EP0717165B1 - Framework made of fireproof metal profiles for windows, doors, facades or glazed roofs - Google Patents
Framework made of fireproof metal profiles for windows, doors, facades or glazed roofs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0717165B1 EP0717165B1 EP95118182A EP95118182A EP0717165B1 EP 0717165 B1 EP0717165 B1 EP 0717165B1 EP 95118182 A EP95118182 A EP 95118182A EP 95118182 A EP95118182 A EP 95118182A EP 0717165 B1 EP0717165 B1 EP 0717165B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frame according
- metal
- profile
- fire protection
- heat absorbing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B3/267—Frames with special provision for insulation with insulating elements formed in situ
- E06B3/2675—Frames with special provision for insulation with insulating elements formed in situ combined with prefabricated insulating elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B3/26301—Frames with special provision for insulation with prefabricated insulating strips between two metal section members
- E06B3/26303—Frames with special provision for insulation with prefabricated insulating strips between two metal section members with thin strips, e.g. defining a hollow space between the metal section members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B3/2634—Frames with special provision for insulation without separate insulating elements, e.g. the heat transmission being reduced by a smaller cross-section
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
- E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
- E06B5/162—Fireproof doors having windows or other openings, e.g. for permitting ventilation or escape
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B3/2632—Frames with special provision for insulation with arrangements reducing the heat transmission, other than an interruption in a metal section
- E06B2003/26321—Frames with special provision for insulation with arrangements reducing the heat transmission, other than an interruption in a metal section with additional prefab insulating materials in the hollow space
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B2003/26349—Details of insulating strips
- E06B2003/2635—Specific form characteristics
- E06B2003/26359—Specific form characteristics making flush mounting with neighbouring metal section members possible
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B2003/26349—Details of insulating strips
- E06B2003/2635—Specific form characteristics
- E06B2003/26361—Openings, incisions or indents
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B2003/26349—Details of insulating strips
- E06B2003/26369—Specific material characteristics
- E06B2003/26374—Specific material characteristics with parts of differing nature
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B2003/26349—Details of insulating strips
- E06B2003/26369—Specific material characteristics
- E06B2003/26376—Non-plastic materials, e.g. wood, metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B2003/26349—Details of insulating strips
- E06B2003/26387—Performing extra functions
- E06B2003/2639—Provisions for fittings, e.g. locks or hinges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B2003/26394—Strengthening arrangements in case of fire
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S49/00—Movable or removable closures
- Y10S49/01—Thermal breaks for frames
Definitions
- the invention relates to a framework made of metal profiles in fire protection design for windows, doors, facades or glass roofs, the metal profiles with a chamber, made of light metal, preferably aluminum manufactured outer parts and a central part in which the heat flow opposite the outer parts made of light metal is reduced.
- a framework of this type is known (EP-A-0 590 236, Fig. 6), from which Light metal, preferably made of aluminum, provided with chambers External parts are available.
- the known metal profile also has a central part on, in which the heat flow compared to the outer parts made of light metal is reduced.
- the heat flow between the outer parts made of aluminum is reduced in the known embodiment on the one hand by insulating webs and on the other hand by a support and insulating profile.
- this construction does not prevent the light metal profile from melting on the side facing the fire during the safety period.
- the insulating and supporting profile which is made of a heat-resistant material, has a supporting function. It is intended to maintain the framework in a core area while the melting of the aluminum profiles exposed to fire is tolerated.
- a component made of steel tubes is also known (DE-A-42 26 878), that forms an edge clamp for a fire protection window.
- edge clamping is an intensive one due to the bolts connected to a pipe Given heat conduction from one side to the other.
- the pipe takes you Shaped body, which releases water vapor under the influence of heat, the coolant flow Flow through pipe openings and taken up by a cooling channel becomes.
- the coolant is used to cool the edge of the pane, so that in the event of a fire Edge clamping is maintained over a safety period while the fire protection window is broken down in layers. Change with a fire protection window Disc layers and layers of a fire protection gel from each other.
- the invention has for its object a framework of the aforementioned To be designed in such a way that light metal profiles on the side facing the fire, preferably aluminum profiles can be used, the Melting point is lower than that to be expected in the event of a fire, which affects the metal profiles Temperature and melting of these load-bearing light metal profiles is prevented over a predetermined safety period.
- the melting point in the temperature range from 585 to 600 ° C.
- the light metal profiles have a central part made of metal in which the heat flow compared to that made of aluminum External parts is reduced.
- the plates or other shaped bodies made of a heat-binding, hydrophilic Adsorbents with a high water content advantageously consist of alum and gypsum.
- the alum is so-called metal double salts, which are able in very high degree of weight-related storage of crystal water.
- potassium alum which can be chemically referred to as potassium aluminum sulfate 12 hydrate.
- the chemical formula is: KAl (SO 4 ) 2 x 12 H 2 O.
- This potassium alum is capable of 45 percent water of crystallization per unit weight bind physically. The release of the Pure crystal water from the potassium alum takes place at 73 ° C.
- the volume of the stored crystal water is approx. 50 percent.
- the potassium alum can be embedded in a plaster matrix and behaves is completely neutral with regard to the hardening of the plaster, so that the result manufactured plates, moldings and profiles sufficient stability for their use in fire protection.
- the potassium alum does not change the setting properties of the plaster.
- the plaster in turn, does not affect the physical water absorption of the alum.
- the plates or other molded parts made with a hydrophilic adsorbent are provided, preferably consist of 50 percent of a modified Gypsum and 50 percent potassium alum.
- the energy consumption of such a component is approximately 1,100 J / cm 3 .
- the mixing ratio between alum and Plaster can be varied. With a mixing ratio of 50:50 between Gypsum and alum result in a share of the stored crystal water of 32 percent.
- potassium alum has an effective temperature of 73 ° C by itself, the effective temperature in connection with the plaster to a higher Value, namely approx. 85 ° C. This is because the alum released water by simply sucking it up through the plaster until Temperature of 85 ° C is maintained before it is converted into the vapor phase becomes.
- a favorable working temperature occurs here, which is sufficient Distance to the operating temperatures, which may 70 ° C with direct Such plates or moldings can be exposed to the sun.
- the combination of gypsum and alum has the further advantage that the Gypsum-bound crystal water only at an effective temperature of 125 ° C is released and this multi-stage crystal water release has a positive effect on the cooling process of the frame profiles that the described plates or other moldings are assigned.
- this multi-stage crystal water release has a positive effect on the cooling process of the frame profiles that the described plates or other moldings are assigned.
- there is another slight release at approx. 215 ° C of water bound in the gypsum instead of being of minor importance is.
- the metal profile shown in Fig. 1 has extruded as outer parts
- Aluminum profiles 1,2, between which a central part 3 is provided is, in this embodiment, two parallel to each other extending metal strips 4, which is compared to the aluminum profiles 1 and 2 are reduced in their heat transmission.
- the metal strips 4 can be made of aluminum or some other metal, e.g. made of steel be.
