EP0811106B1 - Method of inserting a pipe into the ground - Google Patents

Method of inserting a pipe into the ground Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0811106B1
EP0811106B1 EP96905690A EP96905690A EP0811106B1 EP 0811106 B1 EP0811106 B1 EP 0811106B1 EP 96905690 A EP96905690 A EP 96905690A EP 96905690 A EP96905690 A EP 96905690A EP 0811106 B1 EP0811106 B1 EP 0811106B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe
flushing
nozzles
ground
flushing head
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EP96905690A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0811106A1 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Schwert
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Individual
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/18Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the pipe as a drinking water pipe To be used, it must have a cement lining receive. If this lining by oil is contaminated, it is for the drinking water pipe unusable. Therefore, the pipes, when under Using this known method, only after placing it in the ground with cement to be lined. This measure is very complex. Finally, the rinsing head is through use the laser measuring arrangement and by the hydraulic Control device complicated and therefore vulnerable and associated with high manufacturing costs.
  • the flushing head does not need to be controlled be and the tube that is essential to tensile forces is more resistant than compressive forces, can be made relatively thin-walled.
  • a pipe 1 from a pipe construction pit 2 to a target pit 3 through the intervening Soil 4 can be pulled.
  • the pilot linkage has a diameter for example in the range of 90 to 130 mm.
  • a pulling device 5 which is a hydraulically operated cylinder / piston arrangement may have coupled.
  • On the still in the Pipe pit 2 protruding the other end of the pilot linkage can be a tension element in the form of a rod, chain or a rope that can then be attached using the pulling device 5 pulled to the target pit 3 becomes.
  • That whirled up by the rinsing liquid in the rinsing head Soil is from this through the hose 8th dissipated and in a along the pipe pit 2 extending inclined gutter 12 drained from the the flushing liquid contaminated with the soil in a container 13 flows. From this it becomes by means of a pump 14 pumped into a settling tank 15, in which the carried earth settles on and off from which this and the rinsing liquid are removed separately can be.
  • the rinsing liquid can after filtering can be returned to the container 10, so that the consumption of rinsing liquid is minimized becomes.
  • the channel 12 is preferably self-cleaning Channel formed, that is, on its upper There are flushing nozzles on the edge, any in the gutter Rinse 12 settled soil into container 13.
  • hose line 8 can be static self-supporting tubular body can be used. That applies especially if 1 for longer pipes Improved drainage of rinsed liquid from the rear end of tube 1 Vacuum suction takes place. Due to the rigidity of the self-supporting tubular body is prevented from it collapses due to the negative pressure.
  • the tube 1 is mounted on rollers 16, such Roll preferably also to the side of the tube 1 are arranged so that it is drawn into the ground guided both in height and laterally becomes.
  • FIG. 2 shows the coupling piece 6 in the form of a drawing star, which is rigidly connected to the flushing head 17. From a tie rod 18 (pilot linkage or tension element) are the tensile forces exerted by the pulling device 5 via a sleeve 19 in the drawing star 6 and then transferred into a cutting shoe 20 of the rinsing head 17.
  • the drawing star 6 is preferably with six arms equipped to overcome major obstacles such as roots and To be able to reject stones. To this end, the Arms an overcut 21 opposite the cutting shoe 20 to be able to push roots away, for example, without these being supported on the cutting shoe 20 can.
  • Flushing head 17 To improve and stabilize the management of the Flushing head 17 is a guide sleeve on the tie rod 18 22 with a the diameter of the pilot bore corresponding outer diameter arranged.
  • a stone trap 24 and baffles 25 for the introduction the flushing liquid carrying the detached earth into the hose line 8.
  • a television camera 26 is provided with which Inside the rinsing chamber 23 can be observed. Especially should be determined with the help of the television camera 26 whether there is an overwash, so that appropriate countermeasures are taken can. In order to carry out a perfect observation, it may be beneficial to take a short time instead of compressed air from flushing liquid, which the Presses rinsing liquid out of the rinsing chamber 23 and so ensures a clear view.
  • One of the nozzles to be described on the front of the TV camera 26 be directed to clean them.
  • the hose line 7 is with an outer annular space 27 of the flushing head 17 connected (Fig. 3), via which the Rinsing liquid is fed to nozzles 28, 29 and 30.
  • the nozzles 28 are radially inward, the nozzles 29 radially inwards at an angle of 30 ° forward and the nozzles 30 directed axially forward.
  • the radial nozzles 28 serve the loose sand bottom, the is compressed by the cutting shoe 20 for Mix this floor with the rinsing liquid for removal via the hose line 8.
  • the obliquely arranged nozzles 29 lay on firmer sandy soils a cavity free that the cutting shoe 20th relieved. The size of this cavity can be about Pressure of the rinsing liquid can be set.
  • the respective nozzles 28 and 29 are slightly against each other pivoted so that their rinsing liquid jets do not meet in the middle of the rinsing chamber 23. This allows the rays to cross the central axis go out of the rinsing chamber 23 and thus a develop greater effectiveness.
  • the axial nozzles 30 effect a pre-cut on cohesive soil, while the dissolving and mixing of the earth largely from the Nozzles 29 and 28 is adopted.
  • the nozzles 30 and possibly also the Nozzles 29 are closed.
  • radially inwardly directed nozzles 43 those for loosening the dishes before the inlet end the hose line 8 are provided.
  • the annular space 27 can be divided in this way be that the nozzles 28, 29 and 30 depending on the nature of the soil be fed separately rinsing liquid can. In this case there are several hose lines 7 or a corresponding distributor between the hose 7 and the annular space 27 required.
  • the should on the Coupling piece 6 exerted tensile force can be measured, and, if the tensile force falls below a predetermined value, throttled the supply of rinsing liquid or even be stopped entirely.
