EP0768507A1 - Geformter ballistischer Gegenstand - Google Patents
Geformter ballistischer Gegenstand Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0768507A1 EP0768507A1 EP96202774A EP96202774A EP0768507A1 EP 0768507 A1 EP0768507 A1 EP 0768507A1 EP 96202774 A EP96202774 A EP 96202774A EP 96202774 A EP96202774 A EP 96202774A EP 0768507 A1 EP0768507 A1 EP 0768507A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- moulded article
- monolayer
- ballistic
- matrix
- content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
- F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ballistic-resistant moulded article containing a compressed stack of monolayers, with each monolayer containing unidirectionally oriented reinforcing fibres and a polymer as matrix, the fibre direction in each monolayer being rotated with respect to the fibre direction in an adjacent monolayer.
- a moulded article is called a UD-composite.
- the invention also relates to a process for manufacturing the moulded article.
- a moulded article of this kind is described in US-A-4,623,574, in which the matrix consists of an elastomer.
- a disadvantage of this structure is that the structural stiffness and dimensional stability of these moulded articles are unacceptably low for many applications.
- US-A-4,623,574 also describes moulded articles with a high structural stiffness but these have an unacceptably low protection level and an unacceptably high backface deformation upon the impact of a projectile. On account of the high backface deformation their application for body protection is out of the question because of the risk of injury (trauma effect).
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a ballistic-resistant moulded article which on the one hand has a high structural stiffness and dimensional stability and on the other hand offers a high protection level and a low trauma effect.
- the reinforcing fibers being aramid fibers, the matrix polymer having a modulus of elasticity of more than 200 MPa, the monolayer having a fiber content of between 20 and 145 g/m 2 and the monolayer having a matrix content of at most 25 wt.%.
- a further advantage of the moulded article according to the invention is that the moulded article retains its good ballistic-resistant properties at high temperatures (for example above 90°C) and does not delaminate upon repeated exposure to high temperatures because it is dimensionally stable. Because of these properties the moulded article is very suitable for protecting non-living objects (off-the-body armour), for example as a structural member of military vehicles, helicopters and the like.
- the fibre content in the monolayer in the ballistic-resistant moulded article according to the invention is preferably between 20 and 120 g/m 2 . More preferably, the fibre content in the monolayer is at most 100 g/m 2 and most preferably at most 75 g/m 2 .
- the advantage of a lower fibre content is that, in combination with the use of the specified matrix material, a lower matrix content may suffice to achieve sufficient fibre bonding as a result of which the advantages of the invention are even more pronounced.
- a fibre content of less than 20 g/m 2 is unattractive from an economic point of view. In view of obtaining even better anti-ballistic properties the matrix content of the ballistic resistant moulded article is preferably choosen as low as possible.
- the matrix content of the ballistic-resistant moulded article according to the invention is preferably at most 15 wt% and more preferably at most 10 wt%.
- the matrix in the moulded article consists of a polymer with a modulus of elasticity higher than 200 MPa.
- the modulus of elasticity of the matrix material is determined to ASTM D638. It has been found that very good results are obtained if the matrix polymer in the ballistic-resistant moulded article contains a vinyl ester.
- the monolayer can be manufactured by known methods, for example as described in US-A-4.623.574. Preferably by pulling a number of fibres, preferably in the form of continuous multifilament yarns, from a fibre bobbin frame over a comb, causing them to be parallelly oriented in one plane. Preferably, before or after being parallelly oriented in one plane the fibres are coated with a quantity of a liquid substance which contains the matrix material or a precursor which at a later stage in the manufacture of the moulded article reacts to form the polymeric matrix material with the required modulus of elasticity. Precursor is here understood to be a monomer, an oligomer or a crosslinkable polymer. The liquid substance may be a solution, a dispersion or a melt.
- the moulded article is manufactured by stacking a number of monolayers crosswise in a known manner, preferably at an angle of about 90°, and forming the stack into a consolidated structure via an increase in temperature and/or pressure.
- the moulded article is preferably manufactured by compressing monolayers onto each other at a compressive pressure of at least 1 MPa, preferably at least 2.5 and most preferably at least 5 MPa at a temperature of more than 100°C and subsequently cooling without pressure.
- the great advantage of this method is a much shorter cycle time, leading to a substantial reduction in production costs.
