EP0807065A1 - Product dispensing bottle - Google Patents

Product dispensing bottle

Info

Publication number
EP0807065A1
EP0807065A1 EP95911374A EP95911374A EP0807065A1 EP 0807065 A1 EP0807065 A1 EP 0807065A1 EP 95911374 A EP95911374 A EP 95911374A EP 95911374 A EP95911374 A EP 95911374A EP 0807065 A1 EP0807065 A1 EP 0807065A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
neck
cover
bottle
tearing
bottle according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95911374A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0807065B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Pierre Boissay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Crown European Holdings SA
Original Assignee
CarnaudMetalbox Sante Beaute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CarnaudMetalbox Sante Beaute filed Critical CarnaudMetalbox Sante Beaute
Publication of EP0807065A1 publication Critical patent/EP0807065A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0807065B1 publication Critical patent/EP0807065B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D51/18—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures
    • B65D51/20—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing
    • B65D51/22—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure
    • B65D51/221—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening
    • B65D51/226—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening the piercing or cutting means being non integral with, or not fixedly attached to, the outer closure
    • B65D51/227—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening the piercing or cutting means being non integral with, or not fixedly attached to, the outer closure and further comprising a device first inhibiting displacement of the piercing or cutting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
    • B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
    • B65D47/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages
    • B65D47/18—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages for discharging drops; Droppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
    • B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
    • B65D2251/0006—Upper closure
    • B65D2251/0015—Upper closure of the 41-type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
    • B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
    • B65D2251/0037—Intermediate closure(s)
    • B65D2251/0056—Intermediate closure(s) of the 47-type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
    • B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
    • B65D2251/0068—Lower closure
    • B65D2251/0093—Membrane
    • B65D2251/0096—Membrane integral with the container

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bottle, of the type comprising a hollow body intended to contain a product and provided with an end forming a neck, a tearable transverse cover sealing the neck, and means of tearing the cover axially displaceable in the neck under the control of an operating member between a standby position and an active position of tearing of the cover.
  • the cap When the bottle is used for the first time, the cap must be torn, which is generally done using a relatively pointed axial element moved in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the neck, in order to allow a flow. of product through it.
  • a relatively pointed axial element moved in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the neck, in order to allow a flow. of product through it.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a bottle making it possible to reliably tear the cover with a small displacement of the tearing means.
  • the cover comprises a weakened zone delimiting in the cover at least one retractable flap, and a zone of articulation of the flap located between at least two radially outer ends of the weakened zone, and in that the tearing means comprise a member for pushing the flaps by pressing on a region of the flap close to the articulation zone.
  • the weakened zone constitutes a star of weakening of the operculum whose branches delimit two by two in the cover of flaps of radially increasing width in the direction of the periphery of the cover;
  • the thrust member ends with a circular edge tearing the lid
  • the pushing member is formed by an end piece mounted on the free end of the neck and traversed longitudinally by a fluid product flow channel, said end piece comprising a tear-off tail extending in the neck and have said edge at its free end;
  • the fluid flow channel ends in the tail by a region of progressively increasing section in the direction of said edge;
  • the body and the end piece comprise means for positioning in at least two relative axial positions;
  • the end piece comprises an axial skirt surrounding the neck, the means for positioning the end piece comprising successive latching means between at least one flange and at least one notch situated on the external face of the neck and on the face internal of the skirt;
  • the operating member is formed by a cap covering the neck and connected to the rest of the bottle by frangible tamper-evident means and for holding the pushing member in the waiting position, said cap being axially movable relative to the neck after removal of said inviolability means; said inviolability means are internally provided with a bead cooperating with a colle ⁇ rette formed on the external surface of the bottle, the cap internally comprising a similar bead.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view with partial section of a pre-assembled bottle according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view in cross section and on a larger scale of the neck of the bottle of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line 3-3 of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view on a larger scale of part of the tip and the lid of the bottle of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view in axial section of the bottle of Figure 1 illustrating the tearing of the seal.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a pre-assembled bottle 10 comprising a hollow body 12, intended to receive a sterile fluid product, a nozzle 14 and a cap 16.
  • the assembly has a general axis of symmetry XX assumed to be vertical .
  • the hollow body 12 has an open posterior and lower end 18 intended for its filling, and a narrowed front and upper end forming a neck 20 capped by the cap 16 and on which the end piece 14 is fitted.
  • the body 12 further comprises a transverse cover 22 so as to hermetically seal the neck, arranged back with respect to the outlet orifice thereof.
  • the cover 22 has a relatively large thickness over most of its surface and comprises a zone 24 of less mechanical resistance weakening said cover to make it tearable.
  • the zone 24 of less mechanical resistance has the shape of a star with four branches, such as 25, regularly distributed in the cover 22 so as to form a cross. These branches are produced by means of a strong thinning of the corresponding zones of the cover 22.
  • the branches 25 of the weakening star delimit two by two in the cover 22 of the retractable flaps, such as 25A, of width radially increasing in the direction of the periphery of the cover.
  • the cover thus has four triangular shaped flaps. It further comprises four articulation zones, such as 25B, located near the periphery of the cover 22 and each corresponding to an articulation zone for one of the flaps 25A.
  • the articulation zones shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2, connect the radially outer ends of two consecutive branches 25 in pairs.
  • the body 12 further comprises an annular seat 26 and a coaxial shoulder 28, of smaller diameter, closer to the neck 20.
