EP0704872A1 - Middle voltage interruptor or circuit breaker - Google Patents

Middle voltage interruptor or circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0704872A1
EP0704872A1 EP95410095A EP95410095A EP0704872A1 EP 0704872 A1 EP0704872 A1 EP 0704872A1 EP 95410095 A EP95410095 A EP 95410095A EP 95410095 A EP95410095 A EP 95410095A EP 0704872 A1 EP0704872 A1 EP 0704872A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
driver
switch according
contact
spring
arcing
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95410095A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0704872B1 (en
Inventor
Denis Schneider Electric Perrin
Reynald Schneider Electric Marin-Pache
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric SE
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Publication of EP0704872A1 publication Critical patent/EP0704872A1/en
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Publication of EP0704872B1 publication Critical patent/EP0704872B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a medium-voltage switch or circuit breaker comprising an arc extinguishing chamber formed by a cylinder closed by two bottoms, said chamber containing a fixed arcing contact secured to one of the aforementioned bottoms and electrically connected to a first current supply conductor, and a movable arcing contact mounted to slide longitudinally through the other of the two bottoms and electrically connected to a second current supply conductor.
  • the aforementioned movable arcing contact is moved in translation by a control mechanism ensuring the closing and the separation of the arcing contacts, the pressure of said contacts in the closed position being maintained by means of a pressure spring acting on the movable contact and whose force corresponds substantially to the electrodynamic forces of repulsion of arcing contacts generated by the passage of current.
  • Japanese patent application No. 190063/1993 describes several embodiments of a circuit breaker, one of which has the characteristics mentioned above.
  • the pressure spring is mounted in compression between an intermediate piece acting on the movable contact and a plate connected to a control rod articulated on the support of the circuit breaker.
  • circuit breaker described in patent document FR 2 677 168 of the applicant, comprising two main contacts shunted by two arcing contacts abutted in the closed position.
  • the movable contact is controlled by a mechanism comprising on the one hand, a toggle formed by a crank and a connecting rod to said movable contact, and on the other hand a pressure spring precompressed between the crank and a pin belonging to the connecting rod. connection and sliding in a light provided in said crank, said spring being active when the toggle is in the vicinity of neutral.
  • circuit breakers of the aforementioned type have certain drawbacks.
  • One of these drawbacks is that the inertia of the moving parts, during the opening and closing operations of the arcing contacts, influences the speed of movement of the movable contact.
  • Another of these drawbacks is that the maintenance of the contact force generates stresses in the parts external to the breaking device because the mechanism for controlling the movable contact participates in the maintenance of the contact pressure.
  • the present invention solves these problems and proposes a switch or circuit breaker of simple design and of reduced size, reducing the number of moving parts whose inertia influences the speed and acceleration of the moving contact, while removing the constraints generated. in parts outside the cut-off device when maintaining contact pressure.
  • the present invention relates to a medium voltage electric switch of the kind including an arc extinguishing chamber of substantially cylindrical shape and closed by two fixed bottoms, said chamber containing a fixed arcing contact integral with the one of the aforementioned funds and electrically connected to a first current supply conductor and a movable arcing contact mounted to slide longitudinally through the other of the two funds, said movable contact being electrically connected to a second supply conductor of the current and being moved by a control mechanism ensuring the closing and the separation of said arcing contacts, the pressure of the contacts in the closed position being maintained by a spring acting on the movable contact,
  • this switch being characterized in that it comprises an energy accumulation mechanism cooperating with the aforementioned control mechanism so as to ensure during a successful closing operation ively, the closing of the arcing contacts, then a compression of the aforementioned spring, said spring in the compressed state acting on the movable contact to produce the pressure of the arcing contacts, the energy accumulated during the compression of the spring being used to ensure rapid
  • the above-mentioned energy accumulation mechanism comprises a coach in the general shape of a frame, mounted to slide in a first fixed support and housing the aforementioned chamber, said coach being supported, by its upper part, on the one of the ends of the aforementioned spring, the other end of which is in abutment on the aforementioned support, while its lower part cooperates with a dead center passage system connected in an articulated manner on the one hand, to the control mechanism and on the other hand hand, in contact with a moving arc.
  • this mechanism further comprises a stop intended to limit the translational travel of the driver during an opening operation of the arcing contacts.
  • the neutral passage system comprises at least one toggle joint articulated to a connecting rod for driving the control mechanism, said toggle joint being in the vicinity of the neutral position in the position of closing of the arcing contacts and cooperating by its lower part with the lower part of the driver.
  • this system comprises two knee pads located on either side of the coach and connected by a connecting element bearing on the lower part of the coach.
  • the aforementioned toggle (s) is (are) each constituted by two connecting rods connected in an articulated manner by one of their ends to each other, said connecting rods being connected in an articulated manner by their other end respectively, to the movable contact and to a guide rod, articulated on a second fixed support.
  • the toggle joint (s) is (are) each constituted by a double crank articulated on the movable arcing contact and comprising two simple cranks respectively connected in an articulated manner to the driving rod of the control mechanism and to a connecting rod hingedly connected to a guide rod hinged on a second fixed support.
  • the neutral passage system comprises at least one cam connected in an articulated manner to a driving rod of the control mechanism and comprising an arcuate groove in which slides a lug secured to the movable contact, said cam being further connected in an articulated manner to a guide rod articulated on a second fixed support and cooperating with the lower part of the driver.
  • the first and second supports are respectively electrically connected to the first and second current supply conductors.
  • the aforementioned spring is mounted around the rod of a screw passing through the upper part of the driver and the first fixed support to be screwed into the fixed arcing contact.
  • the movable contact bears on a stop formed on the driver so that the impact energy generated by the displacement of the movable contact is absorbed by the spring.
  • This pole D comprises an arc extinguishing chamber 5 constituted by a closed cylinder by two bottoms 5a, 5b and containing two arcing contacts 1, 2 respectively fixed and mobile.
  • the fixed arcing contact 1 is integral with one of the aforementioned bottoms 5a and electrically connected to a first current supply conductor 20, while the movable arcing contact 2 is slidably mounted through the other of the bottom 5b by being electrically connected to a second current supply conductor 21, and mechanically to a control mechanism C.
  • This control mechanism C comprises a drive rod (or control rod 11) hingedly connected to a double crank 30 connected to another connecting rod 31, which is connected to a drive shaft 32.
  • this pole D further comprises a mechanism called energy storage A comprising a drive device, called driver 4, generally in the form of a frame, a neutral passage system S, and a pressure spring 3.
  • the driver 4 comprises an upper part 4a forming a lifting beam and a lower part 4b in the shape of a U, these parts being ant connected by two tie rods 4c, 4d slidably mounted through a support 6, called first, constituting the first conductor for supplying the above-mentioned current 20.
  • the lower U-shaped part 4b of the driver 4 is slidably mounted through a second support 13 constituting the second current supply conductor 21.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 5 is housed inside the driver 4 and the pressure spring 3 is supported, by one 3a of its ends, on the upper part 4a of the driver, and, by its other end 3b on the aforementioned fixed support 6. This spring is also mounted around the rod 22 of a screw 23 passing through the upper part 4a of the driver 4 and the first support 6 for screwing into the fixed arcing contact 1.
  • the system for passing through neutral S comprises on each side of the trainer 4, two knee pads 7, 8 each constituted by two connecting rods 9,10 connected in an articulated manner by the one of their ends.
  • one of the connecting rods is a double crank 14 consisting of two simple cranks 15, 16, said crank being connected in an articulated manner at a point situated between its two cranks 15, 16 at the movable contact 2.
  • One 16 of the cranks simple is further connected to an intermediate rod 17, which is connected to a guide rod 12 hinged on the second fixed support 13, while the other crank 15 is hingedly connected to the control rod 11.
  • the two knee pads 7, 8 are connected by an axis or the like (not shown) bearing on the lower part 4b of the coach 4.
  • the neutral passage system S comprises, on each side of the driver 4, a cam 18 articulated on the control rod 11 and comprising a circular groove 18a in which slides a lug 18b secured to the movable arcing contact 2, said cam 18 being further articulated on the aforementioned guide rod 12 while bearing on the lower part 4b of the driver 4.
  • circuit breaker of the invention The operation of the circuit breaker of the invention will be described below with reference to the figures.
  • the pole D cut-off mechanism is in the stable opening position, the arcing contacts 1, 2 being open.
  • the control rod 11 has moved in the direction of the arrow F, which has caused a rotation of the crank 14 (respectively of the connecting rod 9) around the axis X, in the anticlockwise direction, causing an upward movement of the movable contact 2, until the arcing contacts 1, 2 are closed ( Figures 3 and 6). In this position, the contact pressure is not ensured.
  • the drive rod 11 is moved in the opposite direction to the previous one, which generates a rotation of the crank 14 and of the rod 17.
  • the energy accumulated by the spring 3 during compression becomes kinetic energy
  • the driver 4 is biased upwards by the spring 3 until it comes to bear against the stop 33 formed at the upper part of the screw 23 ( Figures 2,3 and 4), position shown in Figures 3 and 6.
  • the crank 14 and the connecting rod 17 are set in speed, which causes separation at high speed of the arcing contacts 1, 2, and the abutment of the movable contact 2, on another abutment 34, formed on the driver 4, the impact energy thus being absorbed by the pressure spring 3.
  • a circuit breaker or switch has therefore been produced in which the inertia of the parts related to the maintenance of the contact pressure does not affect the speed of movement of the movable contact, and in which the stresses due to the maintenance contact force are minimized in the parts outside the circuit breaker.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The circuit breaker includes an energy store (A) which comprises a drive (4) in the form of a frame sliding in a fixed support (6) and housed in the arc chamber (5). The upper part (4a) of the drive is supported on one end (3a) of a compression spring (3) and the lower part (4b) of the drive joins with the control mechanism (C) of the moving contact (2). When the closure operation occurs, the arc contacts (1, 2) first close and then the spring is compressed so that it acts on the moving contact (2), allowing rapid release of energy on opening. The control mechanism is connected to the moving contact passing through a neutral position (S) joining the lower part of the drive.

