EP0764765A1 - Rotor blades vibration damping device - Google Patents

Rotor blades vibration damping device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0764765A1
EP0764765A1 EP96401990A EP96401990A EP0764765A1 EP 0764765 A1 EP0764765 A1 EP 0764765A1 EP 96401990 A EP96401990 A EP 96401990A EP 96401990 A EP96401990 A EP 96401990A EP 0764765 A1 EP0764765 A1 EP 0764765A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
damping
disc
arrangement according
elements
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP96401990A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Stenneler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA, SNECMA SAS filed Critical Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
Publication of EP0764765A1 publication Critical patent/EP0764765A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3092—Protective layers between blade root and rotor disc surfaces, e.g. anti-friction layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
    • F01D11/006—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor
    • F01D11/008—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor by spacer elements between the blades, e.g. independent interblade platforms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/22—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/26—Antivibration means not restricted to blade form or construction or to blade-to-blade connections or to the use of particular materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S416/00—Fluid reaction surfaces, i.e. impellers
    • Y10S416/50—Vibration damping features

Definitions

  • the invention results in a damping arrangement for blades mounted on a rotor disc.
  • weights are arranged between pairs of neighboring blades, under platforms adjoining these blades, of which the goal is to delimit the gas flow stream.
  • the centrifugal force projects the weights against the internal faces of the platforms and more precisely at mid-distance from the blades, because the internal faces of the adjacent platforms form a vault.
  • the vibrations have the essential effect of displacing the platforms laterally, which exerts a friction of the platforms against the weights, in which the energy of the vibrations dissipates.
  • French patent 2,669,686 illustrates another damping system, where the space between two blades is occupied by a damping element composed of two masses in contact with the blades and a semi-circular leaf spring which connects the masses.
  • the center of the spring is curved radially outwards and the masses arrive almost at the surface of the disc and at the foot of the blades.
  • the centrifugal forces push the masses outwards, which straightens the spring since its center is retained in a support piece linked to the disc and the platforms: the spring therefore spreads the masses from one another and presses them against the blades, which produces friction dampening vibrations.
  • the subject of the invention is a damping arrangement intended for rotor blades which may not have an integrated platform. More precisely, the arrangement chosen comprises damping elements fixed to the disc and coming to bear on the stilts. The geometry of these elements is studied so that the bearing face of an element on the stilt and the radial plane passing through the center of gravity of the element are arranged on either side of the radial plane passing through the fixing of the element on the disc.
  • the figures all include certain common elements, and in particular a disc 1 of rotor, cells 2 parallel and hollowed out on the surface of the disc 1, and blades 3 partially shown and whose base portion is a stilt 4 terminated by a lug 5 engaged in the cell 2. As each cell 2 tightens around from stilt 4 to the edge of the post, which is wider, the latter is trapped in cell 2.
  • the damping element 10 forms a sheath around the tenon 5 and the sides 6 of the stilts 4, against which it is extended by two tongues 11 and 12.
  • the sides 6 are deformed in front of the tongues 11 and 12.
  • the intermediate part 13 of the damping element 10 which unites the tongues 11 and 12 between them, sheaths the post 5 and rests partly on the surface of the cell 2. It is therefore pinched between the disc 1 and the post 5.
  • the tongue 11 is continuous along the stilt 4, while that 12 in the left half is crenellated and discontinuous.
  • the damping properties are similar, or even improved with the discontinuous tongue, because of its lower rigidity which allows it to adapt more easily to the shape of 3 curved blades.
  • the tongues 11 and 12 comprise a straight portion 14, extending the intermediate portion 13 upwards and slightly separated from the sidewall 6, and an upper lip 15 at the end of the straight portion 14, of thickened section and which rests against the sidewall 6.
  • This upper lip 15 rubs along the sidewall 6 when the tongue 11 or 12 which carries it deforms, which dissipates the energy of the vibrations into heat.
  • the surface of the upper lip 15 must be sufficiently smooth, or at least executed with precision, to rest properly on the flank 6, but the rest of the tongue 11 or 12 can be made more roughly.
  • FIG. 1B shows an alternative embodiment in which the damping element is similar to element 10 (with continuous tongues 11), except that the lips 15 are extended in the direction opposite to the blade 3 by a platform 21 slightly distant from another of the adjacent damping element 20 to cover as well as possible the disk 1 of the rotor and delimit the gas flow stream, replacing the platforms integrated with other categories of blades, located in the same place and of the same shape.
  • the damping elements 10 and 20, as well as those whose description follows, can be constructed of metal such as steel or titanium to withstand centrifugal forces.
  • FIG. 2A Another design is shown in FIG. 2A, where the damping elements only extend over one of the flanks 6 of the stilt 4. There are therefore two per blade 3, and, in a similar manner to FIG. 1A, has shown two different types which bear the references 30 (on the right) and 31 (on the left). This is because here too the tongues, here respectively 32 and 33, may or may not be continuous along the flanks 6.
  • the intermediate part 13 is omitted and replaced by a base 34, curved sideways for the free from the stilt 4 and allow it to be housed in a groove 35 of the disc 1, adjacent to a cell 2 and disposed at the edge thereof, on one side of its opening.
  • the entire tongue 32 or 33 does not rest on the sidewall 6, because the straight part 36 which extends over the greater part of the width of the damping element 30 or 31 is separated from the sidewall 6 by a clearance , and only the lip 37 opposite the base 34 dampens the vibrations by rubbing against the side 6.
  • the base 34 is retained in the groove 35 by an interlocking which prevents the elements 30 from being torn off in an outwardly directed movement and can be produced by bending the base 34 and the groove 35.
  • the articulation point A of FIG. 1A is here located at the base 34, and the preceding reasoning is still valid because the lip 37 causes the tongue 32 to flex under the effect of centrifugal forces to rub on the side 6 of the blade 3.
  • Platform elements 55 can be added to this device between two damping elements 30 or 31. They are retained between oblique external faces 56 of the damping elements 30 and 31 and therefore cannot escape outwards when the disc 1 turns. But they can reinforce the pressure of the outer lips 37 on the sides 6.
  • the damping elements thus modified may receive shape modifications to ensure that the moment of rotation applied to them by centrifugal forces still presses their friction surface against the flank 6 of the blade 3, despite the transformation of their connection to the disc. 1.
  • the tongues 11, 12, 32 and 33 could rest on the stilts 4 like the outer lips 15 and 37.

