公司 | Identify recognition system and method based on hand back pore distribution |
| US10628693B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2020-04-21 | Essenlix Corporation | Devices and methods for authenticating a sample and use of the same |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4190056A (en) * | 1977-10-31 | 1980-02-26 | General Medical Company | Method and means for recording sweat gland activity |
| FR2578412A1 (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1986-09-12 | Vanoni Regis | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECOGNIZING AN INDIVIDUAL |
| US5143063A (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1992-09-01 | Fellner Donald G | Method of removing adipose tissue from the body |
| US5224174A (en) * | 1990-11-07 | 1993-06-29 | Niagara Technology Incorporated | Surface feature mapping using high resolution c-scan ultrasonography |
| DE4310390C2 (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1995-03-16 | Topping Best Ltd | Ultrasound imaging device for detecting and / or identifying surface structures and structures close to the surface |
| US5647364A (en) * | 1995-02-15 | 1997-07-15 | Ultra-Scan Corporation | Ultrasonic biometric imaging and identity verification system |
| US5709206A (en) * | 1995-11-27 | 1998-01-20 | Teboul; Michel | Imaging system for breast sonography |
-
1997
- 1997-03-21 CN CNB971906750A patent/CN1155335C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-21 WO PCT/DE1997/000585 patent/WO1997037592A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-03-21 ES ES97916354T patent/ES2210512T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-21 EP EP97916354A patent/EP0833587B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-21 MX MX9710027A patent/MX9710027A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-21 DE DE59710883T patent/DE59710883D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-21 IN IN514CA1997 patent/IN191434B/en unknown
- 1997-03-21 JP JP9535731A patent/JP3065356B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-21 AT AT97916354T patent/AT252344T/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-04-29 US US09/301,448 patent/US6228029B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX9710027A (en) | 1998-03-31 |
| ES2210512T3 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
| IN191434B (en) | 2003-12-06 |
| DE59710883D1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
| JP3065356B2 (en) | 2000-07-17 |
| CN1195278A (en) | 1998-10-07 |
| CN1155335C (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| AT252344T (en) | 2003-11-15 |
| US6228029B1 (en) | 2001-05-08 |
| JPH10507679A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
| EP0833587A1 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
| WO1997037592A1 (en) | 1997-10-16 |
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