- the aluminum profiles 1 and 2 have inner chambers 5,6 in the molded body completely or partially filling the inner chamber a heat-binding, hydrophilic adsorbent can be introduced.
- the aluminum profiles 1 and 2 have anchoring grooves 7,8 for the footbridges 11 of the metal strips 4, which after inserting the footbridges in the anchoring grooves fixed by molding the outer groove webs 9 become.
- the metal strips 4 limit together with the aluminum profiles 1 and 2 a further inner chamber 10, so that the composite profile after the Fig. 1 with three inner chambers for receiving moldings with a high proportion of water of crystallization Is provided.
- the metal bar shown in Fig. 2 4 has foot ridges 11 at the edges and is in the area between the foot bridges 11 are provided with cutouts 12, so that between the punched-out sections 12, which in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 are triangular, narrow bridge webs 13 remain.
- a metal strip 4 is shown, which is provided with rectangular perforations 14, between which only bridge webs 15 remain for heat conduction.
- the cut-outs can have any geometric shape.
- the cut-outs can have any geometric shape.
- the width b of the bridge web and its thickness d can be varied, to reduce or increase the heat flow.
- the frame 16 was made from a profile as shown in FIG. 1 is shown.
- the frame profile is made of aluminum profiles 1 and 2 together, which are connected by metal strips 4, the metal strips have cutouts 12 and 14 so that the Heat flow through these metal strips forming the middle part of the composite profile 4 is reduced.
- the sash 17 consists of profile shells forming the outer parts 18,19, which are made of aluminum and by metal strips 4, the form thermal insulation are connected.
- the sash frame is completed through a glass retaining strip 20, which holds an inner chamber 21 a molded body 22 consisting of alum and plaster.
- a glass retaining strip 20 which holds an inner chamber 21 a molded body 22 consisting of alum and plaster.
- In the inner chambers 5 and 6 of the frame 16 and in the inner chambers 23 and 24 of the casement 17 are also shaped bodies 25, 26, 27 and 28 Alum and plaster with a high crystal water content arranged.
- the moldings can also be composed of other components, at least one of which has a high proportion of water of crystallization, the is released at a temperature below the melting temperature of the the light metal profile facing the fire.
- the released Crystal water is used to cool the metal profiles.
- the plate-shaped body 25,26,27,28, the respective inner chamber fill only partially, with metal springs 29 into the inner chambers inserted, the metal springs 29 on the plate-shaped bodies claw with their free ends and thus secured in their position become.
- the energy-consuming moldings can also be molded parts of any length be adapted to the inner contour of the inner chamber of the metal profiles are.
- the energy-consuming material can also enter the inner chamber in liquid form a metal profile and then binds in the inner chamber to a solid molded body.
- Fig. 4 is in the fitting fold between frame and casement a groove 30 is provided in front of the metal strip 4, in which a fire protection strip 31 made of material that expands under temperature is.
- the fire protection strip 31 on the one hand has the task of perforating Cover metal strip 4 from the visible fold and on the other hand in In the event of fire, ensure that the rebate is largely inflated Material is closed to prevent the passage of fire gases.
- the metal strip 4 from an extruded profile, punched into the openings are made of rolled steel has the great advantage that they are processed separately and using known composite processes with the rest Hollow chamber profiles can be assembled.
- the energy-consuming moldings are set so that they have a response temperature in the range of 80 ° C to 150 ° C.
- the filling of the respective inner chambers of the Metal profiles are made differently.
- On the one facing the fire Side can have a higher degree of filling than on the side facing away from the fire Page can be made or the response temperatures on the fire-facing side should be chosen higher than on the fire-facing side Page. This can be achieved by varying the energy-consuming materials become.
- a multi-part insulating strip 32 can be used can.
- This multi-part insulating strip 32 consists of an extruded, bad heat-conducting plastic strip 33, which extends over the entire Length of the insulating strip extends and foot profiles on its longitudinal edges 34 has.
- These foot profiles 34 are preferably in the same distances and it is in these recesses to the Foot profiles 34 contour-correct foot profiles 35 of a bridge web 36 made of metal, preferably made of aluminum.
- the professional footbridge 36 made of metal, preferably made of aluminum.
- the foot profiles are anchored in the grooves of aluminum profiles 1 and 2.
- the metallic bridges have the task of heat flow between the aluminum profiles 1 and 2.
- the width of the Bridges and the distances to each other can be varied so that this affects the energy flow between the aluminum profiles 1 and 2 can.
- FIG. 6 Another embodiment of the middle part 3, which is designed as a thermal insulation zone between the aluminum profiles 1 and 2 is shown in Fig. 6, in of the perforated metal strips 37, 38 in one piece with the aluminum profile 1 or with the aluminum profile 2.
- the arranged on the aluminum profile 1 Metal bar 37 engages with a footbridge 39 in the associated anchoring groove of the aluminum profile 2, while those with the aluminum profile 2 one-piece metal strip 38 with its foot bridge 40 in the anchoring groove of the aluminum profile 1 engages.
- the metal strips 37, 38 are corresponding the illustrations 2 and 3 are punched out and form one shown there Latticework through which the heat flow between the aluminum profiles 1 and 2 is reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a graph relating to an energy-consuming one Shaped body shown, which is composed of potassium alum and plaster.
- Curve I shows the response temperatures of the molded body over the lower temperature axis. The response temperatures are from this curve to recognize, where crystal water is released. The area under curve I represents total energy consumption.
- Curve II only shows the loss of mass, which changes over the course of the Temperature increase.
- a metal profile is shown, which, like the profile 1 of the aluminum profiles 1 and 2 and in the middle part composed of the perforated metal strips 4.
- the inner chambers 5,6 and 10 are with energy-consuming and crystal water releasing moldings 41,42,43, which e.g. can consist of alum and plaster.
- FIG. 11 shows a facade or a roof construction, where the facade fields or the frame fields of the roof with glass panes 45 are filled out.
- the plate-shaped body 47,48,49 can with the main profile Glue or be connected by mechanical means.
- a sheet metal cover 50 is made of light metal or be made of stainless steel and also to determine the plate-shaped Shaped body can be used.
- metal profiles are shown in the figures, in which aluminum hollow chamber profiles 1 and 2 in the middle part over perforated metal strips 4 or are connected to one another via composite strips according to FIG. 5, there is also the option of a one-piece, with three interior chambers provided extruded profile to be used in the middle Area holes are punched through which in this area the heat flow is reduced.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Rahmenwerk aus Metallprofilen in Brandschutzausführung für Fenster, Türen, Fassaden oder Glasdächer, wobei die Metallprofile mit einer Kammer versehene, aus Leichtmetall, vorzugsweise aus Aluminium gefertigte Außenteile und ein Mittelteil aufweisen, in dem der Wärmefluß gegenüber den aus Leichtmetall hergestellten Außenteilen herabgesetzt ist.The invention relates to a framework made of metal profiles in fire protection design for windows, doors, facades or glass roofs, the metal profiles with a chamber, made of light metal, preferably aluminum manufactured outer parts and a central part in which the heat flow opposite the outer parts made of light metal is reduced.
