EP0692606A1 - Method for lining a tunnel - Google Patents

Method for lining a tunnel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0692606A1
EP0692606A1 EP95201867A EP95201867A EP0692606A1 EP 0692606 A1 EP0692606 A1 EP 0692606A1 EP 95201867 A EP95201867 A EP 95201867A EP 95201867 A EP95201867 A EP 95201867A EP 0692606 A1 EP0692606 A1 EP 0692606A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube elements
excavation
covering
elements
final
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP95201867A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0692606B1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric Bernier
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Centre dEtude de lEnergie Nucleaire CEN
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Centre dEtude de lEnergie Nucleaire CEN
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/005Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of making a coated tunnel or a coated excavation, of circular section, according to which an excavation is dug using a suitable device and a covering is placed inside this excavation.
  • the invention relates in particular to the production of a coated microtunnel, that is to say a small diameter tunnel among other things in the case where human intervention is not possible.
  • coating elements are pushed one behind the other, from a starting chamber, behind a microtunnelier, thus ensuring its advancement.
  • the invention aims to remedy the above drawbacks and to provide a method for carrying out coated excavations in a simple manner in convergent soils located at great depth.
  • the laying of the covering comprises a stage during which tube elements cut along their length and folded back on themselves are introduced through the tube elements already in place up to the level of their location where they open by their own elasticity or are opened by an appropriate device.
  • the tube elements are held in the folded position by a appropriate device and are released at their final location.
  • the tube elements open or are open at their location into an open position in which a longitudinal opening remains, these tube elements in place can then close under the action of soil convergence.
  • the tube elements which are pushed can then be provided with a guide to guide them when they close under the action of the convergence of the ground.
  • the laying of the covering comprises a second step during which a final covering is put in place along the above-mentioned covering.
  • this final coating comprises elements which are pushed through the tube elements already in place.
  • the elements of the final coating can have a diameter equal, with the tolerances, to the inside diameter of the tube elements in the closed final position.
  • the final coating can be placed in the form of conventional tube elements which are welded together to form a waterproof coating.
  • the final coating or a part of it can be used to push the last tube elements to be installed through the tube elements already in place.
  • the figures relate to the realization of an excavation in the form of a horizontal microtunnel with a diameter between 0.5 and 1.5 m, from an already existing main gallery 16, in a clay soil 1, with large depth.
  • an excavation device that is to say a microtunnelier 2 is used consisting of three stations, that is to say an anchoring station 3, a pushing station 4 and a station excavation 5.
  • the microtunnelier 2 With the aid of the anchoring station 3, fitted with hydraulic jacks 6, the microtunnelier 2 is anchored in the ground 1.
  • the excavation station 5 composed of a drilling instrument with global attack is advanced, during digging, using the pushing station 4 also provided with hydraulic cylinders.
  • the anchoring station 3 When the hydraulic cylinders of the pushing station 4 are at the end of their travel, the anchoring station 3 is released and retracted towards the excavation station 5, using the hydraulic cylinders of the pushing station 4. The place necessary for the location of an element of an auxiliary covering 7 is thus released at the rear of the microtunnelier 2.
  • the above procedure is repeated, starting with a new anchoring of the microtunnelier 2.
  • the covering is placed in two stages, that is to say a first stage during which a first covering or auxiliary covering 7, intended to take up during the construction of the tunnel, the pressures of the ground 1 (of the order of 1 MPa), is put in place and a second stage during which a final coating 8, intended to take up the pressures of the soil 1 in the long term (of the order of 5 MPa), is put in place.
  • the auxiliary coating 7 is formed of tube elements 9, for example made of metal, of a thickness of between 5 and 10 mm, and therefore somewhat elastically deformable, which are sectioned over their entire length and folded back on themselves, as as shown in Figure 2.
