EP0728579B1 - Doctor blade for intaglio printing machine, method and apparatus for manufacturing same - Google Patents
Doctor blade for intaglio printing machine, method and apparatus for manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0728579B1 EP0728579B1 EP95102802A EP95102802A EP0728579B1 EP 0728579 B1 EP0728579 B1 EP 0728579B1 EP 95102802 A EP95102802 A EP 95102802A EP 95102802 A EP95102802 A EP 95102802A EP 0728579 B1 EP0728579 B1 EP 0728579B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- doctor blade
- cathodes
- gap
- treated
- approximately
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F9/00—Rotary intaglio printing presses
- B41F9/06—Details
- B41F9/08—Wiping mechanisms
- B41F9/10—Doctors, scrapers, or like devices
- B41F9/1072—Blade construction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a doctor blade for cooperation with the Surface of a gravure cylinder and a method and a device for producing such a doctor blade.
- rotogravure machines are in the surface of the Form cylinder wells etched or engraved with the color to be transferred to the paper web contain.
- the excess ink is removed from the roller surface removed by means of a squeegee.
- This is a thin steel sheet with resilient properties.
- the Squeegee is made of high-strength, wear-resistant material manufactured so that the highest possible number of copies with each a squeegee can be printed.
- the engraved or etched The surface layer of the gravure cylinder usually exists Made of copper and is to achieve higher wear resistance chrome-plated. Let with such known doctor blade arrangements only in exceptional cases more (cylinder revolutions) reach as a million because if you exceed this Number both the wear of the doctor blade and the cylinder surface do not allow adequate print quality.
- the invention has for its object the doctor blade wear and / or reduce cylinder wear to higher To reach circulation numbers or one for a given circulation number to enable higher print quality.
- the invention solves this problem by the features of Claim 1.
- a method for producing an inventive Doctor blade is specified in claim 6, a device for Implementation of this method in claim 13.
- the electrochemical The removal process as such is state of the art is known and is described, for example, in Maschinenre 95 (1989, No. 36, pages 94 to 97).
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the electrochemical Removal process (also electro chemical machining or Called ECM process) not only deburred the squeegee, but Surprisingly, a tribological change in the doctor surface causes such that in the operation of the invention Squeegee the above-described constant formation of ridges and nicks is avoided and the lifespan so significantly increased.
- electrochemical Removal process also electro chemical machining or Called ECM process
- a squeegee according to the invention has a completely different surface structure. It is about a uniform crater structure with many very small craters or bags that have approximately the shape of spherical caps. These craters or pockets usually form along the grain boundaries of the doctor blade material. This changed Surface structure creates a completely new tribological Mating between gravure roll and doctor blade, in particular the wing is increased.
- the contact pressure of the invention Squeegees can be compared to conventional squeegees Be reduced by half.
- the doctor blade according to the invention is advantageously made of steel manufactured. Their training as Thin section squeegee. A thin-section squeegee points at its tip a plane-parallel or approximately plane-parallel lamella, which lies against the rotogravure roller. Such a doctor blade does not have to be resharpened, but is used until the Slat is worn off. With such a thin section squeegee it is of course of particular advantage if the ridges and Pitting of the prior art is avoided.
- At least the lamella surface is advantageously the Thin-section doctor blade subjected to an electrochemical removal process been.
- about 3 to 40% is preferred about 5 to 20%, more preferably about 10% of the Doctor blade surface subjected to an electrochemical removal process been. It is not necessary those surface areas to treat the doctor blade electrochemically in the Support squeegees are clamped and with the cylinder surface cannot come into contact.
- the invention further relates to a method for electrochemical Removing material from the surface of a squeegee.
- the doctor blade to be treated is an anode in a gap arranged between at least two cathodes.
- an electrolyte for example an aqueous sodium chloride or Sodium nitrate solution.
- cathodes are only in arranged in the gap area in which the to be treated Part of the doctor surface is located.
- the method is advantageously a Continuous process in which the doctor blade to be treated as Doctor tape preferably passes continuously through the gap.
- gap includes everyone in the context of this application appropriate space between the cathodes that carry out of electrochemical removal allowed.
- anodic surface treatment limited only a part of the doctor surface by which Reduce power consumption and thus heat development.
- the removal process is limited to a part of the doctor blade width and thus reduces the electrochemical active area, while still the entire doctor blade width for anode contact and is therefore available for the power supply.
- the concentration of the available electricity to a smaller one Effective area increases the current density in this effective area and hence the electrochemical removal rate.