Description

La présente invention concerne un interrupteur ou disjoncteur moyenne tension comportant une chambre d'extinction d'arc formée d'un cylindre obturé par deux fonds, ladite chambre renfermant un contact d'arc fixe solidaire de l'un des fonds précités et relié électriquement à un premier conducteur d'amenée du courant, et un contact d'arc mobile monté à coulissement longitudinal à travers l'autre des deux fonds et relié électriquement à un second conducteur d'amenée du courant. Le contact d'arc mobile précité est mu en translation par un mécanisme de commande assurant la fermeture et la séparation des contacts d'arc, la pression desdits contacts en position de fermeture étant maintenue grâce à un ressort de pression agissant sur le contact mobile et dont la force correspond sensiblement aux forces électrodynamiques de répulsion des contacts d'arc engendrées par le passage du courant.The present invention relates to a medium-voltage switch or circuit breaker comprising an arc extinguishing chamber formed by a cylinder closed by two bottoms, said chamber containing a fixed arcing contact secured to one of the aforementioned bottoms and electrically connected to a first current supply conductor, and a movable arcing contact mounted to slide longitudinally through the other of the two bottoms and electrically connected to a second current supply conductor. The aforementioned movable arcing contact is moved in translation by a control mechanism ensuring the closing and the separation of the arcing contacts, the pressure of said contacts in the closed position being maintained by means of a pressure spring acting on the movable contact and whose force corresponds substantially to the electrodynamic forces of repulsion of arcing contacts generated by the passage of current.