  • tube elements 9 can be routed, one behind the other, in the folded position, to the level of their location by pushing them through the tube elements 9 already in place, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the tube elements 9 open by their own elasticity and return to their initial position, that is to say the position they had after their cutting, as shown in Figure 3, thus leaving a longitudinal opening 10.
  • Each element of tube 9 is provided on its outer face at the longitudinal section, with a guide 11 formed by a curved rim. The function of this guide is the subject of another paragraph.
  • the auxiliary covering 7 is laid as follows: a first tube element 9 is placed in the microtunnel; the following tube elements 9 are previously folded back on themselves and introduced one after the other, as shown in section in FIG. 2, from the main gallery 16, as the microtunnelier 2 excavates.
  • the tube elements 9 are thus pushed to the level of their location, using a pushing station 13, placed in the main gallery 16.
  • the tube elements 9 are made integral by suitable wedging devices.
  • the tube elements 9 open by elasticity, as shown in FIG. 3, leaving a longitudinal opening 10.
  • the above guide 11 limits the movement of the walls of the tube element 9.
  • each tube element 9 is such that one edge of the opening 10 is provided with a V-groove 14 and that the other edge of this same opening 10 has a corresponding end 15 in V, such that shown in detail in Figure 4.
  • This sealed final coating 8 is intended to take up the pressure exerted by the ground 1 in the long term.
  • This final coating 8 has an outside diameter equal, with tolerances, to the inside diameter of the auxiliary coating 7 with the tube elements 9 in their closed position.
  • the final covering 8 is introduced in the form of tube elements 12 which are pushed, one after the other, from the main gallery 16, using the pushing station 13. As they are introduction, the tube elements 12 are welded to ensure their tightness.
  • the final coating 8 can be used to push the last tube elements 9 to their location.
  • the microtunnel is produced as soon as all the tube elements 9 are at their location and all the tube elements 12 of the final covering 8 have been introduced.
  • the excavation does not necessarily have to be a horizontal microtunnel. It can be a tunnel, a gallery or any horizontal or inclined or even vertical excavation.
  • the microtunnelier 2 can, as the case may be, be replaced by another suitable excavation device.
  • the tunnel boring machine or other excavation device may as well rest on the tube elements 9 already in place.
  • the anchoring station 3 can be eliminated or replaced.
  • the tube elements 9 of the first coating instead of opening by their own elasticity at their final location, are opened mechanically, for example by jacks. These tube elements 9 are then in the stable state in their folded position.
  • tube elements 9 need not necessarily be made of metal. They can for example be made of synthetic material.
  • tube elements 12 of the final covering 8 need not necessarily be made of metal. They can for example be concrete.
  • this final coating 8 can in certain variants be omitted or replaced by the injection of concrete, for example outside around the tube elements 9 of the auxiliary coating 7 put in place.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The procedure consists of excavating a tunnel with an appropriate machine (2) and fitting a tubular lining (7,8) inside it, using a stage in which the tube members are sectioned lengthwise and folded so that they can be inserted through an existing section of lining and then deployed inside the next excavated portion of the tunnel. The tunnelling machine (2) operates independently of the lining operation, and it comprises an anchoring unit (3), a thrust unit (4) and an excavation section (5). The machine operates in a series of successive stages, comprising anchoring, pushing the excavating section forward, and drawing the anchoring unit behind it. The lining members are of two types (7, 8) - an outer lining of metal or a synthetic material (7), and an inner one of metal or concrete. The inner one can be omitted or formed by injecting concrete after the outer one has been positioned. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation d'un tunnel revêtu ou d'une excavation revêtue, de section circulaire, selon lequel une excavation est creusée à l'aide d'un dispositif approprié et un revêtement est placé à l'intérieur de cette excavation.The invention relates to a method of making a coated tunnel or a coated excavation, of circular section, according to which an excavation is dug using a suitable device and a covering is placed inside this excavation.

