EP0814928A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einfüllen metallischer schmelze in eine kokille - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einfüllen metallischer schmelze in eine kokilleInfo
- Publication number
- EP0814928A1 EP0814928A1 EP96905732A EP96905732A EP0814928A1 EP 0814928 A1 EP0814928 A1 EP 0814928A1 EP 96905732 A EP96905732 A EP 96905732A EP 96905732 A EP96905732 A EP 96905732A EP 0814928 A1 EP0814928 A1 EP 0814928A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- melt
- casting
- metal strands
- lubricant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/07—Lubricating the moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/113—Treating the molten metal by vacuum treating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for pouring metallic melt, in particular steel, via an intermediate vessel provided with a submerged spout into a vertically oscillating mold for producing endless strands, and a device required for this purpose for casting metal strands, in particular thin slabs of steel, the intermediate vessel being an open first chamber has, into which molten metal is fed from a ladle and which has a closed second chamber connected to a vacuum device, in the bottom of which an immersion tube is provided which projects into the vertically oscillatable mold
- EP 0 410 273 discloses a container with a first chamber, open to atmospheric pressure, for receiving molten material and a second chamber for dispensing metal connected to it via a wall provided with an opening, the second chamber being sealed and connected to a vacuum device, to thereby set a higher metal level in the second chamber than in the first chamber.
- an outlet not described in more detail, which can be closed by a valve
- the invention has set itself the goal of creating a method and a device which enables the metal melt to be poured into the mold free of flow and free of kinetic energy
- the hydraulic height of the supplied melt is set. And the melt leaving the intermediate vessel is isokinetically fed to the liquid part of the steel strand.
- the setting of the hydraulic height between 50 and 600 mm above the level of the melt located in the mold is achieved once, on a two-chamber intermediate vessel, a negative pressure is exerted on the surface of the melt in the second chamber, to an extent such that the level of the surface of the melt in the intermediate vessel exposed to the atmosphere is slightly above that in the
- the mold level is set
- the inflowing amount of the liquid metal is adjusted so that it corresponds to the withdrawn amount of the plate-rigid strand.
- This method avoids the usual pouring stream that penetrates into the liquid strand core. This has the particular advantage that a completely flat one
- the cross-sectional areas of the immersion pouring tube and the mold are selected so that the ring surface exposed to the atmosphere has a constant width regardless of the level. Measures to influence the lubricant can advantageously be carried out. This includes in particular simple heating of the lubricant and targeted metering.
- the mouth of the immersion pouring tube has a cross-sectional area that is not less than 0.3 times the inner cross section of the passage area of the mold.
- the lubricant can also be heated by external energy. So it is proposed to use a laser. the laser beam of which is guided on the surface in a controllable manner and thus emits exactly the required thermal energy.
- the immersion pouring tube according to the invention can be used for any formats such as round, billets or slabs. It is also particularly suitable for thin slabs with dimensions such as 60 mm x 1,500 mm.
- FIG. 1 Section through the pouring device with an open vessel Figure 3 Section and top view through the immersion pouring tube and the mold.
- melt S flows from a ladle 11 into a first chamber 13 of an intermediate vessel 12.
- the first chamber 13 is separated from a second chamber 14 by a partition 15.
- the second chamber 14 can be closed in a gas-tight manner and is connected to a pump 31 of a vacuum device via a connecting pipe 32.
- the melt in the chamber 14 is raised so high that a level P13 is established in the first chamber 13 which is only slightly above the level P41 of the melt located in the mold 41.
- the mouth 27 is immersed in the melt S located in the mold 41
- a lubricant G can be fed to the annular surface of the melt S in the mold 41, which is connected to the atmosphere, via feed lines 53 provided with nozzles 52 from a lubricant container 55 to a lubricant supply 51
- thermal energy can be introduced onto the surface of the ring surface of the melt S in the mold 41 via a heating device 61, for example by means of a laser 62.
- the at least partially solidified strand E is demanded from the oscillating mold 41 via continuous casting rollers 43.