- the monolayer is preferably manufactured by wetting continuous multifilament yarns with a solution of the matrix material.
- the viscosity of the solution is preferably lower than 500 mPa.s.
- the advantage of this is that it enables the required low matrix percentage in the moulded article according to the invention to be achieved more easily while a good fibre bond, which is required in view of the objective of the invention, is maintained.
- good wetting of the filaments in the yarns is achieved on account of the low viscosity, despite the small total amount of matrix material applied.
- the viscosity of the solution of the matrix material is measured with the aid of a Brookfield viscometer according to ASTM D2393-68.
- the yarn titre is preferably at least 800 denier, more preferably at least 1,200 and most preferably at least 1,500 denier.
- the ballistic-resistant moulded article according to the invention obtainable according to the method described above preferably has an SEA of at least 25 Jm 2 /kg, more preferably at least 28, even more preferably at least 30 and most preferably at least 32 Jm 2 /kg.
- Backface deformation is preferably at most 20 mm, more preferably at most 15 mm. SEA and backface deformation are defined in the example.
- a monolayer was manufactured using the method and apparatus described in WO 95/00318.
- As matrix material a vinyl ester polymer based on Adlac 580/05® mixed with Dispercol KA 8584® in combination with Trigonox C® as curing agent was used. The modulus of elasticity of the matrix material was 3800 MPa.
- the matrix material was dissolved in styrene.
- the viscosity of the solution was 200 mPas. The solution was applied by passing the fibres through the solution.
- a flat moulded article (30x30 cm.) was made by compressing 160 monolayers of 55.5 g/m 2 at 120°C for 20 minutes at a pressure of 10 bar, after which the moulded article was cooled without pressure.
- the specific energy absorption (SEA) was determined according to the STANAG 2920 test, in which .22 calibre FSPs (Fragment Simulating Projectile), hereinafter referred to as fragments, with a weight of 1.1 g (to US MIL-P-46593), are fired at the ballistic structure in a defined manner.
- the energy absorption (EA) is calculated from the kinetic energy of a fragment having the V 50 velocity.
- the V 50 is the velocity at which the probability of bullets penetrating the ballistic structure is 50%.
- the specific energy absorption (SEA) is calculated by dividing the energy absorption EA by the areal density AD of the moulded article.
- the trauma effect is measured by placing the ballistic-resistant moulded article against a clay background and measuring the depth of the backface deformation upon impact.
- the V 50 was 707 m/s
- the SEA was 31 Jm 2 /kg
- backface deformation was 15 mm.
- the stiffness was high, which means that the moulded article proves to be suitable for use in structural mouldings.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1001415A NL1001415C2 (nl) | 1995-10-13 | 1995-10-13 | Antiballistisch vormdeel. |
NL1001415 | 1995-10-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0768507A1 true EP0768507A1 (de) | 1997-04-16 |
EP0768507B1 EP0768507B1 (de) | 2001-01-17 |
Family
ID=19761700
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96202774A Expired - Lifetime EP0768507B1 (de) | 1995-10-13 | 1996-10-04 | Geformter ballistischer Gegenstand und Herstellungsverfahren dafür |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0768507B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69611587T2 (de) |
IL (1) | IL119411A (de) |
NL (1) | NL1001415C2 (de) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000061435A1 (en) * | 1999-03-20 | 2000-10-19 | Survival, Incorporated | Ballistic resistant panel and method of making |
EP1627719A1 (de) | 2004-08-16 | 2006-02-22 | FMS Enterprises Migun Ltd. | Mehrschichtiges Polyethylenmaterial und davon hergestellter ballistisch sicherer Gegenstand. |
ES2260998A1 (es) * | 2004-03-26 | 2006-11-01 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Metodo de moldeo por compresion de termoplasticos reforzados. |
US7629277B2 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2009-12-08 | Honeywell International Inc. | Frag shield |
US8021592B2 (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2011-09-20 | Propex Operating Company Llc | Process for fabricating polypropylene sheet |
US8052913B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2011-11-08 | Propex Operating Company Llc | Process for fabricating polymeric articles |
US8664328B2 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2014-03-04 | Dow Corning Corporation | Emulsions of boron crosslinked organopolysiloxanes |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0197279A2 (de) * | 1985-02-28 | 1986-10-15 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Mehrfach zusammengesetztes Material mit Beschussfestigkeit |
EP0199019A2 (de) * | 1985-02-25 | 1986-10-29 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Beschussfestes Gewebe |
US4623574A (en) * | 1985-01-14 | 1986-11-18 | Allied Corporation | Ballistic-resistant composite article |