La demande de brevet japonaise n° 190063/1993 décrit plusieurs réalisations d'un disjoncteur dont l'une comporte les caractéristiques précédemment mentionnées. Suivant cette réalisation, le ressort de pression est monté en compression entre une pièce intermédiaire agissant sur le contact mobile et une platine reliée à une bielle de commande articulée sur le support du disjoncteur.Japanese patent application No. 190063/1993 describes several embodiments of a circuit breaker, one of which has the characteristics mentioned above. According to this embodiment, the pressure spring is mounted in compression between an intermediate piece acting on the movable contact and a plate connected to a control rod articulated on the support of the circuit breaker.

On connaît également un disjoncteur, décrit dans le document de brevet FR 2 677 168 de la demanderesse, comprenant deux contacts principaux shuntés par deux contacts d'arc aboutés en position de fermeture. Le contact mobile est commandé par un mécanisme comprenant d'une part, une genouillère formée par une manivelle et une bielle de liaison audit contact mobile, et d'autre part un ressort de pression précomprimé entre la manivelle et un tourillon appartenant à la bielle de liaison et coulissant dans une lumière prévue dans ladite manivelle, ledit ressort étant actif lorsque la genouillère se trouve au voisinage du point mort.Also known is a circuit breaker, described in patent document FR 2 677 168 of the applicant, comprising two main contacts shunted by two arcing contacts abutted in the closed position. The movable contact is controlled by a mechanism comprising on the one hand, a toggle formed by a crank and a connecting rod to said movable contact, and on the other hand a pressure spring precompressed between the crank and a pin belonging to the connecting rod. connection and sliding in a light provided in said crank, said spring being active when the toggle is in the vicinity of neutral.

Or les disjoncteurs connus du genre précédemment mentionné présentent certains inconvénients. L'un de ces inconvénients tient en ce que l'inertie des pièces en mouvement, lors des manoeuvres d'ouverture et de fermeture des contacts d'arc, influence la vitesse de déplacement du contact mobile. Un autre de ces inconvénients tient en ce que le maintien de l'effort de contact engendre des contraintes dans les pièces extérieures au dispositif de coupure car le mécanisme de commande du contact mobile participe au maintien de la pression de contact.However, known circuit breakers of the aforementioned type have certain drawbacks. One of these drawbacks is that the inertia of the moving parts, during the opening and closing operations of the arcing contacts, influences the speed of movement of the movable contact. Another of these drawbacks is that the maintenance of the contact force generates stresses in the parts external to the breaking device because the mechanism for controlling the movable contact participates in the maintenance of the contact pressure.

La présente invention résout ces problèmes et propose un interrupteur ou disjoncteur de conception simple et d'encombrement réduit, diminuant le nombre de pièces en mouvement dont l'inertie influe sur la vitesse et l'accélération du contact mobile, tout en supprimant les contraintes engendrées dans les pièces extérieures au dispositif de coupure lors du maintien de la pression de contact.The present invention solves these problems and proposes a switch or circuit breaker of simple design and of reduced size, reducing the number of moving parts whose inertia influences the speed and acceleration of the moving contact, while removing the constraints generated. in parts outside the cut-off device when maintaining contact pressure.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un interrupteur électrique moyenne tension du genre incluant une chambre d'extinction d'arc de forme sensiblement cylindrique et obturée par deux fonds fixes, ladite chambre renfermant un contact d'arc fixe solidaire de l'un des fonds précités et relié électriquement à un premier conducteur d'amenée du courant et un contact d'arc mobile monté à coulissement longitudinal à travers l'autre des deux fonds, ledit contact mobile étant relié électriquement à un second conducteur d'amenée du courant et étant mu par un mécanisme de commande assurant la fermeture et la séparation desdits contacts d'arc, la pression des contacts en position de fermeture étant maintenue par un ressort agissant sur le contact mobile, cet interrupteur étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un mécanisme à accumulation d'énergie coopérant avec le mécanisme de commande précité de manière à assurer lors d'une manoeuvre de fermeture successivement, la fermeture des contacts d'arc, puis une compression du ressort précité, ledit ressort à l'état comprimé agissant sur le contact mobile pour réaliser la pression des contacts d'arc, l'énergie accumulée lors de la compression du ressort étant utilisée pour assurer la séparation rapide des contacts d'arc lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture desdits contacts.To this end, the present invention relates to a medium voltage electric switch of the kind including an arc extinguishing chamber of substantially cylindrical shape and closed by two fixed bottoms, said chamber containing a fixed arcing contact integral with the one of the aforementioned funds and electrically connected to a first current supply conductor and a movable arcing contact mounted to slide longitudinally through the other of the two funds, said movable contact being electrically connected to a second supply conductor of the current and being moved by a control mechanism ensuring the closing and the separation of said arcing contacts, the pressure of the contacts in the closed position being maintained by a spring acting on the movable contact, this switch being characterized in that it comprises an energy accumulation mechanism cooperating with the aforementioned control mechanism so as to ensure during a successful closing operation ively, the closing of the arcing contacts, then a compression of the aforementioned spring, said spring in the compressed state acting on the movable contact to produce the pressure of the arcing contacts, the energy accumulated during the compression of the spring being used to ensure rapid separation of the arcing contacts during an opening operation of said contacts.