  • annular one Welded socket 32 On the rear wall 31 of the flushing head 17 there is an annular one Welded socket 32, the one with the rear End of the outer wall of the flushing head 17 an annular channel 33 forms.
  • this ring channel can also through the pipe 1 line 34 and via an opening 35 in the nozzle 32 bentonite or other lubricant can be introduced that over a plurality of small axial openings 36 in the Space between the pipe 1 and the ground 4 exit.
  • the lubricant sets the frictional force between pipe 1 and soil 4 and is therefore especially with longer pipes or from several pipes existing pipe runs or very solid ground used.
  • hose lines 7, 8 and 34 as well as any electrical lines within the To surround tube 1 with an additional cladding tube, to avoid that the usually dirty Lines in contact with the inner wall of tube 1 come.
  • the flushing head shown in FIG. 5 serves in particular for inserting pipes into cohesive, i.e. sound or loamy soils.
  • the drawing star is 6 ' withdrawn behind the face so that from nozzles 29 'and 30' flushing liquid escaping under high pressure the soil has already been broken up before it reaches the Ziehstern 6 'is cut. This will make the Pulling forces reduced.
  • the nozzles 30 ' are horizontal forward and the nozzles 29 'inwards and forwards directed.
  • In the direction of drawing behind the drawing star 6 ' is concentric to the central axis of the flushing head a rotating nozzle body 44 with each several radially outward and forward Nozzles 45 and only directed radially outwards Nozzles 46.
  • the flushing head optionally also without the nozzle body 44 and optionally the nozzles 29 'and 30' are operated.
  • the method according to the invention cannot only be used for Pulling in pipes, but also for replacement of pipes with a small diameter (e.g. 100 mm) those with a large diameter (e.g. 400 mm) are used become.
  • the tie rod 18 by the tube with a small diameter to be replaced and then through a positive connection between the end face of this tube and the tie rod pushing the pipe out of the ground while at the same time the new pipe with a large diameter is pulled out upstream of the flushing head.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es ist bekannt, Rohre mit Hilfe eines vor dem jeweiligen Rohr angeordneten Spülkopfes horizontal in das Erdreich einzubringen. Der Spülkopf ist mit Hilfe einer Laser-Meßanordnung hydraulisch steuerbar und bestimmt die Richtung des Rohrvorschubs. Das Rohr mit dem aufgesetzten Spülkopf wird von hinten in das Erdreich hineingedrückt. Der Spülkopf bewirkt eine Freispülung des von dem Rohr benötigten Raumes, so daß das Eindringen in das Erdreich erleichtert wird. Dieses bekannte Verfahren hat jedoch verschiedene Nachteile. So müssen die Rohre, um der Druckbeanspruchung zu widerstehen, als spezielle Preßrohre mit einer relativ großen Wandstärke ausgebildet werden. Da die Hydraulikleitungen zum Steuern des Spülkopfes durch das Rohr geführt werden, besteht die Gefahr, daß bei einer Undichtigkeit dieser Leitungen Hydrauliköl in das Rohr gelangt. Wenn das Rohr als Trinkwasserleitung verwendet werden soll, muß es eine Zementauskleidung erhalten. Wenn diese Auskleidung durch Öl verunreinigt wird, ist sie für die Trinkwasserleitung unbrauchbar. Daher müssen die Rohre, wenn sie unter Anwendung dieses bekannten Verfahrens verlegt wurden, erst nach dem Einbringen in das Erdreich mit Zement ausgekleidet werden. Diese Maßnahme ist sehr aufwendig. Schließlich ist der Spülkopf durch die Verwendung der Laser-Meßanordnung und durch die hydraulische Steuervorrichtung kompliziert und daher anfällig sowie mit hohen Herstellungskosten verbunden.It is known to use pipes in front of each Pipe arranged flushing head horizontally in that Bring in soil. The rinsing head is with the help a laser measuring arrangement hydraulically controllable and determines the direction of the pipe feed. The pipe with the rinsing head is placed in the ground from behind pushed in. The flushing head causes a flushing out of the space required by the pipe so that penetration into the ground is facilitated. This However, known methods have several disadvantages. So the pipes have to withstand the pressure to withstand as special press tubes with a relatively large wall thickness are formed. Since the Hydraulic lines to control the flushing head the pipe are guided, there is a risk that at a leak in these lines hydraulic oil the pipe arrives. If the pipe as a drinking water pipe To be used, it must have a cement lining receive. If this lining by oil is contaminated, it is for the drinking water pipe unusable. Therefore, the pipes, when under Using this known method, only after placing it in the ground with cement to be lined. This measure is very complex. Finally, the rinsing head is through use the laser measuring arrangement and by the hydraulic Control device complicated and therefore vulnerable and associated with high manufacturing costs.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, das bekannte Verfahren zum Einbringen eines Rohres in das Erdreich zwischen zwei unterhalb der Erdoberfläche liegenden, von dieser aus zugänglichen Gruben, bei dem ein in Bewegungsrichtung vor dem Rohr angeordneter Spülkopf den für das Rohr benötigten Raum mittels einer unter Druck in das Erdreich eingebrachten Spülflüssigkeit freispült und die Spülflüssigkeit mit dem Spülgut entgegen der Bewegungsrichtung durch das Rohr abgeführt wird, so zu verbessern, daß Rohre mit geringerer Wandstärke eingebracht werden können, daß bereits mit einer Zementauskleidung versehene Rohre verlegt werden können und daß das Verfahren insgesamt sehr einfach und kostengünstig durchzuführen ist.It is therefore the object of the present invention the known method for inserting a tube in the soil between two below the surface of the earth lying pits accessible from it, in which one arranged in the direction of movement in front of the pipe Rinsing head the space required for the pipe by means of a pressurized soil Flushing liquid and the flushing liquid with the dishes against the direction of movement the pipe is drained so that pipes improve can be installed with less wall thickness, that already provided with a cement lining Pipes can be laid and that the process overall very easy and inexpensive to perform is.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. This object is achieved by the specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 Characteristics. Advantageous further developments of the invention Procedures result from the subclaims.