GB2227450A (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-08-01 | Tong Yang Nylon Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing a fabric reinforced composite article having ballisticresistance |
US5006390A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1991-04-09 | Allied-Signal | Rigid polyethylene reinforced composites having improved short beam shear strength |
US5124195A (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1992-06-23 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Flexible coated fibrous webs |
US5173138A (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 1992-12-22 | Blauch Denise A | Method and apparatus for the continuous production of cross-plied material |
EP0658589A1 (de) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-06-21 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Hochfesterverbundwerkstoff |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4820568A (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-04-11 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Composite and article using short length fibers |
-
1995
- 1995-10-13 NL NL1001415A patent/NL1001415C2/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-10-04 EP EP96202774A patent/EP0768507B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-04 DE DE69611587T patent/DE69611587T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-11 IL IL11941196A patent/IL119411A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4623574A (en) * | 1985-01-14 | 1986-11-18 | Allied Corporation | Ballistic-resistant composite article |
EP0199019A2 (de) * | 1985-02-25 | 1986-10-29 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Beschussfestes Gewebe |
EP0197279A2 (de) * | 1985-02-28 | 1986-10-15 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Mehrfach zusammengesetztes Material mit Beschussfestigkeit |
GB2227450A (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-08-01 | Tong Yang Nylon Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing a fabric reinforced composite article having ballisticresistance |
US5006390A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1991-04-09 | Allied-Signal | Rigid polyethylene reinforced composites having improved short beam shear strength |
US5124195A (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1992-06-23 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Flexible coated fibrous webs |
US5173138A (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 1992-12-22 | Blauch Denise A | Method and apparatus for the continuous production of cross-plied material |
EP0658589A1 (de) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-06-21 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Hochfesterverbundwerkstoff |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6562435B1 (en) | 1999-03-20 | 2003-05-13 | Survival, Incorporated | Method for forming or securing unindirectionally-oriented fiber strands in sheet form, such as for use in a ballistic-resistant panel |
WO2000061435A1 (en) * | 1999-03-20 | 2000-10-19 | Survival, Incorporated | Ballistic resistant panel and method of making |
US8021592B2 (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2011-09-20 | Propex Operating Company Llc | Process for fabricating polypropylene sheet |
US8871333B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2014-10-28 | Ian MacMillan Ward | Interlayer hot compaction |
US8052913B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2011-11-08 | Propex Operating Company Llc | Process for fabricating polymeric articles |
US8268439B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2012-09-18 | Propex Operating Company, Llc | Process for fabricating polymeric articles |
US9403341B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2016-08-02 | Propex Operating Company Llc | Interlayer hot compaction |
US10850479B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2020-12-01 | Canco Hungary Investment Ltd. | Process for fabricating polymeric articles |
ES2260998A1 (es) * | 2004-03-26 | 2006-11-01 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Metodo de moldeo por compresion de termoplasticos reforzados. |
EP1627719A1 (de) | 2004-08-16 | 2006-02-22 | FMS Enterprises Migun Ltd. | Mehrschichtiges Polyethylenmaterial und davon hergestellter ballistisch sicherer Gegenstand. |
EP3015240A1 (de) | 2004-08-16 | 2016-05-04 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Ein- oder mehrschichtige polyethylenmaterialien und davon hergestellter ballistisch sicherer gegenstand |
EP3231571A1 (de) | 2004-08-16 | 2017-10-18 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Mehrschichtiges polyethylenmaterial und daraus hergestellte ballistisch sichere gegenstände |
US7629277B2 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2009-12-08 | Honeywell International Inc. | Frag shield |
US8664328B2 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2014-03-04 | Dow Corning Corporation | Emulsions of boron crosslinked organopolysiloxanes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69611587D1 (de) | 2001-02-22 |
EP0768507B1 (de) | 2001-01-17 |
DE69611587T2 (de) | 2001-08-23 |
IL119411A (en) | 2001-08-08 |
NL1001415C2 (nl) | 1997-04-15 |
IL119411A0 (en) | 1997-01-10 |
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