Selon une réalisation particulière, le mécanisme à accumulation d'énergie précité comporte un entraîneur en forme général de cadre, monté à coulissement dans un premier support fixe et logeant la chambre précitée, ledit entraîneur étant en appui, par sa partie supérieure, sur l'une des extrémités du ressort précité dont l'autre extrémité est en appui sur le support précité, tandis que sa partie inférieure coopère avec un système à passage de point mort relié de manière articulée d'une part, au mécanisme de commande et d'autre part, au contact d'arc mobile.According to a particular embodiment, the above-mentioned energy accumulation mechanism comprises a coach in the general shape of a frame, mounted to slide in a first fixed support and housing the aforementioned chamber, said coach being supported, by its upper part, on the one of the ends of the aforementioned spring, the other end of which is in abutment on the aforementioned support, while its lower part cooperates with a dead center passage system connected in an articulated manner on the one hand, to the control mechanism and on the other hand hand, in contact with a moving arc.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, ce mécanisme comporte en outre une butée destinée à limiter la course en translation de l'entraîneur lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture des contacts d'arc.According to a particular characteristic, this mechanism further comprises a stop intended to limit the translational travel of the driver during an opening operation of the arcing contacts.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le système à passage de point mort comporte au moins une genouillère reliée de manière articulée à une bielle d'entraînement du mécanisme de commande, ladite genouillère se trouvant au voisinage du point mort en position de fermeture des contacts d'arc et coopérant par sa partie inférieure avec la partie inférieure de l'entraîneur.According to a particular characteristic, the neutral passage system comprises at least one toggle joint articulated to a connecting rod for driving the control mechanism, said toggle joint being in the vicinity of the neutral position in the position of closing of the arcing contacts and cooperating by its lower part with the lower part of the driver.

Avantageusement, ce système comporte deux genouillères situées de part et d'autre de l'entraîneur et reliées par un élément de liaison en appui sur la partie inférieure de l'entraîneur.Advantageously, this system comprises two knee pads located on either side of the coach and connected by a connecting element bearing on the lower part of the coach.

Selon une réalisation particulière, la ou les genouillère(s) précitée(s) est (sont) constituée(s) chacune par deux bielles reliées de manière articulée par l'une de leurs extrémités entre elles, lesdites bielles étant reliées de manière articulée par leur autre extrémité respectivement, au contact mobile et à une bielle de guidage, articulée sur un second support fixe.According to a particular embodiment, the aforementioned toggle (s) is (are) each constituted by two connecting rods connected in an articulated manner by one of their ends to each other, said connecting rods being connected in an articulated manner by their other end respectively, to the movable contact and to a guide rod, articulated on a second fixed support.

Avantageusement, la ou les genouillère(s) est (sont) constituée(s) chacune par une manivelle double articulée sur le contact d'arc mobile et comprenant deux manivelles simples respectivement reliées de manière articulée à la bielle d'entraînement du mécanisme de commande et à une bielle de liaison reliée de manière articulée à une bielle de guidage articulée sur un second support fixe.Advantageously, the toggle joint (s) is (are) each constituted by a double crank articulated on the movable arcing contact and comprising two simple cranks respectively connected in an articulated manner to the driving rod of the control mechanism and to a connecting rod hingedly connected to a guide rod hinged on a second fixed support.

Selon une variante de réalisation, le système à passage de point mort comporte au moins une came reliée de manière articulée à une bielle d'entraînement du mécanisme de commande et comportant une rainure arquée dans laquelle coulisse un ergot solidaire du contact mobile, ladite came étant en outre reliée de manière articulée à une bielle de guidage articulée sur un second support fixe et coopérant avec la partie inférieure de l'entraîneur.According to an alternative embodiment, the neutral passage system comprises at least one cam connected in an articulated manner to a driving rod of the control mechanism and comprising an arcuate groove in which slides a lug secured to the movable contact, said cam being further connected in an articulated manner to a guide rod articulated on a second fixed support and cooperating with the lower part of the driver.

Selon une autre caractéristique, les premier et second supports sont respectivement reliés électriquement aux premier et second conducteurs d'amenée de courant.According to another characteristic, the first and second supports are respectively electrically connected to the first and second current supply conductors.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le ressort précité est monté autour de la tige d'une vis traversant la partie supérieure de l'entraîneur et le premier support fixe pour se visser dans le contact d'arc fixe.According to another characteristic, the aforementioned spring is mounted around the rod of a screw passing through the upper part of the driver and the first fixed support to be screwed into the fixed arcing contact.

Avantageusement, en fin d'ouverture le contact mobile vient en appui sur une butée formée sur l'entraîneur de manière que l'énergie de choc engendrée par le déplacement du contact mobile soit absorbée par le ressort.Advantageously, at the end of opening, the movable contact bears on a stop formed on the driver so that the impact energy generated by the displacement of the movable contact is absorbed by the spring.

