EP0700062A1 - High-voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents
High-voltage circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0700062A1 EP0700062A1 EP95113815A EP95113815A EP0700062A1 EP 0700062 A1 EP0700062 A1 EP 0700062A1 EP 95113815 A EP95113815 A EP 95113815A EP 95113815 A EP95113815 A EP 95113815A EP 0700062 A1 EP0700062 A1 EP 0700062A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- end portion
- circuit breaker
- casing
- contact fingers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
- H01H1/38—Plug-and-socket contacts
- H01H1/385—Contact arrangements for high voltage gas blast circuit breakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the precharacterising part of claim 1.
- the invention is primarily intended for circuit breakers with rated operating voltages of the order of magnitude of 100-300 kV, but it may be used to advantage also in circuit breakers for voltages both above and below this range, for example in medium voltage circuit breakers.
- Circuit breakers of the above-mentioned kind are previously known, for example from EP-A-0 475 270. Such circuit breakers must be capable of carrying very high operating currents, for example 4000 A, and it is therefore important for the resistance across each breaker pole to be as low as possible.
- the stationary main contact of the circuit breaker is usually arranged at the free end portion of a hollow-cylindrical current path section which is fixed in the circuit breaker casing and which, for example, may consist of a copper tube.
- a known design of such a main contact consists of a plurality of separate contact pieces which together with associated contact springs are movably mounted around the end portion of the current path section. In such a design, there are two series-connected current transition points at each contact piece, which entails a relatively high total contact resistance.
- Another drawback in this design is that the mounting of the plurality of contact pieces is time-demanding and hence costly.
- US-A-3 839 613 shows a circuit breaker of the above-mentioned kind, which is provided with a tubular stationary main contact with contact fingers formed by slotting. Also in case of this contact, in view of its design and the material thickness thereof, it cannot be formed in a simple manner by pressing (bulging). In addition, it is provided, at the free end portion of the contact, with a field-equalizing shield which projects in the radial direction and thus causes a considerable increase of the diameter of the stationary contact assembly. In addition, in this design there may also be a risk that one or more of the contact fingers are bent too far inwards, by mechanical or electromagnetic influence, thus causing operational disturbances.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker of the above-mentioned kind which does not suffer from the above-mentioned disadvantages of comparable prior art breakers.
- the invention suggests a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the introductory part of claim 1, which is characterized by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1 or claim 2.
- a main contact according to the invention which consists of a large number of contact fingers which are integral with the tube.
- a larger number of parallel transition points is obtained than in the known contact arrangement with separately mounted contact pieces described above, since a tube with a given circumference may accommodate a larger number of the contact fingers integrated in the tube, since these contact fingers require less space in the lateral direction than separate contact pieces. This contributes to reduce the contact resistance.
- the circuit breaker shown in Figure 1 has been described in the above-mentioned patent specification EP-A-0 475 270 and is only an example of the type of circuit breaker in which the present invention may advantageously be used.
- the circuit breaker has a gas-tight casing 1 which comprises a stationary plug-shaped arcing contact 2 and an axially movable sleeve-shaped arcing contact 3.
- the movable contact 3 is connected to an operating device via a tubular contact rod 4 and an insulating operating rod (the latter not shown). With the aid of the operating device, the movable contact may be displaced between the closed position shown on the lefthand side in the figure and the open position shown on the righthand side in the figure.
- the movable contact 3 supports a hollow metal cylinder 5 which encloses a pressure-collecting space 6, the volume of which is constant, a compression space 7, and an electrically insulating blast nozzle 8 with an annular channel 9, which connects the pressure-collecting space 6 to the region where the arc is burning during an opening operation.
- the hollow cylinder 5 constitutes the movable main contact of the circuit breaker, which contact cooperates with a stationary main contact 10.
- the stationary contacts 2 and 10 of the circuit breaker are electrically and mechanically fixedly connected with each other, as are also the movable contacts 3 and 5.
- the contact rod 4 is pulled downward with the aid of the operating device, whereby the main contacts 5 and 10 are first separated.
- the current thereby commutates to the arcing contacts 2, 3 which upon their separation form an arc between them.
- the arc heats the gas in the arc region whereby the gas pressure increases which starts a gas flow through the channel 9 into the pressure-collecting space 6.
