EP0704229A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour la décharge à impulsion d'un fluide, particulièrement d'un agent extincteur de feu - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif pour la décharge à impulsion d'un fluide, particulièrement d'un agent extincteur de feu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0704229A2 EP0704229A2 EP95250235A EP95250235A EP0704229A2 EP 0704229 A2 EP0704229 A2 EP 0704229A2 EP 95250235 A EP95250235 A EP 95250235A EP 95250235 A EP95250235 A EP 95250235A EP 0704229 A2 EP0704229 A2 EP 0704229A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- pressure
- discharge
- shut
- extinguishing agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/023—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance the extinguishing material being expelled by compressed gas, taken from storage tanks, or by generating a pressure gas
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the pulsed discharge of a liquid, in particular a fire extinguishing agent, from the front opening of a discharge pipe or hose by applying high pressure to the liquid so that the liquid is divided into a mist consisting of liquid droplets, followed by the discharge interrupted to rebuild a discharge pressure, and also to a device for the pulsed discharge of a liquid.
- a liquid in particular a fire extinguishing agent
- the surface of the extinguishing agent has already been increased by atomization, in which the extinguishing water was discharged at pressures of 30 bar to 250 bar. This resulted in a rapid evaporation of the liquid extinguishing agent and thereby a reduction in the oxygen content in the fire area below the critical 15%, so that the fire was suffocated.
- a risk when applying larger quantities of extinguishing water from 100 l / min to 200 l / min with high atomizing pressure is that there can be steam explosions from the source of the fire, which can cause scalding to the person performing the extinguishing.
- the atomizing pressures have already been increased to values of up to 250 bar, but the amount of water to be discharged has been reduced to 15 l / min to 30 l / min (DE-PS 38 25 078). This avoids the risk of steam explosions, and small and medium-sized fires can be effectively extinguished without damage to the extinguishing water.
- the throwing distance of the devices used is, however, small, so that there are difficulties in transporting the extinguishing agent into the area of the fire, particularly in the case of highly emitting embers.
- the pressure acting in the process is of the order of 25 bar, and there is a throwing distance of approximately 5 m with an extinguishing effect of up to approximately 2.5 m.
- the valve is closed again in order to convey a new amount of extinguishing agent into the area to be pressurized and to build up a new pressure cushion, whereupon the valve is opened again and the amount of extinguishing agent is discharged with atomization.
- this known method requires a relatively large amount of equipment, since the extinguishing agent must be supplied to the discharge area via a line connected to the extinguishing agent supply, while a connection to the compressed air source is established via another line, the compressed air source also being in the form of a conventional breathing air bottle Use limited to about 12 liquid discharges, since the compressed air supply is then applied.
- the known method has the fundamental disadvantage that, with the compressed air used, each time extinguishing liquid is discharged, additional air and thus additional oxygen reach the area of the fire, which can lead to a new partial ignition of the fire.
- a method of the type mentioned at the outset is designed in such a way that the discharge pressure is generated by the delivery pressure of the liquid, the liquid acting on at least one pressure accumulator and prestressing it to build up the discharge pressure.
- a pressure accumulator for example in the form of a known membrane or bladder accumulator, is preloaded, so that the pressure built up, which can be of the order of 20 bar to 500 bar, preferably between 40 bar, in particular 100 bar and 300 bar , upon release acts directly on the quantity of liquid to be discharged and throws it out of the front opening of the discharge pipe or hose, the shape of the spray jet being able to be influenced by the choice of the size and shape of the discharge opening.
- delivery rates of 20 to 130 l / min with a discharge range of between 10 m and 20 m and an extinguishing effect of between 5 m and 10 m can be achieved with liquid quantities of 0.3 l to 5 l which are discharged in a pulsed manner Discharge the feed rate per unit of time is particularly high.
- the discharge of the liquid is independent of a separate pressure medium supply, since the discharge pressure is built up by the delivery pressure of the liquid.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for discharging extinguishing liquid.
- it can also be used instead of known water cannons against violent demonstrators or the like. are used, wherein it is particularly advantageous that the discharge of small amounts of liquid per pulse of the equipment is so low that portable discharge tubes or hoses can be used by a person, and that suitable irritants can be added to the liquid, which as a result of the Discharge taking place in liquid droplets become particularly effective.