Dadurch, daß in der geplanten Trasse des einzubringenden Rohres das Erdreich mit einem gesteuerten Pilotgestänge durchbohrt wird und anschließend das Rohr mit dem Spülkopf über das Pilotgestänge oder einen an dieses angehängten Zugstab mittels einer in der einen Grube angeordneten Ziehvorrichtung durch das Erdreich gezogen wird, braucht der Spülkopf nicht gesteuert zu werden und das Rohr, das gegenüber Zugkräften wesentlich widerstandsfähiger ist als gegenüber Druckkräften, kann relativ dünnwandig ausgebildet sein.Because in the planned route of the to be brought in Rohres the soil with a controlled pilot linkage is pierced and then the pipe with the flushing head over the pilot linkage or one this attached tension rod by means of one in one Pit arranged pulling device through the soil is pulled, the flushing head does not need to be controlled be and the tube that is essential to tensile forces is more resistant than compressive forces, can be made relatively thin-walled.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Darstellung zur Erläuterung des Verfahrensablaufs,
Fig. 2
die Verbindung zwischen dem Pilotgestänge und dem einzuziehenden Rohr in Schnittdarstellung,
Fig. 3
den Spülkopf in Schnittdarstellung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
Fig. 4
die Hinteransicht des Spülkopfes nach Fig. 3 und
Fig. 5
eine schematische Schnittdarstellung des Spülkopfes gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. Show it:
Fig. 1
a representation to explain the procedure,
Fig. 2
the connection between the pilot linkage and the pipe to be drawn in in a sectional view,
Fig. 3
the flushing head in a sectional view according to a first embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 4
the rear view of the flushing head according to Fig. 3 and
Fig. 5
is a schematic sectional view of the flushing head according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Gemäß Fig. 1 soll ein Rohr 1 von einer Rohrbaugrube 2 zu einer Zielbaugrube 3 durch das dazwischenliegende Erdreich 4 gezogen werden. Dazu wird zunächst ein bekanntes, nicht dargestelltes steuerbares Pilotgestänge von der Rohrbaugrube 2 aus entlang der Trasse, die für das Rohr 1 vorgesehen ist, zur Zielbaugrube 3 vorgeschoben. Das Pilotgestänge hat einen Durchmesser beispielsweise im Bereich von 90 bis 130 mm. Nachdem die Spitze des Pilotgestänges in der Zielbaugrube 3 angekommen ist, wird es mit einer Ziehvorrichtung 5, die eine hydraulisch betriebene Zylinder/Kolbenanordnung aufweisen kann, gekoppelt. An dem noch in die Rohrbaugrube 2 ragenden anderen Ende des Pilotgestänges kann ein Zugelement in Form einer Stange, Kette oder eines Seils befestigt werden, das dann mittels der Ziehvorrichtung 5 zur Zielbaugrube 3 gezogen wird. Wird keine derartige Zugstange verwendet, dann wird ein Kopplungsstück 6 in der Zielbaugrube 3 direkt mit dem Pilotgestänge verbunden; anderenfalls erfolgt diese Verbindung zwischen der Zugstange und dem Kopplungsstück 6. Das Kopplungsstück 6 ist über einen in Fig. 1 nicht näher dargestellten Spülkopf fest mit dem einzuziehenden Rohr 1 verbunden. Durch das Rohr 1 sind Schlauchleitungen 7 und 8 für die Zuund Abfuhr von Spülflüssigkeit zum bzw. vom Spülkopf geführt. Die Spülflüssigkeit, üblicherweise Wasser, wird aus einem Hydranten 9 entnommen und in einen Behälter 10 geleitet. Aus diesem wird es von einer Pumpe 11 entnommen und unter hohem Druck durch die Schlauchleitung 7 zum Spülkopf befördert.1, a pipe 1 from a pipe construction pit 2 to a target pit 3 through the intervening Soil 4 can be pulled. To do this, first a known, not shown controllable pilot linkage from the pipe pit 2 along the route, that is provided for the pipe 1, to the target pit 3 advanced. The pilot linkage has a diameter for example in the range of 90 to 130 mm. After this the tip of the pilot rod in the target pit 3 has arrived, it is pulled with a pulling device 5, which is a hydraulically operated cylinder / piston arrangement may have coupled. On the still in the Pipe pit 2 protruding the other end of the pilot linkage can be a tension element in the form of a rod, chain or a rope that can then be attached using the pulling device 5 pulled to the target pit 3 becomes. If no such pull rod is used, then becomes a coupling piece 6 in the target pit 3 directly connected to the pilot linkage; otherwise this connection between the tie rod and the coupling piece 6. The coupling piece 6 is over a rinsing head not shown in Fig. 1 firmly connected to the pipe 1 to be drawn. By the tube 1 are hose lines 7 and 8 for the Zuund Removal of rinsing liquid to and from the rinsing head guided. The rinsing liquid, usually water, is removed from a hydrant 9 and into a Container 10 passed. For this it becomes one Pump 11 removed and under high pressure by the Hose line 7 transported to the flushing head.