L'invention concerne en particulier la réalisation d'un microtunnel revêtu, c'est-à-dire un tunnel de petit diamètre entre autre dans le cas où l'intervention humaine n'est pas possible.The invention relates in particular to the production of a coated microtunnel, that is to say a small diameter tunnel among other things in the case where human intervention is not possible.

Dans un procédé connu sous le nom de "pipe-jacking", des éléments de revêtement sont poussés les uns derrière les autres, à partir d'une chambre de départ, à l'arrière d'un microtunnelier, assurant ainsi son avancement.In a process known as "pipe-jacking", coating elements are pushed one behind the other, from a starting chamber, behind a microtunnelier, thus ensuring its advancement.

Si ce procédé est applicable dans certains sols stables, il est parfois impraticable dans d'autres sols qui se tassent ou convergent assez rapidement, tels que des sols argileux. Il est évident que, suite à la convergence, la friction du sol sur les sections du revêtement augmente, au fur et à mesure que le microtunnelier avance. Du fait de l'augmentation de cette friction, des forces de poussée toujours plus grandes sont nécessaires pour faire avancer le tunnelier et les éléments de revêtement déjà introduits ainsi que le microtunnelier. Ces forces peuvent devenir rapidement trop importantes, en particulier à grande profondeur, rendant la construction d'un tunnel d'une longueur supérieure à 30 m irréalisable par cette technique.If this process is applicable in certain stable soils, it is sometimes impractical in other soils which settle or converge fairly quickly, such as clay soils. It is obvious that, following convergence, the friction of the soil on the sections of the coating increases, as the microtunnelier advances. Due to the increase in this friction, ever greater thrust forces are required to advance the TBM and the lining elements already introduced as well as the microtunnel. These forces can quickly become too great, especially at great depths, making the construction of a tunnel longer than 30 m impracticable by this technique.

Un autre procédé, basé sur un dispositif qui maintient sous pression les parois de l'excavation pendant les opérations de creusement, est en cours de développement. L'excavation terminée, le dispositif est retiré et le revêtement final est placé par la méthode de "pipe-jacking". Cette technique, bien qu'originale, requiert une infrastructure lourde et onéreuse.Another process, based on a device which keeps the walls of the excavation under pressure during the digging operations, is under development. The excavation finished, the device is removed and the final covering is placed by the "pipe-jacking" method. This technique, although original, requires a heavy and expensive infrastructure.

L'invention a pour but de remédier aux inconvénients susdits et de procurer un procédé permettant la réalisation d'excavations revêtues d'une manière simple dans des sols convergents situés à grande profondeur.The invention aims to remedy the above drawbacks and to provide a method for carrying out coated excavations in a simple manner in convergent soils located at great depth.

Ce but est atteint par le fait que la pose du revêtement comprend une étape pendant laquelle des éléments de tube sectionnés sur leur longueur et repliés sur eux-mêmes sont introduits au travers des éléments de tube déjà en place jusqu'au niveau de leur emplacement où ils s'ouvrent par leur propre élasticité ou sont ouverts par un dispositif approprié.This object is achieved by the fact that the laying of the covering comprises a stage during which tube elements cut along their length and folded back on themselves are introduced through the tube elements already in place up to the level of their location where they open by their own elasticity or are opened by an appropriate device.

Les avantages obtenus grâce à cette invention consistent essentiellement en ce que les forces de frottement à l'interface revêtement-sol sont éliminées. En effet, le frottement a lieu entre la face intérieure des éléments de tube en place et la face extérieure des nouveaux éléments de tube introduits. La pression exercée par le sol n'influence donc plus les forces de frottement lors du poussage des tubes étant donné que celle-ci est reprise par les éléments de tube extérieurs déjà en place, durant la réalisation de l'excavation.The advantages obtained thanks to this invention essentially consist in that the friction forces at the coating-floor interface are eliminated. In fact, friction takes place between the inner face of the tube elements in place and the outer face of the new tube elements introduced. The pressure exerted by the ground therefore no longer influences the friction forces when pushing the tubes since it is taken up by the external tube elements already in place, during the excavation.

Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, les éléments de tube sont maintenus en position repliée par un dispositif approprié et sont libérés au niveau de leur emplacement final.In another embodiment of the invention, the tube elements are held in the folded position by a appropriate device and are released at their final location.

Dans encore une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, les éléments de tube s'ouvrent ou sont ouverts au niveau de leur emplacement jusque dans une position ouverte dans laquelle une ouverture longitudinale subsiste, ces éléments de tube en place pouvant ensuite se fermer sous l'action de la convergence du sol.In yet another embodiment of the invention, the tube elements open or are open at their location into an open position in which a longitudinal opening remains, these tube elements in place can then close under the action of soil convergence.

Les éléments de tube qui sont poussés peuvent alors être pourvus d'un guide pour les guider lorsqu'ils se ferment sous l'action de la convergence du sol.The tube elements which are pushed can then be provided with a guide to guide them when they close under the action of the convergence of the ground.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, la pose du revêtement comprend une deuxième étape au cours de laquelle un revêtement final est mis en place le long du revêtement susdit.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the laying of the covering comprises a second step during which a final covering is put in place along the above-mentioned covering.