- FIG. 2 shows a casting device with melt feed and strand removal identical to FIG. 1, but with a casting vessel 12 which has only one chamber, is open at the top.
- An immersion pouring tube 21 is fastened to the bottom of the casting vessel 12.
- the inlet opening to the immersion pouring tube 21 can be shut off by a closing element 16, here by a stopper rod 17.
- a closing element 16 here by a stopper rod 17.
- a suction pipe 18 is connected to the immersion pouring tube 21 and is connected to an extraction device 19.
- the internal pressure of the immersion pouring tube 21 is influenced in such a way that the flow thread of the supplied melt always has positive pressure.
- 3 shows in the upper part a section of the immersion tube 21, the mouth 27 of which dips into the melt S located in the mold 41. Furthermore, the gradually forming strand shell of the solidifying strand E is shown. The arrows show the direction and size of the flow rate of the liquid metal
- a lubricant G is fed in via nozzles 52 which are arranged on feed lines 53.
- a mold powder is usually used
- a heating device 61 here as a laser device 62, applies thermal energy to the ring surface of the melt S which is formed between the immersion tube 21 and the mold 41 and which is covered with casting powder
- a top view of the mold 41 is shown in the section AA.
- the mold 41 is a slab that passes through the mold
- the sides 44 to 47 enclose a cross-sectional area AK of the mold 41
- a dip tube 21 with the broad sides 22 24 and the long sides 23, 25 with a free inner surface vcn Aj is immersed in this interior
- the corners 26 of the dip tube 21 are rounded, namely in a radius r that is greater than a quarter of the width of the dip tube B.
- Nozzles run into the annular space formed by the dip tube 21 and the mold 41
- dosing devices 54 can be connected to different numbers of supply lines 53. The possibilities are shown with one, two, three and a larger number of supply lines 53 Position list
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19512209 | 1995-03-21 | ||
DE19512209A DE19512209C1 (de) | 1995-03-21 | 1995-03-21 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einfüllen metallischer Schmelze in eine Kokille |
PCT/DE1996/000460 WO1996029164A1 (de) | 1995-03-21 | 1996-03-11 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einfüllen metallischer schmelze in eine kokille |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0814928A1 true EP0814928A1 (de) | 1998-01-07 |
EP0814928B1 EP0814928B1 (de) | 2001-07-25 |
Family
ID=7758506
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96905732A Expired - Lifetime EP0814928B1 (de) | 1995-03-21 | 1996-03-11 | Verfahren zum einfüllen metallischer schmelze in eine kokille |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6070649A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0814928B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3061641B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100265206B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1084233C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE203438T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU4938296A (de) |
BR (1) | BR9607672A (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ295697A3 (de) |
DE (3) | DE19512209C1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2146576C1 (de) |
TR (1) | TR199600174A2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996029164A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA962279B (de) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2763524A1 (fr) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-11-27 | Vesuvius France Sa | Installation pour la coulee continue d'un metal liquide, et organe pour cette installation |
DE19823361A1 (de) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-25 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abziehen eines Metallstranges |
KR20020051088A (ko) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-28 | 이구택 | 연속주조용 용융금속 공급장치 및 그 방법 |
KR100807681B1 (ko) * | 2001-08-23 | 2008-02-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | 연속주조시 용강 공급장치 및 그 방법 |
AT412149B (de) * | 2002-04-22 | 2004-10-25 | Arc Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen Gmbh | Giesseinrichtung für leichtmetall |
NO320254B1 (no) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-11-14 | Norsk Hydro As | Metode og utstyr for kontinuerlig eller semikontinuerlig stoping av metall |
US20050045303A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-03 | Jfe Steel Corporation, A Corporation Of Japan | Method for producing ultra low carbon steel slab |