Abstract

The damper consists of an insert (10) which fits into the turbine disc socket (2) surrounding the blade root (5) and made with projections (11) which extend along the sides of the blade and end in lips (15). Each lip has a centre of gravity (G) which is offset relative to a plane parallel to the side of the blade and passing through its point of articulation. The damper can be made in two sections with shaped ends set in grooves in the disc on either side of the blade socket, and adjacent dampers can be linked by platforms which can be made in one piece with the dampers or separately from them.

Description

L'invention ressortit à un agencement amortissant pour des aubes montées sur un disque de rotor.The invention results in a damping arrangement for blades mounted on a rotor disc.

Un des problèmes importants à résoudre à la conception des turbomachines est de réduire le plus les vibrations auxquelles les aubes montées sur les rotor sont soumises.One of the important problems to be solved in the design of turbomachines is to reduce the vibrations to which the blades mounted on the rotors are subjected as much as possible.

De nombreuses solutions ont été proposées, dont les plus nombreuses sont peut-être celles dont le brevet français 2 619 158 donne une illustration : des masselottes sont disposées entre des paires d'aubes voisines, sous des plates-formes jointives de ces aubes, dont le but est de délimiter la veine d'écoulement des gaz. Quand le rotor tourne, la force centrifuge projette les masselottes contre les faces internes des plates-formes et plus précisément à mi-distance des aubes, car les faces internes des plates-formes adjacentes dessinent une voûte. Les vibrations ont pour effet essentiel de déplacer les plates-formes latéralement, ce qui exerce un frottement des plates-formes contre les masselottes, dans lequel l'énergie des vibrations se dissipe.Many solutions have been proposed, the most numerous of which are perhaps those of which French patent 2,619,158 gives an illustration: weights are arranged between pairs of neighboring blades, under platforms adjoining these blades, of which the goal is to delimit the gas flow stream. When the rotor turns, the centrifugal force projects the weights against the internal faces of the platforms and more precisely at mid-distance from the blades, because the internal faces of the adjacent platforms form a vault. The vibrations have the essential effect of displacing the platforms laterally, which exerts a friction of the platforms against the weights, in which the energy of the vibrations dissipates.

