EP0810329A2 - Erosion protection mat and vegetation mat - Google Patents

Erosion protection mat and vegetation mat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0810329A2
EP0810329A2 EP97250164A EP97250164A EP0810329A2 EP 0810329 A2 EP0810329 A2 EP 0810329A2 EP 97250164 A EP97250164 A EP 97250164A EP 97250164 A EP97250164 A EP 97250164A EP 0810329 A2 EP0810329 A2 EP 0810329A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mat
fleece
fabric
fibers
erosion protection
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Application number
EP97250164A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0810329A3 (en
Inventor
Otto Kazil
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0810329A2 publication Critical patent/EP0810329A2/en
Publication of EP0810329A3 publication Critical patent/EP0810329A3/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an erosion protection and planting mat according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention has for its object to simplify this erosion control and planting mat in the manufacture.
  • the fabric and the fleece arranged on the underside are according to the invention by Needles connected to each other, the connecting means being individual fibers of the fleece arranged on the underside of the fabric, which are pierced into the threads of the fabric and are held there with the help of special machines and needles with barbs.
  • the fibers of the nonwoven are thus used as connecting means, so that no additional connecting means are required and the manufacture of the mat is thus considerably simplified.
  • the number of fibers holding the fabric together with the nonwoven is so small that when moisture (rain) occurs and the weight of the nonwoven increases due to water absorption, the individual connecting fibers of the nonwoven tear under the influence of moisture and moisture and the associated increase in weight of the nonwoven or tear out of the tissue.
  • DE-OS 3400696 It is known from the non-generic DE-OS 2158914 to firmly connect two identical nonwovens used for planting to one another by needling.
  • DE-OS 3400696 also discloses a composite material consisting of two layers of fiber peat of the same material, which are connected to one another by fibers or threads.
  • the problems on which the invention is based do not occur here, since the composite material consists in each case of two identical substances which behave identically under weather conditions.
  • a coarse-mesh fabric 1 made of sisal or coconut fibers has on its underside a fleece 2, which is preferably constructed from dark or dark-colored fibers.
  • Coarse-mesh fabric in the sense of the present invention is understood to mean one that has relatively large pore volumes between the threads, a so-called leaky fabric.
  • Plant seeds 3 are embedded in the above-mentioned fleece 2, and a fertilizer can expediently also be included here.
  • Fabric 1 and fleece 2 are connected to one another in the factory by individual fibers which come from the fleece and are held in place in the fabric. These connecting fibers tear under weight load at the moment when the fleece, weighted by rainwater, multiplies its weight and sinks to the floor to be protected.
  • FIG. 2 now illustrates how the mat shown in FIG. 1, manufactured at the factory, is laid on a floor 6 to be fastened, this floor being strewn with relatively large stones 7.
  • the mat is laid so that it sags between adjacent stones 7 and rests on the floor to be fastened.
  • anchors can be attached to the floor at various points, with which the mat is then permanently connected.
  • connection fibers tear under the weight of the rain-soaked fleece and thus the connection between fleece 2 and fabric 1 is interrupted, so that the fabric shrinks under the aforementioned weather conditions and is therefore shortened between two adjacent supports , here between the stones 7, is raised, but with seeds and event.
  • Fertilizer fleece 2 now remains on the ground 6 and the germinating seeds or their roots find the conditions necessary for their development.
  • a mat in which fleece and fabric are connected with threads or yarns of a conventional type shows the picture that is illustrated schematically in FIG. 4: the mat lifting between two adjacent supports (stones 7) as a result of the shrinkage inevitably entrains this their bonded fleece 2, it lifts it off the ground 6, and the roots 8 of the germinating seeds hang freely in the air, withering soon. Since the shrinkage process mentioned is irreversible, the germinating seeds cannot develop in this case, the seeds cannot fulfill their intended function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The mat consists of upper webbing (1) of biodegradable organic material, eg. sisal, and a lower nonwoven fabric layer (2) of biodegradable material, with imbedded plant seed. Webbing and non-woven fabric are connected by being sown together. The connectors are formed by individual fibres (5) of the non-woven fabric. The fibres are not soluble in water.