EP0725258A1 - Smoke pot - Google Patents
Smoke pot Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0725258A1 EP0725258A1 EP96460005A EP96460005A EP0725258A1 EP 0725258 A1 EP0725258 A1 EP 0725258A1 EP 96460005 A EP96460005 A EP 96460005A EP 96460005 A EP96460005 A EP 96460005A EP 0725258 A1 EP0725258 A1 EP 0725258A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- smoke
- cover
- zone
- housing
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
- F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
- F41H9/08—Smoke-pots without propulsive charge, i.e. stationary
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improvement made to a smoke housing.
- envelopes are provided comprising weakened zones, as in document FR-A-2 683 626, or perforations, as in document FR-A-2 053 943, to guide tear gas from the craft or the grenade.
- weakened areas or these perforations do not guarantee that the pressure of the gases leaving the envelope is constant but simply that these gases leave. It does not matter that too much pressure will cause the casing of the tear gas can explode, provided that incapacitating gases escape.
- This kind of machine is generally used in the open air, in streets or on squares or battlefields for example, where the wind is responsible for dispersing tear gas and smoke.
- Smoke boxes are used with anti-theft security systems, in particular to protect goods and equipment stored in warehouses and various premises.
- the pressure of the smoke gases must be as constant as possible, ensuring good dispersion of the smoke gases and avoiding, in all cases, the bursting of the housing which has several drawbacks.
- the burst not only causes a too rapid release of the gases, but also projects around the housing particles of smoke powders which have not finished the combustion of their components and which are therefore at least partially ignited at high temperature or which do not have not yet started to react and which disperses in the form of dust the dispersion of ignited particles is dangerous for the goods which the smoke container is supposed to protect; the dispersion of dust also has obvious disadvantages in soiling these goods or goods.
- a major drawback of this type of smoke casing is that it only imperfectly cuts the part of film situated under each perforation, strips of film. remaining attached to the periphery of the perforation. This results in the projection outside the cover of droplets from the condensation on said flaps of unburnt and sublimated powder residues. This causes a cloud of fatty smoke and less smoke smoke than it would be without these droplets.
- An object of the invention is to provide a smoke housing envelope which avoids any risk of bursting when the reaction of the smoke powder is initiated and which ensures the rapid exit of the smoke gases under a relatively high and constant pressure.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a smoke housing which is of a structure such that it does not give rise to the projection of condensates and dust, which are detrimental to its performance.
- the envelope of a smoke housing comprises, on the one hand, a conventional wall resistant to the pressure of the smoke composition while it is the object of the exothermic reaction of the powder smoke smoke, once it has been started by an adequate means and, on the other hand, at least one less resistant zone, formed of a relatively thin layer, said zone being covered by a cover of resistance comparable to the rest of the conventional wall and which is pierced with a plurality of holes.
- Said envelope is characterized in that each hole of said cover has a warped shape.
- the lower edge of each hole is jagged so as to form sharp irregularities.
- the less resistant zone is formed by an aluminum film.
- the smoke housing of FIG. 1 has the shape of a cylindrical tin can comprising a cylindrical body 1 and a cover 2 with, under the cover 2, a cover 3.
- the cover 3 and the top of the body 1 are welded so as to form a sealed envelope containing the smoke powder or tablet 4 and the primer 5, symbolically represented.
- the cover 2 is crimped on the upper edge of the cylindrical body 1, as on a can. Once the crimping has been carried out, the cover 3 is in contact over its entire surface with the internal face of the cover 2.
- the cover 3 and the cover 2 are crimped on the upper edge of the body 1 during the same crimping operation.
- the cover 2 is pierced with holes, such as 6, 7 and 8. which are practically circular and have a diameter of the order of 0.5 cm, for example. Depending on the powders used and the size of the smoke housing, the value of this diameter may vary.
- the seal 3 may, for example, be available in the form of a film having a well-established tear strength.
- the cover 3 consists of a thin aluminum film.
- the thickness of this film 3 is between two and three microns, for example.
- each hole 6 or 7 or 8 is warped and has its edge 9 facing the inside of the housing, said edge 9 being jagged so as to present a multitude of sharp points.