Le brevet français 2 669 686 illustre un autre système d'amortissement, où l'espace entre deux aubes est occupé par un élément amortissant composé de deux masses au contact des aubes et d'un ressort en lame semi-circulaire qui relie les masses. Le centre du ressort est bombé radialement vers l'extérieur et les masses arrivent presque à la surface du disque et au pied des aubes. Quand le rotor tourne, les forces centrifuges repoussent les masses vers l'extérieur, ce qui redresse le ressort puisque son centre est retenu dans une pièce de support liée au disque et aux plates-formes : le ressort écarte donc les masses l'une de l'autre et les presse contre les aubes, ce qui produit un frottement amortissant les vibrations.French patent 2,669,686 illustrates another damping system, where the space between two blades is occupied by a damping element composed of two masses in contact with the blades and a semi-circular leaf spring which connects the masses. The center of the spring is curved radially outwards and the masses arrive almost at the surface of the disc and at the foot of the blades. When the rotor turns, the centrifugal forces push the masses outwards, which straightens the spring since its center is retained in a support piece linked to the disc and the platforms: the spring therefore spreads the masses from one another and presses them against the blades, which produces friction dampening vibrations.

Cet effet est analogue à celui qui est obtenu avec le dispositif différent de l'invention, mais il est moins facilement exploitable car le ressort est difficile à dimensionner convenablement : s'il est trop rigide, les masses ne s'écarteront pas beaucoup, et s'il est trop souple, il se déformera sans repousser suffisamment les masses. Les frottements des masses sur les aubes seront donc insuffisants dans les deux cas.This effect is analogous to that which is obtained with the device different from the invention, but it is less easily exploitable because the spring is difficult to dimension properly: if it is too rigid, the masses will not deviate much, and if it is too flexible, it will deform without repelling the masses sufficiently. The friction of the masses on the blades will therefore be insufficient in both cases.

D'autres défauts de ce système ont trait à l'existence de la pièce de support du centre du ressort, qui alourdit l'agencement, et à la position des masses près du pied des aubes, qui ne vibrent que faiblement. L'effet de l'amortissement est donc peu perceptible même si le ressort fonctionne parfaitement.Other shortcomings of this system relate to the existence of the support piece in the center of the spring, which weighs down the arrangement, and to the position of the masses near the base of the blades, which vibrate only weakly. The damping effect is therefore hardly noticeable even if the spring works perfectly.

Cependant, en particulier pour les soufflantes destinées aux turbomachines à grand taux de dilution et forte poussée, les procédés actuels de réalisation des aubes de grande dimension, qu'il s'agisse d'aubes creuses ou d'aubes en matériau composite, conduisent à des aubes sans plate-forme. Entre elles, la veine aérodynamique est alors assurée par des plates-formes indépendantes, directement solidaires du disque. Les solutions existantes mentionnées ci-dessus pour amortir les vibrations des aubes deviennent alors inapplicables.However, in particular for blowers intended for turbomachines with a high rate of dilution and strong thrust, the current methods of producing large blades, whether they are hollow blades or blades made of composite material, lead to blades without platform. Between them, the aerodynamic stream is then provided by independent platforms, directly attached to the disc. The existing solutions mentioned above for damping the vibrations of the blades then become inapplicable.

L'invention a pour objet un agencement amortissant destiné à des aubes de rotor éventuellement dépourvues de plate-forme intégrée. Plus précisément, l'agencement retenu comprend des éléments amortissants fixés au disque et venant s'appuyer sur les échasses. La géométrie de ces éléments est étudiée de façon que la face d'appui d'un élément sur l'échasse et le plan radial passant par le centre de gravité de l'élément soient disposés de part et d'autre du plan radial passant par la fixation de l'élément sur le disque.The subject of the invention is a damping arrangement intended for rotor blades which may not have an integrated platform. More precisely, the arrangement chosen comprises damping elements fixed to the disc and coming to bear on the stilts. The geometry of these elements is studied so that the bearing face of an element on the stilt and the radial plane passing through the center of gravity of the element are arranged on either side of the radial plane passing through the fixing of the element on the disc.