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Erosionsschutz- und Pflanzmatte gemäß den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to an erosion protection and planting mat according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Eine Erosionsschutz- und Pflanzmatte dieser Art ist aus der EP 0 450 346 B1 vorbekannt. Dabei sind Gewebe und Vlies mittels Fäden oder Garnen fest verbunden, die aus einem Material bestehen, das unter Einwirkung von Feuchtigkeit und Nässe seine Festigkeit verliert und sich auflöst. Wenn diese Matte feuchten Witterungsbedingungen ausgesetzt ist, lösen sich die das Gewebe und das Vlies zusammenhaltenden Verbindungsmittel allmählich auf, und das die Pflanzensamen beinhaltende Vlies sinkt ab und legt sich unmittelbar auf den zu schützenden Boden. Nachteilig hierbei ist der große Aufwand zur Verbindung von Gewebe und Vlies mittels der Fäden und Garne als Verbindungsmittel.An erosion protection and planting mat of this type is previously known from EP 0 450 346 B1. The fabric and fleece are firmly connected by means of threads or yarns, which consist of a material that loses its strength and dissolves under the influence of moisture and moisture. When this mat is exposed to humid weather conditions, the bonding agents holding the fabric and the fleece together gradually dissolve, and the fleece containing the plant seeds sinks and lies directly on the ground to be protected. The disadvantage here is the great effort involved in connecting the fabric and the fleece by means of the threads and yarns as the connecting means.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Erosionsschutz- und Pflanzmatte in der Herstellung zu vereinfachen.The invention has for its object to simplify this erosion control and planting mat in the manufacture.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Das Gewebe und das auf dessen Unterseite angeordnete Vlies sind erfindungsgemäß durch Vernadelung miteinander verbunden, wobei die Verbindungsmittel einzelne Fasern des auf der Unterseite des Gewebes angeordneten Vlieses sind, die bei der Vernadelung mit Hilfe spezieller Maschinen und Nadeln mit Widerhaken in die Fäden des Gewebes eingestochen und dort festgehalten werden. Somit werden die Fasern des Vlieses als Verbindungsmittel genutzt, so daß keine zusätzlichen Verbindungsmittel erforderlich sind und die Herstellung der Matte somit wesentlich vereinfacht wird. Die Zahl der das Gewebe mit dem Vlies zusammenhaltenden Fasern ist so gering, daß bei eintretender Nässe (Regen) und entsprechender Gewichtszunahme des Vlieses durch die Wasseraufnahme die einzelnen Verbindungs-Fasern des Vlieses unter Einwirkung von Feuchtigkeit und Nässe und der damit einhergehenden Gewichtszunahme des Vlieses reißen bzw. aus dem Gewebe herausreißen. Damit wird die Verbindung zwischen Gewebe und Vlies unterbrochen, und von dem unter den Witterungseinflüssen stark schrumpfenden und sich dadurch verkürzenden Gewebe, das z.B. zwischen zwei benachbarten Auflagern, wie z.B. Steinen, angehoben wird, löst sich das mit Samen und evtl. Dünger durchsetzte Vlies und sinkt zu bzw. verbleibt am Boden, und die keimenden Samen bzw. deren Wurzeln finden die für ihre Entwicklung notwendigen Bedingungen vor. Dabei ist die Verbindung aus Gewebe und Vlies homogen über die textilen Flächengebilde verteilt angeordnet.The solution to this problem results from the characterizing features of claim 1. The fabric and the fleece arranged on the underside are according to the invention by Needles connected to each other, the connecting means being individual fibers of the fleece arranged on the underside of the fabric, which are pierced into the threads of the fabric and are held there with the help of special machines and needles with barbs. The fibers of the nonwoven are thus used as connecting means, so that no additional connecting means are required and the manufacture of the mat is thus considerably simplified. The number of fibers holding the fabric together with the nonwoven is so small that when moisture (rain) occurs and the weight of the nonwoven increases due to water absorption, the individual connecting fibers of the nonwoven tear under the influence of moisture and moisture and the associated increase in weight of the nonwoven or tear out of the tissue. This breaks the connection between the fabric and the fleece, and the fleece interspersed with seeds and possibly fertilizer dissolves from the tissue, which shrinks under the influence of the weather and is therefore shortened, which is lifted between two adjacent supports, such as stones, for example sinks to or remains on the ground, and the germinating seeds or their roots find the conditions necessary for their development. The combination of fabric and fleece is distributed homogeneously over the textile fabrics.