Mais d'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue partiellement en coupe illustrant un pôle du disjoncteur selon une réalisation particulière de l'invention.
  • Les figures 2 à 4, illustrent des vues en coupe du même pôle fixé sur un châssis, respectivement en position d'ouverture des contacts d'arc, en position de fermeture sans pression de contact, et en position de fermeture avec maintien de la pression de contact,
  • Les figures 5 à 7 illustrent, dans des vues schématiques, le fonctionnement du disjoncteur respectivement dans les trois positions précédemment mentionnées.
  • La figure 5a illustre une vue partielle schématique, d'une autre réalisation du système de point mort de l'invention.
However, other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better in the detailed description which follows and which refers to the appended drawings given solely by way of example and in which:
  • Figure 1 is a partially sectional view illustrating a pole of the circuit breaker according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 2 to 4 illustrate sectional views of the same pole fixed to a frame, respectively in the open position of the arcing contacts, in the closed position without contact pressure, and in the closed position with pressure maintenance of contact,
  • Figures 5 to 7 illustrate, in schematic views, the operation of the circuit breaker respectively in the three positions mentioned above.
  • FIG. 5a illustrates a partial schematic view of another embodiment of the neutral system of the invention.

Sur les figures, on voit l'un des pôles d'un disjoncteur selon une réalisation particulière de l'invention destiné à être fixé sur un châssis E. Ce pôle D comprend une chambre d'extinction d'arc 5 constituée par un cylindre obturé par deux fonds 5a, 5b et renfermant deux contacts d'arc 1, 2 respectivement fixe et mobile.In the figures, one sees one of the poles of a circuit breaker according to a particular embodiment of the invention intended to be fixed on a chassis E. This pole D comprises an arc extinguishing chamber 5 constituted by a closed cylinder by two bottoms 5a, 5b and containing two arcing contacts 1, 2 respectively fixed and mobile.

Le contact d'arc fixe 1 est solidaire de l'un des fonds précités 5a et relié électriquement à un premier conducteur d'amenée du courant 20, tandis que le contact d'arc mobile 2 est monté à coulissement à travers l'autre des fonds 5b en étant relié électriquement à un second conducteur d'amenée du courant 21, et mécaniquement à un mécanisme de commande C. Ce mécanisme de commande C comprend une bielle d'entraînement (ou tige de commande 11) reliée de manière articulée à une manivelle double 30 reliée à une autre bielle 31, laquelle est reliée à un arbre d'entraînement 32. Conformément à l'invention, ce pôle D comprend en outre un mécanisme dit à accumulation d'énergie A comportant un dispositif d'entraînement, dit entraîneur 4, en forme générale de cadre, un système à passage de point mort S, et un ressort de pression 3. L'entraîneur 4 comprend une partie supérieure 4a formant palonnier et une partie inférieure 4b en forme de U, ces parties étant reliées par deux tirants 4c, 4d montés à coulissement à travers un support 6, dit premier, constituant le premier conducteur d'amenée du courant précité 20. La partie inférieure en forme de U 4b de l'entraîneur 4 est montée coulissante à travers un second support 13 constituant le second conducteur d'amenée du courant 21. La chambre d'extinction d'arc 5 est logée à l'intérieur de l'entraîneur 4 et le ressort de pression 3 est en appui, par l'une 3a de ses extrémités, sur la partie supérieure 4a de l'entraîneur, et, par son autre extrémité 3b sur le support fixe précité 6. Ce ressort est également monté autour de la tige 22 d'une vis 23 traversant la partie supérieure 4a de l'entraîneur 4 et le premier support 6 pour se visser dans le contact d'arc fixe 1.The fixed arcing contact 1 is integral with one of the aforementioned bottoms 5a and electrically connected to a first current supply conductor 20, while the movable arcing contact 2 is slidably mounted through the other of the bottom 5b by being electrically connected to a second current supply conductor 21, and mechanically to a control mechanism C. This control mechanism C comprises a drive rod (or control rod 11) hingedly connected to a double crank 30 connected to another connecting rod 31, which is connected to a drive shaft 32. According to the invention, this pole D further comprises a mechanism called energy storage A comprising a drive device, called driver 4, generally in the form of a frame, a neutral passage system S, and a pressure spring 3. The driver 4 comprises an upper part 4a forming a lifting beam and a lower part 4b in the shape of a U, these parts being ant connected by two tie rods 4c, 4d slidably mounted through a support 6, called first, constituting the first conductor for supplying the above-mentioned current 20. The lower U-shaped part 4b of the driver 4 is slidably mounted through a second support 13 constituting the second current supply conductor 21. The arc extinguishing chamber 5 is housed inside the driver 4 and the pressure spring 3 is supported, by one 3a of its ends, on the upper part 4a of the driver, and, by its other end 3b on the aforementioned fixed support 6. This spring is also mounted around the rod 22 of a screw 23 passing through the upper part 4a of the driver 4 and the first support 6 for screwing into the fixed arcing contact 1.

Selon une réalisation particulière de l'invention, le système à passage de point mort S comporte de chaque côté de l'entraîneur 4, deux genouillères 7, 8 constituées chacune par deux bielles 9,10 reliées de manière articulée entre elles, par l'une de leurs extrémités. Avantageusement, l'une des bielles est une manivelle double 14 constituée de deux manivelles simples 15,16, ladite manivelle étant reliée de manière articulée en un point situé entre ses deux manivelles 15, 16 au contact mobile 2. L'une 16 des manivelles simples est reliée en outre à une bielle intermédiaire 17, laquelle est reliée à une bielle de guidage 12 articulée sur le second support fixe 13, tandis que l'autre manivelle 15 est reliée de manière articulée à la tige de commande 11. Dans cette réalisation, les deux genouillères 7, 8 sont reliées par un axe ou analogue (non représenté) en appui sur la partie inférieure 4b de l'entraîneur 4.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the system for passing through neutral S comprises on each side of the trainer 4, two knee pads 7, 8 each constituted by two connecting rods 9,10 connected in an articulated manner by the one of their ends. Advantageously, one of the connecting rods is a double crank 14 consisting of two simple cranks 15, 16, said crank being connected in an articulated manner at a point situated between its two cranks 15, 16 at the movable contact 2. One 16 of the cranks simple is further connected to an intermediate rod 17, which is connected to a guide rod 12 hinged on the second fixed support 13, while the other crank 15 is hingedly connected to the control rod 11. In this embodiment , the two knee pads 7, 8 are connected by an axis or the like (not shown) bearing on the lower part 4b of the coach 4.