Es ist ein Rahmenwerk dieser Art bekannt (EP-A-0 590 236, Fig. 6), bei dem aus Leichtmetall, vorzugsweise aus Aluminium, gefertigte, mit Kammern versehene Außenteile vorhanden sind. Das bekannte Metallprofil weist ferner ein Mittelteil auf, in dem der Wärmefluß gegenüber den aus Leichtmetall hergestellten Außenteilen herabgesetzt ist.A framework of this type is known (EP-A-0 590 236, Fig. 6), from which Light metal, preferably made of aluminum, provided with chambers External parts are available. The known metal profile also has a central part on, in which the heat flow compared to the outer parts made of light metal is reduced.
Die Herabsetzung des Wärmeflusses zwischen den aus Aluminium gefertigten Außenteilen
wird bei der bekannten Ausführung einerseits durch Isolierstege und andererseits
durch ein Trag- und Isolierprofil erreicht.
Im Brandfall wird bei dieser Konstruktion ein Abschmelzen des Leichtmetallprofils
an der dem Brand zugewandten Seite während der Sicherheitszeitdauer nicht verhindert.
Während der Sicherheitszeitdauer kommt dem Isolier- und Tragprofil, das
aus einem hitzenbeständigen Material gefertigt ist, eine tragende Funktion zu. Es
soll das Rahmenwerk in einem Kernbereich aufrechterhalten, während das Abschmelzen
der mit Feuer beaufschlagten Aluminiumprofile hingenommen wird.The heat flow between the outer parts made of aluminum is reduced in the known embodiment on the one hand by insulating webs and on the other hand by a support and insulating profile.
In the event of a fire, this construction does not prevent the light metal profile from melting on the side facing the fire during the safety period. During the safety period, the insulating and supporting profile, which is made of a heat-resistant material, has a supporting function. It is intended to maintain the framework in a core area while the melting of the aluminum profiles exposed to fire is tolerated.
Es ist ferner ein aus Stahlrohren gefertigtes Bauelement bekannt (DE-A-42 26 878), das eine Randeinspannung für eine Brandschutzscheibe bildet. Bei dieser Randeinspannung ist durch die mit einem Rohr in Verbindung stehenden Bolzen eine intensive Wärmeleitung von einer Seite zur anderen gegeben. Das Rohr nimmt einen Formkörper auf, der unter Hitzeeinwirkung Wasserdampf freisetzt, der als Kühlmittelstrom Rohröffnungen durchströmt und von einem Kühlkanal aufgenommen wird. Das Kühlmittel dient zur Kühlung des Scheibenrandes, damit im Brandfall die Randeinspannung über eine Sicherheitsdauer erhalten bleibt, während die Brandschutzscheibe schichtweise abgebaut wird. Bei einer Brandschutzscheibe wechseln Scheibenlagen und Schichten aus einem Brandschutzgel einander ab.A component made of steel tubes is also known (DE-A-42 26 878), that forms an edge clamp for a fire protection window. With this edge clamping is an intensive one due to the bolts connected to a pipe Given heat conduction from one side to the other. The pipe takes you Shaped body, which releases water vapor under the influence of heat, the coolant flow Flow through pipe openings and taken up by a cooling channel becomes. The coolant is used to cool the edge of the pane, so that in the event of a fire Edge clamping is maintained over a safety period while the fire protection window is broken down in layers. Change with a fire protection window Disc layers and layers of a fire protection gel from each other.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Rahmenwerk der eingangs genannten Art so zu gestalten, daß auf der dem Brand zugewandten Seite tragende Leichtmetallprofile, vorzugsweise Aluminiumprofile, eingesetzt werden können, deren Schmelzpunkt nieder liegt als die im Brandfall zu erwartende, die Metallprofile beaufschlagende Temperatur und ein Abschmelzen dieser tragenden Leichtmetallprofile über eine vorgegebene Sicherheitszeidauer verhindert wird.The invention has for its object a framework of the aforementioned To be designed in such a way that light metal profiles on the side facing the fire, preferably aluminum profiles can be used, the Melting point is lower than that to be expected in the event of a fire, which affects the metal profiles Temperature and melting of these load-bearing light metal profiles is prevented over a predetermined safety period.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Patentanspruches
1 in Verbindung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of the
Je nach der für die Fertigung der Leichtmetallprofile verwendeten Aluminiumlegierung der Schmelzpunkt im Temperaturbereich von 585 bis 600 °C.Depending on the aluminum alloy used to manufacture the light metal profiles the melting point in the temperature range from 585 to 600 ° C.
Das in den verwendeten Brandschutzplatten oder Brandschutzformkörpern vorhandene Kristallwasser wird je nach der Zusammensetzung der Brandschutzplatten oder Brandschutzformkörper im Temperaturbereich von 73 °C bis 215 °C freigesetzt.The one present in the fire protection panels or fire protection moldings used Depending on the composition of the fire protection panels, crystal water is obtained or fire protection molded bodies released in the temperature range from 73 ° C to 215 ° C.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weisen die Leichtmetallprofile ein Mittelteil aus Metall auf, in dem der Wärmefluß gegenüber den aus Aluminium hergestellten Außenteilen herabgesetzt ist. In a preferred embodiment, the light metal profiles have a central part made of metal in which the heat flow compared to that made of aluminum External parts is reduced.
Die Platten oder sonstigen Formkörper aus einem wärmebindenden, hydrophilen Adsorbens mit hohem Wasseranteil bestehen vorteilhaft aus Alaun und Gips.The plates or other shaped bodies made of a heat-binding, hydrophilic Adsorbents with a high water content advantageously consist of alum and gypsum.
Beim Alaun handelt es sich um sog. Metalldoppelsalze, die in der Lage sind, in sehr hohem Grad gewichtsbezogen Kristallwasser zu speichern.The alum is so-called metal double salts, which are able in very high degree of weight-related storage of crystal water.
Es hat sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, Kalium-Alaun zu verwenden, das chemisch
als Kalium-Aluminium-Sulfat-12-Hydrat zu bezeichnetn ist. Die chemische Formel
lautet: KAl(SO4)2 x 12 H2O.It has proven to be expedient to use potassium alum, which can be chemically referred to as
Dieses Kalium-Alaun ist in der Lage, 45 Prozent Kristallwasser pro Gewichtseinheit physikalisch zu binden. Das Freisetzen des Kristallwassers aus dem Kalium-Alaun in reiner Form erfolgt bei 73°C.This potassium alum is capable of 45 percent water of crystallization per unit weight bind physically. The release of the Pure crystal water from the potassium alum takes place at 73 ° C.
Aufgrund der Dichte des Alauns von 1,1 g/cm3 ergibt sich volumenbezogen ein Anteil des eingelagerten Kristallwassers von ca. 50 Prozent.Due to the density of the alum of 1.1 g / cm 3 , the volume of the stored crystal water is approx. 50 percent.