- the surface area to be treated is advantageously a laminar flow of electrolyte flows around the doctor blade. On this way, an undesired passivation of the to be treated Squeegee surface avoided or reduced.
- the doctor surface subjected to the electrochemical removal process according to the invention is advantageously a Roll electrode used. But it can also be a used plate electrode resilient on the squeegee will.
- the voltage present between the anode and cathodes is advantageously 2 to 20 V, preferably about 4 to 10 V.
- the current strength used is advantageously 50 to 600 A, preferably about 100 to 200 A.
- the inventive device for performing the inventive Method has a gap in which the Doctor blade arranged as an anode between at least two cathodes is.
- the cathodes are only arranged in the gap area in which the part of the doctor surface to be treated is located located. This arrangement is advantageously chosen so that about 3 to 40%, preferably about 5 to 20%, further preferably about 10% of the doctor surface electrochemically be treated.
- the doctor blade is used for anode contacting advantageously used a roller electrode.
- Fig. 1 is a thin-section doctor blade according to the invention Squeegee 1 shown. It lies with the top of one Lamella 2 on a gravure cylinder 3. It is from one Support squeegee 4, which in turn is held in a squeegee holder 5 is clamped.
- the doctor blade 1 is usually between 0.15 and 0.4 mm thick, the thickness of the lamella 2 is approximately 0.05 to 0.1 mm.
- the width of the lamella 2 is usually between 0.6 and 1.8 mm. Only when the slat is torn off in this width squeegee 1 must be replaced.
- the Overall width of the doctor blade 1 is generally between about 10 and 60 mm.
- Fig. 2 shows schematically the device for electrochemical Squeegee treatment.
- An endless squeegee belt 1 runs through one arranged between the plate cathodes 6 and 7 Processing gap 8 in which there is electrolyte.
- One with anode roller 9 connected to the positive pole of a direct current source contacts the doctor blade 1.
- the roller is drivable and transports the doctor blade 1 through the processing gap 8.
- There may be additional, not shown in the drawing Transport devices for the doctor blade 1 are available.
- the Plate cathodes 6, 7 are with the negative pole of this current source connected. Spacers 10, which are preferably made of ceramic Material exist, prevent the doctor blade 1, the plate cathodes 6, 7 touched and a short circuit occurs.
- the doctor blade Before entering the electrochemical processing station the doctor blade is usually mechanically pre-ground and degreased.
- the resulting iron hydroxide is filtered out of the electrolyte, the resulting hydrogen is sucked off and with Air so diluted that no deflagration can occur.
- the electrochemical removal process is similar to that of pre-grinding resulting chastity and changes the stroke geometry of the treated surface part in that described above dome-like crater structure.
- 3 to 5 is the electrochemical processing station presented in detail.
- the plate electrodes or -cathodes 6, 7 limit the area passed by the doctor blade 1 Machining gap up and down. 3 and 4 is can be seen that the plate electrodes 6, 7 over a large Part of the width of the machining gap with an insulating layer 11 are provided.
- the doctor blade strip connected as an anode 1 are therefore only in the area passing through the lamella 2 of the machining gap cathodes 6, 7 opposite. It takes place therefore only in the area of this slat 2 and in one immediately adjacent surface area of the doctor blade 1 an electrochemical Material removal instead.
- the plate electrodes 6, 7 have electrolyte chambers 12, which are fed with inlets 13 with electrolyte solution.
- An aqueous sodium chloride or sodium nitrate solution is preferred used.
- the electrolyte solution flows through openings 14 from the electrolyte chambers 12 into the machining gap. It this creates a laminar flow of electrolyte between the Doctor blade 1 and the plate electrodes 6, 7.
- the electrolyte solution emerges from the side of the machining gap, through Collected facilities, not shown, filtered, and returned to the electrolyte chambers 12 in the circuit.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rakel zum Zusammenwirken mit der Oberfläche eines Tiefdruckzylinders sowie ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer solchen Rakel.The invention relates to a doctor blade for cooperation with the Surface of a gravure cylinder and a method and a device for producing such a doctor blade.