De préférence, ce revêtement final comprend des éléments qui sont poussés au travers des éléments de tube déjà en place.Preferably, this final coating comprises elements which are pushed through the tube elements already in place.

Les éléments du revêtement final peuvent avoir un diamètre égal, aux tolérances près, au diamètre intérieur des éléments de tube en position finale fermée.The elements of the final coating can have a diameter equal, with the tolerances, to the inside diameter of the tube elements in the closed final position.

Le revêtement final peut être mis en place sous forme d'éléments de tube classiques qui sont soudés entre eux pour former un revêtement étanche.The final coating can be placed in the form of conventional tube elements which are welded together to form a waterproof coating.

Le revêtement final ou une partie de celui-ci peut être utilisé pour pousser les derniers éléments de tube à installer au travers des éléments de tube déjà en place.The final coating or a part of it can be used to push the last tube elements to be installed through the tube elements already in place.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description donnée ci-après d'un procédé pour réaliser une excavation revêtue, selon l'invention. Cette description n'est donnée qu'à titre d'exemple non-limitatif en se référant aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 montre en coupe un microtunnel en train d'être réalisé par le procédé selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 représente une coupe selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1;
  • la figure 3 représente une coupe selon la ligne III-III de la figure 1;
  • la figure 4 représente, sur une échelle agrandie, le détail indiqué par F4 à la figure 3,
  • la figure 5 représente une coupe selon la ligne V-V de la figure 1.
Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description given below of a method for producing a coated excavation, according to the invention. This description is given only by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 shows in section a microtunnel being produced by the method according to the invention;
  • 2 shows a section along the line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a section along line III-III of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 represents, on an enlarged scale, the detail indicated by F4 in FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 represents a section along the line VV of FIG. 1.

Les figures ont trait à la réalisation d'une excavation sous forme d'un microtunnel horizontal de diamètre compris entre 0,5 et 1,5 m, à partir d'une galerie principale déjà existante 16, dans un sol 1 argileux, à grande profondeur.The figures relate to the realization of an excavation in the form of a horizontal microtunnel with a diameter between 0.5 and 1.5 m, from an already existing main gallery 16, in a clay soil 1, with large depth.

Pour réaliser ce microtunnel, un dispositif d'excavation, c'est-à-dire un microtunnelier 2 est utilisé constitué de trois stations, c'est-à-dire une station d'ancrage 3, une station de poussage 4 et une station d'excavation 5.To make this microtunnel, an excavation device, that is to say a microtunnelier 2 is used consisting of three stations, that is to say an anchoring station 3, a pushing station 4 and a station excavation 5.

A l'aide de la station d'ancrage 3, munie de vérins hydrauliques 6, le microtunnelier 2 est ancré dans le sol 1. Ensuite, la station d'excavation 5 composée d'un instrument de forage à attaque globale est avancée, durant le creusement, à l'aide de la station de poussage 4 munie également de vérins hydrauliques. Lorsque les vérins hydrauliques de la station de poussage 4 sont en fin de course, la station d'ancrage 3 est libérée et rétractée vers la station d'excavation 5, à l'aide des vérins hydrauliques de la station de poussage 4. La place nécessaire à l'emplacement d'un élement d'un revêtement auxiliaire 7 est ainsi libérée à l'arrière du microtunnelier 2. La procédure susdite est répétée, en commençant par un nouvel ancrage du microtunnelier 2.With the aid of the anchoring station 3, fitted with hydraulic jacks 6, the microtunnelier 2 is anchored in the ground 1. Next, the excavation station 5 composed of a drilling instrument with global attack is advanced, during digging, using the pushing station 4 also provided with hydraulic cylinders. When the hydraulic cylinders of the pushing station 4 are at the end of their travel, the anchoring station 3 is released and retracted towards the excavation station 5, using the hydraulic cylinders of the pushing station 4. The place necessary for the location of an element of an auxiliary covering 7 is thus released at the rear of the microtunnelier 2. The above procedure is repeated, starting with a new anchoring of the microtunnelier 2.