- Punching of the cover 2 is first carried out by means of a punch whose dimensions are substantially smaller than those of the punching die placed under the cover 2.
- a hole 6 or 7 or 8 is then obtained, the lower edge of which 10 is shredded and also has sharp irregularities.
- This hole 6 or 7 or 8 is then warped by means of a rod which is inserted axially in said hole 6 or 7 or 8 and which is tilted up to the wall 10 of hole 6 or 7 or 8 and then distort it.
- the edge 10 of said hole 6 or 7 or 8 then has an inclination allowing it to effectively cut the part of the film 3 located just below during the chemical reaction taking place in the smoke housing.
- a smoke housing is as follows. Initially, the pressure of the gases, increasing in the body of the smoke generator, activates the combustion of the smoke powders or tablets. When the internal pressure increases, the cover 3 is pressed strongly against the holes 6, 7 and 8. This results in a first perforation of the cover 3 opposite one of the holes 6 or 7 or 8 thus leaving evacuate smoke gas. When the pressure increases further, other perforations occur successively opposite the holes 6, 7 and 8 of the cover 2, which avoids the risk of bursting.
- each hole 6 or 7 or 8 Due to the configuration of each hole 6 or 7 or 8, the smoke gases under pressure have the effect of clearly cutting under said hole 6 or 7 or 8 a circular film pellet. This avoids the formation of strips of film 3 remaining attached to the edge 10 of each hole 6 or 7 or 8, and therefore the projection of droplets or condensates of unburned resinous fumes, which affects the efficiency of the smoke housing.
- the number of holes 6, 7, and 8 or openings in the cover 2 is determined based on experiments on the smoke housing.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un perfectionnement apporté à un boîtier de fumigène.The present invention relates to an improvement made to a smoke housing.
Les boîtiers de fumigène suivant les poudres fumigènes qu'ils renferment subissent, quand la réaction est amorcée, des pressions internes qui peuvent varier avec la nature des poudres et en fonction de la température ambiante et de l'humidité des poudres. On a un bon fonctionnement des boîtiers et une bonne efficacité quand la pression interne des gaz dégagés par les poudres est relativement constante et tant qu'elle ne dépasse pas la résistance limite d'éclatement du boîtier.The smoke chambers according to the smoke powders which they contain undergo, when the reaction is initiated, internal pressures which can vary with the nature of the powders and according to the ambient temperature and the humidity of the powders. There is a good functioning of the boxes and a good efficiency when the internal pressure of the gases released by the powders is relatively constant and as long as it does not exceed the limit burst strength of the box.
D'une manière générale, dans les engins lacrymogènes, on prévoit des enveloppes comportant des zones fragilisées, comme dans le document FR-A-2 683 626, ou des perforations, comme dans le document FR-A-2 053 943, pour guider les gaz lacrymogènes hors de l'engin ou de la grenade. Ces zones fragilisées ou ces perforations ne garantissent pas que la pression des gaz sortant de l'enveloppe est constante mais simplement que ces gaz sortent. Peu importe qu'une pression trop grande fasse exploser l'enveloppe de l'engin à gaz lacrymogène, pourvu que s'en échappent des gaz incapacitants. Ce genre d'engins s'utilise généralement à l'air libre, dans des rues ou sur des places ou sur des champs de bataille par exemple, où le vent se charge de disperser les gaz lacrymogènes et la fumée.In general, in tear gas machines, envelopes are provided comprising weakened zones, as in document FR-A-2 683 626, or perforations, as in document FR-A-2 053 943, to guide tear gas from the craft or the grenade. These weakened areas or these perforations do not guarantee that the pressure of the gases leaving the envelope is constant but simply that these gases leave. It does not matter that too much pressure will cause the casing of the tear gas can explode, provided that incapacitating gases escape. This kind of machine is generally used in the open air, in streets or on squares or battlefields for example, where the wind is responsible for dispersing tear gas and smoke.