Das von der Spülflüssigkeit im Spülkopf aufgewirbelte Erdreich wird von dieser durch die Schlauchleitung 8 abgeführt und in eine sich längs der Rohrbaugrube 2 erstreckende geneigte Rinne 12 abgelassen, aus der die mit dem Erdreich belastete Spülflüssigkeit in einen Behälter 13 fließt. Aus diesem wird sie mittels einer Pumpe 14 in ein Absetzbecken 15 gepumpt, in welchem sich die mitgeführte Erde absetzt und aus welchem diese sowie die Spülflüssigkeit getrennt entnommen werden können. Die Spülflüssigkeit kann nach einer Filterung in den Behälter 10 zurückgeführt werden, so daß der Verbrauch an Spülflüssigkeit minimiert wird. Die Rinne 12 ist vorzugsweise als selbstspülende Rinne ausgebildet, das heißt an ihrem oberen Rand befinden sich Spüldüsen, die etwaige in der Rinne 12 abgesetzte Erde in den Behälter 13 spülen.That whirled up by the rinsing liquid in the rinsing head Soil is from this through the hose 8th dissipated and in a along the pipe pit 2 extending inclined gutter 12 drained from the the flushing liquid contaminated with the soil in a container 13 flows. From this it becomes by means of a pump 14 pumped into a settling tank 15, in which the carried earth settles on and off from which this and the rinsing liquid are removed separately can be. The rinsing liquid can after filtering can be returned to the container 10, so that the consumption of rinsing liquid is minimized becomes. The channel 12 is preferably self-cleaning Channel formed, that is, on its upper There are flushing nozzles on the edge, any in the gutter Rinse 12 settled soil into container 13.

Anstelle der Schlauchleitung 8 kann ein sich statisch selbsttragender Rohrkörper verwendet werden. Das gilt insbesondere dann, wenn bei längeren Rohren 1 zur Verbesserung der Abführung mit Erde versetzten Spülflüssigkeit vom hinteren Ende des Rohres 1 aus eine Vakuumabsaugung erfolgt. Durch die Steifigkeit des selbsttragenden Rohrkörpers wird verhindert, daß er durch den Unterdruck zusammenfällt.Instead of the hose line 8 can be static self-supporting tubular body can be used. That applies especially if 1 for longer pipes Improved drainage of rinsed liquid from the rear end of tube 1 Vacuum suction takes place. Due to the rigidity of the self-supporting tubular body is prevented from it collapses due to the negative pressure.

Das Rohr 1 ist auf Rollen 16 gelagert, wobei derartige Rollen vorzugsweise auch seitlich des Rohres 1 angeordnet sind, so daß es beim Einziehen in das Erdreich sowohl in der Höhe als auch seitlich geführt wird.The tube 1 is mounted on rollers 16, such Roll preferably also to the side of the tube 1 are arranged so that it is drawn into the ground guided both in height and laterally becomes.

Da das Rohr 1 beim Vorziehen zum Verdrehen neigt, kann am Ende des Rohres 1 ein radial nach außen vorstehender Ansatz befestigt, vorzugsweise angeschweißt werden, der in eine Längsnut eingreift, so daß sich das Rohr 1 nicht verdrehen kann.Since the pipe 1 tends to twist when it is pulled forward, can at the end of the tube 1 a radially projecting outward Attachment attached, preferably welded be, which engages in a longitudinal groove, so that the pipe 1 can not twist.

Nach der Ankopplung des Rohres 1 an das Pilotgestänge bzw. das Zugelemenet wird es von der Ziehvorrichtung 5 in das Erdreich 4 eingezogen, wobei gleichzeitig der Spülkopf das Erdreich vor dem Rohr 1 wegspült. Das Rohr 1 kann daher mit relativ geringer Kraft zur Zielbaugrube 3 hin gezogen werden.After coupling the pipe 1 to the pilot linkage or the Zugelemenet it from the pulling device 5 moved into the ground 4, at the same time the flushing head flushes away the soil in front of pipe 1. The tube 1 can therefore with relatively little force Target pit 3 are pulled out.

Fig. 2 zeigt das Koppelstück 6 in Form eines Ziehsterns, der starr mit dem Spülkopf 17 verbunden ist. Von einem Zuganker 18 (Pilotgestänge oder Zugelement) werden die von der Ziehvorrichtung 5 ausgeübten Zugkräfte über eine Muffe 19 in den Ziehstern 6 und dann in einen Schneidschuh 20 des Spülkopfes 17 übertragen. Der Ziehstern 6 ist vorzugsweise mit sechs Armen ausgestattet, um größere Hindernisse wie Wurzeln und Steine abweisen zu können. Zu diesem Zweck weisen die Arme einen Überschnitt 21 gegenüber dem Schneidschuh 20 auf, um zum Beispiel Wurzeln wegdrücken zu können, ohne daß sich diese auf dem Schneidschuh 20 abstützen können.2 shows the coupling piece 6 in the form of a drawing star, which is rigidly connected to the flushing head 17. From a tie rod 18 (pilot linkage or tension element) are the tensile forces exerted by the pulling device 5 via a sleeve 19 in the drawing star 6 and then transferred into a cutting shoe 20 of the rinsing head 17. The drawing star 6 is preferably with six arms equipped to overcome major obstacles such as roots and To be able to reject stones. To this end, the Arms an overcut 21 opposite the cutting shoe 20 to be able to push roots away, for example, without these being supported on the cutting shoe 20 can.