Es ist zwar aus der gattungsfremden DE-OS 2158914 vorbekannt, zwei zur Bepflanzung dienende gleiche Vliesstoffe durch Vernadelung fest miteinander zu verbinden. Auch aus der DE-OS 3400696 ist ein Verbundstoff aus zwei materialgleichen Schichten aus Faserwalztorf bekannt, die durch Fasern oder Fäden miteinander verbunden sind. Hierbei treten die der Erfindung zugrunde liegenden Probleme aber nicht auf, da der Verbundstoff jeweils aus zwei gleichen Stoffen besteht, die sich unter Witterungsbedingungen gleich verhalten.It is known from the non-generic DE-OS 2158914 to firmly connect two identical nonwovens used for planting to one another by needling. DE-OS 3400696 also discloses a composite material consisting of two layers of fiber peat of the same material, which are connected to one another by fibers or threads. However, the problems on which the invention is based do not occur here, since the composite material consists in each case of two identical substances which behave identically under weather conditions.

Die erfindungsgemäße Erosionsschutz- und Pflanzmatte ist nach-folgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles der Erfindung und einer Matte herkömmlichen Aufbaus näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch eine Matte in schematischer Darstellung;
Fig. 2
die Matte nach Fig. 1 auf einem mit großen Steinen übersäten, zu zu befestigenden Boden verlegt;
Fig. 3
entspricht der Darstellung nach Fig. 2, jedoch nach Witterungseinflüssen mit hohem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt;
Fig. 4
ist eine Darstellung entsprechend der Fig. 3, jedoch ist hier das Verhalten einer Matte herkömmlichen Autbaues gezeigt.
The erosion control and planting mat according to the invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment of the invention and a mat of conventional construction. Show it:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a mat in a schematic representation;
Fig. 2
the mat of Figure 1 laid on a stone-strewn floor to be fastened.
Fig. 3
corresponds to the representation according to FIG. 2, but after weather influences with a high moisture content;
Fig. 4
is a representation corresponding to FIG. 3, but here the behavior of a mat of conventional car construction is shown.

Ein grobmaschiges Gewebe 1 aus Sisal- oder Kokosfasern trägt an seiner Unterseite ein Vlies 2, das vorzugsweise aus dunklen oder dunkel gefärbten Fasern'aufgebaut ist. Unter grobmaschigem Gewebe im Sinne der gegenständlichen Erfindung wird ein solches verstanden, das relativ große Porenvolumina zwischen den Fäden hat, ein sogenanntes undichtes Gewebe. In dem erwähnten Vlies 2 sind Pflanzensamen 3 eingebettet, und zweckmäßigerweise kann hier auch ein Dünger miteingeschlossen sein. Gewebe 1 und Vlies 2 sind fabriksseitig miteinander verbunden durch einzelne Fasern, welche aus dem Vlies kommend, im Gewebe festgehalten werden. Diese Verbindungsfasern reißen unter Gewichtsbelastung in dem Moment als das Vlies, durch Regenwasser beschwert, sein Gewicht vervielfacht und auf den zu schützenden Boden sinkt.A coarse-mesh fabric 1 made of sisal or coconut fibers has on its underside a fleece 2, which is preferably constructed from dark or dark-colored fibers. Coarse-mesh fabric in the sense of the present invention is understood to mean one that has relatively large pore volumes between the threads, a so-called leaky fabric. Plant seeds 3 are embedded in the above-mentioned fleece 2, and a fertilizer can expediently also be included here. Fabric 1 and fleece 2 are connected to one another in the factory by individual fibers which come from the fleece and are held in place in the fabric. These connecting fibers tear under weight load at the moment when the fleece, weighted by rainwater, multiplies its weight and sinks to the floor to be protected.