- the arc current follows the power frequency sine curve, and when the current approaches the zero crossing, the pressure in the arc region starts to decrease.
- the contact movement has now proceeded so far that the plug contact 2 has exposed the nozzle outlet, where the pressure is now lower than in the pressure-collecting space 6. This gives rise to a gas flow from the pressure-collecting space 6 through the channel 9 and the nozzle 8 to the surrounding expansion space 11.
- the arc is cooled by this flow and is extinguished during the zero-crossing of the current.
- FIG 2 shows an upper current path section 12, designed according to the invention, with the stationary main contact 10 for a circuit breaker of, for example, the design shown in Figure 1.
- the current path section 12 is shown separately in Figures 3a and 3b. It consists of a copper tube with a thickness of one or a few millimetres.
- the upper end portion of the tube consists of a flange 13, formed by pressing (bulging), for fixing the tube against the upper end flange (not shown) of the circuit breaker, which end flange at the same time constitutes one of the two connection terminals of the circuit breaker.
- the lower end portion of the tube is formed by pressing (bulging) and slotted such that a large number of contact fingers 14, integral with the tube, are formed.
- the lower end portion of the tube is surrounded by a tubular metal sleeve 15, fixed to the tube, with approximately the same diameter as the non-pressure-formed part of the copper tube 12.
- This sleeve has several different functions. Besides serving as a field-equalizing shield, it constitutes both holder and counter-support for spring elements 17, which are arranged between the metal sleeve 15 and the contact fingers 14.
- the metal sleeve 15 also prevents the contact fingers from being bent too far inwards by providing the free end portion of the sleeve with an inwardly flanged portion 16, which is made with a substantially circular contour and which surrounds the end portions of the contact fingers.
- the above-mentioned spring elements 17 may, for example, consist of a plurality of separate leaf springs of, for example, the embodiment shown in Figures 4a and 4b.
- these spring elements may consist of a ring 18 arranged around the contact fingers of, for example, the embodiment shown in Figure 5.
- This ring is formed from a resilient wire which is bent in a large number of meander-shaped loops and in such a way that the diameter of the ring decreases in an axial direction away from the mid-portion of the ring towards the ends.
- metal tube 12 with the integrated contact fingers 14 is made of a self-resilient material, for example beryllium copper, the metal sleeve 15 and the spring elements 17 may be omitted.
- Figure 6 shows an example of such a current path section with an integrated main contact of a self-resilient material.
Landscapes
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the precharacterising part of
claim 1. - The invention is primarily intended for circuit breakers with rated operating voltages of the order of magnitude of 100-300 kV, but it may be used to advantage also in circuit breakers for voltages both above and below this range, for example in medium voltage circuit breakers.
- Circuit breakers of the above-mentioned kind are previously known, for example from EP-A-0 475 270. Such circuit breakers must be capable of carrying very high operating currents, for example 4000 A, and it is therefore important for the resistance across each breaker pole to be as low as possible.
- In circuit breakers of this kind, the stationary main contact of the circuit breaker is usually arranged at the free end portion of a hollow-cylindrical current path section which is fixed in the circuit breaker casing and which, for example, may consist of a copper tube. A known design of such a main contact consists of a plurality of separate contact pieces which together with associated contact springs are movably mounted around the end portion of the current path section. In such a design, there are two series-connected current transition points at each contact piece, which entails a relatively high total contact resistance. Another drawback in this design is that the mounting of the plurality of contact pieces is time-demanding and hence costly.
- From DE-B-1 913 969, a circuit breaker of the above-mentioned kind is previously known, in which the stationary main contact consists of a plurality of contact fingers which are formed by slotting of one end portion of a hollow-cylindrical metal body. At each such contact finger, only one current transition point is obtained between the fixed and the movable current path section. However, it is not clear from the described designs how to obtain the necessary contact pressure or how to avoid local field concentrations at the free end surface of the metal body. In addition, in view of the design of the metal body and the thickness of the material thereof, it cannot in a simple manner be formed by pressing (bulging) but must be machined by metal-cutting tools, which is expensive.