Zur Verbesserung und Stabilisierung der Führung des Spülkopfes 17 ist auf dem Zuganker 18 eine Führungshülse 22 mit einem dem Durchmesser der Pilotbohrung entsprechenden Außendurchmesser angeordnet.To improve and stabilize the management of the Flushing head 17 is a guide sleeve on the tie rod 18 22 with a the diameter of the pilot bore corresponding outer diameter arranged.

In der Spülkammer 23 des Spülkopfes 17 befinden sich ein Steinfanggitter 24 und Leitbleche 25 für die Einleitung der die losgelöste Erde mitführenden Spülflüssigkeit in die Schlauchleitung 8. Es ist vorzugsweise eine Fernsehkamera 26 vorgesehen, mit der das Innere der Spülkammer 23 beobachtet werden kann. Insbesondere soll mit Hilfe der Fernsehkamera 26 festgestellt werden, ob eine Überspülung stattfindet, so daß entsprechende Gegenmaßnahmen getroffen werden können. Um eine einwandfreie Beobachtung durchzuführen, kann es vorteilhaft sein, kurzzeitig anstelle von Spülflüssigkeit Druckluft zuzuführen, die die Spülflüssigkeit aus der Spülkammer 23 drückt und so eine freie Sicht sicherstellt. Hierzu kann eine der noch zu beschreibenden Düsen auf die Vorderseite der Fernsehkamera 26 gerichtet sein, um diese zu säubern.There are in the rinsing chamber 23 of the rinsing head 17 a stone trap 24 and baffles 25 for the introduction the flushing liquid carrying the detached earth into the hose line 8. It is preferred a television camera 26 is provided with which Inside the rinsing chamber 23 can be observed. Especially should be determined with the help of the television camera 26 whether there is an overwash, so that appropriate countermeasures are taken can. In order to carry out a perfect observation, it may be beneficial to take a short time instead of compressed air from flushing liquid, which the Presses rinsing liquid out of the rinsing chamber 23 and so ensures a clear view. One of the nozzles to be described on the front of the TV camera 26 be directed to clean them.

Die Schlauchleitung 7 ist mit einem äußeren Ringraum 27 des Spülkopfes 17 verbunden (Fig. 3), über den die Spülflüssigkeit zu Düsen 28, 29 und 30 geführt wird. Die Düsen 28 sind radial nach innen, die Düsen 29 radial nach innen unter einem Winkel von 30° nach vorn und die Düsen 30 axial nach vorn gerichtet. Die radialen Düsen 28 dienen bei lockerem Sandboden, der durch den Schneidschuh 20 komprimiert wird, zur Durchmischung dieses Bodens mit der Spülflüssigkeit für den Abtransport über die Schlauchleitung 8. Die schräg angeordneten Düsen 29 legen bei festeren Sandböden einen Hohlraum frei, der den Schneidschuh 20 entlastet. Die Größe dieses Hohlraums kann über den Druck der Spülflüssigkeit eingestellt werden. Die jeweiligen Düsen 28 und 29 sind leicht gegeneinander verschwenkt, so daß deren Spülflüssigkeitsstrahlen nicht in der Mitte der Spülkammer 23 aufeinandertreffen. Hierdurch können die Strahlen über die Mittelachse der Spülkammer 23 hinausgehen und somit eine größere Wirksamkeit entfalten. Die axialen Düsen 30 bewirken bei bindigem Boden einen Vorschnitt, während das Lösen und Vermischen der Erde weitgehend von den Düsen 29 und 28 übernommen wird. Je nach Art des Bodens können die Düsen 30 und gegebenenfalls auch die Düsen 29 geschlossen werden. In der Sohle der Spülkammer 23 befinden sich zwei weitere vom Ringraum 27 ausgehende, radial nach innen gerichtete Düsen 43, die zur Auflockerung des Spülgutes vor dem Einlaßende der Schlauchleitung 8 vorgesehen sind. Damit keine Überspülung vor dem Schneidschuh 20 auftritt, sollten die Düsen 28, 29 und 30 gegenüber der Vorderkante des Schneidschuhs 20 (Ortsbrust) etwa 15 cm zurückversetzt sein. Der Ringraum 27 kann in der Weise geteilt sein, daß den Düsen 28, 29 und 30 je nach Bodenbeschaffenheit getrennt Spülflüssigkeit zugeführt werden kann. Es sind in diesem Fall mehrere Schlauchleitungen 7 oder ein entsprechender Verteiler zwischen der Schlauchleitung 7 und dem Ringraum 27 erforderlich.The hose line 7 is with an outer annular space 27 of the flushing head 17 connected (Fig. 3), via which the Rinsing liquid is fed to nozzles 28, 29 and 30. The nozzles 28 are radially inward, the nozzles 29 radially inwards at an angle of 30 ° forward and the nozzles 30 directed axially forward. The radial nozzles 28 serve the loose sand bottom, the is compressed by the cutting shoe 20 for Mix this floor with the rinsing liquid for removal via the hose line 8. The obliquely arranged nozzles 29 lay on firmer sandy soils a cavity free that the cutting shoe 20th relieved. The size of this cavity can be about Pressure of the rinsing liquid can be set. The respective nozzles 28 and 29 are slightly against each other pivoted so that their rinsing liquid jets do not meet in the middle of the rinsing chamber 23. This allows the rays to cross the central axis go out of the rinsing chamber 23 and thus a develop greater effectiveness. The axial nozzles 30 effect a pre-cut on cohesive soil, while the dissolving and mixing of the earth largely from the Nozzles 29 and 28 is adopted. Depending on the type of floor can the nozzles 30 and possibly also the Nozzles 29 are closed. In the sole of the wash chamber 23 there are two more from the annular space 27 outgoing, radially inwardly directed nozzles 43, those for loosening the dishes before the inlet end the hose line 8 are provided. So that none Flushing occurs before the cutting shoe 20 should the nozzles 28, 29 and 30 opposite the front edge of the Cutting shoe 20 (face) set back about 15 cm be. The annular space 27 can be divided in this way be that the nozzles 28, 29 and 30 depending on the nature of the soil be fed separately rinsing liquid can. In this case there are several hose lines 7 or a corresponding distributor between the hose 7 and the annular space 27 required.