Das Kalium-Alaun kann in eine Gipsmatrix eingebettet werden und verhält sich bezüglich der Aushärtung des Gipses völlig neutral, so daß die daraus hergestellten Platten, Formteile und Profile ausreichende Stabilität für ihre Anwendung im Brandschutz besitzen.The potassium alum can be embedded in a plaster matrix and behaves is completely neutral with regard to the hardening of the plaster, so that the result manufactured plates, moldings and profiles sufficient stability for their use in fire protection.
Das Kalium-Alaun verändert die Abbindeeigenschaften des Gipses nicht. Durch den Gips wiederum wird auch nicht die physikalische Wasseraufnahme des Alauns beeinträchtigt.The potassium alum does not change the setting properties of the plaster. The plaster, in turn, does not affect the physical water absorption of the alum.
Die Platten oder sonstigen Formteile, die mit einem hydrophilen Adsorbens versehen sind, bestehen vorzugsweise zu 50 Prozent aus einem modifizierten Gips und zu 50 Prozent aus Kalium-Alaun.The plates or other molded parts made with a hydrophilic adsorbent are provided, preferably consist of 50 percent of a modified Gypsum and 50 percent potassium alum.
Da der Gips wie auch das Alaun eine Dichte von 1,1 g/cm3 haben, ist dieses Verhältnis gewichts- wie auch volumenbezogen.Since the gypsum and the alum have a density of 1.1 g / cm 3 , this ratio is based on weight and volume.
Der Energieverzehr eines solchen Bauteiles beträgt ca. 1.100 J/cm3.The energy consumption of such a component is approximately 1,100 J / cm 3 .
Je nach dem Einsatzfall kann das Mischungsverhältnis zwischen Alaun und Gips variiert werden. Bei einem Mischungsverhältnis von 50 : 50 zwischen Gips und Alaun ergibt sich ein Anteil des eingelagerten Kristallwassers von 32 Prozent.Depending on the application, the mixing ratio between alum and Plaster can be varied. With a mixing ratio of 50:50 between Gypsum and alum result in a share of the stored crystal water of 32 percent.
Obwohl Kalium-Alaun für sich allein eine Wirktemperatur von 73°C hat, wird die Wirktemperatur in Verbindung mit dem Gips auf einen höheren Wert, nämlich ca. 85°C verlegt. Dies ergibt sich daraus, daß das im Alaun frei werdende Wasser durch einfaches Aufsaugen durch den Gips bis zur Temperatur von 85°C gehalten wird, bevor es in die Dampfphase überführt wird.Although potassium alum has an effective temperature of 73 ° C by itself, the effective temperature in connection with the plaster to a higher Value, namely approx. 85 ° C. This is because the alum released water by simply sucking it up through the plaster until Temperature of 85 ° C is maintained before it is converted into the vapor phase becomes.
Es tritt hier eine günstige Wirktemperatur ein, die in ausreichender Distanz zu den Gebrauchstemperaturen liegt, die u.U. 70°C bei direkter Sonnenbestrahlung solcher Platten oder Formkörper erreichen kann.A favorable working temperature occurs here, which is sufficient Distance to the operating temperatures, which may 70 ° C with direct Such plates or moldings can be exposed to the sun.
Die Kombination von Gips und Alaun hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß das im Gips gebundene Kristallwasser erst bei einer Wirktemperatur von 125°C freigesetzt wird und sich diese mehrstufige Kristallwasserfreisetzung positiv auf den Kühlungsverlauf der Rahmenprofile auswirkt, denen die beschriebenen Platten oder sonstigen Formkörper zugeordnet werden. Darüber hinaus findet bei ca. 215°C eine nochmalige geringe Freisetzung von im Gips gebundenem Wasser statt, die aber von untergeordneter Bedeutung ist.The combination of gypsum and alum has the further advantage that the Gypsum-bound crystal water only at an effective temperature of 125 ° C is released and this multi-stage crystal water release has a positive effect on the cooling process of the frame profiles that the described plates or other moldings are assigned. In addition, there is another slight release at approx. 215 ° C of water bound in the gypsum instead of being of minor importance is.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprü-Further refinements of the invention result from the subclaims.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described below.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein aus zwei Außen teilen und einem Mittelteil sich zusammenset-Verbundprofil im Schnitt,
- Fig. 2
- eine im Mittelteil verwendete Profilleiste mit herabgesetztem Wärmedurchfluß, und zwar im Querschnitt und im Aufriß,
- Fig. 3
- eine Abwandlungsform der Ausführung nach der Fig. 2,
- Fig. 4
- die Rahmenprofile einer Tür im Schnitt,
- Fig. 5
- eine im Mittelteil eines Verbundprofils nach Fig. 1 einsetzbare Profilleiste, die aus Kunststoff besteht und mit in Abstand voneinander angeordneten Brückenstegen aus Metall versehen ist,
- Fig. 6
- eine weitere Ausführungsform eines aus zwei Außenteilen und einem Mittelteil bestehenden Rahmenprofils,
- Fig. 7
- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines mit Brandschutzmitteln versehenen Rahmenprofils,
- Fig. 8
- eine konstruktive Einzelheit zu der Konstruktion nach der Fig. 7,
- Fig. 9
- ein Schaubild mit Kurven I und II, von denen die Kurve I die Ansprechzeiten eines Kalium-Alaun-Gipsformkörpers und die Fig. 2 den sich im Verlauf der Temperaturerhöhung einstellende Masseverlust aufzeigt,
- Fig. 10
- ein weiteres Profil in Brandschutzausführung im Schnitt und
- Fig. 11
- ein Hauptprofil sowie das zugeordnete Abdeckprofil einer Fassaden- oder einer Glasdachkonstruktion.
- Fig. 1
- one composed of two outer parts and a central part of a composite profile in section,
- Fig. 2
- a profile strip used in the middle part with reduced heat flow, namely in cross section and in elevation,
- Fig. 3
- 2 shows a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 2,
- Fig. 4
- the frame profiles of a door in section,
- Fig. 5
- 1, which can be used in the middle part of a composite profile according to FIG. 1 and which is made of plastic and is provided with spaced-apart metal bridge webs,
- Fig. 6
- a further embodiment of a frame profile consisting of two outer parts and a central part,
- Fig. 7
- another embodiment of a frame profile provided with fire protection agents,
- Fig. 8
- a structural detail to the construction of FIG. 7,
- Fig. 9
- 1 shows a graph with curves I and II, of which curve I shows the response times of a potassium alum gypsum molded body and FIG. 2 shows the mass loss occurring in the course of the temperature increase,
- Fig. 10
- another profile in fire protection version on average and
- Fig. 11
- a main profile and the assigned cover profile of a facade or glass roof construction.