Suivant une variante de réalisation, illustrée sur la figure 5a, le système à passage de point mort S comporte, de chaque côté de l'entraîneur 4, une came 18 articulée sur la tige de commande 11 et comprenant une rainure circulaire 18a dans laquelle coulisse un ergot 18b solidaire du contact d'arc mobile 2, ladite came 18 étant en outre articulée sur la bielle de guidage 12 précitée en étant en appui sur la partie inférieure 4b de l'entraîneur 4.According to an alternative embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 5a, the neutral passage system S comprises, on each side of the driver 4, a cam 18 articulated on the control rod 11 and comprising a circular groove 18a in which slides a lug 18b secured to the movable arcing contact 2, said cam 18 being further articulated on the aforementioned guide rod 12 while bearing on the lower part 4b of the driver 4.

On décrira ci-après le fonctionnement du disjoncteur de l'invention en référence aux figures.The operation of the circuit breaker of the invention will be described below with reference to the figures.

Sur les figures 2 et 5, le mécanisme de coupure du pôle D est en position d'ouverture stable, les contacts d'arc 1, 2 étant ouverts. Lorsqu'on passe de la position de la figure 2 (respectivement 5) à la position de la figure 3 (respectivement 6), la tige de commande 11 s'est déplacée suivant le sens de la flèche F, ce qui a entraîné une rotation de la manivelle 14 (respectivement de la bielle 9) autour de l'axe X, dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre, entraînant un déplacement vers le haut du contact mobile 2, jusqu'à ce que les contacts d'arc 1, 2 soient fermés (figures 3 et 6). Dans cette position, la pression de contact n'est pas assurée. Lorsque l'on poursuit la manoeuvre de fermeture, la manivelle 14 et la bielle 17 (ou les deux bielles 9, 10) s'approchent de l'alignement, ce qui engendre une poussée sur la partie inférieure 4b de l'entraîneur 4 engendrant son déplacement vers le bas. Il s'ensuit une compression du ressort de pression 3 (figures 4 et 7) lequel, lorsque la manoeuvre de fermeture est achevée, applique par réaction, un effort sur la partie supérieure 4a de l'entraîneur 4 qui est ainsi sollicité vers le haut et exerce par sa partie inférieure 4b, un effort sur le contact mobile 2, assurant ainsi la pression de contact des contacts d'arc 1, 2. Le disjoncteur est alors en position fermée stable. On notera que dans cette position, la genouillère 7, 8 peut ne pas être tout à fait au point mort (c'est à dire en position alignée des bielles 9, 10, ou de la manivelle 14 et de la bielle 17).In FIGS. 2 and 5, the pole D cut-off mechanism is in the stable opening position, the arcing contacts 1, 2 being open. When moving from the position of FIG. 2 (respectively 5) to the position of FIG. 3 (respectively 6), the control rod 11 has moved in the direction of the arrow F, which has caused a rotation of the crank 14 (respectively of the connecting rod 9) around the axis X, in the anticlockwise direction, causing an upward movement of the movable contact 2, until the arcing contacts 1, 2 are closed (Figures 3 and 6). In this position, the contact pressure is not ensured. When the closing operation is continued, the crank 14 and the connecting rod 17 (or the two connecting rods 9, 10) approach the alignment, which generates a thrust on the lower part 4b of the driver 4 generating moving it down. It follows a compression of the pressure spring 3 (Figures 4 and 7) which, when the closing operation is completed, applies by reaction, a force on the part upper 4a of the driver 4 which is thus urged upwards and exerts by its lower part 4b, a force on the movable contact 2, thus ensuring the contact pressure of the arcing contacts 1, 2. The circuit breaker is then in stable closed position. Note that in this position, the toggle 7, 8 may not be completely in neutral (that is to say in the aligned position of the connecting rods 9, 10, or the crank 14 and the connecting rod 17).

Lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture du disjoncteur, la bielle d'entraînement 11 est déplacée dans le sens opposé au précédent, ce qui engendre une rotation de la manivelle 14 et de la bielle 17. En début d'ouverture, l'énergie accumulée par le ressort 3 lors de la compression, se transforme en énergie cinétique, et l'entraîneur 4 est sollicité vers le haut par le ressort 3 jusqu'à ce qu'il vienne en appui contre la butée 33 formée à la partie supérieure de la vis 23 (figures 2,3 et 4), position représentée sur les figures 3 et 6. A cette étape, la manivelle 14 et la bielle 17 (ou bielles 9,10) sont mises en vitesse, ce qui provoque une séparation à grande vitesse des contacts d'arc 1, 2, et la venue en butée du contact mobile 2, sur une autre butée 34, formée sur l'entraîneur 4, l'énergie de choc étant ainsi absorbée par le ressort de pression 3.During an opening operation of the circuit breaker, the drive rod 11 is moved in the opposite direction to the previous one, which generates a rotation of the crank 14 and of the rod 17. At the start of opening, the energy accumulated by the spring 3 during compression, becomes kinetic energy, and the driver 4 is biased upwards by the spring 3 until it comes to bear against the stop 33 formed at the upper part of the screw 23 (Figures 2,3 and 4), position shown in Figures 3 and 6. At this stage, the crank 14 and the connecting rod 17 (or connecting rods 9,10) are set in speed, which causes separation at high speed of the arcing contacts 1, 2, and the abutment of the movable contact 2, on another abutment 34, formed on the driver 4, the impact energy thus being absorbed by the pressure spring 3.