EP1759781B1 (de) * | 2004-05-28 | 2011-07-06 | NGK Insulators, Ltd. | Verfahren zur herstellung von metallglas |
NO333512B1 (no) * | 2007-12-03 | 2013-06-24 | Norsk Hydro As | Anordning ved utstyr for kontinuerlig eller semi-kontinuerlig stoping av metall |
WO2011102748A1 (ru) * | 2010-02-19 | 2011-08-25 | Kobzar-Dernovskiy Vladimir Evgenjevich | Способ и устройство производства стали и ее непрерывной разливки |
RU2012126008A (ru) * | 2012-06-22 | 2013-12-27 | Владимир Евгеньевич Кобзарь-Дерновский | Сталькомбайн "комкоб" кобзарь-дерновского для непрерывной ковшевой металлургии без зависомости от металлолома |
CN102806329A (zh) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-12-05 | 南昌大学 | 一种可进行半固态加工的有色合金连续铸胚系统 |
NO341337B1 (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-10-16 | Norsk Hydro As | Equipment for continuous or semi-continuous casting of metal with improved metal filling arrangement |
CN105458239B (zh) * | 2016-01-07 | 2017-12-08 | 山东亨圆铜业有限公司 | 一种浇包应急装置及应急方法 |
US10478890B1 (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2019-11-19 | Nucor Corporation | Methods of billet casting |
CN106111934A (zh) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | 一种轻金属合金高速浇铸凝固成形装置及方法 |
WO2022029301A1 (de) | 2020-08-06 | 2022-02-10 | Sms Group Gmbh | ANLAGE ZUM CHARGIEREN, SCHMELZEN UND GIEßEN VON METALL UND METALLLEGIERUNGEN UNTER VAKUUM UND/ODER SCHUTZGASATMOSPHÄRE, VORRICHTUNG ZUM ABDICHTEN EINER VAKUUM-INDUKTIONS-GIEßEINRICHTUNG SOWIE VERFAHREN ZUM QUASI KONTINUIERLICHEN SCHMELZEN UND GIEßEN VON METALL UNTER VAKUUM UND/ODER SCHUTZGASATMOSPHÄRE |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1140675B (de) * | 1957-10-14 | 1962-12-06 | Rheinstahl Eisenwerke Gelsenki | Zufuehrungsgefaess zum selbsttaetigen Zufuehren des Giesswerkstoffes beim Stranggiessen |
FR1290962A (fr) * | 1961-03-08 | 1962-04-20 | Loire Atel Forges | Perfectionnements à l'alimentation des lingotières en coulée continue |
SE356914B (de) * | 1969-04-15 | 1973-06-12 | Voest Ag | |
DE2105881B2 (de) * | 1971-02-01 | 1974-04-04 | Mannesmann Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Einleiten einer Schmelze in eine Stranggießkokille |
JPS5835051A (ja) * | 1981-08-26 | 1983-03-01 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 連続鋳造機におけるタンデイツシユ |
GB2234261B (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1993-09-22 | British Steel Plc | Liquid metal processing |
DE4006842A1 (de) * | 1990-03-05 | 1991-09-12 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Bandgiessanlage mit oszillierender durchlaufkokille |
DE4319966A1 (de) * | 1993-06-17 | 1994-12-22 | Didier Werke Ag | Eintauchausguß |
US5622218A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1997-04-22 | Hylsa S.A. De C.V. | Method and apparatus for continuous casting of steel materials |
-
1995
- 1995-03-21 DE DE19512209A patent/DE19512209C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-03-05 TR TR96/00174A patent/TR199600174A2/xx unknown
- 1996-03-11 WO PCT/DE1996/000460 patent/WO1996029164A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-03-11 AT AT96905732T patent/ATE203438T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-11 DE DE59607366T patent/DE59607366D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-11 JP JP8527975A patent/JP3061641B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-11 US US08/913,752 patent/US6070649A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-11 CZ CZ972956A patent/CZ295697A3/cs unknown
- 1996-03-11 EP EP96905732A patent/EP0814928B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-11 RU RU97117342/02A patent/RU2146576C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-11 DE DE19680154T patent/DE19680154D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-11 KR KR1019970705725A patent/KR100265206B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-11 CN CN96192704A patent/CN1084233C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-11 BR BR9607672A patent/BR9607672A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-11 AU AU49382/96A patent/AU4938296A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-20 ZA ZA962279A patent/ZA962279B/xx unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9629164A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9607672A (pt) | 1998-06-16 |
EP0814928B1 (de) | 2001-07-25 |
JPH10510476A (ja) | 1998-10-13 |
ATE203438T1 (de) | 2001-08-15 |
AU4938296A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
DE19680154D2 (de) | 1998-05-07 |
KR19980702328A (ko) | 1998-07-15 |
DE19512209C1 (de) | 1996-07-18 |