Les boîtiers de fumigène sont utilisés avec des systèmes de sécurité antivols, notamment pour protéger les marchandises et équipements stockés dans des entrepôts et divers locaux. Dans ce cas pour que les boîtiers de fumigène soient efficaces, quand la combustion de la poudre est amorcée et se poursuit, il faut que la pression des gaz fumigènes soit la plus constante possible, en assurant une bonne dispersion des gaz fumigènes et en évitant, dans tous les cas, l'éclatement du boîtier ce qui a plusieurs inconvénients. L'éclatement provoque non seulement une libération trop rapide des gaz, mais encore projette autour du boîtier des particules de poudres fumigènes qui n'ont pas terminé la combustion de leurs composants et qui sont donc au moins partiellement enflammées à température élevée ou qui n'ont pas encore commencé à réagir et qui se disperse sous forme de poussière la dispersion de particules enflammées est dangereuse pour les marchandises que le pot fumigène est supposé protéger; la dispersion de poussières présente également des inconvénients évidents en salissant ces marchandises ou ces biens.Smoke boxes are used with anti-theft security systems, in particular to protect goods and equipment stored in warehouses and various premises. In this case, for the smoke chambers to be effective, when the combustion of the powder is initiated and continues, the pressure of the smoke gases must be as constant as possible, ensuring good dispersion of the smoke gases and avoiding, in all cases, the bursting of the housing which has several drawbacks. The burst not only causes a too rapid release of the gases, but also projects around the housing particles of smoke powders which have not finished the combustion of their components and which are therefore at least partially ignited at high temperature or which do not have not yet started to react and which disperses in the form of dust the dispersion of ignited particles is dangerous for the goods which the smoke container is supposed to protect; the dispersion of dust also has obvious disadvantages in soiling these goods or goods.
On peut pour tenter d'éviter l'éclatement du boîtier choisir des natures de poudre dans lesquelles la réaction chimique des composants est lente, mais alors le boîtier perd une partie de son efficacité, car les gaz fumigènes en sortent si lentement que l'aveuglement des intrus n'est pas assuré ou l'est mal.In an attempt to avoid the bursting of the casing, choose types of powder in which the chemical reaction of the components is slow, but then the casing loses some of its effectiveness, because the smoke gases exit therefrom so slowly that blindness intruders are uninsured or poorly insured.
Par ailleurs, les conditions environnantes, température et humidité, font varier la vitesse de réaction exothermique, donc on ne peut entièrement compté sur la nature de la poudre pour éviter l'éclatement et pour trouver l'efficacité idéale.Furthermore, the surrounding conditions, temperature and humidity, vary the speed of the exothermic reaction, so one cannot fully rely on the nature of the powder to avoid bursting and to find the ideal efficiency.
Il est connu de disposer un film plastique ou de métal sous le couvercle perforé d'un boîtier de fumigène et au contact dudit couvercle, de manière à obtenir l'échappement des gaz dégagés par la poudre pour une pression déterminée. On pourra utilement se reporter au document de brevet DE-B-1 153 296 pour la description d'un tel boîtier. La pression interne des gaz de combustion, lorsqu'elle atteint une valeur donnée, déchire les parties du film situées sous les perforations du couvercle, lesquelles présentent usuellement une géométrie de cylindre droit.It is known to have a plastic or metal film under the perforated cover of a smoke housing and in contact with said cover, so as to obtain the escape of the gases released by the powder for a determined pressure. Reference may usefully be made to patent document DE-B-1 153 296 for the description of such a housing. The internal pressure of the combustion gases, when it reaches a given value, tears the parts of the film located under the perforations of the cover, which usually have a right cylinder geometry.
Un inconvénient majeur de ce type de boîtier de fumigène est qu'il ne découpe qu'imparfaitement la partie de film située sous chaque perforation, des lambeaux de film restant accrochés à la périphérie de la perforation. Il en résulte la projection hors du couvercle de gouttelettes issues de la condensation sur lesdits lambeaux de résidus de poudre non brûlés et sublimés. Ceci provoque un nuage de fumées grasses et un dégagement de gaz fumigène inférieur à ce qu'il serait sans ces gouttelettes.A major drawback of this type of smoke casing is that it only imperfectly cuts the part of film situated under each perforation, strips of film. remaining attached to the periphery of the perforation. This results in the projection outside the cover of droplets from the condensation on said flaps of unburnt and sublimated powder residues. This causes a cloud of fatty smoke and less smoke smoke than it would be without these droplets.