On ne décrira pas le fonctionnement du disjoncteur comprenant un système d'entraînement du contact mobile 2 par l'intermédiaire d'une came 18 qui est le même que celui précédemment décrit.We will not describe the operation of the circuit breaker comprising a movable contact drive system 2 via a cam 18 which is the same as that previously described.

On notera que l'invention pourra être appliquée indifféremment pour la réalisation d'un interrupteur ou bien d'un disjoncteur ou tout système nécessitant un organe de coupure rapide.It will be noted that the invention may be applied equally for the production of a switch or else of a circuit breaker or any system requiring a quick-disconnect device.

On a donc réalisé grâce à l'invention, un disjoncteur ou interrupteur dans lequel l'inertie des pièces liées au maintien de la pression de contact n'intervient pas sur la vitesse de déplacement du contact mobile, et dans lequel les contraintes dues au maintien de l'effort de contact sont minimisées dans les pièces extérieures au disjoncteur.Thanks to the invention, a circuit breaker or switch has therefore been produced in which the inertia of the parts related to the maintenance of the contact pressure does not affect the speed of movement of the movable contact, and in which the stresses due to the maintenance contact force are minimized in the parts outside the circuit breaker.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et illustrés qui n'ont été donnés qu'à titre d'exemple.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and illustrated which have been given only by way of example.

Au contraire, l'invention comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci sont effectuées suivant son esprit.On the contrary, the invention includes all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if these are carried out according to the spirit.

Claims (11)