Fig. 2 veranschaulicht nun, wie die aus Fig. 1 ersichtliche, fabriksseitig gefertigte Matte auf einem zu befestigenden Boden 6 verlegt ist, wobei dieser Boden von relativ großen Steinen 7 übersät ist. Die Matte ist so verlegt, daß sie zwischen benachbarten Steinen 7 durchhängt und auf dem zu befestigenden Boden aufliegt. Um die Lage der Matte zu fixieren, vor allem dann, wenn es sich um geneigte Bodenflächen handelt, können an verschiedenen Stellen Anker im Boden befestigt sein, mit welchen die Matte dann unlösbar verbunden wird.FIG. 2 now illustrates how the mat shown in FIG. 1, manufactured at the factory, is laid on a floor 6 to be fastened, this floor being strewn with relatively large stones 7. The mat is laid so that it sags between adjacent stones 7 and rests on the floor to be fastened. In order to fix the position of the mat, especially if it is an inclined floor surface, anchors can be attached to the floor at various points, with which the mat is then permanently connected.

Ist die Matte nassen Witterungseinflüssen ausgesetzt, so reißen unter dem Gewicht des regendurchtränkten Vlieses die Verbindungsfasern und damit wird die Verbindung zwischen Vlies 2 und Gewebe 1 unterbrochen, sodaß das unter den genannten Witterungseinflüssen stark schrumpfende und sich dadurch verkürzende Gewebe in der Folge zwischen zwei benachbarten Auflagern, hier zwischen den Steinen 7, angehoben wird, wobei jedoch das mit Samen und event. Dünger durchsetzte Vlies 2 nunmehr am Boden 6 verbleibt und die keimenden Samen bzw. deren Wurzeln die für ihre Entwicklung notwendigen Bedingungen vorfinden.If the mat is exposed to wet weather conditions, the connection fibers tear under the weight of the rain-soaked fleece and thus the connection between fleece 2 and fabric 1 is interrupted, so that the fabric shrinks under the aforementioned weather conditions and is therefore shortened between two adjacent supports , here between the stones 7, is raised, but with seeds and event. Fertilizer fleece 2 now remains on the ground 6 and the germinating seeds or their roots find the conditions necessary for their development.

Demgegenüber zeigt eine Matte, bei welcher Vlies und Gewebe mit Fäden oder Garnen herkömmlicher Art verbunden sind, jenes Bild, das schematisch in Fig. 4 veranschaulicht ist: Die zwischen zwei benachbarten Auflagern (Steine 7) in Folge der Schrumpfung anhebende Matte zieht zwangsläufig das mit ihr verbundene Vlies 2 mit, hebt es damit vom Boden 6 ab, und die Wurzeln 8 der keimenden Samen hängen frei in der Luft, wobei sie in Bälde verdorren. Da der erwähnte Schrumpfungsprozeß irreversibel ist, können sich die keimenden Samen in diesem Fall nicht entwickeln, der Samen kann seine ihm zugedachte Funktion nicht erfüllen.In contrast, a mat in which fleece and fabric are connected with threads or yarns of a conventional type shows the picture that is illustrated schematically in FIG. 4: the mat lifting between two adjacent supports (stones 7) as a result of the shrinkage inevitably entrains this their bonded fleece 2, it lifts it off the ground 6, and the roots 8 of the germinating seeds hang freely in the air, withering soon. Since the shrinkage process mentioned is irreversible, the germinating seeds cannot develop in this case, the seeds cannot fulfill their intended function.

Claims (2)

Erosionsschutz- und Pflanzmatte, mit mindestens einem aus strapazierfähigen, verrottbaren organischen Fasern, vorzugsweise aus Sisal- und oder Kokosfasern, gefertigtem grobmaschigem Gewebe, mit einem mit dessen Unterseite verbundenen, vorzugsweise zum überwiegenden Teil aus verrottbaren Fasern bestehenden Vlies mit darin eingebetteten Pflanzensamen und mit das Gewebe und das Vlies zusammenhaltenden Verbindungsmitteln,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gewebe (1) und das Vlies (2) durch Vernadelung miteinander verbunden und die Verbindungsmittel einzelne Fasern (5) des auf der Unterseite des Gewebes (1) angeordneten Vlieses (2) sind.
Erosion protection and planting mat, with at least one coarse-mesh fabric made from hard-wearing, rotten organic fibers, preferably from sisal and or coconut fibers, with a fleece connected to its underside, preferably consisting predominantly of rotten fibers, with plant seeds embedded therein and with that Fabric and the non-woven fasteners,
characterized by
that the fabric (1) and the fleece (2) are connected to one another by needling and the connecting means are individual fibers (5) of the fleece (2) arranged on the underside of the fabric (1).
Erosionsschutz- und Pflanzmatte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungs-Fasern (5) nicht wasserlöslich sind.Erosion protection and planting mat according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting fibers (5) are not water-soluble.
EP97250164A 1996-05-28 1997-05-26 Erosion protection mat and vegetation mat Withdrawn EP0810329A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0092796A AT404213B (en) 1996-05-28 1996-05-28 EROSION PROTECTION AND PLANT MAT
AT927/96 1996-05-28
CA002223353A CA2223353A1 (en) 1996-05-28 1997-12-03 Erosion protection and plant mat