  • the annular seat 26 is intended to receive a portion of the cap 16 , as will be described in detail later.
  • the bottle 10 also comprises means for perforating the cover 22. According to the embodiment shown, these means are constituted by a member for pushing the flaps 25A formed by the end piece 14, fitted into the neck 20.
  • the end piece 14 is axially movable in the neck 20 between a standby position and an active position of tearing of the cover and has a tail. 30 for tearing this cover 22 extending the end piece 14 in the neck 20.
  • the tail 30 has a free end zone of circular section ending in a circular edge 31, forming a zone of circular support on a complementary support area 31A of the flaps 25A during the tearing of the cover 22.
  • the outside diameter of the tail 30 is adapted so that the complementary support area 31A of the flaps 25A intersects the branches 25 in their radially outer part. In the example shown, this zone 31A is substantially tangent to the articulation zones 25B.
  • the tail 30 is extended downstream, that is to say towards the top of FIG. 1, by a nose 32 opening towards the outside of the body 12.
  • the end piece 14 is traversed longitudinally by a channel 34 fluid flow opening on the one hand upstream, that is to say downwards of FIG. 1, on the free end of the tail 30, and on the other hand downstream on the free end nose 32.
  • the fluid flow channel 34 has, near its upstream end, a calibrated orifice 35 which defines the pressure drop of the channel.
  • This orifice 35 is connected to the circular edge 31 by a zone 34A of progressively increasing cross section in the direction of the upstream orifice, giving the channel a flared shape.
  • the nose 32 has at its base an annular shoulder 36 extended upstream by a skirt 38 surrounding the neck 20. Furthermore, the bottle 10 includes means for positioning the tearing tail 30 of the end piece 14 in the neck 20 in at least two relative axial positions.
  • these means consist of means of snap-on success- sifs formed on the one hand by a crown of notches 40 incli ⁇ born upward, projecting from the internal face of the skirt 38, and, on the other hand, by two axially offset flanges 42 and 44 formed on the surface external of the neck 20, each defining an upper snap-on ramp for the notches 40 and delimiting two respective grooves 45 and 46.
  • the shoulder 36 further comprises a set of lights, such as 47, intended to facilitate the release of the notches 40.
  • the bottle 10 further comprises a member for operating the end piece 14.
  • This member is constituted by the cap 16, covering the neck 20.
  • This cap 16 comprises frangible means of inviolability and of holding the end piece 14 in the waiting position.
  • These means are formed by a removable tamper-evident ring 48 formed integrally with the free edge of the cap 16.
  • the junction between the cap 16 and the tamper-evident ring 48 is provided by at least one zone 49 of less tearable thickness, in view of the removal of this ring.
  • the ring 48 has an internal annular bead 50 cooperating with a latching collar 52 formed on the external face of the neck 20 and defining a groove 53 below it.
  • the cap 16 comprises a second annular bead 54 similar to the bead 50 of the ring 48 and intended to cooperate with the same groove 53 of the neck 20. It further comprises, near its upper bottom region, a set of ribs radial, such as 56, forming bearing surfaces, intended to cooperate with the shoulder 36 of the endpiece 14, and its bottom internally comprises a central stud 58 closing the downstream orifice of the fluid flow channel 34 of end cap 14.
  • the body 12 is first produced by injection of a plasti ⁇ material, in one piece, with its open rear end 18 and its closed neck 20 by the cover 22 weakened by the star 24 and formed integrally with the neck 20.
  • the end piece 14 and the capu ⁇ chon 16 are produced separately by injection of a plastic material.
  • the end piece 14 is then engaged in the neck 20 so that the row of notches 40 snaps into the upper notch 45.
  • the cap 16 is then fitted by force and hot on the neck 20 until the annular bead 50 of the ring 48 snaps into the groove 53, which immobilizes it relative to the body 12.
  • the bottle is thus obtained 10 pre-assembled ready to be filled.
  • the bottle is turned over, and the hollow body 12 is filled by its open rear end 18.
  • the bottom of the bottle 10 is closed off by pinching and welding this rear end 18.
  • the bottle is then in the state shown in the left half of FIG. 5, in which the end piece 14 is in its standby position. and the cap is locked on the neck 20. It should be noted that in this position, the bottle is sealed and the product contained in the hollow body is perfectly preserved from any contamination.
  • the pre-assembled bottle can be made sterile, so that the risk of contamination during filling is minimal.
  • the use of this bottle is as follows. To remove the cap 16, the user first removes the tamper-evident ring 48.
  • the cover is located on the path of the end of the tail 30.
  • this causes the branches 25 of the cover 22 to rupture by pressing the edge 31 on a region of the flap close to the articulation zones 25B, the folding of the flaps 25A around their articulation zone 25B and consequently the opening of the cover 22. Consequently, the communication of the upstream orifice of the channel fluid flow 34 with the interior of the body 12 is ensured.
  • the configuration of the cover and of the tail 30 makes it possible to limit the stroke of the end piece 14 necessary to reliably tear the cover.
  • the body 12 of the bottle 10 has in known manner a radially deformable structure in order to facilitate the distribution of the product, and the configuration of the channel of fluid flow 34 is adapted to ensure drop by drop distribution of the product.
  • the central stud 58 closes the downstream orifice of the fluid flow channel 34, in order to avoid on the one hand any leakage of fluid contained in the body 12 and on the other hand any contamination of this liquid when the cover 22 has been torn.