Das in der Fig. 1 dargestellte Metallprofil weist als Außenteile strangepreßte
Aluminiumprofile 1,2 auf, zwischen denen ein Mittelteil 3 vorgesehen
ist, das in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel aus zwei parallel zueinander
verlaufenden Metalleisten 4 besteht, die gegenüber den Aluminiumprofilen
1 und 2 in ihrem Wärmedurchlaß herabgesetzt sind. Die Metalleisten 4
können aus Aluminium oder aus einem anderen Metall, z.B. aus Stahl gefertigt
sein. Die Aluminiumprofile 1 und 2 weisen Innenkammern 5,6 auf, in
die die Innenkammer vollständig oder teilweise ausfüllende Formkörper aus
einem wärmebindenden, hydrophilen Adsorbens eingeführt werden können.
Die Aluminiumprofile 1 und 2 weisen Verankerungsnuten 7,8 für die Fußstege
11 der Metalleisten 4 auf, die nach dem Einführen der Fußstege in
die Verankerungsnuten durch Anformen der äußeren Nutstege 9 festgelegt
werden. Die Metallleisten 4 begrenzen zusammen mit den Aluminiumprofilen
1 und 2 eine weitere Innenkammer 10, so daß das Verbundprofil nach der
Fig. 1 mit drei Innenkammern zur Aufnahme von Formkörpern mit hohem Kristallwasseranteil
ausgestattet ist. Die in der Fig. 2 dargestellte Metalleiste
4 weist an den Rändern Fußstege 11 auf und ist im Bereich zwischen
den Fußstegen 11 mit Ausstanzungen 12 versehen, so daß zwischen
den Ausstanzungen 12, die bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Fig. 2
dreieckförmig ausgebildet sind, schmale Brückenstege 13 verbleiben.The metal profile shown in Fig. 1 has extruded as outer
Auf diese Brückenstege reduziert sich im Brandfall die Wärmeleitung von dem außenliegenden Aluminiumprofil zu dem an der brandabgewandten Seite vorgesehenen Aluminiumprofil.In the event of a fire, the heat conduction is reduced to these bridges the external aluminum profile to the one on the side facing away from the fire provided aluminum profile.
In der Fig. 3 ist eine Metalleiste 4 dargestellt, die mit rechteckförmigen
Ausstanzungen 14 versehen ist, zwischen denen nur Brückenstege 15 für
die Wärmeleitung verbleiben.
Die Ausstanzungen können eine beliebige geometrische Form haben. In Fig. 3, a metal strip 4 is shown, which is provided with
The cut-outs can have any geometric shape.
Die Ausstanzungen können eine beliebige geometrische Form haben.The cut-outs can have any geometric shape.
Die Breite b des Brückenstegs und seine Dicke d können variiert werden, um den Wärmefluß herab- oder heraufzusetzen.The width b of the bridge web and its thickness d can be varied, to reduce or increase the heat flow.
Als besonders vorteilhaft, insbesondere in statischer und festigkeitsmäßiger Hinsicht haben sich dreieckförmige Ausstanzungen entsprechend der Fig. 2 ergeben, die wechselweise gegeneinander versetzt sind und ein gleichwinkliges Dreieck bilden.As particularly advantageous, especially in static and strength In terms of triangular cutouts have been made according to the Fig. 2 result, which are mutually offset and a form an equiangular triangle.
In der Fig. 4 sind Türrahmenprofile im Schnitt dargestellt.In Fig. 4 door frame profiles are shown in section.
Der Blendrahmen 16 wurde aus einem Profil gefertigt, wie es in der Fig. 1
aufgezeigt ist. Das Blendrahmenprofil setzt sich aus Aluminiumprofilen 1
und 2 zusammen, die durch Metalleisten 4 miteinander verbunden sind,
wobei die Metalleisten Ausstanzungen 12 bzw. 14 aufweisen, so daß der
Wärmefluß durch diese das Mittelteil des Verbundprofils bildenden Metall-leisten
4 herabgesetzt ist.The
Der Flügelrahmen 17 besteht aus die Außenteile bildenden Profilschalen
18,19, die aus Aluminium gefertigt sind und durch Metalleisten 4, die
eine Wärmedämmung bilden, verbunden sind. Vervollständigt wird der Flügelrahmen
durch eine Glashalteleiste 20, die eine Innenkammer 21 zur Aufnahme
eines aus Alaun und Gips bestehenden Formkörpers 22 aufweist. In
den Innenkammern 5 und 6 des Blendrahmens 16 sowie in den Innenkammern 23
und 24 des Flügelrahmens 17 sind ebenfalls Formkörper 25,26,27 und 28 aus
Alaun und Gips mit einem hohen Kristallwasseranteil angeordnet.The
Die Formkörper können auch aus anderen Komponenten sich zusammensetzen, von denen mindestens eine einen hohen Kristallwasseranteil aufweist, der bei einer Temperatur freigesetzt wird, die unterhalb der Schmelztemperaturdes dem Brand zugewandten Leichtmetallprofils liegt. Das freigesetzte Kristallwasser dient zur Kühlung der Metallprofile.The moldings can also be composed of other components, at least one of which has a high proportion of water of crystallization, the is released at a temperature below the melting temperature of the the light metal profile facing the fire. The released Crystal water is used to cool the metal profiles.
Die plattenförmigen Formkörper 25,26,27,28, die die jeweilige Innenkammer
nur teilweise ausfüllen, werden mit Metallfedern 29 in die Innenkammern
eingeschoben, wobei sich die Metall federn 29 an den plattenförmigen Formkörpern
mit ihren freien Enden verkrallen und so in ihrer Lage gesichert
werden.The plate-shaped
Die energieverzehrenden Formkörper können auch Formteile beliebiger Länge sein, die der Innenkontur der Innenkammer der Metallprofile angepaßt sind.The energy-consuming moldings can also be molded parts of any length be adapted to the inner contour of the inner chamber of the metal profiles are.
Das energieverzehrende Material kann auch in flüssiger Form in die Innenkammer eines Metallprofils eingefüllt werden und bindet dann in der Innenkammer zu einem festen Formkörper ab.The energy-consuming material can also enter the inner chamber in liquid form a metal profile and then binds in the inner chamber to a solid molded body.
Da Türen sehr häufig oberflächenbehandelt werden, muß das Befüllen der Innenkammern mit einem energieverzehrenden Formkörper mit hohem Kristallwasseranteil nach der Oberflächenbehandlung der Profile erfolgen, da die Trocknungstemperaturen der Pulverbeschichtung in einem Temperaturbereich liegen, der der Ansprechtemperatur des energieverzehrenden Materials entspricht.Since doors are very often surface treated, the filling of the Inner chambers with an energy-consuming molded body with a high proportion of water of crystallization after the surface treatment of the profiles, because the Drying temperatures of the powder coating in a temperature range lie, which corresponds to the response temperature of the energy-consuming material.