Dans ces conditions, en rotation, l'action du champ centrifuge exerce un couple de rappel de l'élement vers l'échasse qui se traduit par une force de contact au niveau de la face d'appui de l'élément sur l'échasse.Under these conditions, in rotation, the action of the centrifugal field exerts a return torque of the element towards the stilt which results in a contact force at the level of the bearing face of the element on the stilt. .

Les déplacements de l'échasse, induits par les vibrations de l'aube, conduisent alors à un phénomène de frottement relatif assurant la dissipation de l'énergie vibratoire de l'aube.The displacements of the stilt, induced by the vibrations of the blade, then lead to a phenomenon of relative friction ensuring the dissipation of the vibratory energy of the blade.

Plusieurs réalisations assez différentes peuvent être proposées, dont on fera la description détaillée ci-dessous. Généralement, il est possible d'adapter les éléments amortissants pour leur adjoindre une plate-forme délimitant la veine d'écoulement des gaz, ou pour leur permettre de porter une telle plate-forme sous forme d'un élément séparé. Ces plates-formes remplacent celles qui sont intégrées aux aubes dans les conceptions traditionnelles.Several quite different realizations can be proposed, which will be described in detail below. Generally, it is possible to adapt the damping elements to add to them a platform delimiting the gas flow stream, or to allow them to carry such a platform in the form of a separate element. These platforms replace those that are integrated with the blades in traditional designs.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite en détail à l'aide des figures suivantes annexées à titre illustratif et non limitatif :

  • * la figure lA représente une première réalisation de l'invention,
  • * la figure 1B représente une modification de cette réalisation,
  • * la figure 2A représente une deuxième réalisation de l'invention,
  • * et la figure 2B représente une modification de cette réalisation.
The invention will now be described in detail with the aid of the following figures, which are given by way of illustration and not limitation:
  • FIG. 1A represents a first embodiment of the invention,
  • * FIG. 1B represents a modification of this embodiment,
  • FIG. 2A represents a second embodiment of the invention,
  • * and FIG. 2B represents a modification of this embodiment.

Les figures comprennent toutes certains éléments communs, et en particulier un disque 1 de rotor, des alvéoles 2 parallèles et creusés à la surface du disque 1, et des aubes 3 partiellement représentées et dont la portion de base est une échasse 4 terminée par un tenon 5 engagé dans l'alvéole 2. Comme chaque alvéole 2 se resserre autour de l'échasse 4 à la lisière du tenon, qui est plus large, ce dernier est emprisonné dans l'alvéole 2.The figures all include certain common elements, and in particular a disc 1 of rotor, cells 2 parallel and hollowed out on the surface of the disc 1, and blades 3 partially shown and whose base portion is a stilt 4 terminated by a lug 5 engaged in the cell 2. As each cell 2 tightens around from stilt 4 to the edge of the post, which is wider, the latter is trapped in cell 2.

Dans une première conception de l'invention, l'élément amortissant 10 forme une gaine autour du tenon 5 et des flancs 6 des échasses 4, contre lesquels il se prolonge par deux languettes 11 et 12. Quand les vibrations sont produites, les flancs 6 se déforment devant les languettes 11 et 12. La partie intermédiaire 13 de l'élément amortissant 10, qui unit les languettes 11 et 12 entre elles, gaine le tenon 5 et s'appuie en partie sur la surface de l'alvéole 2. Elle est donc pincée entre le disque 1 et le tenon 5.In a first design of the invention, the damping element 10 forms a sheath around the tenon 5 and the sides 6 of the stilts 4, against which it is extended by two tongues 11 and 12. When the vibrations are produced, the sides 6 are deformed in front of the tongues 11 and 12. The intermediate part 13 of the damping element 10, which unites the tongues 11 and 12 between them, sheaths the post 5 and rests partly on the surface of the cell 2. It is therefore pinched between the disc 1 and the post 5.