  • the base of the cap 16 can be shaped so as to be screwed onto a thread provided on the external surface of the body 12. The perforation of the oper ⁇ cule is then carried out by gripping and rotation of the cap.
  • the cover can also present a thinned zone of less mechanical resistance having other geometric shapes, for example a circular shape with a diameter slightly greater than that of the edge 31.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR95/00253 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 6, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 6, 1997 PCT Filed Mar. 2, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/23707 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 8, 1996A bottle including a hollow body (12) for containing a product, the body has a first end forming a neck, a transverse tear-off seal (22) for sealing the neck, and a structure (14) for tearing off the seal (22). The tearing structure is axially movable in the neck by a control member between a stand-by position and an operative position in which the seal is ruptured. The seal (22) includes a weakened portion (24) defining therein at least one retractable flap (25A), and a flap hinge portion (25B) between at least two radially outer ends of the weakened portion (24). The tearing structure includes a flap pushing member for engaging a flap region adjacent to the hinge portion (25B). The bottle is suitable for ophthalmological products.

Description

Flacon de distribution de produit. Product dispensing bottle.
La présente invention est relative à un flacon, du type comportant un corps creux destiné à contenir un produit et muni d'une extrémité formant un goulot, un opercule transversal déchirable obturant le goulot, et des moyens de déchirement de l'opercule axialement déplaçables dans le goulot sous la commande d'un organe de manoeuvre entre une position d'attente et une position active de déchirement de l'opercule.The present invention relates to a bottle, of the type comprising a hollow body intended to contain a product and provided with an end forming a neck, a tearable transverse cover sealing the neck, and means of tearing the cover axially displaceable in the neck under the control of an operating member between a standby position and an active position of tearing of the cover.
Lors de la première utilisation du flacon, on doit déchirer l'opercule, ce qui s'effectue généralement à l'aide d'un élément axial relativement pointu déplacé selon une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe du goulot, afin de permettre un écoulement de produit à travers celui-ci. Afin de former de façon fiable dans l'opercule un orifice de dimensions suffisantes pour permettre un écoulement acceptable de fluide, il est nécessaire d'insérer l'élément pointu relativement profondément dans le goulot, et en particulier dans le corps contenant le produit.When the bottle is used for the first time, the cap must be torn, which is generally done using a relatively pointed axial element moved in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the neck, in order to allow a flow. of product through it. In order to reliably form an orifice of sufficient size in the cover to allow an acceptable flow of fluid, it is necessary to insert the pointed element relatively deep in the neck, and in particular in the body containing the product.
L'invention a pour but de fournir un flacon permettant de déchirer de façon fiable l'opercule avec un faible déplacement des moyens de déchirement.The object of the invention is to provide a bottle making it possible to reliably tear the cover with a small displacement of the tearing means.
Elle a donc pour objet un flacon du type précité, caractérisé en ce que l'opercule comporte une zone affaiblie délimitant dans l'opercule au moins un volet escamotable, et une zone d'articulation du volet située entre au moins deux extrémités radialement extérieures de la zone affaiblie, et en ce que les moyens de déchirement comprennent un organe de poussée des volets par appui sur une région du volet voisine de la zone d'articulation.It therefore relates to a bottle of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the cover comprises a weakened zone delimiting in the cover at least one retractable flap, and a zone of articulation of the flap located between at least two radially outer ends of the weakened zone, and in that the tearing means comprise a member for pushing the flaps by pressing on a region of the flap close to the articulation zone.
Le flacon selon l'invention peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :The bottle according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics:
- la zone affaiblie constitue une étoile d'affai- blissement de l'opercule dont les branches délimitent deux à deux dans l'opercule des volets de largeur radia¬ lement croissante en direction de la périphérie de 1'opercule ;- the weakened zone constitutes a star of weakening of the operculum whose branches delimit two by two in the cover of flaps of radially increasing width in the direction of the periphery of the cover;
- l'organe de poussée se termine par une arête circulaire de déchirement de l'opercule ;- The thrust member ends with a circular edge tearing the lid;
- l'organe de poussée est formé par un embout monté sur l'extrémité libre du goulot et traversé longi- tudinalement par un canal d'écoulement de produit fluide, ledit embout comportant une queue de déchirement de l'opercule s'étendant dans le goulot et comportent ladite arête à son extrémité libre ;the pushing member is formed by an end piece mounted on the free end of the neck and traversed longitudinally by a fluid product flow channel, said end piece comprising a tear-off tail extending in the neck and have said edge at its free end;
- le canal d'écoulement de fluide se termine dans la queue par une zone de section progressivement crois¬ sante en direction de ladite arête ; - le corps et l'embout comportent des moyens de positionnement dans au moins deux positions axiales relatives ;- The fluid flow channel ends in the tail by a region of progressively increasing section in the direction of said edge; - The body and the end piece comprise means for positioning in at least two relative axial positions;
- l'embout comporte une jupe axiale entourant le goulot, les moyens de positionnement de l'embout compor- tant des moyens d'encliquetage successifs entre au moins une collerette et au moins un cran situés sur la face externe du goulot et sur la face interne de la jupe ;the end piece comprises an axial skirt surrounding the neck, the means for positioning the end piece comprising successive latching means between at least one flange and at least one notch situated on the external face of the neck and on the face internal of the skirt;