Bei Tiefdruck-Rotationsmaschinen sind in die Oberfläche des Formzylinders näpfchenförmige Vertiefungen eingeätzt oder eingraviert, die die auf die Papierbahn zu übertragende Farbe enthalten. Die überschüssige Farbe wird von der Walzenoberfläche mittels einer Rakel abgenommen. Im Stand der Technik ist dies ein dünnes Stahlblatt mit federnden Eigenschaften. Die Rakel wird aus hochfestem, verschleißbeständigem Material gefertigt, damit eine möglichst hohe Auflagenzahl mit jeweils einer Rakel gedruckt werden kann. Die gravierte oder geätzte Oberflächenschicht des Tiefdruckzylinders besteht in der Regel aus Kupfer und ist zur Erzielung höherer Verschleißfestigkeit verchromt. Mit derartigen bekannten Rakelanordnungen lassen sich nur ausnahmsweise Auflagen (Zylinderumdrehungen) von mehr als einer Million erreichen, weil beim Überschreiten dieser Zahl sowohl der Verschleiß der Rakel als auch der Zylinderoberfläche keine hinreichende Druckqualität gestatten.In rotogravure machines are in the surface of the Form cylinder wells etched or engraved with the color to be transferred to the paper web contain. The excess ink is removed from the roller surface removed by means of a squeegee. In the state of the art this is a thin steel sheet with resilient properties. The Squeegee is made of high-strength, wear-resistant material manufactured so that the highest possible number of copies with each a squeegee can be printed. The engraved or etched The surface layer of the gravure cylinder usually exists Made of copper and is to achieve higher wear resistance chrome-plated. Let with such known doctor blade arrangements only in exceptional cases more (cylinder revolutions) reach as a million because if you exceed this Number both the wear of the doctor blade and the cylinder surface do not allow adequate print quality.
Aus offenkundiger Vorbenutzung bekannte Rakeln werden im Zuge ihrer Herstellung durch mechanische Verfahren oberflächengeglättet und entgratet. Im Betrieb dieser Rakel wird Rakelmaterial plastisch in Mikrokontakten mit dem Zylinder verformt, in Drehrichtung des Zylinders weitertransportiert und sammelt sich an der Rakelspitze unter Bildung neuer Grate an. Diese neuen Grate brechen dann während des Betriebs unter erneuter Schartenbildung weg. Es kommt somit laufend zur Bildung neuer Grate und Scharten, die den Verschleiß nicht nur der Rakel, sondern auch der Zylinderoberfläche erhöhen.Squeegees known from obvious prior use become in the course surface smoothed by mechanical processes and deburred. In operation this squeegee becomes squeegee material plastically deformed in micro contacts with the cylinder, transported in the direction of rotation of the cylinder and collects at the tip of the squeegee, forming new ridges. This new ridges then break during operation under renewed Pitting away. Thus new ones are constantly being formed Burrs and nicks that wear not only the squeegee, but also increase the cylinder surface.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Rakelverschleiß und/oder den Zylinderverschleiß zu verringern, um höhere Auflagezahlen zu erreichen oder bei gegebener Auflagezahl eine höhere Druckqualität zu ermöglichen.The invention has for its object the doctor blade wear and / or reduce cylinder wear to higher To reach circulation numbers or one for a given circulation number to enable higher print quality.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des
Anspruchs 1. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen
Rakel ist in Anspruch 6 angegeben, eine Vorrichtung zur
Durchführung dieses Verfahrens in Anspruch 13. Der elektrochemische
Abtragprozeß als solcher ist im Stand der Technik
bekannt und wird bspw. beschrieben in Maschinenmarkt 95 (1989,
Nr. 36, Seite 94 bis 97).The invention solves this problem by the features of
Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß das elektrochemische Abtragverfahren (auch electro chemical machining oder ECM-Verfahren genannt) die Rakel nicht nur entgratet, sondern überraschenderweise eine tribologische Veränderung der Rakeloberfläche derart bewirkt, daß im Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Rakel die oben beschriebene ständige Neubildung von Graten und Scharten vermieden wird und sich die Lebensdauer so wesentlich erhöht.The invention is based on the knowledge that the electrochemical Removal process (also electro chemical machining or Called ECM process) not only deburred the squeegee, but Surprisingly, a tribological change in the doctor surface causes such that in the operation of the invention Squeegee the above-described constant formation of ridges and nicks is avoided and the lifespan so significantly increased.