- the invention further relates to a device for the pulsed discharge of a liquid, in particular a fire extinguishing agent, with a discharge pipe or hose which has a front opening and which can be connected to a liquid source is, and with a device for generating pressure for discharging a liquid quantity from the front opening under high pressure, so that the liquid quantity is distributed into a mist consisting of liquid droplets, and is characterized in that a high pressure pump between the liquid source and the front opening and between This and the opening are provided with a shut-off element which is adjustable between an open discharge position and a substantially closed shut-off position, and that at least one pressure accumulator to be charged with liquid is provided between the high-pressure pump and the shut-off element.
- the opening preferably forms a nozzle opening which forms the spray jet and, in a special embodiment for adapting to the particular application, its cross-sectional dimension and its shape can be changed or can be formed by interchangeable insert pieces.
- the shut-off valve advantageously allows a small amount of liquid to pass through in the blocking position, so as to reduce the risk of the fire-extinguishing agent freezing. If the remaining passage opening has a small cross section, it does not impair the build-up of a sufficient discharge pressure.
- a manually operated shut-off valve can be used as a blocking element.
- the at least one pressure accumulator is formed by a membrane or bladder accumulator.
- a membrane or bladder accumulator Such stores essentially consist of a steel container in which a normally pre-stressed nitrogen-containing partial space is sealed off from the container opening by a membrane or a bubble. This nitrogen is compressed beyond its pretension by pressure loading at the container opening, so that there is a storage of the applied Pressure results and with sudden relief of the container opening a sudden expansion of the nitrogen and thus a pressure transfer takes place.
- the device according to the invention can have a portable lance or pistol, which forms the discharge tube and on which the manual actuation is provided for activating the locking element.
- a portable lance or pistol which forms the discharge tube and on which the manual actuation is provided for activating the locking element.
- several pressure accumulators can be available to achieve larger throwing distances is available for dispensing a quantity of liquid.
- the device according to FIG. 1 contains a high pressure pump 2 which is connected to a liquid source 1.
- a liquid source 1 This can be a large liquid container, but it can also be a water supply line, for example.
- the high-pressure pump 2 is followed by a safety valve 3, which causes a return of pumped liquid through the line 4 when a predetermined pressure is reached.
- the outlet of the high-pressure pump 2 is connected to a hose 8, which is wound onto a hose drum 5 and the beginning of which ends in the swivel 6
- Hose reel 5 leads through which the connection to the high pressure pump 2 is established.
- the hose reel 5 can be rotated by means of a hand crank 7.
- the outer end of the hose 8 is connected to a T-piece 9, of which on the one hand a connecting hose 11 whose cross section is significantly larger than that of the hose 8 extends via a manually operated shut-off valve 13 to a lance 12 and on the other hand a pressure accumulator 10 is connected, which can be a membrane or bladder accumulator.
- the high-pressure pump 2 which can be driven, for example, electrically or by means of an internal combustion engine, is activated, it pumps liquid from the liquid source 1 into the hose 8 and the connecting hose 10, a pressure building up in this, which is caused by the delivery pressure of the high-pressure pump 3 is determined and can be, for example, 250 bar. This pressure also results in a pressure storage in the pressure accumulator 10 as a result of the compression of prestressed nitrogen present there, which is sealed off from the liquid. Once the desired liquid pressure has been built up, as mentioned above, liquid can be returned via line 4.
- the shut-off valve 3 is opened by hand and so this amount of liquid due to the pressure built up in the pressure accumulator 10 through the lance 12 and its front opening 14 thrown out within a very short time, about 0.25 sec.
- the liquid is distributed, among other things, by the air resistance into a mist of liquid droplets, and the droplet size and the jet shape also depend on the shape of the outlet opening 14, which for example have a diameter of 7 mm and are designed in this way may be that a widening spray is created.
- the shut-off valve 13 is closed, and the delivery pressure not only brings about a further delivery of liquid into the connecting hose 11 and the pressure accumulator 10, but also the renewed build-up of a discharge pressure.
- the hose 8 can have a relatively small clear width because the amount of liquid to be delivered per unit of time is low and the delivery pressure is high.
- the predetermined discharge pressure has built up again after a period of about 1 to 2 seconds, so that a new quantity of liquid can be discharged.
- a throw of the spray jet of approximately 10 m and an extinguishing effect of up to approximately 5 m are achieved at an opening 14 with the specified dimensions and the other sizes.
- the device according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 essentially in that pressure accumulator 10a of the same design is attached to the hose 8 'via cross pieces 9a, 9b, 9c connected to one another and a T-piece 9' connected to the cross piece 9c , 10b, 10c, 10 'connected.