- l'organe de manoeuvre est formé par un capuchon coiffant le goulot et relié au reste du flacon par des moyens frangibles d'inviolabilité et de maintien de l'organe de poussée en position d'attente, ledit capuchon étant axialement déplaçable par rapport au goulot après enlèvement desdits moyens d'inviolabilité ; lesdits moyens d'inviolabilité sont munis intérieurement d'un bourrelet coopérant avec une colle¬ rette ménagée sur la surface externe du flacon, le capuchon comportant intérieurement un bourrelet analogue. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'in¬ vention ressortiront de la description suivante, donnée à titre d'exemple et sans caractère limitatif, en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :- The operating member is formed by a cap covering the neck and connected to the rest of the bottle by frangible tamper-evident means and for holding the pushing member in the waiting position, said cap being axially movable relative to the neck after removal of said inviolability means; said inviolability means are internally provided with a bead cooperating with a colle¬ rette formed on the external surface of the bottle, the cap internally comprising a similar bead. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description, given by way of example and without limitation, with regard to the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective avec coupe partielle d'un flacon pré-assemblé conforme à 1'invention ;- Figure 1 shows a perspective view with partial section of a pre-assembled bottle according to the invention;
- la figure 2 représente une vue schématique en coupe transversale et à plus grande échelle du goulot du flacon de la figure 1 ;- Figure 2 shows a schematic view in cross section and on a larger scale of the neck of the bottle of Figure 1;
- la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne 3-3 de la figure 2 ;- Figure 3 is a sectional view along line 3-3 of Figure 2;
- la figure 4 est une vue schématique et à plus grande échelle d'une partie de l'embout et de l'opercule du flacon de la figure 1 ;- Figure 4 is a schematic view on a larger scale of part of the tip and the lid of the bottle of Figure 1;
- la figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale du flacon de la figure 1 illustrant le déchirement de l'opercule.- Figure 5 is a schematic view in axial section of the bottle of Figure 1 illustrating the tearing of the seal.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté un flacon pré¬ assemblé 10 comprenant un corps creux 12, destiné à recevoir un produit fluide stérile, un embout 14 et un capuchon 16. L'ensemble possède un axe général de symé¬ trie X-X supposé vertical.In Figure 1, there is shown a pre-assembled bottle 10 comprising a hollow body 12, intended to receive a sterile fluid product, a nozzle 14 and a cap 16. The assembly has a general axis of symmetry XX assumed to be vertical .
Le corps creux 12 comporte une extrémité posté¬ rieure et inférieure ouverte 18 destinée à son remplis¬ sage, et une extrémité antérieure et supérieure rétrécie formant un goulot 20 coiffé par le capuchon 16 et sur lequel est emboîté l'embout 14.The hollow body 12 has an open posterior and lower end 18 intended for its filling, and a narrowed front and upper end forming a neck 20 capped by the cap 16 and on which the end piece 14 is fitted.
Le corps 12 comporte en outre un opercule 22 transversal de manière à obturer hermétiquement le goulot, disposé en retrait par rapport à l'orifice de sortie de celui-ci.The body 12 further comprises a transverse cover 22 so as to hermetically seal the neck, arranged back with respect to the outlet orifice thereof.
En se référant aux figures 2 et 3, sur lesquelles certains détails ont été exagérés pour améliorer la compréhension, l'opercule 22 possède sur l'essentiel de sa surface une épaisseur relativement forte et comporte une zone 24 de moindre résistance mécanique fragilisant ledit opercule pour le rendre déchirable.Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, in which certain details have been exaggerated to improve understanding, the cover 22 has a relatively large thickness over most of its surface and comprises a zone 24 of less mechanical resistance weakening said cover to make it tearable.
La zone 24 de moindre résistance mécanique a la forme d'une étoile à quatre branches, telles que 25, régulièrement réparties dans l'opercule 22 de manière à former une croix. Ces branches sont réalisées au moyen d'un fort amincissement des zones correspondantes de l'opercule 22.The zone 24 of less mechanical resistance has the shape of a star with four branches, such as 25, regularly distributed in the cover 22 so as to form a cross. These branches are produced by means of a strong thinning of the corresponding zones of the cover 22.
Les branches 25 de l'étoile d'affaiblissement délimitent deux à deux dans l'opercule 22 des volets escamotables, tels que 25A, de largeur radialement crois¬ sante en direction de la périphérie de l'opercule.The branches 25 of the weakening star delimit two by two in the cover 22 of the retractable flaps, such as 25A, of width radially increasing in the direction of the periphery of the cover.
L'opercule possède ainsi quatre volets de forme triangulaire. II comporte en outre quatre zones d'articulation, telle que 25B, situées à proximité de la périphérie de l'opercule 22 et correspondant chacune à une zone d'arti¬ culation pour un des volets 25A. Les zones d'articula¬ tion, représentées en pointillés sur la figure 2, relient deux à deux les extrémités radialement extérieures de deux branches 25 consécutives.The cover thus has four triangular shaped flaps. It further comprises four articulation zones, such as 25B, located near the periphery of the cover 22 and each corresponding to an articulation zone for one of the flaps 25A. The articulation zones, shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2, connect the radially outer ends of two consecutive branches 25 in pairs.
En se référant à nouveau à la figure 1, le corps 12 comporte de surcroît un siège annulaire 26 et un épaulement coaxial 28, de plus petit diamètre, plus proche du goulot 20. Le siège annulaire 26 est destiné à recevoir une partie du capuchon 16, comme cela sera décrit en détail par la suite.Referring again to Figure 1, the body 12 further comprises an annular seat 26 and a coaxial shoulder 28, of smaller diameter, closer to the neck 20. The annular seat 26 is intended to receive a portion of the cap 16 , as will be described in detail later.