A l'arrière du microtunnelier, le revêtement est placé en deux étapes, c'est-à-dire une premiere étape au cours de laquelle un premier revêtement ou revêtement auxiliaire 7, destiné à reprendre durant la réalisation du tunnel, les pressions du sol 1 (de l'ordre de 1 MPa), est mis en place et une deuxième étape au cours de laquelle un revêtement final 8, destiné à reprendre les pressions du sol 1 à long terme (de l'ordre de 5 MPa), est mis en place.At the rear of the microtunnel, the covering is placed in two stages, that is to say a first stage during which a first covering or auxiliary covering 7, intended to take up during the construction of the tunnel, the pressures of the ground 1 (of the order of 1 MPa), is put in place and a second stage during which a final coating 8, intended to take up the pressures of the soil 1 in the long term (of the order of 5 MPa), is put in place.

Le revêtement auxiliaire 7 est formé d'éléments de tube 9, par exemple en métal, d'une épaisseur comprise entre 5 et 10 mm, et donc quelque peu élastiquement déformable, qui sont sectionnés sur toute leur longueur et repliés sur eux mêmes, tel que représenté à la figure 2. Ces éléments de tube 9 peuvent être acheminés, les uns derrière les autres, en position repliée, jusqu'au niveau de leur emplacement en les poussant au travers des éléments de tube 9 déjà en place, tel que représenté à la figure 2. Au niveau de leur emplacement, les éléments de tube 9 s'ouvrent par leur propre élasticité et reprennent leur position initiale, c'est-à-dire la position qu'ils avaient après leur sectionnement, tel que représenté à la figure 3, laissant ainsi une ouverture longitudinale 10. Chaque élément de tube 9 est muni sur sa face extérieure au niveau de la section longitudinale, d'un guide 11 formé par un rebord courbé. La fonction de ce guide fait l'objet d'un autre paragraphe.The auxiliary coating 7 is formed of tube elements 9, for example made of metal, of a thickness of between 5 and 10 mm, and therefore somewhat elastically deformable, which are sectioned over their entire length and folded back on themselves, as as shown in Figure 2. These tube elements 9 can be routed, one behind the other, in the folded position, to the level of their location by pushing them through the tube elements 9 already in place, as shown in Figure 2. At their location, the tube elements 9 open by their own elasticity and return to their initial position, that is to say the position they had after their cutting, as shown in Figure 3, thus leaving a longitudinal opening 10. Each element of tube 9 is provided on its outer face at the longitudinal section, with a guide 11 formed by a curved rim. The function of this guide is the subject of another paragraph.

La pose du revêtement auxiliaire 7 est réalisée de la manière suivante: un premier élément de tube 9 est mis en place dans le microtunnel; les éléments de tube 9 suivants sont préalablement repliés sur eux-mêmes et introduits les uns après les autres, tel que représenté en coupe à la figure 2, à partir de la galerie principale 16, au fur et à mesure que le microtunnelier 2 excave.The auxiliary covering 7 is laid as follows: a first tube element 9 is placed in the microtunnel; the following tube elements 9 are previously folded back on themselves and introduced one after the other, as shown in section in FIG. 2, from the main gallery 16, as the microtunnelier 2 excavates.

Il est possible de maintenir les éléments de tube 9 en position repliée au cours de leur introduction, par un dispositif approprié, comme par exemple des lanières, ce dispositif permettant de libérer les éléments de tube au niveau de leur emplacement.It is possible to keep the tube elements 9 in the folded position during their introduction, by an appropriate device, such as for example straps, this device making it possible to release the tube elements at their location.

Les éléments de tube 9 sont ainsi poussés jusqu'au niveau de leur emplacement, à l'aide d'une station de poussage 13, placée dans la galerie principale 16.The tube elements 9 are thus pushed to the level of their location, using a pushing station 13, placed in the main gallery 16.

Les forces de frottement ne dépendent donc plus de la pression du sol 1, puisque celle-ci est reprise par les éléments de tube 9 durant le creusement du microtunnel.The friction forces therefore no longer depend on the pressure of the soil 1, since this is taken up by the tube elements 9 during the digging of the microtunnel.

Afin d'empêcher l'entraînement des éléments de tube 9 en place, lors du poussage des éléments de tube 9 repliés, les éléments de tube 9 sont rendus solidaires par des dispositifs de calage appropriés.In order to prevent the entrainment of the tube elements 9 in place, when the folded tube elements 9 are pushed, the tube elements 9 are made integral by suitable wedging devices.