On a en fait représenté deux variantes de conception analogues sur la même figure : dans la moitié de droite, la languette 11 est continue le long de l'échasse 4, alors que celle 12 de la moitié de gauche est crénelée et discontinue. Les propriétés amortissantes sont analogues, voire améliorées avec la languette discontinue, à cause de sa plus faible rigidité qui lui permet de s'adapter plus facilement à la forme d'aubes 3 galbées. Dans tous les cas, les languettes 11 et 12 comprennent une partie droite 14, prolongeant la partie intermédiaire 13 vers le haut et légèrement séparée du flanc 6, et une lèvre supérieure 15 à l'extrémité de la partie droite 14, de section épaissie et qui repose contre le flanc 6. Cette lèvre supérieure 15 frotte le long du flanc 6 quand la languette 11 ou 12 qui la porte se déforme, ce qui dissipe l'énergie des vibrations en chaleur. La surface de la lèvre supérieure 15 doit être suffisamment lisse, ou du moins exécutée avec précision, pour bien reposer sur le flanc 6, mais le reste de la languette 11 ou 12 peut être fabriqué plus grossièrement.Two similar design variants have in fact been shown in the same figure: in the right half, the tongue 11 is continuous along the stilt 4, while that 12 in the left half is crenellated and discontinuous. The damping properties are similar, or even improved with the discontinuous tongue, because of its lower rigidity which allows it to adapt more easily to the shape of 3 curved blades. In all cases, the tongues 11 and 12 comprise a straight portion 14, extending the intermediate portion 13 upwards and slightly separated from the sidewall 6, and an upper lip 15 at the end of the straight portion 14, of thickened section and which rests against the sidewall 6. This upper lip 15 rubs along the sidewall 6 when the tongue 11 or 12 which carries it deforms, which dissipates the energy of the vibrations into heat. The surface of the upper lip 15 must be sufficiently smooth, or at least executed with precision, to rest properly on the flank 6, but the rest of the tongue 11 or 12 can be made more roughly.

Il est bon d'expliquer plus en détail le comportement de l'élément 10. On peut estimer que la languette 11 est articulée au disque 1 en un point A situé dans l'alvéole 2. Or le centre de gravité G de la lèvre supérieure 15 est séparé de l'échasse 4 par le plan P parallèle à cette échasse 4 et passant par le point d'articulation A. Il s'ensuit que les forces centrifuges font tourner la lèvre supérieure 15 dans le sens de la flèche F et la pressent contre l'échasse 4, ce qui garantit le contact et l'amortissement. Il faut simplement que la languette 11 soit assez flexible pour permettre cette rotation. On apprécie encore dans cette conception d'éléments amortissants 10 l'inexistence de moyens spéciaux pour les maintenir en place et la possibilité d'exercer l'amortissement sur la partie de l'échasse 4 la plus utile pour cela, en choisissant librement la longueur de la languette 11 : en général, l'amortissement devra être exercé aux ventres des modes propres de vibration, assez loin du disque 1.It is good to explain in more detail the behavior of the element 10. It can be estimated that the tongue 11 is articulated to the disc 1 at a point A located in the cell 2. Now the center of gravity G of the upper lip 15 is separated from the stilt 4 by the plane P parallel to this stilt 4 and passing through the articulation point A. It follows that the centrifugal forces rotate the upper lip 15 in the direction of the arrow F and the press against stilt 4, which guarantees contact and damping. It is simply necessary that the tongue 11 is flexible enough to allow this rotation. We also appreciate in this design of damping elements 10 the absence of special means to hold them in place and the possibility of exercising damping on the part of the stilt 4 most useful for this, by freely choosing the length of the tongue 11: in general, the damping will have to be exerted on the bellies of the natural modes of vibration, quite far from the disc 1.

Le même raisonnement s'applique aux languettes 12, ainsi qu'aux autres réalisations dont la description suit.The same reasoning applies to the tongues 12, as well as to the other embodiments, the description of which follows.

La figure 1B représente une variante de réalisation dans laquelle l'élément amortissant est semblable à l'élément 10 (avec des languettes continues 11), si ce n'est que les lèvres 15 sont prolongées en direction opposée à l'aube 3 par une plate-forme 21 faiblement distante d'une autre de l'élément amortissant 20 voisin pour recouvrir aussi bien que possible le disque 1 du rotor et délimiter la veine d'écoulement des gaz, en remplacement des plates-formes intégrées à d'autres catégories d'aubes, situées au même endroit et de même forme.FIG. 1B shows an alternative embodiment in which the damping element is similar to element 10 (with continuous tongues 11), except that the lips 15 are extended in the direction opposite to the blade 3 by a platform 21 slightly distant from another of the adjacent damping element 20 to cover as well as possible the disk 1 of the rotor and delimit the gas flow stream, replacing the platforms integrated with other categories of blades, located in the same place and of the same shape.