Un objet de l'invention consiste à prévoir une enveloppe de boîtier de fumigène qui évite tout risque d'éclatement quand la réaction de la poudre fumigène est amorcée et qui assure la sortie rapide des gaz fumigènes sous une pression relativement importante et constante.An object of the invention is to provide a smoke housing envelope which avoids any risk of bursting when the reaction of the smoke powder is initiated and which ensures the rapid exit of the smoke gases under a relatively high and constant pressure.
Un autre objet de l'invention est de prévoir un boîtier de fumigène qui soit d'une structure telle qu'il ne donne pas lieu à la projection de condensats et de poussières, lesquels sont nuisibles à son rendement.Another object of the invention is to provide a smoke housing which is of a structure such that it does not give rise to the projection of condensates and dust, which are detrimental to its performance.
A cet effet, l'enveloppe d'un boîtier de fumigène selon l'invention comporte, d'une part, une paroi classique résistant à la pression de la composition fumigène pendant qu'elle est l'objet de la réaction exothermique de la poudre fumigène, une fois qu'elle a été amorcée par un moyen adéquat et, d'autre part, au moins une zone moins résistante, formée d'une couche relativement fine, ladite zone étant recouverte par un couvercle de résistance comparable au reste de la paroi classique et qui est percé d'une pluralité de trous. Ladite enveloppe est caractérisée en ce que chaque trou dudit couvercle présente une forme gauchie.To this end, the envelope of a smoke housing according to the invention comprises, on the one hand, a conventional wall resistant to the pressure of the smoke composition while it is the object of the exothermic reaction of the powder smoke smoke, once it has been started by an adequate means and, on the other hand, at least one less resistant zone, formed of a relatively thin layer, said zone being covered by a cover of resistance comparable to the rest of the conventional wall and which is pierced with a plurality of holes. Said envelope is characterized in that each hole of said cover has a warped shape.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le bord inférieur de chaque trou est déchiqueté de manière à former des irrégularités tranchantes.According to another characteristic of the invention, the lower edge of each hole is jagged so as to form sharp irregularities.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la zone moins résistante est constituée par un film d'aluminium.According to another characteristic of the invention, the less resistant zone is formed by an aluminum film.
Les caractéristiques de l'invention mentionnées ci-dessus, ainsi que d'autres, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un exemple de réalisation, la description étant faite en relation avec les dessins joints, parmi lesquels:
- la Fig. 1 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un boîtier de fumigène suivant l'invention, et
- la Fig. 2 est une vue en coupe, à plus grande échelle, du couvercle percé et de la zone moins résistante du boîtier de fumigène de la Fig. 1, illustrant leur sertissage sur le corps du boîtier, et
- la Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe partielle suivant le plan III-III de la Fig. 1 du couvercle percé et de la zone moins résistante du boîtier de fumigène.
- Fig. 1 is a partial perspective view of a smoke housing according to the invention, and
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view, on a larger scale, of the pierced cover and of the less resistant zone of the smoke housing of FIG. 1, illustrating their crimping on the body of the case, and
- Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view along the plane III-III of FIG. 1 of perforated cover and less resistant area of the smoke housing.