Au niveau de leur emplacement, les éléments de tube 9 s'ouvrent par élasticité, tel que représenté à la figure 3, laissant une ouverture longitudinale 10. Le guide 11 susdit limite le mouvement des parois de l'élément de tube 9.At their location, the tube elements 9 open by elasticity, as shown in FIG. 3, leaving a longitudinal opening 10. The above guide 11 limits the movement of the walls of the tube element 9.

La section longitudinale de chaque élément de tube 9 est telle qu'un bord de l'ouverture 10 soit pourvu d'une rainure en V 14 et que l'autre bord de cette même ouverture 10 possède une extrémité correspondante 15 en V, tel que représenté en détail à la figure 4.The longitudinal section of each tube element 9 is such that one edge of the opening 10 is provided with a V-groove 14 and that the other edge of this same opening 10 has a corresponding end 15 in V, such that shown in detail in Figure 4.

Suite à la convergence du sol 1, l'ouverture 10 se referme. Le guide 11 et la rainure 14 jointe à l'extrémité 15 de l'élément de tube assurent une parfaite fermeture de cet élément de tube 9 lorsque le sol 1 argileux a convergé, tel que représenté à la figure 5.Following the convergence of the ground 1, the opening 10 closes. The guide 11 and the groove 14 joined to the end 15 of the tube element ensure perfect closure of this tube element 9 when the clay soil 1 has converged, as shown in FIG. 5.

Lorsque le dernier élément de tube 9 replié a été introduit dans le microtunnel, la mise en place du revêtement final 8 en métal débute. Ce revêtement final 8 étanche est destiné à reprendre la pression exercée par le sol 1 à long terme. Ce revêtement final 8 a un diamètre extérieur égal, aux tolérances près, au diamètre intérieur du revêtement auxiliaire 7 avec les éléments de tube 9 dans leur position fermée.When the last folded tube element 9 has been introduced into the microtunnel, the installation of the final metal coating 8 begins. This sealed final coating 8 is intended to take up the pressure exerted by the ground 1 in the long term. This final coating 8 has an outside diameter equal, with tolerances, to the inside diameter of the auxiliary coating 7 with the tube elements 9 in their closed position.

Le revêtement final 8 est introduit sous forme d'éléments de tube 12 qui sont poussés, les uns après les autres, à partir de la galerie principale 16, à l'aide de la station de poussage 13. Au fur et à mesure de leur introduction, les éléments de tube 12 sont soudés afin d'assurer leur étanchéité.The final covering 8 is introduced in the form of tube elements 12 which are pushed, one after the other, from the main gallery 16, using the pushing station 13. As they are introduction, the tube elements 12 are welded to ensure their tightness.

Le revêtement final 8 peut est utilisé pour pousser vers leur emplacement les derniers éléments de tube 9.The final coating 8 can be used to push the last tube elements 9 to their location.

Le microtunnel est réalisé dès que tous les éléments de tube 9 se trouvent à leur emplacement et que tous les éléments de tube 12 du revêtement final 8 ont été introduits.The microtunnel is produced as soon as all the tube elements 9 are at their location and all the tube elements 12 of the final covering 8 have been introduced.

Le procédé décrit ci-dessus permet, de manière simple et continue, de réaliser des tunnels dans des sols convergents à grande profondeur.The process described above makes it possible, in a simple and continuous manner, to make tunnels in converging soils at great depth.

Il est évident que de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées à l'exemple susdécrit, sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention telle que décrite dans les revendications ci-après.It is obvious that many modifications can be made to the above-described example, without however departing from the scope of the invention as described in the claims below.

En particulier, l'excavation ne doit pas nécessairement être un microtunnel horizontal. Elle peut être un tunnel, une galerie ou n'importe quelle excavation horizontale ou inclinée ou même verticale. Le microtunnelier 2 peut selon le cas être remplacé par un autre dispositif d'excavation approprié.In particular, the excavation does not necessarily have to be a horizontal microtunnel. It can be a tunnel, a gallery or any horizontal or inclined or even vertical excavation. The microtunnelier 2 can, as the case may be, be replaced by another suitable excavation device.

Au lieu de prendre appui sur le sol, le tunnelier ou autre dispositif d'excavation peut aussi bien prendre appui sur les éléments de tube 9 déjà mis en place. Ainsi la station d'ancrage 3 peut être éliminée ou remplacée.Instead of resting on the ground, the tunnel boring machine or other excavation device may as well rest on the tube elements 9 already in place. Thus the anchoring station 3 can be eliminated or replaced.