Um eine Überspülung zu vermeiden, sollte die auf das Koppelstück 6 ausgeübte Zugkraft gemessen werden, und, wenn die Zugkraft einen vorgegebenen Wert unterschreitet, die Zufuhr von Spülflüssigkeit gedrosselt oder sogar ganz eingestellt werden.In order to avoid overwashing, the should on the Coupling piece 6 exerted tensile force can be measured, and, if the tensile force falls below a predetermined value, throttled the supply of rinsing liquid or even be stopped entirely.

An die Hinterwand 31 des Spülkopfes 17 ist ein ringförmiger Stutzen 32 angeschweißt, der mit dem hinteren Ende der Außenwand des Spülkopfes 17 einen Ringkanal 33 bildet. In diesen Ringkanal kann über eine ebenfalls durch das Rohr 1 geführte Leitung 34 sowie über eine Öffnung 35 im Stutzen 32 Bentonit oder ein anderes Schmiermittel eingebracht werden, das über eine Vielzahl kleiner axialer Öffnungen 36 in den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Rohr 1 und dem Erdreich 4 austritt. Das Schmiermittel setzt die Reibungskraft zwischen Rohr 1 und Erdreich 4 herab und wird daher besonders bei längeren Rohren oder aus mehreren Rohren bestehenden Rohrstrecken oder sehr festem Boden eingesetzt.On the rear wall 31 of the flushing head 17 there is an annular one Welded socket 32, the one with the rear End of the outer wall of the flushing head 17 an annular channel 33 forms. In this ring channel can also through the pipe 1 line 34 and via an opening 35 in the nozzle 32 bentonite or other lubricant can be introduced that over a plurality of small axial openings 36 in the Space between the pipe 1 and the ground 4 exit. The lubricant sets the frictional force between pipe 1 and soil 4 and is therefore especially with longer pipes or from several pipes existing pipe runs or very solid ground used.

Insbesondere bei längeren Rohren 1 oder Rohrstrecken werden diese an den Stutzen 32 angeschweißt oder durch eine Muffen- oder Flanschverbindung am Spülkopf befestigt, um mit dem Spülkopf 17 durch das Erdreich 4 gezogen zu werden. Bei kürzeren Rohren 1, bei denen die zum Einbringen erforderliche Kraft nicht größer als die zulässige Druckkraft des jeweiligen Rohres ist, kann die in den Fign. 2 und 3 gezeigte Konstruktion gewählt werden. Bei dieser wird das Rohr 1 über eine an der Hinterwand 31 angeschweißte Ankermuffe 37, einen in diese eingeschraubten und durch das Rohr 1 geführten Ankerstab 38 und eine hinter dem hinteren Ende des Rohres 1 durch eine Mutter 39 auf dem Ankerstab 38 befestigte Ankerplatte 40 an den Spülkopf 17 angekoppelt. Weiterhin ist hierbei ein Muffenstück 41 mit einer Gummidichtung 42 an den Stutzen 32 angeschweißt, um das Innere des Rohres 1 vor dem Eindringen von Fremdmaterial zu schützen. In diesem Fall wird die Zugkraft der Ziehvorrichtung 5 über den Ankerstab 38 auf die Ankerplatte 40 übertragen, die ihrerseits eine entsprechende Druckkraft auf das Rohr 1 ausübt, um dieses hinter dem Spülkopf 17 durch das Erdreich 4 zu schieben.Especially with longer pipes 1 or pipe sections these are welded to the nozzle 32 or through a socket or flange connection on the flushing head attached to the flushing head 17 through the soil 4 to be pulled. With shorter tubes 1, where the force required for insertion is not greater than the permissible pressure force of the respective pipe is, can in the Figs. Construction shown 2 and 3 to get voted. In this, the tube 1 is over an anchor sleeve welded to the rear wall 31 37, one screwed into this and through the tube 1 guided anchor rod 38 and one behind the rear one End of the tube 1 by a nut 39 on the anchor rod 38 attached anchor plate 40 to the flushing head 17th coupled. Furthermore, there is a socket piece 41 welded to the socket 32 with a rubber seal 42, around the inside of the tube 1 before penetration to protect from foreign material. In this case the tensile force of the pulling device 5 via the anchor rod 38 transferred to the anchor plate 40, the in turn a corresponding pressure force on the pipe 1 exercises this behind the flushing head 17 by the To push soil 4.

Insbesondere beim Einbringen von Trinkwasserrohren ist es sinnvoll, die Schlauchleitungen 7, 8 und 34 sowie etwaige elektrische Leitungen innerhalb des Rohres 1 mit einem zusätzlichen Hüllrohr zu umgeben, um zu vermeiden, daß die in der Regel verschmutzten Leitungen mit der Innenwand des Rohres 1 in Berührung kommen.Especially when installing drinking water pipes it makes sense to use hose lines 7, 8 and 34 as well as any electrical lines within the To surround tube 1 with an additional cladding tube, to avoid that the usually dirty Lines in contact with the inner wall of tube 1 come.