Le flacon 10 comporte en outre des moyens de perforation de l'opercule 22. Selon le mode de réalisa- tion représenté, ces moyens sont constitués par un organe de poussée des volets 25A formé par l'embout 14, emboîté dans le goulot 20.The bottle 10 also comprises means for perforating the cover 22. According to the embodiment shown, these means are constituted by a member for pushing the flaps 25A formed by the end piece 14, fitted into the neck 20.
L'embout 14 est axialement déplaçable dans le goulot 20 entre une position d'attente et une position active de déchirement de l'opercule et comporte une queue 30 de déchirement de cet opercule 22 prolongeant l'embout 14 dans le goulot 20. Comme représenté sur la figure 4, la queue 30 comporte une zone d'extrémité libre de section circulaire se terminant par une arête circulaire 31, formant une zone d'appui circulaire sur une zone d'appui complémentaire 31A des volets 25A pendant le déchirement de l'opercule 22.The end piece 14 is axially movable in the neck 20 between a standby position and an active position of tearing of the cover and has a tail. 30 for tearing this cover 22 extending the end piece 14 in the neck 20. As shown in FIG. 4, the tail 30 has a free end zone of circular section ending in a circular edge 31, forming a zone of circular support on a complementary support area 31A of the flaps 25A during the tearing of the cover 22.
Le diamètre extérieur de la queue 30 est adapté pour que la zone d'appui complémentaire 31A des volets 25A coupe les branches 25 dans leur partie radialement extérieure. Dans l'exemple représenté, cette zone 31A est sensiblement tangente aux zones d'articulation 25B.The outside diameter of the tail 30 is adapted so that the complementary support area 31A of the flaps 25A intersects the branches 25 in their radially outer part. In the example shown, this zone 31A is substantially tangent to the articulation zones 25B.
La queue 30 est prolongée en aval, c'est-à-dire en direction du haut de la figure 1, par un nez 32 débou- chant vers l'extérieur du corps 12. L'embout 14 est traversé longitudinalement par un canal 34 d'écoulement de fluide débouchant d'une part en amont, c'est-à-dire vers le bas de la figure 1, sur l'extrémité libre de la queue 30, et d'autre part en aval sur l'extrémité libre du nez 32.The tail 30 is extended downstream, that is to say towards the top of FIG. 1, by a nose 32 opening towards the outside of the body 12. The end piece 14 is traversed longitudinally by a channel 34 fluid flow opening on the one hand upstream, that is to say downwards of FIG. 1, on the free end of the tail 30, and on the other hand downstream on the free end nose 32.
Le canal 34 d'écoulement de fluide comporte, près de son extrémité amont, un orifice calibré 35 qui définit la perte de charge du canal. Cet orifice 35 est relié à l'arête circulaire 31 par une zone 34A de section trans- versale progressivement croissante en direction de l'orifice amont, procurant au canal une forme évasée.The fluid flow channel 34 has, near its upstream end, a calibrated orifice 35 which defines the pressure drop of the channel. This orifice 35 is connected to the circular edge 31 by a zone 34A of progressively increasing cross section in the direction of the upstream orifice, giving the channel a flared shape.
Le nez 32 comporte à sa base un épaulement annulaire 36 prolongé vers l'amont par une jupe 38 entourant le goulot 20. Par ailleurs, le flacon 10 comporte des moyens de positionnement de la queue de déchirement 30 de l'embout 14 dans le goulot 20 dans au moins deux positions axiales relatives.The nose 32 has at its base an annular shoulder 36 extended upstream by a skirt 38 surrounding the neck 20. Furthermore, the bottle 10 includes means for positioning the tearing tail 30 of the end piece 14 in the neck 20 in at least two relative axial positions.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, ces moyens sont constitués de moyens d'encliquetage succès- sifs formés d'une part d'une couronne de crans 40 incli¬ nés vers le haut, en saillie sur la face interne de la jupe 38, et, d'autre part, de deux collerettes 42 et 44 axialement décalées ménagées sur la surface externe du goulot 20, définissant chacune une rampe supérieure d'encliquetage pour les crans 40 et délimitant deux gorges respectives 45 et 46.In the embodiment shown, these means consist of means of snap-on success- sifs formed on the one hand by a crown of notches 40 incli¬ born upward, projecting from the internal face of the skirt 38, and, on the other hand, by two axially offset flanges 42 and 44 formed on the surface external of the neck 20, each defining an upper snap-on ramp for the notches 40 and delimiting two respective grooves 45 and 46.
L'épaulement 36 comporte, en outre, un ensemble de lumières, telles que 47, destinées à faciliter le démoulage des crans 40.The shoulder 36 further comprises a set of lights, such as 47, intended to facilitate the release of the notches 40.
On pourrait également prévoir, en variante, la couronne de crans sur la surface externe du goulot et les collerettes sur la surface interne de la jupe. Deux rangées de crans sont également envisageables, notamment en combinaison avec une collerette d'encliquetage unique. Le flacon 10 comporte de plus un organe de manoeuvre de l'embout 14.One could also provide, as a variant, the crown of notches on the external surface of the neck and the flanges on the internal surface of the skirt. Two rows of notches are also possible, in particular in combination with a single snap collar. The bottle 10 further comprises a member for operating the end piece 14.