- Also US-A-3 839 613 shows a circuit breaker of the above-mentioned kind, which is provided with a tubular stationary main contact with contact fingers formed by slotting. Also in case of this contact, in view of its design and the material thickness thereof, it cannot be formed in a simple manner by pressing (bulging). In addition, it is provided, at the free end portion of the contact, with a field-equalizing shield which projects in the radial direction and thus causes a considerable increase of the diameter of the stationary contact assembly. In addition, in this design there may also be a risk that one or more of the contact fingers are bent too far inwards, by mechanical or electromagnetic influence, thus causing operational disturbances.
- The main object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker of the above-mentioned kind which does not suffer from the above-mentioned disadvantages of comparable prior art breakers.
- To achieve this object the invention suggests a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the introductory part of
claim 1, which is characterized by the features of the characterizing part ofclaim 1 orclaim 2. - Further developments of the invention are characterized by the features of the additional claims.
- By pressure forming (bulging) and slotting of the end portion of the metal tube, a main contact according to the invention is provided which consists of a large number of contact fingers which are integral with the tube. With this embodiment, a larger number of parallel transition points is obtained than in the known contact arrangement with separately mounted contact pieces described above, since a tube with a given circumference may accommodate a larger number of the contact fingers integrated in the tube, since these contact fingers require less space in the lateral direction than separate contact pieces. This contributes to reduce the contact resistance.
- By way of example, the invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing in
- Figure 1
- in an axial section the central part of a prior art high-voltage circuit breaker, in which the invention may be used,
- Figure 2
- in an axial section a first embodiment of a section of a current path, designed according to the invention, with the stationary main contact for a circuit breaker of, for example, the type shown in Figure 1,
- Figures 3a and 3b
- separately the central part of the current path section in axial section and an end view, respectively,
- Figures 4a and 4b
- in plane view and in side view, respectively, a first embodiment of an auxiliary spring intended for the main contact according to Figure 2,
- Figure 5
- in perspective view a second embodiment of an auxiliary spring intended for the main contact according to Figure 2,
- Figure 6
- in an axial section a second embodiment of a current path section with the stationary main contact for a circuit breaker according to the invention.
- The circuit breaker shown in Figure 1 has been described in the above-mentioned patent specification EP-A-0 475 270 and is only an example of the type of circuit breaker in which the present invention may advantageously be used. The circuit breaker has a gas-
tight casing 1 which comprises a stationary plug-shaped arcing contact 2 and an axially movable sleeve-shaped arcing contact 3. Themovable contact 3 is connected to an operating device via atubular contact rod 4 and an insulating operating rod (the latter not shown). With the aid of the operating device, the movable contact may be displaced between the closed position shown on the lefthand side in the figure and the open position shown on the righthand side in the figure. - The
movable contact 3 supports ahollow metal cylinder 5 which encloses a pressure-collectingspace 6, the volume of which is constant, acompression space 7, and an electrically insulatingblast nozzle 8 with anannular channel 9, which connects the pressure-collectingspace 6 to the region where the arc is burning during an opening operation. Thehollow cylinder 5 constitutes the movable main contact of the circuit breaker, which contact cooperates with a stationarymain contact 10. Thestationary contacts movable contacts - During a breaking operation, the
contact rod 4 is pulled downward with the aid of the operating device, whereby themain contacts contacts channel 9 into the pressure-collectingspace 6. As a result of this flow, the pressure in the pressure-collecting 6 space increases. The arc current follows the power frequency sine curve, and when the current approaches the zero crossing, the pressure in the arc region starts to decrease. The contact movement has now proceeded so far that theplug contact 2 has exposed the nozzle outlet, where the pressure is now lower than in the pressure-collectingspace 6. This gives rise to a gas flow from the pressure-collectingspace 6 through thechannel 9 and thenozzle 8 to the surroundingexpansion space 11. The arc is cooled by this flow and is extinguished during the zero-crossing of the current. - Figure 2 shows an upper
