EP0739317A1 - Method of producing an article with a body of glass having protective coatings of polymeric material - Google Patents
Method of producing an article with a body of glass having protective coatings of polymeric materialInfo
- Publication number
- EP0739317A1 EP0739317A1 EP94930394A EP94930394A EP0739317A1 EP 0739317 A1 EP0739317 A1 EP 0739317A1 EP 94930394 A EP94930394 A EP 94930394A EP 94930394 A EP94930394 A EP 94930394A EP 0739317 A1 EP0739317 A1 EP 0739317A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- friction
- glass
- polymeric material
- article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D23/00—Details of bottles or jars not otherwise provided for
- B65D23/08—Coverings or external coatings
- B65D23/0807—Coatings
- B65D23/0814—Coatings characterised by the composition of the material
- B65D23/0821—Coatings characterised by the composition of the material consisting mainly of polymeric materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/42—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating of an organic material and at least one non-metal coating
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of producing an article of glass, especially a glass container, having a protective coating of poly ⁇ meric material.
- the invention further concerns an article of glass produced according to this method, as well as the use of a special agent for producing the coating on the article of glass.
- glass containers are advantageous in many ways.
- the glass is absolutely impervious, does not attract tastes or smells to it, and usually is easy to recycle.
- glass con- tainers are also brittle and are often felt to be unnecessarily heavy, not least by the consumer.
- the glass surface is easily scratched or otherwise damaged, which may drastically reduce the strength of the glass.
- a returnable glass bottle is coated with two protec ⁇ tive polymer layers.
- the inner layer essentially consists of styrene- butadiene rubber (SBR), which has good qualities of shock absorption and retention, while the outer layer essentially consists of polyure ⁇ thane (PU), which primarily inhibits wear.
- SBR styrene- butadiene rubber
- PU polyure ⁇ thane
- a primer coating is preferably applied to the glass surface as a first step.
- the primer coat ⁇ ing consists of metal oxide, such as stannic oxide.
- an additional coating of organic material is preferably applied to the primer layer.
- This addi ⁇ tional coating for instance consisting of a fatty acid ester, then serves to reduce the friction between the bottles as they are handled in the production line.
- the coating technique described above has its drawbacks, the most serious being the fact that the outer PU layer results in too high a friction between the bottles as these are handled in the filling machines and washing installations commonly employed when recycling the bottles.
- the coefficient of friction between two bottles subjected to a load of, respectively, 5 kg and 30 kg (dry and wet surfaces, respectively) has been found to be 0.3-0.6.
- the coefficient of friction should be much lower, pre ⁇ ferably in the range of 0.1-0.2 or, which is even better, lower than that.
- the corre- sponding values for the coefficient of friction between two untreated glass surfaces are about 0.6-0.8.
- a further drawback is that the lye solution used for washing the bottles may have an adverse effect on the protective qualities of the PU layer.
- articles of glass are sometimes coated with a very thin polymer layer, optionally with an intermediate primer coating of metal oxide, for instance stannic oxide, in which case coefficients of friction as low as 0.1-0.2 have been obtained. If there is no preceding primer treatment, the adhesion of the polymer coating will, however, be imperfect, and the polymer coating will thus be worn off or washed off when the articles of glass are cleaned in a basic environment, which constitutes a compulsory step in the recycl ⁇ ing process.
- DE-A-24 56 318 discloses a further instance of background art, in which a protective coating applied to an article of glass consists of polyethylene in one embodiment.
- GB-A- 1 ,347, 655 describes the application of an outer coating of polyester or epoxy plastic to a rub ⁇ ber layer that has been applied to a glass bottle.
- US-A- 3,920,869 describes the application to a glass container of a first coating of metal oxide, to which is applied an additional coating of fatty acid, to which is finally applied an outer coating of e.g. polyethy ⁇ lene.
- One object of the invention is to remedy the above drawbacks by providing a method of producing an article of glass , especially a glass container, which is equipped with an improved protective coating of polymeric material and has a low coefficient of friction.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a returnable glass container which, with retained or increased strength and a low coef ⁇ ficient of friction, can be refilled at least 20 times after being washed in lye solution.