Bei Rakeln des Standes der Technik weist die an der Tiefdruckwalze anliegende Rakelspitze eine schartige Strichstruktur auf, die zu den beschriebenen Verschleißprozessen führt. Da auch die der Anlagefläche Rakel-Druckzylinder unmittelbar benachbarten Oberflächenbereiche der Rakel diese schartige Strichstruktur aufweisen, sammelt sich durch Verschleiß abgetragenes Rakelmaterial in diesen Oberflächenbereichen unter Bildung neuer Grate. Wenn diese Grate bzw. Bärte eine gewisse Größe erreicht haben, brechen sie während des Betriebs unter Schartenbildung weg. In diesen Scharten sammelt sich dann wieder neues Material usw.In the case of doctor blades of the prior art, this points to the gravure roller adjacent blade tip has a notchy line structure that leads to the described wear processes. There also that of the contact surface doctor blade printing cylinder directly Adjacent surface areas of the doctor blade this jagged Show line structure, accumulates through wear removed doctor blade material in these surface areas forming new ridges. If these ridges or beards are have reached certain size, they break during operation under formation of cracks away. These gaps collect then new material etc.
Der erfindungsgemäß mit dem ECM-Verfahren behandelte Oberflächenteil einer erfindungsgemäßen Rakel weist eine völlig andere Oberflächenstruktur auf. Es handelt sich um eine gleichmäßige Kraterstruktur mit vielen sehr kleinen Kratern bzw. Taschen, die in etwa die Form von Kugelkalotten aufweisen. Diese Krater oder Taschen bilden sich in der Regel entlang der Korngrenzen des Rakelmaterials. Diese veränderte Oberflächenstruktur bewirkt eine völlig neue tribologische Paarung zwischen Tiefdruckwalze und Rakelmesser, insbesondere wird die Tragfläche erhöht. Der Anpreßdruck der erfindungsgemäßen Rakel kann gegenüber herkömmlichen Rakeln auf etwa die Hälfte reduziert werden. Besonders überraschend ist es, daß sich bei der erfindungsgemäßen Rakel nicht nur der Einlaufverschleiß bei erstmaliger Inbetriebnahme vermindert, da die Rakeloberfläche keine Scharten aufweist, sondern daß auch im weiteren Verlauf des Betriebs die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Grat- bzw. Bartbildung praktisch vollständig vermieden wird. Dies dürfte darauf beruhen, daß aufgrund der kraterartigen Oberfläche durch Verschleiß abgetragenes Material entlang der Korngrenzen wegbricht und sich nicht in Unregelmäßigkeiten der Oberfläche unter Bildung großer Grate ansammeln kann. The surface part treated according to the invention with the ECM method a squeegee according to the invention has a completely different surface structure. It is about a uniform crater structure with many very small craters or bags that have approximately the shape of spherical caps. These craters or pockets usually form along the grain boundaries of the doctor blade material. This changed Surface structure creates a completely new tribological Mating between gravure roll and doctor blade, in particular the wing is increased. The contact pressure of the invention Squeegees can be compared to conventional squeegees Be reduced by half. It is particularly surprising that not only the run-in wear in the doctor blade according to the invention reduced for the first time because the Squeegee surface has no nicks, but that also in further course of operation from the prior art known burr or beard formation practically completely avoided becomes. This should be due to the fact that due to the crater-like Material worn away by wear breaks off along the grain boundaries and does not become irregular Accumulate the surface to form large ridges can.
Die erfindungsgemäße Rakel ist vorteilhafterweise aus Stahl gefertigt. Von besonderem Vorteil ist ihre Ausbildung als Dünnschliffrakel. Eine Dünnschliffrakel weist an ihrer Spitze eine planparallele oder annähernd planparallele Lamelle auf, die an der Tiefdruckwalze anliegt. Eine solche Rakel muß nicht nachgeschliffen werden, sondern wird solange benutzt, bis die Lamelle abgeschlissen ist. Bei einer solchen Dünnschliffrakel ist es natürlich von besonderem Vorteil, wenn die Grat- und Schartenbildung des Standes der Technik vermieden wird.The doctor blade according to the invention is advantageously made of steel manufactured. Their training as Thin section squeegee. A thin-section squeegee points at its tip a plane-parallel or approximately plane-parallel lamella, which lies against the rotogravure roller. Such a doctor blade does not have to be resharpened, but is used until the Slat is worn off. With such a thin section squeegee it is of course of particular advantage if the ridges and Pitting of the prior art is avoided.