In der Fig. 4 ist im Beschlagfalz zwischen Blend- und Flügelrahmen jeweils
vor der Metalleiste 4 eine Nut 30 vorgesehen, in der ein Brandschutzstreifen
31 aus unter Temperatur aufblähendem Material vorgesehen
ist. Der Brandschutzstreifen 31 hat zum einen die Aufgabe, die gelochte
Metalleiste 4 vom sichtbaren Falz her abzudecken und andererseits im
Brandfall dafür zu sorgen, daß der Falzraum weitgehendst durch aufblähendes
Material geschlossen wird, um ein Durchtreten von Brandgasen zu verhindern.In Fig. 4 is in the fitting fold between frame and casement
a
In der Regel sind lediglich die Innenkammern der Blend- und Flügelrahmen an den Außenseiten mit energieverzehrendem Material ausgefüllt. In besonderen Fällen, in denen es um die Erhöhung der Temperaturbeständigkeit über die Widerstandszeit geht, kann auch die Innenkammer des Mittelteils des jeweiligen Verbundprofils mit energieverzehrendem Material ausgefüllt werden.As a rule, only the inner chambers of the frame and casement are Filled with energy-consuming material on the outside. In particular Cases where there is an increase in temperature resistance The inner chamber of the middle section can also go beyond the resistance time of the respective composite profile filled with energy-consuming material become.
Durch die das Mittelteil bildenden, gelochten Metalleisten 4 wird aufgrund der Lochung der Wärmefluß herabgesetzt, da durch die Lochungen die Wärmeübergangsquerschnitte verringert wurden. Eine völlige Wärmedämmung, wie sie bei den bekannten Brandschutzkonstruktionen üblich ist und wie sie auch im Fenster- und Türenbau zum Zwecke des allgemeinen Wärmeschutzes eingesetzt wird, ist hier nicht gewünscht und beabsichtigt. Im Bereich des Mittelteils der Metallprofile ist ein Wärmefluß notwendig, da nicht nur die der Brandseite zugewandten, energieverzehrenden Formkörper zum Freisetzen des Kristallwasser aktiviert werden müssen, sondern auch die an der brandabgewandten Seite angeordneten energieverzehrenden Formkörper. Hierdurch ist es möglich, bei kleiner Bauweise der Metallprofile genügend gebundenes Wasser zur Verfügung zu haben, um die Anforderungen an eine Brandschutzkonstruktion hinsichtlich der Oberflächentemperaturen und der Standdauer der dem Brand ausgesetzten Profile zu erreichen.Due to the perforated metal strips 4 forming the middle part, due to the perforation the heat flow is reduced because the perforations Heat transfer cross sections were reduced. Complete insulation, as it is common in the known fire protection constructions and how they also in window and door construction for the purpose of general heat protection is not desired and intended here. In the area a heat flow is necessary in the middle part of the metal profiles, because not just the energy-consuming moldings facing the fire side must be activated to release the crystal water, but also the energy-consuming moldings arranged on the side facing away from the fire. This makes it possible for the metal profiles to be small have enough bound water available to meet the requirements to a fire protection construction with regard to the surface temperatures and the service life of the profiles exposed to the fire.
Die Metalleiste 4 aus einem Strangpreßprofil, in das Durchbrüche eingestanzt werden bzw. aus gewalztem Stahl bietet den großen Vorteil, daß sie separat bearbeitet und mit bekannten Verbundverfahren mit den Übrigen Hohlkammerprofilen zusammengefügt werden kann.The metal strip 4 from an extruded profile, punched into the openings are made of rolled steel has the great advantage that they are processed separately and using known composite processes with the rest Hollow chamber profiles can be assembled.
Die energieverzehrenden Formkörper sind so eingestellt, daß sie eine Ansprechtemperatur im Bereich von 80°C bis 150°C haben.The energy-consuming moldings are set so that they have a response temperature in the range of 80 ° C to 150 ° C.
In den Fällen, in denen die brandzugewandte Seite bereits bei der Baukonzeption bekannt ist, kann die Befüllung der jeweiligen Innenkammern der Metallprofile unterschiedlich erfolgen. Auf der dem Brand zugewandten Seite kann ein höherer Füllungsgrad als auf der dem Brand abgewandten Seite vorgenommen werden bzw. können die Ansprechtemperaturen auf der brandzugewandten Seite höher gewählt werden als auf der brandabgewandten Seite. Dies kann durch Variieren der energieverzehrenden Werkstoffe erreicht werden.In cases where the side facing the fire is already in the construction phase is known, the filling of the respective inner chambers of the Metal profiles are made differently. On the one facing the fire Side can have a higher degree of filling than on the side facing away from the fire Page can be made or the response temperatures on the fire-facing side should be chosen higher than on the fire-facing side Page. This can be achieved by varying the energy-consuming materials become.
Aus der Fig. 5 ergibt sich, daß anstelle der Metalleiste 4 im Mittelteil
3 des Profils auch eine mehrteilige Isolierleiste 32 eingesetzt werden
kann. Diese mehrteilige Isolierleiste 32 besteht aus einer extrudierten,
schlecht wärmeleitenden Kunststoffleiste 33, die sich über die gesamte
Länge der Isolierleiste erstreckt und an seinen Längskanten Fußprofilierungen
34 aufweist. Diese Fußprofilierungen 34 werden vorzugsweise in
gleichen Abständen ausgespart und es werden in diese Aussparungen zu den
Fußprofilierungen 34 konturengerechte Fußprofilierungen 35 eines Brückenstegs
36 aus Metall, vorzugsweise aus Aluminium eingesetzt. Die Fußprofistegs
36 aus Metall, vorzugsweise aus Aluminium eingesetzt. Die Fußprofilierungen
werden in den Aufnahmenuten der Aluminiumprofile 1 und 2 verankert.
Die metallischen Brückenstege haben die Aufgabe, einen Wärmefluß
zwischen den Aluminiumprofilen 1 und 2 sicherzustellen. Die Breite der
Brückenstege und die Abstände zueinander können variiert werden, so daß
man hierdurch den Energiefluß zwischen den Aluminiumprofilen 1 und 2 beeinflussen
kann.5 shows that instead of the metal bar 4 in the middle part
3 of the profile, a multi-part insulating
Eine weitere Ausführung des als Wärmedämmzone ausgebildeten Mittelteils 3
zwischen den Aluminiumprofilen 1 und 2 ist in der Fig. 6 dargestellt, in
der die gelochten Metalleisten 37,38 einstückig mit dem Aluminiumprofil 1
bzw. mit dem Aluminiumprofil 2 sind. Die am Aluminiumprofil 1 angeordnete
Metalleiste 37 greift mit einem Fußsteg 39 in die zugeordnete Verankerungsnut
des Aluminiumprofils 2, während die mit dem Aluminiumprofil 2
einstückige Metalleiste 38 mit ihrem Fußsteg 40 in die Verankerungsnut
des Aluminiumprofils 1 greift. Die Metalleisten 37,38 sind entsprechend
den Darstellungen 2 und 3 ausgestanzt und bilden ein dort aufgezeigtes
Gitterwerk, durch das der Wärmefluß zwischen den Aluminiumprofilen 1 und
2 herabgesetzt wird.Another embodiment of the middle part 3, which is designed as a thermal insulation zone
between the
Die Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen konstruktive Einzelheiten zu der Ausführung nach der Fig. 4.7 and 8 show structural details of the embodiment according to 4.