- a further object of the invention is to provide an article of glass and a use thereof remedying the above-mentioned drawbacks of the background art.
- a first aspect of the invention in accordance with appended claim 1 provides a method of production, in which a number of diffe ⁇ rent coatings and layers are applied to the article of glass in such a manner as to be strongly bonded to each other and to the glass. If such a protective coating is applied to a glass container, the latter will be well suited for recycling, since this coating protects the glass sur- face against damage, enables a lighter glass container, reduces the degrading effect the ultraviolet light has on the contents of the con ⁇ tainer, and in addition is highly resistant to repeated mechanical wear and the effects of a basic environment, because the low friction on the outer surface can be maintained.
- the protective coating has a retentive effect if the glass container is crushed, which helps to pre ⁇ vent injuries, e.g. cuts caused by fragmented glass.
- a second aspect of the invention in accordance with appended claim 2 provides a method of production, in which a special friction- reducing agent is admixed to the elastic polymer layer to which the outermost friction-reducing coating is applied. This combination of two friction-reducing measures results in a protective coating having a very low coefficient of friction in the order of 0.1, as desired.
- Fig. 1 shows a glass bottle produced in accordance with the invention
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged, schematic partial section of the wall of the glass bottle
- Fig. 3 shows how two glass bottles are tested as to friction
- Figs 4-6 show different curves for the coefficient of friction of a glass bottle provided with a projective coating according to the inven ⁇ tion;
- Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the coatings and layers that are applied to the glass in accordance with the invention.
- Fig. 8 shows a curve illustrating the pressure strength when a PU coating is provided.
- Fig. 1 shows a glass bottle 1 that has been produced according to a first variant of the inventive method.
- Fig. 2 is a partial section illustrating the coatings and layers 3-7 applied to the body 2 of the bottle 1. These coatings and layers will be described in more detail below. It should be emphasised that Fig. 2 is but a schematic view, which does not show the thicknesses of the coatings according to scale.
- the glass bottle 1 is produced as follows.
- a coating 3, e.g. of stannic oxide, is applied to the glass body 2 at a temperature of about 450-650°C.
- the coating 3 is applied in an amount of about 3-10 ⁇ g/cm 2 and to a "thickness" of up to about 0.05 ⁇ m.
- the bottle 1 is conveyed through a station where a gaseous stannic compound is present in the form of a mist that reacts with the glass surface to form the coating of stannic oxide 3.
- the coating of stannic oxide 3 forms a so-called primer, which adheres strongly to the glass surface and to which an additional layer of polymeric material may be applied.
- the coating 3 consists of some suitable metal oxide, such as stannic oxide or titanium oxide. Natu- rally, other primer materials are also conceivable.
- a coating 4 is applied to the coating of stannic oxide 3.
- the coating 4 contains organic material having a friction-reducing effect, for instance a fatty acid ester such as polyoxyethylene glycerol fatty acid ester, which is applied in an amount of about 0.1- 10 ⁇ g/cm 2 and to a "thickness" of up to about 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the coating 4 may alternatively consist of some other organic material, such as unsaturated fatty acids or the like.
- the coating 4 serves to reduce the friction to such an extent that the bottles can be handled in the production line without risking any bad scratches or similar defects before the application of the pro ⁇ jective polymer layers.
- SBR styrene rubber
- the SBR layer 5 is dried at a temperature of about 80-120°C, preferably about 100°C.
- the shock-absorbing and retentive layer 5 is produced by immersing the rotating bottle 1 in a bath that contains SBR in aqueous emulsion, whereupon the bottle is dried.
- the wear-inhibiting PU layer 6 which has a thickness of about 20-60 ⁇ m, is produced by applying an aqueous emulsion containing PU to the SBR layer 5, whereupon drying is performed at a temperature of about 80-120°C, preferably about 100°C. Also in this case, the bottle is immersed in a bath that contains PU in aqueous emulsion. Thereafter, the SBR and PU layers 5, 6 are jointly cured at a temperature of about 160-190°C, preferably about 170- 180°C. After cooling to about 60- 150°C, a final, outer coating 7 of polyethylene (PE) is applied to the PU layer 6.