Vorteilhafterweise ist wenigstens die Lamellenoberfläche der Dünnschliffrakel einem elektrochemischen Abtragprozeß unterworfen worden. Vorteilhafterweise sind etwa 3 bis 40%, vorzugsweise etwa 5 bis 20%, weiter vorzugsweise etwa 10% der Rakeloberfläche einem elektrochemischen Abtragprozeß unterworfen worden. Es ist nicht erforderlich, diejenigen Oberflächenbereiche der Rakel elektrochemisch zu behandeln, die in der Stützrakel eingespannt sind und mit der Zylinderoberfläche nicht in Berührung kommen können.At least the lamella surface is advantageously the Thin-section doctor blade subjected to an electrochemical removal process been. Advantageously, about 3 to 40% is preferred about 5 to 20%, more preferably about 10% of the Doctor blade surface subjected to an electrochemical removal process been. It is not necessary those surface areas to treat the doctor blade electrochemically in the Support squeegees are clamped and with the cylinder surface cannot come into contact.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zum elektrochemischen Abtragen von Material von der Oberfläche einer Rakel. Die zu behandelnde Rakel ist dabei als Anode in einem Spalt zwischen wenigstens zwei Kathoden angeordnet. In diesem Spalt befindet sich ein Elektrolyt, bspw. eine wäßrige Kochsalz- oder Natriumnitratlösung. Erfindungsgemäß sind Kathoden nur in demjenigen Spaltbereich angeordnet, in dem sich der zu behandelnde Teil der Rakeloberfläche befindet. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren handelt es sich vorteilhafterweise um ein Durchlaufverfahren, bei dem die zubehandelnde Rakel als Rakelband den Spalt vorzugsweise kontinuierlich durchläuft.The invention further relates to a method for electrochemical Removing material from the surface of a squeegee. The doctor blade to be treated is an anode in a gap arranged between at least two cathodes. In this gap there is an electrolyte, for example an aqueous sodium chloride or Sodium nitrate solution. According to the invention, cathodes are only in arranged in the gap area in which the to be treated Part of the doctor surface is located. In the inventive The method is advantageously a Continuous process in which the doctor blade to be treated as Doctor tape preferably passes continuously through the gap.
Der Begriff "Spalt" umfaßt im Rahmen dieser Anmeldung jeden geeigneten Zwischenraum zwischen den Kathoden, der die Durchführung des elektrochemischen Abtragens erlaubt.The term "gap" includes everyone in the context of this application appropriate space between the cathodes that carry out of electrochemical removal allowed.
Eine Hauptschwierigkeit beim ECM-Verfahren stellt die Kontaktierung der Anode an die zu entgratende Rakel dar. Zur Erzielung einer ausreichenden Abtragrate muß eine verhältnismäßig hohe Stromstärke verwendet werden. Dadurch kommt es an der Kontaktstelle der Rakel zu der Anode zu einer starken Erwärmung, unter Umständen kann die Rakel im Bereich des Anodenkontaktes durchglühen. Die Anodenkontaktierung begrenzt somit den maximal zuführbaren Strom.Contacting is a major difficulty with the ECM process the anode to the doctor blade to be deburred Achieving a sufficient removal rate must be proportionate high current are used. That’s what matters the contact point of the doctor blade to the anode to a strong one Heating, under certain circumstances the squeegee in the area of the Glow anode contact. The anode contact limits thus the maximum current that can be supplied.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die anodische Oberflächenbehandlung auf lediglich einen Teil der Rakeloberfläche beschränkt, um den Strombedarf und damit die Wärmeentwicklung zu reduzieren. Der Abtragprozeß wird auf einen Teil der Rakelbreite beschränkt und somit die elektrochemische Wirkfläche verkleinert, während nach wie vor die gesamte Rakelbreite zur Anodenkontaktierung und damit für die Stromzufuhr zur Verfügung steht. Die Konzentrierung des zur Verfügung stehenden Stroms auf eine kleinere Wirkfläche erhöht die Stromdichte in dieser Wirkfläche und damit die elektrochemische Abtragrate.According to the anodic surface treatment limited only a part of the doctor surface by which Reduce power consumption and thus heat development. Of the The removal process is limited to a part of the doctor blade width and thus reduces the electrochemical active area, while still the entire doctor blade width for anode contact and is therefore available for the power supply. The concentration of the available electricity to a smaller one Effective area increases the current density in this effective area and hence the electrochemical removal rate.
Vorteilhafterweise wird der zu behandelnde Oberflächenbereich der Rakel von einer laminaren Elektrolytströmung umströmt. Auf diese Weise wird eine unerwünschte Passivierung der zu behandelnden Rakeloberfläche vermieden oder verringert.The surface area to be treated is advantageously a laminar flow of electrolyte flows around the doctor blade. On this way, an undesired passivation of the to be treated Squeegee surface avoided or reduced.