current path section 12, designed according to the invention, with the stationarymain contact 10 for a circuit breaker of, for example, the design shown in Figure 1. Thecurrent path section 12 is shown separately in Figures 3a and 3b. It consists of a copper tube with a thickness of one or a few millimetres. The upper end portion of the tube consists of aflange 13, formed by pressing (bulging), for fixing the tube against the upper end flange (not shown) of the circuit breaker, which end flange at the same time constitutes one of the two connection terminals of the circuit breaker. The lower end portion of the tube is formed by pressing (bulging) and slotted such that a large number ofcontact fingers 14, integral with the tube, are formed. As will be clear from Figure 2, the lower end portion of the tube is surrounded by atubular metal sleeve 15, fixed to the tube, with approximately the same diameter as the non-pressure-formed part of thecopper tube 12. This sleeve has several different functions. Besides serving as a field-equalizing shield, it constitutes both holder and counter-support forspring elements 17, which are arranged between themetal sleeve 15 and thecontact fingers 14. Themetal sleeve 15 also prevents the contact fingers from being bent too far inwards by providing the free end portion of the sleeve with an inwardly flangedportion 16, which is made with a substantially circular contour and which surrounds the end portions of the contact fingers. - The above-mentioned
spring elements 17 may, for example, consist of a plurality of separate leaf springs of, for example, the embodiment shown in Figures 4a and 4b. Alternatively, these spring elements may consist of aring 18 arranged around the contact fingers of, for example, the embodiment shown in Figure 5. This ring is formed from a resilient wire which is bent in a large number of meander-shaped loops and in such a way that the diameter of the ring decreases in an axial direction away from the mid-portion of the ring towards the ends. - If the
metal tube 12 with theintegrated contact fingers 14 is made of a self-resilient material, for example beryllium copper, themetal sleeve 15 and thespring elements 17 may be omitted. Figure 6 shows an example of such a current path section with an integrated main contact of a self-resilient material. - The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown, but several modifications are possible within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (7)
- A high-voltage circuit breaker comprising an elongated casing (1) filled with a gaseous arc-extinguishing medium, said casing comprising two cooperating arcing contacts (2, 3), one of which (2) is stationary whereas the other (3) is adapted to be displaced axially in the casing with the aid of an operating device between a closed and an open position, and two cooperating main contacts (10, 5), which during an opening operation separate earlier than the arcing contacts, one of the main contacts (10) consisting of one end portion of a first metal tube (12) which is secured to the casing and which surrounds the stationary arcing contact, whereas the other main contact (5) consists of one end portion of a second metal tube arranged around the movable arcing contact and fixed to said contact, characterized in that the end portion of said first metal tube (12) is formed by pressing (bulging) and slotted to form a plurality of contact fingers (14) integral with the tube (12), said end portion being surrounded by a tubular metal sleeve (15) serving as a field-equalizing shield, the free end portion of which has an inwardly-flanged portion (16) made with a substantially circular contour and surrounding the end portions of the contact fingers (14), thus limiting the inwards bending of the contact fingers.
- A high-voltage circuit breaker comprising an elongated casing (1) filled with a gaseous arc-extinguishing medium, said casing comprising two cooperating arcing contacts (2, 3), one of which (2) is stationary whereas the other (3) is adapted to be displaced axially in the casing with the aid of an operating device between a closed and an open position, and two cooperating main contacts (10, 5), which during an opening operation separate earlier than the arcing contacts, one of the main contacts (10) consisting of one end portion of a first metal tube (12) which is secured to the casing and which surrounds the stationary arcing contact, whereas the other main contact (5) consists of one end portion of a second metal tube arranged around the movable arcing contact and fixed to said contact, characterized in that said first metal tube (12) is made of a self-resilient material and that said end portion thereof is formed by pressing (bulging) and slotted to form a plurality of contact fingers (14) integral with the tube (12), the free end portions of said contact fingers forming an inwardly-flanged collar with a substantially U-shaped contour serving as a contact and a field-equalizing shield.
- A circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that between the metal sleeve (15) and the contact fingers (14), spring elements (17) are arranged for reinforcing the contact pressure.
- A circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the metal sleeve (15) has at least approximately the same diameter as the non-pressure-formed part of said first metal tube (12).
- A circuit breaker according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that said spring elements (17) consist of a plurality of separate leaf springs.
- A circuit breaker according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that said spring elements (17) consist of a ring (18) arranged around the contact fingers (14), said ring being formed from a resilient wire which is bent in a large number of meander-shaped loops and in such a way that the diameter of the ring decreases in the axial direction from the mid-portion of the ring towards the ends.