- PE polyethylene
- the PE coating 7 which is applied in an amount of about 0.1-10 ⁇ g/cm 2 , is produced by applying an aqueous emulsion containing polyethylene to the PU layer, whereupon drying is performed.
- the "thickness" of the coating 7 is approximately 0.01-0.1 ⁇ m.
- Fig. 3 shows how two glass bottles, which in accordance with the invention have been provided with the coatings and the layers 3-7, are rubbed against one another to enable measuring of the coefficient of friction therebetween.
- the curves in Figs 4-6, which will be describ ⁇ ed in the following, are based on such tests.
- Fig. 4 shows the coefficient of friction for bottles which are provided with SBR and PU coatings and which further have been immersed in a 2% water-based PE solution.
- the coefficient of friction is about 0.2, and the corresponding value at a load of 5 kg on a wet surface is slightly below 0.2.
- These values for the coefficient of friction are much lower than those that can be obtained with an untreated SBR+PU surface, in which case the coefficient of friction has been found to be about 0.3-0.5.
- Fig. 5 illustrates a similar friction test at a load of 30 kg on dry and wet surfaces with the same coatings.
- the coefficient of fric ⁇ tion is well below 0.2, which is highly desirable.
- Fig. 6 shows the coefficient of friction for different numbers of washings of bottles having the same coatings. The curve in Fig. 6 is based on tests simulating a number of refilling cycles including wash ⁇ ing. The purpose was to test how well the PE coating could withstand several washings in a basic environment. The bottles were immersed in a 3% NaOH solution at a tempe ⁇ rature of 80°C for 10 min.
- the bottles were rinsed in a water bath at a temperature of 80°C for 0.5 min, as well as rinsed under running water at a temperature of 60°C for 1.5 min. Thereafter, the bottles were allowed to dry and cool off to room temperature, where ⁇ upon the coefficient of friction between the bottles was measured. This washing cycle was repeated 10 times, and the friction was mea- sured every time.
- the friction measurements accounted for in Fig. 6 show that the PE coating is able to withstand repeated washing in lye solution as above without losing its friction-reducing effect.
- the coefficient of friction is in the range of 0.1-0.2, depending on the load and on whether the surface is dry or wet.
- Fig. 6 shows the above-mentioned coatings and layers 3-7, which here have been separated for illustrative purposes. In the Figure, a few typical thicknesses are indicated.
- a friction-reduc ⁇ ing agent is admixed to the polyurethane that is to form the layer 6.
- This admixture which is carried out before the application of the PU layer 6, is produced by adding a polyolefin or, which is preferred, a wax or silicone emulsion to the polyurethane, which preferably is based on polyether.
- a wax or silicone emulsion is produced by adding a polyolefin or, which is preferred, a wax or silicone emulsion to the polyurethane, which preferably is based on polyether.
- excellent results have been obtained by the addition of a wax emulsion containing ethylene-bis-stearamide.
- the choice of the friction-reducing agent is not critical, as long as the aimed-at low coefficient of friction is obtained.
- a PE coating is applied to the PU layer to which wax has been added.
- This invention is applicable to frosted glass bottles, which have been frosted e.g. by the admixture of silicon dioxide to the PU layer, with or without the addition of a wax or silicone emulsion mentioned above.
- the final PE coating effectively protects the frosted surface.
- a decorative layer e.g. epoxy-based
- a decorative layer which e.g. may include text
- such a decorative layer may be introduced between the glass surface and the primer coating.
- polyethylene has been given as a non-restrict ⁇ ing example of the polymeric material used in the outer friction-reduc ⁇ ing coating. Tests have shown that other polymers having the same effect may well be used. Thus, polyolefins, including olefinic homo- polymers as well as copolymers, are especially preferred. The choice of material is not critical, as long as the aimed-at effect is achieved. However, “pure" homopolymers, such as polyethylene (LD as well as HD) and polypropylene, are preferred, primarily for environmental reasons and reasons of cost.
- PU layer 6 is applied directly to the glass surface, whereupon the PE coating 7 is applied as the final coating.
- Fig. 8 shows a curve that illu- strates the enhanced pressure strength.
- a pressure strength enhance ⁇ ment of about 30% is obtained, as compared with pure glass.
- coefficients of friction of about 0.2-0.3 are obtained.