Vorteilhafterweise werden etwa 3 bis 40%, vorzugsweise etwa 5 bis 20%, weiter vorzugsweise etwa 10% der Rakeloberfläche dem erfindungsgemäßen elektrochemischen Abtragprozeß unterworfen. Zur Anodenkontaktierung der Rakel wird vorteilhafterweise eine Walzenelektrode verwendet. Es kann aber auch eine bspw. federnd auf der Rakel aufliegende Plattenelektrode verwendet werden.Advantageously, about 3 to 40%, preferably about 5 to 20%, more preferably about 10% of the doctor surface subjected to the electrochemical removal process according to the invention. For anode contacting the doctor blade is advantageously a Roll electrode used. But it can also be a used plate electrode resilient on the squeegee will.
Die zwischen Anode und Kathoden anliegende Spannung beträgt vorteilhafterweise 2 bis 20 V, vorzugsweise etwa 4 bis 10 V. Die verwendete Stromstärke beträgt vorteilhafterweise 50 bis 600 A, vorzugsweise etwa 100 bis 200 A. The voltage present between the anode and cathodes is advantageously 2 to 20 V, preferably about 4 to 10 V. The current strength used is advantageously 50 to 600 A, preferably about 100 to 200 A.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist einen Spalt auf, in dem die Rakel als Anode zwischen wenigstens zwei Kathoden angeordnet ist. Die Kathoden sind nur in demjenigen Spaltbereich angeordnet, in dem sich der zu behandelnde Teil der Rakeloberfläche befindet. Diese Anordnung ist vorteilhafterweise so gewählt, daß etwa 3 bis 40%, vorzugsweise etwa 5 bis 20%, weiter vorzugsweise etwa 10% der Rakeloberfläche elektrochemisch behandelt werden. Zur Anodenkontaktierung der Rakel wird vorteilhafterweise eine Walzenelektrode verwendet.The inventive device for performing the inventive Method has a gap in which the Doctor blade arranged as an anode between at least two cathodes is. The cathodes are only arranged in the gap area in which the part of the doctor surface to be treated is located located. This arrangement is advantageously chosen so that about 3 to 40%, preferably about 5 to 20%, further preferably about 10% of the doctor surface electrochemically be treated. The doctor blade is used for anode contacting advantageously used a roller electrode.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Darin zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Rakel, die als Dünnschliffrakel ausgebildet ist;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen elektrochemischen Abtragvorrichtung;
- Fig. 3
- einen Längsschnitt durch diese Vorrichtung entlang des Bearbeitungsspalts;
- Fig. 4
- einen Querschnitt durch diese Vorrichtung;
- Fig. 5
- einen Längsschnitt durch die Vorrichtung senkrecht zum Bearbeitungsspalt.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of a doctor blade according to the invention, which is designed as a thin-section doctor blade;
- Fig. 2
- a schematic representation of the electrochemical removal device according to the invention;
- Fig. 3
- a longitudinal section through this device along the machining gap;
- Fig. 4
- a cross section through this device;
- Fig. 5
- a longitudinal section through the device perpendicular to the machining gap.
In Fig. 1 ist eine als Dünnschliffrakel ausgebildete erfindungsgemäße
Rakel 1 gezeigt. Sie liegt mit der Spitze einer
Lamelle 2 an einem Tiefdruckzylinder 3 an. Sie wird von einer
Stützrakel 4 gehaltert, die wiederum in einem Rakelhalter 5
eingespannt ist. Die Rakel 1 ist üblicherweise zwischen 0,15
und 0,4 mm dick, die Dicke der Lamelle 2 beträgt etwa 0,05 bis
0,1 mm. Die Breite der Lamelle 2 liegt in der Regel zwischen
0,6 und 1,8 mm. Erst wenn die Lamelle in dieser Breite abgeschlissen
ist, muß die Rakel 1 ausgewechselt werden. Die
Breite der Rakel 1 insgesamt liegt in der Regel zwischen etwa
10 und 60 mm.In Fig. 1 is a thin-section doctor blade according to the
Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch die Vorrichtung zur elektrochemischen
Behandlung der Rakel. Ein endloses Rakelband 1 durchläuft
einen zwischen den Plattenkathoden 6 und 7 angeordneten
Bearbeitungsspalt 8, in dem sich Elektrolyt befindet. Eine mit
dem Pluspol einer Gleichstromquelle verbundene Anodenwalze 9
kontaktiert das Rakelband 1. Die Walze ist antreibbar und
transportiert das Rakelband 1 durch den Bearbeitungsspalt 8.