CZ295697A3 (cs) | 1998-01-14 |
WO1996029164A1 (de) | 1996-09-26 |
JP3061641B2 (ja) | 2000-07-10 |
ZA962279B (en) | 1996-10-07 |
US6070649A (en) | 2000-06-06 |
TR199600174A2 (tr) | 1996-10-21 |
RU2146576C1 (ru) | 2000-03-20 |
DE59607366D1 (de) | 2001-08-30 |
CN1179121A (zh) | 1998-04-15 |
CN1084233C (zh) | 2002-05-08 |
KR100265206B1 (ko) | 2000-09-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE19512209C1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einfüllen metallischer Schmelze in eine Kokille | |
DE4142447C2 (de) | Tauchgießrohr - Dünnbramme | |
EP0035675B2 (de) | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Horizontalstranggiessen von flüssigen Metallen, insbesondere von Stahl | |
WO1988006932A1 (en) | Immersion nozzle for metallurgical recipients | |
DE69503643T2 (de) | Anordnung zur durchflussregelung eines ausgusses in einem metallurgischen behälter | |
DE2428120C3 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Einleiten von Gas in die Durchflußöffnung eines mit einem Schieberverschluß versehenen Gießgefäßes | |
DE3850464T2 (de) | Giessverfahren für eine Stranggiessvorrichtung mit reduzierter Bauhöhe und entsprechender Tauchausguss. | |
DE2621557A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum schutz eines fluessigen giesstrahles beim giessen von metall | |
EP0137315B1 (de) | Verfahren und Anlage zum Herstellen von hochreinen Legierungen | |
EP1042087B1 (de) | Einrichtung zur zuführung von metallschmelze | |
DE4116723C1 (en) | Immersion tundish outlet giving quiescent melt flow into mould - includes channel with nozzle shape at inlet to receive stopper, with narrowest section at transition to channel | |
DE10195658B4 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zuführen von geschmolzenem Metall in eine Form beim Stranggießen | |
DE2548585A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum stranggiessen von stahl | |
DE3136847C1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Horizontalstranggiessen von fluessigen Metallen,insbesondere von Stahl | |
DE2361344C3 (de) | Verfahren beim Eingießen von Metall in eine Stranggießkokille | |
DE3331575C2 (de) | Verfahren zum Bogenstranggießen von Metall, insbesondere von Stahl | |
DE8233113U1 (de) | Schwimmer fuer metallschmelzen | |
WO1998055250A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erzeugen von brammen | |
EP1453626B1 (de) | Zwischengefäss zur herstellung eines metallstranges hoher reinheit | |
DE69214067T2 (de) | Steigender Guss mit geregelter Formfüllung und Form für genanntes Verfahren | |
DE19815007C2 (de) | Gießverfahren für einen Metallstrang | |
DE3301881C2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Horizontalstranggießen, insbesondere von Stahl | |
CH620383A5 (en) | Method and apparatus for continuous casting | |
DE4325432A1 (de) | Regelsystem für eine Waagerecht-Strangguß-Anlage mit einem als Druckkammer ausgebildeten Warmhaltegefäß | |
DE2830523C2 (de) | Verfahren zum Gießen eines Metallblocks in einer Kokille und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19970908 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19980618 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SMS DEMAG AG |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: METHOD FOR POURING A METAL MELT INTO A MOULD |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 203438 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20010815 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20010726 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59607366 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20010830 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20020222 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20020228 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20020307 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20020309 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20020315 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20020322 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030311 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030311 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030331 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *SMS DEMAG A.G. Effective date: 20030331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031001 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031001 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20030311 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031127 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20031001 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050311 |