In der Fig. 9 ist ein Schaubild in Hinsicht auf einen energieverzehrenden Formkörper dargestellt, der sich aus Kaliumalaun und Gips zusammensetzt.9 is a graph relating to an energy-consuming one Shaped body shown, which is composed of potassium alum and plaster.
Die Kurve I zeigt die Ansprechtemperaturen des Formkörpers aufgetragen über die untere Temperaturachse. Aus dieser Kurve sind die Ansprechtemperaturen zu erkennen, bei denen Kristallwasser freigesetzt wird. Die Fläche unter der Kurve I stellt den Gesamtenergieverzehr dar.Curve I shows the response temperatures of the molded body over the lower temperature axis. The response temperatures are from this curve to recognize, where crystal water is released. The area under curve I represents total energy consumption.
Die Kurve II zeigt lediglich den Masserverlust, der sich im Verlauf der Temperaturerhöhung einstellt. Curve II only shows the loss of mass, which changes over the course of the Temperature increase.
In der Fig. 10 ist ein Metallprofil aufgezeigt, das sich, wie das Profil
nacht der Fig. 1 aus den Aluminiumprofilen 1 und 2 sowie im Mittelteil
aus den gelochten Metalleisten 4 zusammensetzt. Die Innenkammern 5,6 und
10 sind mit energieverzehrenden und Kristallwasser freisetzenden Formkörpern
41,42,43 ausgefüllt, die z.B. aus Alaun und Gips bestehen können.In Fig. 10, a metal profile is shown, which, like the
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Fig. 10 ist zusätzlich ein plattenförmiger
Formkörper 44 an der Außenseite des Aluminiumprofils 1 befestigt,
so daß im Fall eines Brandes in der Nähe des Formkörpers 44 dieser
zunächst aktiviert wird und Kristallwasser freisetzt. Bei längerer Branddauer
werden auch die Formkörper 41,42 und 43 aktiviert und setzen Kristallwasser
frei, so daß hierdurch eine intensive Kühlung der Aluminiumprofile
und damit eine lange Standzeit der Gesamtkonstruktion erreicht
wird.In the embodiment according to FIG. 10, there is also a plate-shaped one
In der Fig. 11 ist eine Fassaden- oder eine Dachkonstruktion aufgezeigt,
bei der die Fassadenfelder bzw. die Rahmenfelder des Daches mit Glasscheiben
45 ausgefüllt sind. An der Rauminnenseite ist ein Haupt profil
46 aus Aluminium vorgesehen. Dieses Hauptprofil wird durch plattenförmige,
energieverzehrende Formkörper 47,48 und 49 abgedeckt, die bei dem Erreichen
einer Ansprechtemperatur Kristallwasser freisetzen und hierdurch
das Hauptprofil kühlen.11 shows a facade or a roof construction,
where the facade fields or the frame fields of the roof with
Die plattenförmigen Formkörper 47,48,49 können mit dem Haupt profil durch
Kleben oder durch mechanische Mittel verbunden werden.The plate-shaped
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine Blechabdeckung 50, die aus Leichtmetall
oder aus Edelstahl gefertigt sein und auch zur Festlegung der plattenförmigen
Formkörper verwendet werden kann.In the exemplary embodiment, a
Während in den Figuren Metallprofile aufgezeigt sind, bei denen Aluminiumhohlkammerprofile
1 und 2 im Mittelteil über gelochte Metalleisten
4 oder über Verbundleisten nach der Fig. 5 miteinander verbunden sind,
besteht auch die Möglichkeit, ein einstückiges, mit drei Innenkammern
versehenes stranggepreßtes Profil zu verwenden, in das dann im mittleren
Bereich Löcher eingestanzt werden, durch die in diesem Bereich der Wärmedurchfluß
verringert wird. While metal profiles are shown in the figures, in which aluminum hollow
- 11
- AluminiumprofilAluminum profile
- 22nd
- AluminiumprofilAluminum profile
- 33rd
- MittelteilMiddle section
- 44th
- MetalleisteMetal bar
- 55
- InnenkammerInner chamber
- 66
- InnenkammerInner chamber
- 77
- VerankerungsnutAnchoring groove
- 88th
- VerankerungsnutAnchoring groove
- 99
- NutstegGroove web
- 1010th
- InnenkammerInner chamber
- 1111
- FußstegFootbridge
- 1212th
- AusstanzungPunching
- 1313
- BrückenstegFootbridge
- 1414
- AusstanzungPunching
- 1515
- BrückenstegFootbridge
- 1616
- BlendrahmenFrame
- 1717th
- FlügelrahmenCasement
- 1818th
- ProfilschaleProfile shell
- 1919th
- ProfilschaleProfile shell
- 2020th
- GlashalteleisteGlass retaining strip
- 2121
- InnenkammerInner chamber
- 2222
- FormkörperMolded body
- 2323
- InnenkammerInner chamber
- 2424th
- InnenkammerInner chamber
- 2525th
- FormkörperMolded body
- 2626
- FormkörperMolded body
- 2727
- FormkörperMolded body
- 2828
- FormkörperMolded body
- 2929
- MetallfederMetal spring
- 3030th
- NutGroove
- 3131
- BrandschutzstreifenFire protection strips
- 3232
- IsolierleisteInsulating strip
- 3333
- KunststoffleistePlastic molding
- 3434
-
Fußprofilierung 13
Foot profiling 13 - 3535
- FußprofilierungFoot profiling
- 3636
- BrückenstegFootbridge
- 3737
- MetalleisteMetal bar
- 3838
- MetalleisteMetal bar
- 3939
- FußstegFootbridge
- 4040
- FußstegFootbridge
- 4141
- FormkörperMolded body
- 4242
- FormkörperMolded body
- 4343
- FormkörperMolded body
- 4444
- FormkörperMolded body
- 4545
- GlasscheibeGlass pane
- 4646
- HauptprofilMain profile
- 4747
- FormkörperMolded body
- 4848
- FormkörperMolded body
- 4949
- FormkörperMolded body
- 5050
- BlechabdeckungSheet metal cover
Claims (23)
- Frame made from metal profiles in fire protection configuration, for windows, doors, facades or glass roofs, wherein the metal profiles are provided with outer parts (1, 2), manufactured from light metal, preferably of aluminium, provided with a chamber (5, 6), and a centre part (3, 32) in which the heat flow is reduced in comparison with the outer parts (1, 2) made from light metal, characterised in that in the chambers (5, 6) of the outer parts (1, 2) there are arranged fire protection plates (25, 26; 27, 28; 41, 43) or moulded fire protection bodies of a heat absorbing, hydrophillic adsorbent with a large portion of constitutional water, or the fire protection plates or moulded fire protection bodies contain a heat absorbing, hydrophillic adsorbent with a large portion of water, and in that the portion of constitutional water is released at a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the light metal profile facing the fire, and, as a cooling agent for the associated light metal profile, the constitutional water released prevents melting of the light metal profile during the containment period.