Le boîtier de fumigène de la Fig. 1 a la forme d'une boîte de conserve cylindrique comportant un corps cylindrique 1 et un couvercle 2 avec, sous le couvercle 2, un opercule 3. L'opercule 3 et le haut du corps 1 sont soudés de manière à former une enveloppe étanche contenant la poudre ou comprimé fumigène 4 et l'amorce 5, symboliquement représentée. Le couvercle 2 est serti sur le bord supérieur du corps cylindrique 1, comme sur une boîte de conserve. Une fois le sertissage effectué, l'opercule 3 est en contact par toute sa surface avec la face interne du couvercle 2.The smoke housing of FIG. 1 has the shape of a cylindrical tin can comprising a cylindrical body 1 and a
Dans un autre exemple de réalisation illustré à la Fig. 2, l'opercule 3 et le couvercle 2 sont sertis sur le bord supérieur du corps 1 au cours de la même opération de sertissage.In another exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the
Le couvercle 2 est percé de trous, tels que 6, 7 et 8. qui sont pratiquement circulaires et ont un diamètre de l'ordre de 0,5 cm, par exemple. En fonction des poudres utilisées et de la taille du boîtier de fumigène, la valeur de ce diamètre peut varier.The
L'opercule 3 peut, par exemple, être disponible sous la forme d'un film ayant une résistance au déchirement bien établi. Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, l'opercule 3 est constitué d'un film en aluminium de faible épaisseur. A titre indicatif l'épaisseur de ce film 3 est comprise entre deux et trois microns, par exemple.The
Comme on peut le voir à la Fig. 3, qui correspond au mode de réalisation de la Fig. 2 où l'opercule 3 et le couvercle 2 sont sertis sur le bord supérieur du corps 1; chaque trou 6 ou 7 ou 8 est gauchi et a son arête 9 tournée vers l'intérieur du boîtier, ladite arête 9 étant déchiquetée de manière à présenter une multitude de pointes tranchantes.As can be seen in Fig. 3, which corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 2 where the
On effectue d'abord un poinçonnage du couvercle 2 au moyen d'un poinçon dont les dimensions sont sensiblement inférieures à celles de la matrice de poinçonnage placée sous le couvercle 2. On obtient alors un trou 6 ou 7 ou 8 dont le bord inférieur 10 est déchiqueté et comporte aussi des irrégularités tranchantes. On procède ensuite à un gauchissement de ce trou 6 ou 7 ou 8 au moyen d'une tige qui est insérée axialement dans ledit trou 6 ou 7 ou 8 et que l'on fait basculer jusqu'à la paroi 10 du trou 6 ou 7 ou 8 pour ensuite la déformer. Le bord 10 dudit trou 6 ou 7 ou 8 présente alors une inclinaison lui permettant de découper efficacement la partie du film 3 située juste en dessous lors de la réaction chimique se déroulant dans le boîtier de fumigène.Punching of the
Le fonctionnement d'un boîtier de fumigène, suivant l'invention, est le suivant. Au départ, la pression des gaz en augmentant dans le corps du fumigène active la combustion des poudres ou des comprimés fumigènes. Quand la pression interne augmente, l'opercule 3 est plaqué fortement contre les trous 6, 7 et 8. Il en résulte une première perforation de l'opercule 3 en face de l'un des trous 6 ou 7 ou 8 laissant ainsi s'évacuer du gaz fumigène. Quand la pression augmente encore, d'autres perforations se produisent successivement en face des trous 6, 7 et 8 du couvercle 2, ce qui évite le risque d'éclatement.The operation of a smoke housing, according to the invention, is as follows. Initially, the pressure of the gases, increasing in the body of the smoke generator, activates the combustion of the smoke powders or tablets. When the internal pressure increases, the
Du fait de la configuration de chaque trou 6 ou 7 ou 8, les gaz fumigènes sous pression ont pour effet de découper nettement sous ledit trou 6 ou 7 ou 8 une pastille de film circulaire. On évite ainsi la formation de lambeaux de film 3 restant accrochés au bord 10 de chaque trou 6 ou 7 ou 8, et par conséquent la projection de gouttelettes ou condensats de fumées résineuses non brûlées, qui nuit à l'efficacité du boîtier de fumigène.Due to the configuration of each
Comme la résistance au déchirement de l'opercule 3 est constante, la pression du gaz issu du boîtier est constante.As the tear resistance of the
Bien entendu, le nombre de trous 6, 7, et 8 ou d'ouvertures dans le couvercle 2 se détermine en fonction d'expérimentations sur les boîtiers de fumigène.Of course, the number of
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9501310A FR2730048B1 (en) | 1995-01-31 | 1995-01-31 | IMPROVEMENTS TO A SMOKE CASE |
| FR9501310 | 1995-01-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0725258A1 true EP0725258A1 (en) | 1996-08-07 |
| EP0725258B1 EP0725258B1 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