Dans une variante du procédé décrit, les éléments de tube 9 du premier revêtement, au lieu de s'ouvrir par leur propre élasticité au niveau de leur emplacement final, sont ouverts mécaniquement, par exemple par des vérins. Ces éléments de tube 9 sont alors à l'état stable dans leur position repliée.In a variant of the method described, the tube elements 9 of the first coating, instead of opening by their own elasticity at their final location, are opened mechanically, for example by jacks. These tube elements 9 are then in the stable state in their folded position.

Ces éléments de tube 9 ne doivent pas nécessairement être en métal. Ils peuvent par exemple être en matière synthétique.These tube elements 9 need not necessarily be made of metal. They can for example be made of synthetic material.

De même, les éléments de tube 12 du revêtement final 8 ne doivent pas nécessairement être en métal. Ils peuvent par exemple être en béton.Likewise, the tube elements 12 of the final covering 8 need not necessarily be made of metal. They can for example be concrete.

D'aileurs, ce revêtement final 8 peut dans certaines variantes être omis ou remplacé par l'injection de béton par exemple à l'extérieur autour des éléments de tube 9 du revêtement auxiliaire 7 mis en place.Moreover, this final coating 8 can in certain variants be omitted or replaced by the injection of concrete, for example outside around the tube elements 9 of the auxiliary coating 7 put in place.

Claims (13)

Procédé de réalisation d'un tunnel revêtu ou d'une excavation revêtue, selon lequel une excavation de section circulaire est creusée dans le sol à l'aide d'un dispositif approprié (2) et un revêtement (7-8) est placé à l'intérieur de cette excavation, caractérisé en ce que la pose du revêtement (7-8) comprend une étape pendant laquelle des éléments de tube (9) sectionnés sur leur longueur et repliés sur eux-mêmes sont introduits au travers des éléments de tube (9) déjà en place jusqu'au niveau de leur emplacement où ils s'ouvrent par leur propre élasticité ou sont ouverts par un dispositif approprié.Method for making a coated tunnel or a coated excavation, according to which an excavation of circular section is dug into the ground using an appropriate device (2) and a covering (7-8) is placed at the interior of this excavation, characterized in that the laying of the covering (7-8) comprises a step during which tube elements (9) sectioned along their length and folded back on themselves are introduced through tube elements (9) already in place up to the level of their location where they open by their own elasticity or are opened by an appropriate device. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de tube (9) sont poussés à l'aide d'une station de poussage (13).Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube elements (9) are pushed using a pushing station (13). Procédé selon l'une et l'autre des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispostif d'excavation (2) est avancé indépendamment de la mise en place du revêtement (7).Method according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the excavation device (2) is advanced independently of the positioning of the covering (7). Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'excavation est creusée à l'aide d'un tunnelier (2) comprenant une station d'ancrage (3), une station de poussage (4) et une station d'excavation (5) en répétant successivement les étapes suivantes: ancrage du tunnelier (2) dans le sol, poussage de la station d'excavation (5) durant le creusement et rétraction de la station d'ancrage (3) vers la station de poussage (4).Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the excavation is dug using a tunneling machine (2) comprising an anchoring station (3), a pushing station (4) and an excavation station ( 5) by successively repeating the following steps: anchoring the tunnel boring machine (2) in the ground, pushing the excavation station (5) during digging and retracting the anchoring station (3) towards the pushing station (4 ). Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de tube (9) sont maintenus en position repliée par un dispositif approprié et sont libérés au niveau de leur emplacement final.Method according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube elements (9) are kept in the folded position by a suitable device and are released at their final location. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de calage est prévu entre les éléments de tube (9) afin d'éviter leur entraînement lors de l'introduction d'un élément de tube (9) à travers ceux-ci.Method according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that a wedging device is provided between the tube elements (9) in order to avoid their entrainment during the introduction of a tube element ( 9) through these. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de tube (9) s'ouvrent ou sont ouverts au niveau de leur emplacement jusque dans une position ouverte dans laquelle une ouverture longitudinale (10) subsiste, ces éléments de tube (9) en place pouvant ensuite se fermer sous l'action de la convergence du sol.Method according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube elements (9) open or are open at their location into an open position in which a longitudinal opening (10) remains, these tube elements (9) in place which can then close under the action of the convergence of the ground. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de tube (9) qui sont poussés sont pourvus d'un guide (11) pour les guider lorsqu'ils se ferment sous l'action de la convergence du sol.Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the tube elements (9) which are pushed are provided with a guide (11) to guide them when they close under the action of the convergence of the ground. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pose du revêtement (7-8) comprend une deuxième étape au cours de laquelle un revêtement final (8) est mis en place le long du revêtement (7) susdit.Method according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the laying of the covering (7-8) comprises a second step during which a final covering (8) is placed along the covering (7 ) above. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement final (8) comprend des éléments (12) qui sont poussés au travers des éléments de tube (9) déjà en place.Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the final covering (8) comprises elements (12) which are pushed through the tube elements (9) already in place. Procédé selon la revendications 10, caractérisé en ce que des éléments (12) du revêtement final (8) sont introduits ayant un diamètre égal, aux tolérances près, au diamètre intérieur des éléments de tube (9) du premier revêtement (7) en position finale fermée.Method according to claim 10, characterized in that elements (12) of the final coating (8) are introduced having a diameter equal, to within tolerances, to the internal diameter of the tube elements (9) of the first coating (7) in position final closed. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 10 et 11, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement final (8) est mis en place sous forme d'éléments (12) de tube classiques soudés entre eux pour former un revêtement étanche.Method according to either of Claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the final coating (8) is placed in the form of conventional tube elements (12) welded together to form a waterproof coating. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement final (8) ou une partie de celui-ci est utilisé pour pousser les derniers éléments de tube (9) à installer au travers des éléments de tube (9) déjà en place.Method according to either of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the final covering (8) or part of it is used to push the last tube elements (9) to be installed through the elements of tube (9) already in place.
EP19950201867 1994-07-13 1995-07-07 Method for lining a tunnel Expired - Lifetime EP0692606B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE9400658A BE1008489A3 (en) 1994-07-13 1994-07-13 Process for producing a coated tunnel.
BE9400658 1994-07-13