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0810329A2 true EP0810329A2 (en) 1997-12-03
EP0810329A3 EP0810329A3 (en) 1998-08-05

Family

ID=31716296

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97250164A Withdrawn EP0810329A3 (en) 1996-05-28 1997-05-26 Erosion protection mat and vegetation mat

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0810329A3 (en)
AT (1) AT404213B (en)
CA (1) CA2223353A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29803237U1 (en) * 1997-05-06 1998-05-28 Kschiwan, Jörg, 03226 Vetschau Biodegradable element for ground covering and the like
CN100453739C (en) * 2006-12-18 2009-01-21 国家环境保护总局华南环境科学研究所 Method for slope protecting natural simulating ecological constitution and taking account of surface source pollution control
CN105926533A (en) * 2016-05-05 2016-09-07 长江航道规划设计研究院 Implanting type ecological beach fixing method
CN108811902A (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-11-16 中国环境科学研究院 A kind of submerged plant planting blanket and preparation method thereof
EP3720263B1 (en) 2018-08-24 2022-11-02 Yilmaz, Håkan Isak A machine and a method of producing biodegradable nonwoven textile comprising seeds

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2843523B1 (en) * 2002-08-13 2005-03-04 Ahlstrom Research & Services BIODEGRADABLE FIBROUS SUPPORT FOR SOIL FLOORING

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0071213B1 (en) * 1981-07-27 1986-04-09 Günter TESCH Laminated article for construction purposes, and its application
EP0450346A2 (en) * 1990-04-03 1991-10-09 Schoeller Hard GmbH Vegetation mat for protection against erosion

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT311108B (en) * 1970-12-23 1973-10-25 Bunzl & Biach Ag Composite material for planting and reinforcing surfaces and processes for their production
DE3400696A1 (en) * 1984-01-11 1985-07-18 Kurt Galle Device for positioning and growing ornamentals and useful plants to suit the needs of the species

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0071213B1 (en) * 1981-07-27 1986-04-09 Günter TESCH Laminated article for construction purposes, and its application
EP0450346A2 (en) * 1990-04-03 1991-10-09 Schoeller Hard GmbH Vegetation mat for protection against erosion

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29803237U1 (en) * 1997-05-06 1998-05-28 Kschiwan, Jörg, 03226 Vetschau Biodegradable element for ground covering and the like
CN100453739C (en) * 2006-12-18 2009-01-21 国家环境保护总局华南环境科学研究所 Method for slope protecting natural simulating ecological constitution and taking account of surface source pollution control
CN105926533A (en) * 2016-05-05 2016-09-07 长江航道规划设计研究院 Implanting type ecological beach fixing method
CN105926533B (en) * 2016-05-05 2019-01-01 长江航道规划设计研究院 A kind of embedded type ecology consolidates beach method
CN108811902A (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-11-16 中国环境科学研究院 A kind of submerged plant planting blanket and preparation method thereof
CN108811902B (en) * 2018-06-08 2024-01-30 中国环境科学研究院 Submerged plant planting blanket and preparation method thereof
EP3720263B1 (en) 2018-08-24 2022-11-02 Yilmaz, Håkan Isak A machine and a method of producing biodegradable nonwoven textile comprising seeds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA92796A (en) 1998-02-15
EP0810329A3 (en) 1998-08-05
CA2223353A1 (en) 1999-06-03
AT404213B (en) 1998-09-25

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