Der in Fig. 5 gezeigte Spülkopf dient insbesondere zum Einbringen von Rohren in bindige, d.h. ton- oder lehmhaltige Böden. Bei diesem ist der Ziehstern 6' hinter die Ortsbrust zurückgezogen, so daß aus Düsen 29' und 30' unter hohem Druck austretende Spülflüssigkeit das Erdreich bereits zerteilt, bevor es vom Ziehstern 6' durchschnitten wird. Dadurch werden die Ziehkräfte verringert. Die Düsen 30' sind horizontal nach vorn und die Düsen 29' nach innen und nach vorn gerichtet. In Ziehrichtung hinter dem Ziehstern 6' befindet sich konzentrisch zur Mittelachse des Spülkopfes ein rotierender Düsenkörper 44 mit jeweils mehreren radial nach außen und nach vorn gerichteten Düsen 45 sowie ausschließlich radial nach außen gerichteten Düsen 46. Die aus den Düsen 45 und 46 austretende Spülflüssigkeit wird unter hohem Druck herausgepreßt, so daß das von den stationären Düsen 29' und 30' sowie dem Ziehstern 6' tortenstückartig zerteilte Erdreich innerhalb des Spülkopfes durch die rotierenden Düsen 45 und 46 insgesamt zerkleinert und aufgelockert wird. Aus einem zweiten Zuführungskreislauf gespeiste Düsen 28', die in Längsrichtung zwischen den Düsen 29' und 30' einerseits und den Düsen 45 und 46 andererseits liegen, dienen zur Zuführung einer großen Spülflüssigkeitsmenge unter niedrigem Druck, wodurch eine ausreichende Menge Spülflüssigkeit zur Verfügung gestellt wird, um das gelockerte Erdreich abzutransportieren. Im übrigen ist der Spülkopf nach Fig. 5 entsprechend dem in den Figuren 2 bis 4 dargestellten ausgebildet.The flushing head shown in FIG. 5 serves in particular for inserting pipes into cohesive, i.e. sound or loamy soils. With this the drawing star is 6 ' withdrawn behind the face so that from nozzles 29 'and 30' flushing liquid escaping under high pressure the soil has already been broken up before it reaches the Ziehstern 6 'is cut. This will make the Pulling forces reduced. The nozzles 30 'are horizontal forward and the nozzles 29 'inwards and forwards directed. In the direction of drawing behind the drawing star 6 ' is concentric to the central axis of the flushing head a rotating nozzle body 44 with each several radially outward and forward Nozzles 45 and only directed radially outwards Nozzles 46. The exiting from nozzles 45 and 46 Flushing liquid is pressed out under high pressure, so that from the stationary nozzles 29 ' and 30 'as well as the drawing star 6' Soil inside the flushing head through the rotating nozzles 45 and 46 crushed and total is loosened up. From a second feed circuit fed nozzles 28 'which in the longitudinal direction between the nozzles 29 'and 30' on the one hand and the nozzles 45 and 46, on the other hand, are used for feeding a large amount of flushing liquid under low Pressure, creating a sufficient amount of flushing fluid is made available to the relaxed To remove soil. Otherwise, the rinsing head 5 corresponding to that in FIGS. 2 to 4 shown trained.

Je nach der Beschaffenheit des Bodens kann der Spülkopf wahlweise auch ohne den Düsenkörper 44 und gegebenenfalls die Düsen 29' und 30' betrieben werden.Depending on the nature of the floor, the flushing head optionally also without the nozzle body 44 and optionally the nozzles 29 'and 30' are operated.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann nicht nur zum Einziehen von Rohren, sondern auch zum Auswechseln von Rohren mit kleinem Durchmesser (z.B. 100 mm) gegen solche mit großem Durchmesser (z.B. 400 mm) verwendet werden. Hierbei wird der Zuganker 18 durch das auszuwechselnde Rohr mit kleinem Durchmesser geschoben und dann durch eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Endfläche dieses Rohres und dem Zuganker das Rohr aus dem Erdreich herausgedrückt, während gleichzeitig das neue Rohr mit großem Durchmesser unter Vorschaltung des Spülkopfes herausgezogen wird.The method according to the invention cannot only be used for Pulling in pipes, but also for replacement of pipes with a small diameter (e.g. 100 mm) those with a large diameter (e.g. 400 mm) are used become. Here, the tie rod 18 by the tube with a small diameter to be replaced and then through a positive connection between the end face of this tube and the tie rod pushing the pipe out of the ground while at the same time the new pipe with a large diameter is pulled out upstream of the flushing head.

Claims (26)