- Frame according to claim 1, characterised in that the response temperature at which constitutional water of the fire protection plates or the moulded fire protection bodies is released is in the range from 73°C to 215°C.
- Frame according to claim 2, characterised in that the response temperature is in the range from 80°C to 150°C.
- Frame according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the response temperatures of the fire protection plates or of the moulded fire protection bodies are selected to be higher on the side facing towards the fire than on the side facing away from the fire.
- Frame according to claim 1, characterised in that the centre part (3) of the metal profile is provided with bridging webs (13, 15) of metal between the outer parts made from aluminium, or is composed exclusively of bridging webs of metal.
- Frame according to claim 5, characterised in that the metallic bridging webs (13, 15) of the centre part (3) of the metal profile are fixed at one end or at both ends in an anchoring groove in the associated outer part.
- Frame according to claim 5, characterised in that the centre part (3) of the light metal profile is composed of at least one plastics strip (33) extending over the entire length of the centre part and of metal bridging webs (36) which run parallel to one another and at right-angles to the longitudinal axis of the light metal profile, wherein the foot profiles of the metallic bridging webs are arranged in recesses (36) of the plastics strip (33).
- Frame according to claim 1, characterised in that the heat absorbing, hydrophillic adsorbent is composed of alum or gypsum.
- Frame according to claim 8, characterised in that the heat absorbing hydrophillic adsorbent is composed of potassium alum or gypsum, wherein the potassium alum is integrated into a gypsum matrix.
- Frame according to claim 9, characterised in that the heat absorbing plates or other moulded bodies are composed of 50% potassium alum and 50% of a modified gypsum.
- Frame according to claim 5, characterised in that the centre part (3) of the light metal profile is composed of one or more parallel sheet metal strips, preferably of aluminium, and by means of having punched out areas of any configuration, these sheet metal strips make possible a reduced flow of heat.
- Frame according to claim 11, characterised in that the row punched out is formed of triangles alternately orientated opposite to one another (Fig. 2).
- Frame according to claim 11 or 12, characterised in that the sheet metal strips forming the centre part are provided with foot pieces (11) which are anchored into grooves in the outer parts of the light metal profile.
- Frame according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the plates or other moulded bodies of a heat absorbing hydrophillic adsorbent are fixed to both outer parts of the light alloy profile.
- Frame according to claim 7, characterised in that on both or on one outer part of the light alloy profile and on the centre part or in a chamber of the centre part there are provided plates or other moulded bodies of heat absorbing material with a large portion of water.
- Frame according to claim 14, characterised in that the outer parts of the light metal profile are configured as closed or open hollow profiles of aluminium and in the hollow chambers are arranged moulded bodies of heat absorbing material with a large portion of water, partially or completely filling the hollow chambers.
- Frame according to claim 16, characterised in that in addition to the arrangement of the moulded bodies of heat absorbing material in a closed or open hollow chamber of one or both outer parts or/and in a closed or open hollow chamber of the centre part, a covering plate of heat absorbing material is fixed onto the outer surface of an outer part of the light metal profile.
- Frame according to claim 17, characterised in that the plates of heat absorbing material fixed onto the outside of the light metal profile forming a frame are parts of a unified frame.
- Frame according to claim 15 or 17, characterised in that fibres, preferably glass fibres, are embedded in the outer layers of the moulded bodies.
- Frame according to claim 16, 17 or 18, characterised in that a sheet metal cover (50) is associated with the plate-shaped moulded bodies (37, 48, 49).
- Frame according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the energy consuming moulded body (25, 26, 27, 28) is secured in its position in the associated internal chamber of the metal profile by means of metal springs (29).
- Frame according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the fittings rebate between the door or window frame and the door or window casement, a fire protection strip (31) of material which inflates with temperature loading is respectively arranged in front of the perforated metal strip (4).
- Frame according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the response temperatures of the moulded bodies associated with a metal profile are different.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97111156.2A EP0802300B2 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-11-18 | Framework made of fireproof metal profiles for windows, doors, facades or glazed roofs |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4443762A DE4443762A1 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1994-12-08 | Framework made of metal profiles in fire protection for windows, doors, facades or glass roofs |
DE4443762 | 1994-12-08 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97111156.2A Division EP0802300B2 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-11-18 | Framework made of fireproof metal profiles for windows, doors, facades or glazed roofs |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0717165A1 EP0717165A1 (en) | 1996-06-19 |
EP0717165B1 true EP0717165B1 (en) | 1999-05-12 |
EP0717165B2 EP0717165B2 (en) | 2008-08-13 |
Family
ID=6535312
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95118182A Expired - Lifetime EP0717165B2 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-11-18 | Framework made of fireproof metal profiles for windows, doors, facades or glazed roofs |
EP97111156.2A Expired - Lifetime EP0802300B2 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-11-18 | Framework made of fireproof metal profiles for windows, doors, facades or glazed roofs |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97111156.2A Expired - Lifetime EP0802300B2 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-11-18 | Framework made of fireproof metal profiles for windows, doors, facades or glazed roofs |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5694731A (en) |
EP (2) | EP0717165B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH08218745A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100380989B1 (en) |
AT (2) | ATE180040T1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ290046B6 (en) |
DE (5) | DE4443762A1 (en) |
DK (2) | DK0802300T3 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2131254T5 (en) |
FI (1) | FI104991B (en) |
HU (1) | HU217682B (en) |
IL (1) | IL116227A0 (en) |
PL (1) | PL178256B1 (en) |
SK (1) | SK281995B6 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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- 1994-12-08 DE DE9422222U patent/DE9422222U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1995
- 1995-11-18 DE DE59506920T patent/DE59506920D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-18 EP EP95118182A patent/EP0717165B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-18 EP EP97111156.2A patent/EP0802300B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-18 DK DK97111156T patent/DK0802300T3/en active
- 1995-11-18 DE DE59505903T patent/DE59505903D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1995-12-01 IL IL11622795A patent/IL116227A0/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1995-12-07 US US08/568,931 patent/US5694731A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0933486B1 (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 2002-05-02 | SCHÜCO International KG | Curtain wall or glazed roof with a fire protection |
DE19700696B4 (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 2008-07-31 | SCHÜCO International KG | Facade or glass roof in fire protection version |
EP1138864A1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-04 | SCHÜCO International KG | Compound section member for windows, facades, doors or glazed roof |
DE10016012A1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-18 | Schueco Int Kg | Composite profile for windows, facades, doors or skylights |
DE10016012B4 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2004-02-05 | SCHÜCO International KG | Composite profile for windows, facades, doors or skylights |
DE102014112107A1 (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2016-02-25 | SCHÜCO International KG | Door or window with fire protection properties |
EP2990581A1 (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-02 | SCHÜCO International KG | Door or window with fire protection properties |
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