- These pressure accumulators connected in parallel in this way can be, for example, membrane or bladder accumulators.
- the T-piece 9 ' is connected via a connecting line 11' and the cross pieces 9a, 9b, 9c are connected via connecting lines 11a, 11b, 11c to a receiving space 15 which is connected upstream of the manually operated shut-off valve 13 '.
- An exhaust pipe 12 ' connects to the shut-off valve 13'.
- Ejection pipe 12 ', shut-off valve 13' and receiving space 15 can be in the manner of a water cannon on a vehicle or the like. be mounted, on which, for example the pressure accumulator 10 ', 10a, 10b, 10c can be located. If the high-pressure pump is also arranged on this vehicle, the hose drum 5 'is expediently omitted, or one on the vehicle or the like. Mounted hose drum used to connect the inlet of the high pressure pump 2 'to the liquid source 1' by means of a hose.
- the liquid from the high-pressure pump 2 'delivering the liquid source 1' builds pressure via the hose 8 ', the cross pieces 9a, 9b, 9c and the T-piece 9' in the connecting lines 11a, 11b, 11c filled with liquid, 11 'including the receiving space 15 and also presses liquid into the pressure accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10', so that a discharge pressure is built up in the manner described in connection with FIG.
- the amount of the liquid to be discharged in a pulse is determined by the absorption capacities of the pressure accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10 'and can be, for example, 4 liters.
- the discharge pressure can be around 150 bar.
- the discharge pressure causes the amount of liquid to be pressed out through the discharge pipe 12' and out of its front opening 14 ', whereby the liquid is sprayed into a droplet of liquid, the shape of which, among other things. is determined by the shape of the opening 14 '. If the opening 14 'has a diameter of approximately 15 mm, a throwing distance of approximately 20 m and an extinguishing effect of approximately 10 m can be achieved at a pressure of approximately 150 bar with a liquid quantity of 4 liters.
- the high-pressure pump 2' delivers liquid and, in the manner described, in turn builds up a discharge pressure for discharging a further quantity of liquid, for example 4 liters. This pressure build-up takes about 1 to 2 seconds, so the device afterwards is ready to dispense another quantity of liquid.
- shut-off valve 13 in the device according to FIG. 1 or the shut-off valve 13 'in the device according to FIG. 2 can also be automatically repeated, so that immediately after, for example, Reconstruction of the discharge pressure, which takes seconds, automatically discharges a further quantity of liquid.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4436135A DE4436135A1 (de) | 1994-09-28 | 1994-09-28 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum impulsförmigen Austragen einer Flüssigkeit, insbesondere eines Feuerlöschmittels |
DE4436135 | 1994-09-28 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0704229A2 true EP0704229A2 (fr) | 1996-04-03 |
EP0704229A3 EP0704229A3 (fr) | 1997-02-05 |
EP0704229B1 EP0704229B1 (fr) | 2001-11-21 |
Family
ID=6530372
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95250235A Expired - Lifetime EP0704229B1 (fr) | 1994-09-28 | 1995-09-27 | Procédé et dispositif pour la décharge à impulsion d'un fluide, particulièrement d'un agent extincteur de feu |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0704229B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE209057T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4436135A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19627353C1 (de) * | 1996-06-27 | 1997-10-23 | Feuerschutz G Knopf Gmbh | Verfahren zur dynamischen Löschmittelanwendung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3825078A1 (de) | 1988-07-23 | 1990-01-25 | Hardt Hans Joachim | Feuerloeschvorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4512955A (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1985-04-23 | Kenji Etani | Apparatus for water treatment |
US4182354A (en) * | 1978-05-02 | 1980-01-08 | U.S. ParaPlate Corporation | Method and apparatus for flow diversion in a high pressure fluid delivery system |
-
1994
- 1994-09-28 DE DE4436135A patent/DE4436135A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-09-27 EP EP95250235A patent/EP0704229B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-27 AT AT95250235T patent/ATE209057T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-09-27 DE DE59509863T patent/DE59509863D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3825078A1 (de) | 1988-07-23 | 1990-01-25 | Hardt Hans Joachim | Feuerloeschvorrichtung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE209057T1 (de) | 2001-12-15 |
DE4436135A1 (de) | 1996-04-04 |
EP0704229A3 (fr) | 1997-02-05 |
DE59509863D1 (de) | 2002-01-03 |
EP0704229B1 (fr) | 2001-11-21 |
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