- the PU layer can be applied to a primer coating.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9303357 | 1993-10-12 | ||
SE9303357A SE9303357L (en) | 1993-10-12 | 1993-10-12 | Methods of preparing a glass article with protective coatings of polymeric material |
PCT/SE1994/000960 WO1995010487A1 (en) | 1993-10-12 | 1994-10-12 | Method of producing an article with a body of glass having protective coatings of polymeric material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0739317A1 true EP0739317A1 (en) | 1996-10-30 |
Family
ID=20391406
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94930394A Withdrawn EP0739317A1 (en) | 1993-10-12 | 1994-10-12 | Method of producing an article with a body of glass having protective coatings of polymeric material |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0739317A1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE9303357L (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995010487A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2742746B1 (en) | 1995-12-22 | 1998-03-13 | Verreries Souchon Neuvesel | GLASS CONTAINER OR THE LIKE OF AN ELASTOMER LAYER AND COATING METHOD THEREOF |
DE19960068A1 (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2000-08-31 | Bayerische Flaschen Glashuette | Cold-coating process for hollow glass containers, e.g. beer bottles, involves coating with aqueous dispersions of polyurethane and polyethylene |
BRPI0810599A2 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2014-10-21 | Coca Cola Co | INTEGRATED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COATING GLASS CONTAINERS, AND RETURNABLE COATED GLASS CONTAINER |
DE102011009980A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-02 | Peter Heinze | Use of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) as an additive to protective coatings |
USD696116S1 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2013-12-24 | Ball Corporation | Beverage container |
USD684059S1 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2013-06-11 | Ball Corporation | Beverage container |
USD725472S1 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2015-03-31 | Ball Corporation | Beverage container |
AU2013226034C1 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2016-10-27 | Corning Incorporated | Glass articles with low-friction coatings |
US11497681B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2022-11-15 | Corning Incorporated | Glass articles with low-friction coatings |
US10737973B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2020-08-11 | Corning Incorporated | Pharmaceutical glass coating for achieving particle reduction |
US9988174B2 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2018-06-05 | Corning Incorporated | Delamination resistant glass containers |
US10273048B2 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2019-04-30 | Corning Incorporated | Delamination resistant glass containers with heat-tolerant coatings |
US9034442B2 (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2015-05-19 | Corning Incorporated | Strengthened borosilicate glass containers with improved damage tolerance |
US10117806B2 (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2018-11-06 | Corning Incorporated | Strengthened glass containers resistant to delamination and damage |
TWI705946B (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2020-10-01 | 美商康寧公司 | Glass articles and methods for improving the reliability of glass articles |
USD812478S1 (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2018-03-13 | Ball Corporation | Metal bottle |
EP3206998B1 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2021-09-08 | Corning Incorporated | Methods for producing strengthened and durable glass containers |
USD809390S1 (en) | 2015-01-05 | 2018-02-06 | Ball Corporation | Metal bottle |
EP3150564B1 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2018-12-05 | Corning Incorporated | Halogenated polyimide siloxane chemical compositions and glass articles with halogenated polylmide siloxane low-friction coatings |
TWI825443B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2023-12-11 | 美商康寧公司 | Glass articles with mixed polymer and metal oxide coatings |
USD804309S1 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2017-12-05 | Ball Corporation | Metal bottle |
JP2023129854A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-09-20 | 東洋ガラス株式会社 | Coated glass container and method for producing the same |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1408346A (en) * | 1973-03-14 | 1975-10-01 | United Glass Ltd | Surface treatment of glass containers |
AU7574574A (en) * | 1973-11-28 | 1976-05-27 | Marion Glen Waggoner | Ionic copolymer coatings for glass |
US4053076A (en) * | 1976-06-03 | 1977-10-11 | The Dexter Corporation | Coatings for shatterproofing glass bottles |
-
1993
- 1993-10-12 SE SE9303357A patent/SE9303357L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1994
- 1994-10-12 WO PCT/SE1994/000960 patent/WO1995010487A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-10-12 EP EP94930394A patent/EP0739317A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9510487A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE9303357D0 (en) | 1993-10-12 |
SE9303357L (en) | 1995-04-13 |
WO1995010487A1 (en) | 1995-04-20 |
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