Interrupteur électrique moyenne tension du genre incluant une chambre d'extinction d'arc de forme sensiblement cylindrique et obturée par deux fonds fixes, ladite chambre renfermant un contact d'arc fixe solidaire de l'un des fonds précités et relié électriquement à un premier conducteur d'amenée du courant et un contact d'arc mobile monté à coulissement longitudinal à travers l'autre des deux fonds, ledit contact mobile étant relié électriquement à un second conducteur d'amenée du courant et étant mu par un mécanisme de commande assurant la fermeture et la séparation desdits contacts d'arc, la pression des contacts en position de fermeture étant maintenue par un ressort agissant sur le contact mobile,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un mécanisme à accumulation d'énergie (A) comprenant un entraîneur (4) en forme général de cadre, monté à coulissement dans un premier support fixe (6) et logeant la chambre précitée (5), ledit entraîneur (4) étant en appui, par sa partie supérieure (4a), sur l'une (3a) des extrémités du ressort précité (3) dont l'autre extrémité (3b) est en appui sur le support précité (6), la partie inférieure (4b) de l'entraîneur coopèrant avec le mécanisme de commande (C) du contact d'arc mobile (2) de manière à assurer lors d'une manoeuvre de fermeture successivement, la fermeture des contacts d'arc (1, 2) puis une compression du ressort (3), ledit ressort (3) agissant alors sur le contact mobile (2) pour réaliser la pression des contacts d'arc (1, 2), l'énergie accumulée lors de la compression du ressort (3) permettant d'assurer la séparation rapide des contacts d'arc (1, 2) lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture desdits contacts.Medium voltage electric switch of the kind including an arc extinguishing chamber of substantially cylindrical shape and closed by two fixed bases, said chamber enclosing a fixed arcing contact secured to one of the abovementioned bases and electrically connected to a first conductor current supply and a movable arcing contact mounted to slide longitudinally through the other of the two bottoms, said movable contact being electrically connected to a second current supply conductor and being moved by a control mechanism ensuring the closing and separation of said arcing contacts, the pressure of the contacts in the closed position being maintained by a spring acting on the movable contact,
characterized in that it comprises an energy accumulation mechanism (A) comprising a driver (4) in the general form of a frame, slidably mounted in a first fixed support (6) and housing the aforementioned chamber (5), said coach (4) being supported, by its upper part (4a), on one (3a) of the ends of the aforementioned spring (3) whose other end (3b) is supported on the aforementioned support (6), the lower part (4b) of the driver cooperating with the control mechanism (C) of the movable arcing contact (2) so as to ensure, during a closing operation successively, the closing of the arcing contacts (1 , 2) then compression of the spring (3), said spring (3) then acting on the movable contact (2) to produce the pressure of the arcing contacts (1, 2), the energy accumulated during compression of the spring (3) enabling rapid separation of the arcing contacts (1, 2) during an opening operation of said contacts. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de commande (C) est relié au contact mobile (2) par l'intermédiaire d'un système à passage de point mort (S) coopérant avec la partie inférieure (4b) de l'entraîneur.Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the control mechanism (C) is connected to the movable contact (2) by means of a neutral passage system (S) cooperating with the lower part (4b) of the coach. Interrupteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre une butée (33) destinée à limiter la course en translation de l'entraîneur (4) lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture des contacts d'arc.Switch according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a stop (33) intended to limit the translational travel of the driver (4) during an opening operation of the arcing contacts. Interrupteur selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le système à passage de point mort (S) comporte au moins une genouillère (7) reliée de manière articulée à une bielle d'entraînement (11) du mécanisme de commande (C), ladite genouillère (7) se trouvant au voisinage du point mort en position de fermeture des contacts d'arc (1, 2) et coopérant par sa partie inférieure avec la partie inférieure (4b) de l'entraîneur (4).Switch according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the neutral passage system (S) comprises at least one toggle joint (7) hingedly connected to a drive rod (11) of the control mechanism (C) , said toggle joint (7) being in the vicinity of the dead center in the closed position of the arcing contacts (1, 2) and cooperating through its lower part with the lower part (4b) of the driver (4). Interrupteur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le système à passage de point mort (S) comporte deux genouillères (7, 8) situées de part et d'autre de l'entraîneur (4) et reliées par un élément de liaison en appui sur la partie inférieure (4b) de l'entraîneur (4).Switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the neutral passage system (S) comprises two toggles (7, 8) located on either side of the driver (4) and connected by a connecting element in support on the lower part (4b) of the coach (4). Interrupteur selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la ou les genouillères précitée(s) (7, 8) est (sont) constituée(s) chacune par deux bielles (9, 10) reliées de manière articulée par l'une de leurs extrémités entre elles, lesdites bielles (9, 10) étant reliées de manière articulée par leur autre extrémité respectivement, au contact mobile (2) et à une bielle de guidage (12), articulée sur un second support fixe (13).Switch according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the aforementioned knee switch (s) (7, 8) is (are) each constituted by two connecting rods (9, 10) connected in an articulated manner by one their ends between them, said connecting rods (9, 10) being connected in an articulated manner by their other end respectively, to the movable contact (2) and to a guide rod (12), articulated on a second fixed support (13). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la (ou les) genouillères(s) (7, 8) est (sont) constituée(s) chacune par une manivelle double (14) articulée sur le contact d'arc mobile et comprenant deux manivelles simples (15, 16) respectivement reliées de manière articulée à la bielle d'entraînement (11) et à une bielle de liaison (17) reliée de manière articulée à une bielle de guidage (12), laquelle est articulée sur un second support fixe (13).Switch according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the toggle (s) (7, 8) is (are) each constituted by a double crank (14) articulated on the contact movable arc and comprising two simple cranks (15, 16) respectively connected in an articulated manner to the drive rod (11) and to a connecting rod (17) connected in an articulated manner to a guide rod (12), which is articulated on a second fixed support (13). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le système à passage de point mort (S) comporte au moins une came (18) reliée de manière articulée à une bielle d'entraînement (11) du mécanisme de commande (C) et comportant une rainure arquée (18a) dans laquelle coulisse un ergot (18b) solidaire du contact mobile (2), ladite came (18) étant reliée de manière articulée à une bielle de guidage (12) articulée sur un second support fixe (13) et coopérant avec la partie inférieure (4b) de l'entraîneur (4).Switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the neutral passage system (S) comprises at least one cam (18) connected in an articulated manner to a driving rod (11) of the control (C) and comprising an arcuate groove (18a) in which slides a lug (18b) integral with the movable contact (2), said cam (18) being hingedly connected to a guide rod (12) articulated on a second fixed support (13) and cooperating with the lower part (4b) of the driver (4). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les premier et second supports (6, 13) sont respectivement reliés électriquement aux premier et second conducteurs d'amenée de courant (20, 21).Switch according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the first and second supports (6, 13) are respectively electrically connected to the first and second current supply conductors (20, 21). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le ressort précité (3) est monté autour de la tige (22) d'une vis (23) traversant la partie supérieure (4a) de l'entraîneur (4) et le premier support fixe (6) pour se visser dans le contact d'arc fixe (1).Switch according to any one of Claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the aforementioned spring (3) is mounted around the rod (22) of a screw (23) passing through the upper part (4a) of the driver ( 4) and the first fixed support (6) for screwing into the fixed arcing contact (1). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'en fin d'ouverture le contact mobile (2) vient en appui sur une butée (34) formée sur l'entraîneur (4) de manière que l'énergie de choc engendrée par le déplacement du contact mobile (2) soit absorbée par le ressort (3).Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the end of opening the movable contact (2) comes to bear on a stop (34) formed on the driver (4) so that the energy of shock generated by the movement of the movable contact (2) is absorbed by the spring (3).
EP19950410095 1994-09-29 1995-09-05 Middle voltage interruptor or circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0704872B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9411775A FR2725303B1 (en) 1994-09-29 1994-09-29 MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCH OR CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR9411775 1994-09-29

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EP0704872A1 true EP0704872A1 (en) 1996-04-03
EP0704872B1 EP0704872B1 (en) 2000-05-10

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EP19950410095 Expired - Lifetime EP0704872B1 (en) 1994-09-29 1995-09-05 Middle voltage interruptor or circuit breaker

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EP (1) EP0704872B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1062378C (en)
DE (1) DE69516790T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2147827T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2725303B1 (en)

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CN110544597A (en) * 2019-09-30 2019-12-06 山东泰开高压开关有限公司 auxiliary arc extinguishing device for 800kV external grounding switch and use method

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CN110544597A (en) * 2019-09-30 2019-12-06 山东泰开高压开关有限公司 auxiliary arc extinguishing device for 800kV external grounding switch and use method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0704872B1 (en) 2000-05-10
CN1125353A (en) 1996-06-26
CN1062378C (en) 2001-02-21
DE69516790T2 (en) 2000-11-16
ES2147827T3 (en) 2000-10-01
FR2725303A1 (en) 1996-04-05
FR2725303B1 (en) 1996-10-31
DE69516790D1 (en) 2000-06-15

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