Cet organe est constitué par le capuchon 16, coiffant le goulot 20. Ce capuchon 16 comporte des moyens frangibles d'inviolabilité et de maintien de l'embout 14 en position d'attente. Ces moyens sont formés par une bague amovible 48 d'inviolabilité venue de matière avec le bord libre du capuchon 16. La jonction entre le capuchon 16 et la bague d'inviolabilité 48 est assurée par au moins une zone 49 de moindre épaisseur déchirable, en vue du retrait de cette bague.This member is constituted by the cap 16, covering the neck 20. This cap 16 comprises frangible means of inviolability and of holding the end piece 14 in the waiting position. These means are formed by a removable tamper-evident ring 48 formed integrally with the free edge of the cap 16. The junction between the cap 16 and the tamper-evident ring 48 is provided by at least one zone 49 of less tearable thickness, in view of the removal of this ring.
La bague 48 comporte un bourrelet annulaire interne 50 coopérant avec une collerette d'encliquetage 52 ménagée sur la face externe du goulot 20 et définis- sant au-dessous d'elle une gorge 53.The ring 48 has an internal annular bead 50 cooperating with a latching collar 52 formed on the external face of the neck 20 and defining a groove 53 below it.
En outre, le capuchon 16 comporte un second bourrelet annulaire 54 analogue au bourrelet 50 de la bague 48 et destiné à coopérer avec la même gorge 53 du goulot 20. Il comporte de surcroît, à proximité de sa région supérieure de fond, un ensemble de nervures radiales, telles que 56, formant des surfaces d'appui, destinées à coopérer avec l'épaulement 36 de l'embout 14, et son fond comporte intérieurement un téton central 58 obturant l'orifice aval du canal 34 d'écoulement de fluide de l'embout 14.In addition, the cap 16 comprises a second annular bead 54 similar to the bead 50 of the ring 48 and intended to cooperate with the same groove 53 of the neck 20. It further comprises, near its upper bottom region, a set of ribs radial, such as 56, forming bearing surfaces, intended to cooperate with the shoulder 36 of the endpiece 14, and its bottom internally comprises a central stud 58 closing the downstream orifice of the fluid flow channel 34 of end cap 14.
Au cours de la réalisation du flacon 10, on réalise tout d'abord par injection d'un matériau plasti¬ que, d'une seule pièce, le corps 12, muni de son extré¬ mité postérieure ouverte 18 et de son goulot 20 obturé par l'opercule 22 fragilisé par l'étoile 24 et venu de matière avec le goulot 20. On réalise séparément par injection d'une matière plastique l'embout 14 et le capu¬ chon 16.During the production of the bottle 10, the body 12 is first produced by injection of a plasti¬ material, in one piece, with its open rear end 18 and its closed neck 20 by the cover 22 weakened by the star 24 and formed integrally with the neck 20. The end piece 14 and the capu¬ chon 16 are produced separately by injection of a plastic material.
On engage alors l'embout 14 dans le goulot 20 de telle sorte que la rangée de crans 40 s'encliquette dans l'êchancrure supérieure 45.The end piece 14 is then engaged in the neck 20 so that the row of notches 40 snaps into the upper notch 45.
On emboîte alors le capuchon 16 à force et à chaud sur le goulot 20 jusqu'à le bourrelet annulaire 50 de la bague 48 s'encliquette dans la gorge 53, ce qui l'immobilise par rapport au corps 12. On obtient ainsi le flacon 10 pré-assemblé prêt à être empli.The cap 16 is then fitted by force and hot on the neck 20 until the annular bead 50 of the ring 48 snaps into the groove 53, which immobilizes it relative to the body 12. The bottle is thus obtained 10 pre-assembled ready to be filled.
Pour ce faire, on retourne le flacon, et on emplit le corps creux 12 par son extrémité postérieure 18 ouverte. On obture le fond du flacon 10 par pincement et soudage de cette extrémité postérieure 18. Le flacon se trouve alors dans l'état représenté sur la moitié gauche de la figure 5, dans laquelle l'embout 14 se situe dans sa position d'attente et le capuchon est verrouillé sur le goulot 20. II est à noter que dans cette position, le flacon est étanche et le produit contenu dans le corps creux est parfaitement préservé de toute contamination. Le flacon pré-assemblé peut être rendu stérile, de sorte que les risques de contamination lors du remplissage sont minimi- ses. L'utilisation de ce flacon est alors la suivante. Pour enlever le capuchon 16, l'utilisateur enlève tout d'abord la bague 48 d'inviolabilité. Il applique une pression sur le capuchon en vue d'assurer son déplacement dans l'espace libéré par la bague 48, jusqu'à ce que son bourrelet annulaire 54 s'encliquette dans la gorge 53, et que la tranche d'extrémité du capuchon 16 vienne buter contre le siège 26 du corps 12, celle de l'embout venant alors en regard de l'épaulement 28. Au cours de ce mouvement, les nervures radialesTo do this, the bottle is turned over, and the hollow body 12 is filled by its open rear end 18. The bottom of the bottle 10 is closed off by pinching and welding this rear end 18. The bottle is then in the state shown in the left half of FIG. 5, in which the end piece 14 is in its standby position. and the cap is locked on the neck 20. It should be noted that in this position, the bottle is sealed and the product contained in the hollow body is perfectly preserved from any contamination. The pre-assembled bottle can be made sterile, so that the risk of contamination during filling is minimal. The use of this bottle is as follows. To remove the cap 16, the user first removes the tamper-evident ring 48. It applies pressure to the cap in order to ensure its displacement in the space freed by the ring 48, until its annular bead 54 snaps into the groove 53, and the end edge of the cap 16 abuts against the seat 26 of the body 12, that of the end piece then coming opposite the shoulder 28. During this movement, the radial ribs
56 du capuchon viennent en appui contre l'épaulement 36 de l'embout 14, ce qui provoque le déplacement de celui- ci de sa position d'attente, dans laquelle l'extrémité libre de la queue de déchirement 30 est située en aval, et donc au-dessus, de l'opercule, à sa position active de déchirement de l'opercule 22 représentée sur la moitié droite de la figure 5. Dans cette position, la rangée de crans 40 s'encliquette dans la seconde échancrure 46 du goulot 20, et la queue 30 se termine en amont (au-des- sous) de la périphérie de l'opercule.56 of the cap come to bear against the shoulder 36 of the end piece 14, which causes the latter to move from its standby position, in which the free end of the tearing tail 30 is located downstream, and therefore above, the cover, in its active position of tearing the cover 22 shown in the right half of FIG. 5. In this position, the row of notches 40 snaps into the second notch 46 of the neck 20, and the tail 30 ends upstream (below) of the periphery of the cover.