  1. Method of inserting a pipe into the ground between two trenches, which lie below ground and are accessible therefrom, in which a flushing head, which is, as seen in the movement direction, arranged in front of the pipe, flushes the space required for the pipe by means of a flushing fluid which is under pressure delivered into the ground, and the flushing fluid is discharged with the flushed material against the movement direction and through the pipe, characterised in that in the planned markout of the pipe (1) to be inserted the ground (4) is drilled through by a controlled pilot bar, and thereafter the pipe (1) is pulled with the flushing head (17) through the ground (4) via the pilot bar or another thereto linked pulling element by means of a pulling device (5) arranged in the one trench (3).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that through the pipe (1) are ducted hosepipes (7, 8) for delivery of the flushing fluid to the flushing head (17) and for discharge of flushing fluid including flushed material from the flushing head (17).
  3. Method according to Claim 2, characterised in that flushing liquid including flushed material is ducted from the hosepipe (8) into a discharge channel (12) which extends below and along the pipe (1).
  4. Method according to Claim 2 or 3, characterised in that at least the hosepipe (4) for discharging flushing fluid is designed as a stiff, statically self-supporting tubular element.
  5. Method according to Claim 4, characterised in that the discharge of flushing fluid in the hosepipe (8) is assisted by vacuum suction.
  6. Method according to Claim 3, characterised in that the discharge channel (12) is self-flushing.
  7. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the portion of the pipe (1) which is not yet inserted into the ground (4) is guided by rollers (16) which are supporting laterally and from below.
  8. Method according to one of Claims 3 to 7, characterised in that an extension, which is attached to the pipe (1) and protrudes from the latter radially outwards, is guided in a longitudinal groove.
  9. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the flushing head (17) is connected via a pulling star (6) to a pulling anchor (18) of the pilot bar or pulling element.
  10. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the flushing head (17) comprises nozzles (28, 30, 29) which are oriented radially inward, axially toward the front and at a slant toward the inside and front.
  11. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that two fluid delivery circuits are provided, of which one feeds nozzles (29', 30', 45, 46) under high pressure with a relatively low volume of fluid for loosening the ground, and the other comprises nozzles (28') under low pressure with a relatively large volume of fluid for discharging loosened ground.
  12. Method according to Claim 11, characterised in that the nozzles of the first delivery circuit include the front nozzles (29', 30') which are stationary at the flushing head and the rear nozzles (45, 46) which are movable relative to the flushing head.
  13. Method according to Claim 12, characterised in that the operational range of the front nozzles (29, 30') lies in front of the pulling star (6').
  14. Method according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the radially and slantingly inward oriented nozzles (28, 29) are respectively pivoted towards each other so that their jets do not coincide with each other.
  15. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the flushing head (17) is connected to a lubricant delivery (34), and a lubricant is delivered via openings (36) in the flushing head (17) into the intermediate space between the pipe (1) and the ground (4).
  16. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the pipe (1) is welded onto the flushing head (17) or attached thereto by a bosshead or flange connection.
  17. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that an anchor bar (38), which is ducted through the pipe (1), is mounted onto the flushing head (17), and an anchor plate (40), which abuts the pipe end behind the pipe (1), is mounted onto the anchor bar (38).
  18. Method according to Claim 17, characterised in that the open beginning of the pipe is sealed from the ground (4) by a bosshead (41), which extends over the beginning of the pipe and is attached to the flushing head (17).
  19. Method according to Claim 1 to 18, characterised in that the pilot bar or the pulling element is pulled through a pipe which is to be removed from the ground and with clearly lesser diameter than that of the pipe (1) to be inserted, and a flush connection between the pipe to be removed and the pilot bar or pulling element is established, and simultaneously the pipe to be removed is pushed out and the pipe (1) to be inserted is pulled in with the flushing head (17) connected ahead thereof.
  20. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 19, characterised in that used flushing fluid is re-used after cleansing.
  21. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 20, characterised in that the rinsing process is observed via a television camera (26).
  22. Method according to Claim 21, characterised in that, for the purpose of television observation, the flushing fluid is pushed out of the area in front of the television camera (26).
  23. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 22, characterised in that the delivery of flushing fluid is controlled in dependence of the pulling force exercised by the pulling device (5).
  24. Method according to one of Claims 10 to 23, characterised in that the flushing fluid is delivered to differently oriented nozzles (28, 29, 30) in a separately controllable manner.
  25. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the nozzles (28, 29, 30) are set back by approximately 15 cm relative to the front edge of the flushing head (17).
  26. Method according to one of Claims 2 to 25, characterised in that the pipes (7, 8, 34), which are ducted through the pipe (1), are within the pipe (1) encased by a pipe sleeve.
EP96905690A 1995-03-02 1996-02-29 Method of inserting a pipe into the ground Expired - Lifetime EP0811106B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19508703 1995-03-02
DE19508703A DE19508703A1 (en) 1995-03-02 1995-03-02 Process for placing a pipe in the ground
PCT/DE1996/000403 WO1996027067A1 (en) 1995-03-02 1996-02-29 Method of inserting a pipe into the ground

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0811106A1 EP0811106A1 (en) 1997-12-10
EP0811106B1 true EP0811106B1 (en) 1999-07-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96905690A Expired - Lifetime EP0811106B1 (en) 1995-03-02 1996-02-29 Method of inserting a pipe into the ground

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0811106B1 (en)
AU (1) AU4937596A (en)
DE (2) DE19508703A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996027067A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10342083B3 (en) * 2003-09-10 2005-05-04 Prime Drilling Gmbh Horizontal pipeline boring equipment for passing pipeline under river or canal has rive unit for drilling string set at slight angle to horizontal on one bank and guide frame on other bank
DE102016008762A1 (en) 2016-07-21 2018-01-25 Herrenknecht Ag Device for creating a cavity in a floor

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3419517C2 (en) * 1984-05-25 1993-09-30 Zueblin Ag Process for underground installation of pipelines and device for carrying out the process
US4784230A (en) * 1985-05-14 1988-11-15 Cherrington Martin D Apparatus and method for installing a conduit within an arcuate bore
BE1000905A4 (en) * 1987-09-04 1989-05-09 Smet Nic Hilde Walter Method for installing a pipe in the ground.
BE1004505A3 (en) * 1990-07-10 1992-12-01 Smet Marc Jozef Maria Device for making a hole in the ground.
CH683016A5 (en) * 1990-12-24 1993-12-31 Terra Ag Tiefbautechnik A method for expanding a wellbore and Expanding apparatus.

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DE59602387D1 (en) 1999-08-12
AU4937596A (en) 1996-09-18
DE19508703A1 (en) 1996-09-05
WO1996027067A1 (en) 1996-09-06
EP0811106A1 (en) 1997-12-10

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