Es können zusätzliche, in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte
Transporteinrichtungen für das Rakelband 1 vorhanden sein. Die
Plattenkathoden 6, 7 sind mit dem Minuspol dieser Stromquelle
verbunden. Abstandhalter 10, die vorzugsweise aus keramischem
Material bestehen, verhindern, daß das Rakelband 1 die Plattenkathoden
6, 7 berührt und so ein Kurzschluß entsteht.Fig. 2 shows schematically the device for electrochemical
Squeegee treatment. An
Vor dem Einlauf in die elektrochemische Bearbeitungsstation wird das Rakelband in der Regel mechanisch vorgeschliffen und entfettet.Before entering the electrochemical processing station the doctor blade is usually mechanically pre-ground and degreased.
Während des Durchlaufs des Stahlrakels 1 durch den Bearbeitungsspalt
8 wird elektrochemisch Stahl bzw. Eisen von einem
Teil der Oberfläche der Stahlrakel abgetragen. Vereinfacht
läßt sich dies für den Fall der Eisenatome mit folgender
Formel darstellen:
Das entstehende Eisenhydroxid wird aus dem Elektrolyt ausfiltriert, der entstehende Wasserstoff wird abgesaugt und mit Luft so stark verdünnt, daß keine Verpuffung entstehen kann.The resulting iron hydroxide is filtered out of the electrolyte, the resulting hydrogen is sucked off and with Air so diluted that no deflagration can occur.
Der elektrochemische Abtragprozeß gleicht die vom Vorschleifen herrührende Schartigkeit aus und wandelt die Strichgeometrie des behandelten Oberflächenteils in die weiter oben beschriebene kalottenartige Kraterstruktur um.The electrochemical removal process is similar to that of pre-grinding resulting chastity and changes the stroke geometry of the treated surface part in that described above dome-like crater structure.
In den Fig. 3 bis 5 ist die elektrochemische Bearbeitungsstation
im Detail dargestellt. Die Plattenelektroden bzw.
-kathoden 6, 7 begrenzen den vom Rakelband 1 durchlaufenen
Bearbeitungsspalt nach oben und unten. In den Fig. 3 und 4 ist
zu erkennen, daß die Plattenelektroden 6, 7 über einen großen
Teil der Breite des Bearbeitungsspaltes mit einer Isolierschicht
11 versehen sind. Dem als Anode geschalteten Rakelband
1 stehen daher nur im von der Lamelle 2 durchlaufenden Bereich
des Bearbeitungsspaltes Kathoden 6, 7 gegenüber. Es findet
daher nur im Bereich dieser Lamelle 2 und in einem unmittelbar
angrenzenden Oberflächenbereich des Rakelbands 1 eine elektrochemische
Materialabtragung statt.3 to 5 is the electrochemical processing station
presented in detail. The plate electrodes or
-
Die Plattenelektroden 6, 7 weisen Elektrolytkammern 12 auf,
die über Einlässe 13 mit Elektrolytlösung gespeist werden.
Vorzugsweise wird eine wäßrige Kochsalz- oder Natriumnitratlösung
verwendet. Die Elektrolytlösung strömt durch Öffnungen 14
aus den Elektrolytkammern 12 in den Bearbeitungsspalt. Es
entsteht so eine laminare Elektrolytströmung zwischen dem
Rakelband 1 und den Plattenelektroden 6, 7. Die Elektrolytlösung
tritt seitlich aus dem Bearbeitungsspalt aus, wird durch
nicht dargestellte Einrichtungen aufgefangen, filtriert, und
im Kreislauf den Elektrolytkammern 12 wieder zugeführt.The
Claims (15)
- A doctor blade, characterised in that at least one part of its surface is subjected to an electrochemical machining process.
- A doctor blade according to Claim 1, characterised in that it is made from steel.
- A doctor blade according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it is in the form of a thin-section doctor blade (1).
- A doctor blade according to Claim 3, characterised in that the lamella surface of the thin-section doctor blade (1) is subjected to an electrochemical machining process.
- A doctor blade according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that approximately 3 to 40 %, preferably approximately 5 to 20 %, more preferably approximately 10 % of the doctor blade surface is subjected to an electrochemical machining process.
- A process for the electrochemical machining of material from the surface of a doctor blade (1), in which the doctor blade (1) is arranged as an anode in a space or gap (8) between at least two cathodes (6,7), characterised in that only one part of the doctor blade surface is electrochemically treated, and in that the cathodes (6,7) are arranged only in that gap region in which the part of the doctor blade to be treated is situated.