L'opercule est situé sur le trajet de l'extrémité de la queue 30. Ainsi, au cours de son mouvement, celle- ci provoque la rupture des branches 25 de l'opercule 22 par appui de l'arête 31 sur une région du volet voisine des zones d'articulation 25B, le repliement des volets 25A autour de leur zone d'articulation 25B et par consé¬ quent l'ouverture de l'opercule 22. Dès lors, la communi¬ cation de l'orifice amont du canal d'écoulement de fluide 34 avec l'intérieur du corps 12 est assurée. La configuration de l'opercule et de la queue 30 permet de limiter la course de l'embout 14 nécessaire pour déchirer de façon fiable l'opercule.The cover is located on the path of the end of the tail 30. Thus, during its movement, this causes the branches 25 of the cover 22 to rupture by pressing the edge 31 on a region of the flap close to the articulation zones 25B, the folding of the flaps 25A around their articulation zone 25B and consequently the opening of the cover 22. Consequently, the communication of the upstream orifice of the channel fluid flow 34 with the interior of the body 12 is ensured. The configuration of the cover and of the tail 30 makes it possible to limit the stroke of the end piece 14 necessary to reliably tear the cover.
Le corps 12 du flacon 10 présente de façon connue une structure radialement déformable en vue de faciliter la distribution du produit, et la configuration du canal d'écoulement de fluide 34 est adaptée pour assurer une distribution goutte à goutte du produit.The body 12 of the bottle 10 has in known manner a radially deformable structure in order to facilitate the distribution of the product, and the configuration of the channel of fluid flow 34 is adapted to ensure drop by drop distribution of the product.
Il à noter que tant que le capuchon 16 coiffe le goulot 20, le téton central 58 obture l'orifice aval du canal d'écoulement de fluide 34, afin d'éviter d'une part toute fuite de fluide contenu dans le corps 12 et d'autre part toute contamination de ce liquide lorsque l'opercule 22 a été déchiré.It should be noted that as long as the cap 16 covers the neck 20, the central stud 58 closes the downstream orifice of the fluid flow channel 34, in order to avoid on the one hand any leakage of fluid contained in the body 12 and on the other hand any contamination of this liquid when the cover 22 has been torn.
En variante, la base du capuchon 16 peut être conformée de façon à se visser sur un filetage prévu sur la surface externe du corps 12. La perforation de l'oper¬ cule s'effectue alors par préhension et rotation du capuchon.As a variant, the base of the cap 16 can be shaped so as to be screwed onto a thread provided on the external surface of the body 12. The perforation of the oper¬ cule is then carried out by gripping and rotation of the cap.
L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits.The invention is not limited to the embodiments described.
C'est ainsi que l'opercule peut également présen¬ ter une zone amincie de moindre résistance mécanique ayant d'autres formes géométriques, par exemple une forme circulaire de diamètre légèrement supérieur à celui de l'arête 31.Thus, the cover can also present a thinned zone of less mechanical resistance having other geometric shapes, for example a circular shape with a diameter slightly greater than that of the edge 31.
C'est également ainsi que l'opercule peut égale¬ ment être situé à tout niveau de la tranche d'extrémité du goulot. This is also how the cover can also be located at any level of the end edge of the neck.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Flacon du type comprenant un corps creux (12) destiné à contenir un produit et muni d'une extrémité formant un goulot (20), un opercule transversal déchi- rable (22) obturant ledit goulot (20), et des moyens (14) de déchirement de l'opercule (22) axialement déplaçables dans le goulot, sous la commande d'un organe de manoeu¬ vre (16), entre une position d'attente et une position active de déchirement de l'opercule, caractérisé en ce que l'opercule (22) comporte une zone affaiblie (24) délimitant dans l'opercule au moins un volet escamotable (25A), et une zone (25B) d'articulation du volet située entre au moins deux extrémités radialement extérieures de la zone affaiblie (24), et en ce que les moyens de déchirement (14) comportent un organe de poussée des volets par appui sur une région du volet voisine de la zone d'articulation.1. Bottle of the type comprising a hollow body (12) intended to contain a product and provided with an end forming a neck (20), a tearable transverse cover (22) sealing said neck (20), and means ( 14) for tearing the cover (22) axially displaceable in the neck, under the control of a maneuvering member (16), between a standby position and an active position for tearing the cover, characterized in that the cover (22) comprises a weakened zone (24) delimiting in the cover at least one retractable flap (25A), and a zone (25B) of articulation of the flap situated between at least two radially outer ends of the weakened zone (24), and in that the tearing means (14) comprise a member for pushing the flaps by pressing on a region of the flap close to the articulation zone.