Les éléments amortissants 10 et 20, de même que ceux dont la description suit, peuvent être construits en métal tel que l'acier ou le titane pour résister aux efforts centrifuges.The damping elements 10 and 20, as well as those whose description follows, can be constructed of metal such as steel or titanium to withstand centrifugal forces.

Une autre conception est représentée à la figure 2A, où les éléments amortissants ne s'étendent que sur un des flancs 6 de l'échasse 4. On en trouve donc deux par aube 3, et, de façon analogue à la figure 1A, on en a représenté de deux types différents qui portent les références 30 (à droite) et 31 (à gauche). C'est qu'ici aussi les languettes, ici respectivement 32 et 33, peuvent être continues ou non le long des flancs 6. Dans tous les cas, la partie intermédiaire 13 est omise et remplacée par une base 34, incurvée de côté pour la dégager de l'échasse 4 et permettre de la loger dans une rainure 35 du disque 1, adjacente à un alvéole 2 et disposée à la lisière de celui-ci, d'un côté de son ouverture. Ici encore, toute la languette 32 ou 33 ne repose pas sur le flanc 6, car la partie droite 36 qui s'étend sur la plus grande partie de la largeur de l'élément amortissant 30 ou 31 est séparée du flanc 6 par un jeu, et seule la lèvre 37 à l'opposé de la base 34 amortit les vibrations en frottant sur le flanc 6.Another design is shown in FIG. 2A, where the damping elements only extend over one of the flanks 6 of the stilt 4. There are therefore two per blade 3, and, in a similar manner to FIG. 1A, has shown two different types which bear the references 30 (on the right) and 31 (on the left). This is because here too the tongues, here respectively 32 and 33, may or may not be continuous along the flanks 6. In all cases, the intermediate part 13 is omitted and replaced by a base 34, curved sideways for the free from the stilt 4 and allow it to be housed in a groove 35 of the disc 1, adjacent to a cell 2 and disposed at the edge thereof, on one side of its opening. Here again, the entire tongue 32 or 33 does not rest on the sidewall 6, because the straight part 36 which extends over the greater part of the width of the damping element 30 or 31 is separated from the sidewall 6 by a clearance , and only the lip 37 opposite the base 34 dampens the vibrations by rubbing against the side 6.

La base 34 est retenue dans la rainure 35 par un emboîtement qui interdit d'arracher les éléments 30 d'un mouvement dirigé vers l'extérieur et peut être réalisé en recourbant la base 34 et la rainure 35. Le point d'articulation A de la figure lA est ici situé à la base 34, et le raisonnement précédent est encore valable car la lèvre 37 fait fléchir la languette 32 sous l'effet des forces centrifuges pour frotter sur le flanc 6 de l'aube 3.The base 34 is retained in the groove 35 by an interlocking which prevents the elements 30 from being torn off in an outwardly directed movement and can be produced by bending the base 34 and the groove 35. The articulation point A of FIG. 1A is here located at the base 34, and the preceding reasoning is still valid because the lip 37 causes the tongue 32 to flex under the effect of centrifugal forces to rub on the side 6 of the blade 3.

On peut ajouter à ce dispositif des éléments de plate-forme 55 entre deux éléments amortissants 30 ou 31. Ils sont retenus entre des faces extérieures obliques 56 des éléments amortissants 30 et 31 et ne peuvent donc s'échapper vers l'extérieur quand le disque 1 tourne. Mais ils peuvent renforcer la pression des lèvres extérieures 37 sur les flancs 6.Platform elements 55 can be added to this device between two damping elements 30 or 31. They are retained between oblique external faces 56 of the damping elements 30 and 31 and therefore cannot escape outwards when the disc 1 turns. But they can reinforce the pressure of the outer lips 37 on the sides 6.

On a représenté sur la figure 2B une modification (référencée 40) de l'élément d'amortissement 30 : elle comprend encore un élément de plate-forme 41 semblable par ailleurs à celui (21) de la figure 1B et qui possède les mêmes avantages pour canaliser les gaz. Mais comme les éléments amortissants 40 ne sont pas autrement différents des éléments 30, aucune description supplémentaire n'est nécessaire.There is shown in Figure 2B a modification (referenced 40) of the damping element 30: it also comprises a platform element 41 similarly similar to that (21) of Figure 1B and which has the same advantages to channel the gases. But since the damping elements 40 are not otherwise different from the elements 30, no further description is necessary.