- A process according to Claim 6, characterised in that a continuous process is involved, in which the doctor blade strip (1) passes through the gap (8).
- A process according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that a laminar electrolytic flow circulates around the surface region of the doctor blade (1) to be treated.
- A process according to any one of Claims 6 to 8, characterised in that approximately 3 to 4 %, preferably approximately 5 to 20 %, more preferably approximately 10 % of the doctor blade surface is subjected to an electrochemical machining process.
- A process according to any one of Claims 6 to 9, characterised in that a cylinder electrode (9) is used to contact a doctor blade (1).
- A process according to any one of Claims 6 to 10, characterised in that the voltage applied between the anode and cathode (6,7) is approximately 2 to 20 V, preferably approximately 4 to 10 V.
- A process according to any one of Claims 6 to 11, characterised in that the current strength is approximately 50 to 600 A, preferably approximately 100 to 200 A.
- An apparatus for the electrochemical machining of material from the surface of a doctor blade (1), with a space or gap (8), in which the doctor blade (1) is arranged as an anode between at least two cathodes (6,7), characterised in that the cathodes (6,7) are arranged only in the region of the gap (8) in which the part of the doctor blade surface to be treated is situated.
- An apparatus according to Claim 13, characterised in that the two cathodes (6,7) are arranged so that approximately 3 to 40 %, preferably approximately 5 to 20 %, more preferably approximately 10 % of the doctor blade surface are treated electrochemically.
- An apparatus according to Claim 13 or 14, characterised in that it has at least one cylinder electrode (9) for contacting the doctor blade (1).
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK95102802T DK0728579T3 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-02-27 | Rack for gravure rotary machines and method and apparatus for its manufacture |
| DE59502332T DE59502332D1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-02-27 | Doctor blade for rotogravure printing machines and method and device for their production |
| EP95102802A EP0728579B1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-02-27 | Doctor blade for intaglio printing machine, method and apparatus for manufacturing same |
| AT95102802T ATE166613T1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-02-27 | SQUEEGEE FOR ROTARY PRINTING MACHINES AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95102802A EP0728579B1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-02-27 | Doctor blade for intaglio printing machine, method and apparatus for manufacturing same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0728579A1 EP0728579A1 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
| EP0728579B1 true EP0728579B1 (en) | 1998-05-27 |
Family
ID=8219021
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95102802A Expired - Lifetime EP0728579B1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-02-27 | Doctor blade for intaglio printing machine, method and apparatus for manufacturing same |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0728579B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE166613T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59502332D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0728579T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1349986B1 (en) | 2000-12-07 | 2006-06-07 | Swedev Aktiebolag | Doctor or coater blade and method in connection with its manufacturing |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE220992T1 (en) * | 1997-10-08 | 2002-08-15 | Rolf Meyer | PRESSURE SQUEEGEE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
| US6155167A (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2000-12-05 | Meyer; Rolf | Printing doctor with a coating of hard material and method for producing same |
| EP1092535A1 (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2001-04-18 | Think Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Doctor blade |
| CN106892487A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-27 | 上海复禹环境科技有限公司 | Vertical type cylinder type transverse direction flow-guiding type automatic scraping dirt electro-chemical water processing system |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE437683B (en) * | 1982-10-13 | 1985-03-11 | Inventing Ab | CREATE OR SHELL - MATERIAL AGAINST THE ROLL - BY EXV |
| SE447362B (en) * | 1985-06-14 | 1986-11-10 | Kanthal Dev Ab | doctor blade |
-
1995
- 1995-02-27 EP EP95102802A patent/EP0728579B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-27 DK DK95102802T patent/DK0728579T3/en active
- 1995-02-27 AT AT95102802T patent/ATE166613T1/en active
- 1995-02-27 DE DE59502332T patent/DE59502332D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1349986B1 (en) | 2000-12-07 | 2006-06-07 | Swedev Aktiebolag | Doctor or coater blade and method in connection with its manufacturing |
| EP1349986B2 (en) † | 2000-12-07 | 2016-10-19 | Swedev Aktiebolag | Doctor or coater blade and method in connection with its manufacturing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE166613T1 (en) | 1998-06-15 |
| DE59502332D1 (en) | 1998-07-02 |
| DK0728579T3 (en) | 1999-03-22 |
| EP0728579A1 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
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