2. Flacon selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone affaiblie (24) constitue une étoile (24) d'affaiblissement de l'opercule dont les branches (25) délimitent deux à deux dans l'opercule (22) des volets de largeur radialement croissante en direction de la périphérie de l'opercule (22).2. Bottle according to claim 1, characterized in that the weakened zone (24) constitutes a star (24) of weakening of the cover whose branches (25) delimit two by two in the cover (22) of the flaps of radially increasing width towards the periphery of the cover (22).
3. Flacon selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caracté- rise en ce que l'organe de poussée (14) se termine par une arête circulaire (31) de déchirement de l'opercule.3. Bottle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pushing member (14) ends in a circular edge (31) for tearing the cover.
4. Flacon selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de poussée est formé par un embout (14) monté sur l'extrémité libre du goulot (20) et traversé longitudinalement par un canal (34) d'écoulement de produit fluide, ledit embout (34) comportant une queue (30) de déchirement de l'opercule s'étendant dans le goulot (20) et comportant ladite arête (31) à son extré¬ mité libre. 4. Bottle according to claim 3, characterized in that the pushing member is formed by a nozzle (14) mounted on the free end of the neck (20) and traversed longitudinally by a product flow channel (34) fluid, said end piece (34) comprising a tail (30) for tearing the cover extending in the neck (20) and comprising said edge (31) at its free end.
5. Flacon selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le canal (34) d'écoulement de fluide se termine dans la queue (30) par une zone (34A) de section trans¬ versale progressivement croissante en direction de ladite arête (31).5. Bottle according to claim 4, characterized in that the fluid flow channel (34) ends in the tail (30) by an area (34A) of transverse cross section progressively increasing in the direction of said edge (31 ).
6. Flacon selon l'une des revendications 4 et 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps (12) et l'embout (14) comportent des moyens de positionnement dans au moins deux positions axiales relatives. 6. Bottle according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the body (12) and the tip (14) comprise positioning means in at least two relative axial positions.
7. Flacon selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'embout (14) comporte une jupe axiale (38) entourant le goulot (20), les moyens de positionnement de l'embout comportant des moyens d'encliquetage successifs entre au moins une collerette (42,44) et au moins un cran (40) situés sur la face externe du goulot (20) et sur la face interne de la jupe (38).7. Bottle according to claim 6, characterized in that the end piece (14) comprises an axial skirt (38) surrounding the neck (20), the means for positioning the end piece comprising successive latching means between at least a collar (42,44) and at least one notch (40) situated on the external face of the neck (20) and on the internal face of the skirt (38).
8. Flacon selon l'une quelconque des revendica¬ tions 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de manoeuvre est formé par un capuchon (16) coiffant le goulot (20) et relié au reste du flacon par des moyens frangibles (48) d'inviolabilité et de maintien de l'organe de poussée (14) en position d'attente, ledit capuchon (16) étant axialement déplâçable par rapport au goulot (20) après enlèvement desdits moyens d'inviolabilité (48). 8. Bottle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the operating member is formed by a cap (16) covering the neck (20) and connected to the rest of the bottle by frangible means ( 48) of inviolability and of holding the pushing member (14) in the waiting position, said cap (16) being axially displaceable relative to the neck (20) after removal of said inviolability means (48).
9. Flacon selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens d'inviolabilité (48) sont munis intérieurement d'un bourrelet (50) coopérant avec une collerette (52) ménagée sur la surface externe du flacon, le capuchon (16) comportant intérieurement un bourrelet analogue. 9. Bottle according to claim 8, characterized in that said tamper-evident means (48) are internally provided with a bead (50) cooperating with a flange (52) formed on the external surface of the bottle, the cap (16) internally comprising a similar bead.
EP95911374A 1995-02-01 1995-03-02 Product dispensing bottle Expired - Lifetime EP0807065B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9501174 1995-02-01
FR9501174A FR2729924B1 (en) 1995-02-01 1995-02-01 PRODUCT DISPENSING BOTTLE
PCT/FR1995/000253 WO1996023707A1 (en) 1995-02-01 1995-03-02 Product dispensing bottle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0807065A1 true EP0807065A1 (en) 1997-11-19
EP0807065B1 EP0807065B1 (en) 1998-11-04

Family

ID=9475743

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95911374A Expired - Lifetime EP0807065B1 (en) 1995-02-01 1995-03-02 Product dispensing bottle

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5992692A (en)
EP (1) EP0807065B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE172930T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69505849T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2127515T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2729924B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996023707A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2729924B1 (en) 1997-04-11
EP0807065B1 (en) 1998-11-04
ES2127515T3 (en) 1999-04-16
DE69505849D1 (en) 1998-12-10
US5992692A (en) 1999-11-30
ATE172930T1 (en) 1998-11-15
FR2729924A1 (en) 1996-08-02
WO1996023707A1 (en) 1996-08-08
DE69505849T2 (en) 1999-04-01

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