- A circuit breaker according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first metal tube (12) consists of a tube of copper or copper alloy.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9402970 | 1994-09-05 | ||
SE9402970A SE9402970L (en) | 1994-09-05 | 1994-09-05 | High Voltage Circuit Breakers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0700062A1 true EP0700062A1 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
EP0700062B1 EP0700062B1 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
Family
ID=20395144
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19950113815 Expired - Lifetime EP0700062B1 (en) | 1994-09-05 | 1995-09-02 | High-voltage circuit breaker |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0700062B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69508680T2 (en) |
SE (1) | SE9402970L (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2758916A1 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-07-31 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | FIREPLACE HOOD |
FR2772976A1 (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-06-25 | Siemens Ag | HIGH-VOLTAGE GAS-INSULATED SWITCHING STATION WITH A CUT-OFF SECTION |
DE19757403A1 (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-07-01 | Siemens Ag | High-voltage (HV) switch contact tip lamination e.g. for HV engineering |
WO2006114214A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-02 | Abb Technology Ag | Load-break switch |
EP2797095A1 (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2014-10-29 | ABB Technology AG | Tulip contact for circuit breaker |
CN104319157A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-01-28 | 河南平高电气股份有限公司 | Isolating switch |
CN106024436A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-12 | 平高集团有限公司 | Shielding case, touch finger assembly using the same, and circuit breaker |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1790063A1 (en) * | 1968-09-04 | 1971-12-02 | Calor Emag Elektrozitaets Ag | Electrical contact arrangement |
US3839613A (en) * | 1972-06-12 | 1974-10-01 | Hitachi Ltd | Puffer type circuit breaker |
DE1913969B2 (en) * | 1969-03-14 | 1976-01-29 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER |
US4371765A (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1983-02-01 | Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Ltd. | Electrical switch for large currents |
DE4227007A1 (en) * | 1992-08-14 | 1994-02-17 | Dunkel Otto Gmbh | Annular contact socket outlet - has inwardly curved spring region formed by spring contacts held inside support sleeve |
-
1994
- 1994-09-05 SE SE9402970A patent/SE9402970L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1995
- 1995-09-02 DE DE1995608680 patent/DE69508680T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-02 EP EP19950113815 patent/EP0700062B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1790063A1 (en) * | 1968-09-04 | 1971-12-02 | Calor Emag Elektrozitaets Ag | Electrical contact arrangement |
DE1913969B2 (en) * | 1969-03-14 | 1976-01-29 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER |
US3839613A (en) * | 1972-06-12 | 1974-10-01 | Hitachi Ltd | Puffer type circuit breaker |
US4371765A (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1983-02-01 | Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Ltd. | Electrical switch for large currents |
DE4227007A1 (en) * | 1992-08-14 | 1994-02-17 | Dunkel Otto Gmbh | Annular contact socket outlet - has inwardly curved spring region formed by spring contacts held inside support sleeve |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2758916A1 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-07-31 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | FIREPLACE HOOD |
EP0856862A1 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-08-05 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Discharge preventing cap |
DE19757403A1 (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-07-01 | Siemens Ag | High-voltage (HV) switch contact tip lamination e.g. for HV engineering |
FR2772976A1 (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-06-25 | Siemens Ag | HIGH-VOLTAGE GAS-INSULATED SWITCHING STATION WITH A CUT-OFF SECTION |
WO2006114214A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-02 | Abb Technology Ag | Load-break switch |
US8232496B2 (en) | 2005-04-25 | 2012-07-31 | Abb Technology Ag | Switch disconnector |
CN101167149B (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2013-08-21 | Abb技术有限公司 | Load-break switch |
NO339874B1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2017-02-13 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Disconnector |
EP2797095A1 (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2014-10-29 | ABB Technology AG | Tulip contact for circuit breaker |
CN104319157A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-01-28 | 河南平高电气股份有限公司 | Isolating switch |
CN106024436A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-12 | 平高集团有限公司 | Shielding case, touch finger assembly using the same, and circuit breaker |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE9402970L (en) | 1996-03-06 |
DE69508680D1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
DE69508680T2 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
EP0700062B1 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
SE9402970D0 (en) | 1994-09-05 |
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