Family
ID=9475845
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96460005A Expired - Lifetime EP0725258B1 (en) | 1995-01-31 | 1996-01-31 | Smoke pot |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5619009A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0725258B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69600205T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2117479T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2730048B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6581521B1 (en) | 2002-08-26 | 2003-06-24 | Robert G. Dixon | Reusable gas grenade canister |
| WO2014175982A1 (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-10-30 | Kms Consulting, Llc | Training ammunition cartridge with a gaseous plume signature |
| ES2609752B1 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2018-02-01 | Carlos RIAZA CÁRCAMO | Auto-operated smoke canister in case of theft |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB276198A (en) * | 1926-11-12 | 1927-08-25 | Horace George Mason | Improvements in or relating to the production of smoke and apparatus therefor |
| FR776684A (en) * | 1933-10-23 | 1935-01-31 | Light cartridge | |
| DE659189C (en) * | 1933-02-17 | 1938-04-27 | Chem Fab Dr Hugo Stoltzenberg | Smoldering candle |
| GB614634A (en) * | 1945-11-02 | 1948-12-20 | Martin Dwyer | Improvements in or relating to smoke and pyrotechnic signalling devices |
| US2791178A (en) * | 1944-11-14 | 1957-05-07 | Norman J Thompson | Incendiary device |
| DE1153296B (en) * | 1960-03-30 | 1963-08-22 | Standard Pyrotechnik Meissner | Smoke candle |
| GB1140063A (en) * | 1965-05-28 | 1969-01-15 | Schermuly Ltd | Improved pyrotechnic device |
| US4236648A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-12-02 | Black, Sivalls & Bryson | Safety pressure relief apparatus |
| US4301938A (en) * | 1978-08-25 | 1981-11-24 | Bs&B Safety Systems, Inc. | Safety pressure relief device |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3713383A (en) * | 1966-05-16 | 1973-01-30 | Us Navy | Dispersal technique for cw bw agents |
| US3599571A (en) * | 1969-04-18 | 1971-08-17 | Brunswick Corp | Walking grenade |
| US4171669A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1979-10-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Decoy flare |
| DE3510367A1 (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1986-09-25 | Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co KG, 2077 Trittau | FOGGED BODY |
| CH674742A5 (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1990-07-13 | Eidgenoess Munitionsfab Thun | |
| DE4016854A1 (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1991-11-28 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Camouflage and swap device |
| US5522320A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1996-06-04 | Thiokol Corporation | Low-toxicity obscuring smoke formulation |
-
1995
- 1995-01-31 FR FR9501310A patent/FR2730048B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-01-31 EP EP96460005A patent/EP0725258B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-31 DE DE69600205T patent/DE69600205T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-31 ES ES96460005T patent/ES2117479T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-31 US US08/594,130 patent/US5619009A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB276198A (en) * | 1926-11-12 | 1927-08-25 | Horace George Mason | Improvements in or relating to the production of smoke and apparatus therefor |
| DE659189C (en) * | 1933-02-17 | 1938-04-27 | Chem Fab Dr Hugo Stoltzenberg | Smoldering candle |
| FR776684A (en) * | 1933-10-23 | 1935-01-31 | Light cartridge | |
| US2791178A (en) * | 1944-11-14 | 1957-05-07 | Norman J Thompson | Incendiary device |
| GB614634A (en) * | 1945-11-02 | 1948-12-20 | Martin Dwyer | Improvements in or relating to smoke and pyrotechnic signalling devices |
| DE1153296B (en) * | 1960-03-30 | 1963-08-22 | Standard Pyrotechnik Meissner | Smoke candle |
| GB1140063A (en) * | 1965-05-28 | 1969-01-15 | Schermuly Ltd | Improved pyrotechnic device |
| US4301938A (en) * | 1978-08-25 | 1981-11-24 | Bs&B Safety Systems, Inc. | Safety pressure relief device |
| US4236648A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-12-02 | Black, Sivalls & Bryson | Safety pressure relief apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69600205T2 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
| EP0725258B1 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
| ES2117479T3 (en) | 1998-08-01 |
| FR2730048A1 (en) | 1996-08-02 |
| US5619009A (en) | 1997-04-08 |
| DE69600205D1 (en) | 1998-05-07 |
| FR2730048B1 (en) | 1997-03-28 |
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