Les joints à emboîtement par lesquels les éléments amortissants sont retenus dans les réalisations des figures 2A et 2B ne sont pas les seuls concevables. Un mode de fixation tout aussi intéressant implique l'emploi d'une charnière, ou d'autres éléments mécaniques de liaison tels que des vis.The interlocking joints by which the damping elements are retained in the embodiments of FIGS. 2A and 2B are not the only conceivable ones. An equally interesting method of attachment involves the use of a hinge, or other mechanical connecting elements such as screws.

Les éléments amortissants ainsi modifiés pourront recevoir des modifications de forme pour assurer que le moment de rotation qui leur est appliqué par les forces centrifuges presse toujours leur surface de frottement contre le flanc 6 de l'aube 3, malgré la transformation de leur liaison au disque 1.The damping elements thus modified may receive shape modifications to ensure that the moment of rotation applied to them by centrifugal forces still presses their friction surface against the flank 6 of the blade 3, despite the transformation of their connection to the disc. 1.

Les languettes 11, 12, 32 et 33 pourraient s'appuyer sur les échasses 4 comme les lèvres extérieures 15 et 37.The tongues 11, 12, 32 and 33 could rest on the stilts 4 like the outer lips 15 and 37.

Claims (9)

Agencement amortissant pour des aubes (3) munies d'échasses (4) terminées par des tenons (5) de fixation engagés dans des alvéoles (2) d'un disque (1) de rotor, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des éléments amortissants (10, 20, 30, 40) liés au disque et comprenant une partie (15, 37) reposant sur les échasses (4).Damping arrangement for blades (3) provided with stilts (4) terminated by studs (5) for fixing engaged in cells (2) of a rotor disc (1), characterized in that it comprises elements shock absorbers (10, 20, 30, 40) linked to the disc and comprising a part (15, 37) resting on the stilts (4). Agencement de plate-forme selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments amortissants comprennent, à partir d'un point d'articulation (A, 34) au disque (1), une languette (11, 32) flexible s'étendant devant les échasses (4) et une lèvre (15, 37) reposant sur les échasses.Platform arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping elements comprise, from a point of articulation (A, 34) to the disc (1), a flexible tongue (11, 32) extending in front of the stilts (4) and a lip (15, 37) resting on the stilts. Agencement de plate-forme selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la lèvre a un centre de gravité (G) séparé de l'échasse par un plan (P) parallèle à l'échasse et passant par le point d'articulation (A).Platform arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the lip has a center of gravity (G) separated from the stilt by a plane (P) parallel to the stilt and passing through the point of articulation (A ). Agencement amortissant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments amortissants (10, 20) sont retenus dans les alvéoles (2), entre le disque (1) et les aubes (3).Damping arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping elements (10, 20) are retained in the cells (2), between the disc (1) and the blades (3). Agencement amortissant selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments amortissants (10, 20) entourent les tenons de fixation et reposent sur les deux côtés des échasses.Damping arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the damping elements (10, 20) surround the fixing lugs and rest on both sides of the stilts. Agencement amortissant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments amortissants (30, 40) sont retenus par des bords (34) dans des rainures (35) du disque.Damping arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping elements (30, 40) are retained by edges (34) in grooves (35) of the disc. Agencement amortissant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments amortissants sont fixés au disque.Damping arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping elements are fixed to the disc. Agencement amortissant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que certains au moins des éléments amortissants comprennent une partie de plate-forme intégrée (21, 41).Damping arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that at least some of the damping elements comprise an integrated platform part (21, 41). Agencement amortissant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des éléments de plate-forme (55) assemblés aux éléments amortissants.Damping arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises platform elements (55) assembled with the damping elements.
EP96401990A 1995-09-21 1996-09-19 Rotor blades vibration damping device Ceased EP0764765A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9511080 1995-09-21
FR9511080A FR2739136B1 (en) 1995-09-21 1995-09-21 DAMPING ARRANGEMENT FOR ROTOR BLADES

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US5791877A (en) 1998-08-11
FR2739136A1 (en) 1997-03-28
FR2739136B1 (en) 1997-10-31

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