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EP0692606A1 true EP0692606A1 (en) 1996-01-17
EP0692606B1 EP0692606B1 (en) 1999-12-29

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DE (1) DE69514160T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2143001T3 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0728974A1 (en) * 1995-02-24 1996-08-28 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Buried pipe laying method
BE1009528A3 (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-04-01 Verstraeten Beheersmij Bv Method for making a cladded underground tunnel
FR2752877A1 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-06 Toyo Technos Co Ltd Method for laying pipes underground using tunnelling machine
EP0881359A1 (en) * 1997-05-28 1998-12-02 Herrenknecht GmbH Method and arrangement for constructing a tunnel by using a driving shield
DE19745130A1 (en) * 1997-10-13 1999-04-15 Ruhrgas Ag Method for laying a line and line with a jacket pipe and a product pipe
RU2485318C1 (en) * 2012-01-25 2013-06-20 Константин Петрович Безродный Method to construct station tunnels with low subsidence of earth surface
RU2739880C1 (en) * 2020-03-10 2020-12-29 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский, проектно-изыскательский институт "Ленметрогипротранс" Method of inclined tunnels construction in weak water-saturated soils
RU2768765C1 (en) * 2021-05-04 2022-03-24 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский, проектно-изыскательский институт "Ленметрогипротранс" Method for construction of escalator tunnel constructed by tunnelling in weak waterlogged soils

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108150205B (en) * 2017-12-31 2019-04-16 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 The method that pipe jacking tunnel constructs underground parking

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DE2544834A1 (en) * 1975-10-07 1977-04-14 Gewerk Walter METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BOLTING SHELVES
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0728974A1 (en) * 1995-02-24 1996-08-28 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Buried pipe laying method
BE1009528A3 (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-04-01 Verstraeten Beheersmij Bv Method for making a cladded underground tunnel
FR2752877A1 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-06 Toyo Technos Co Ltd Method for laying pipes underground using tunnelling machine
EP0881359A1 (en) * 1997-05-28 1998-12-02 Herrenknecht GmbH Method and arrangement for constructing a tunnel by using a driving shield
DE19745130A1 (en) * 1997-10-13 1999-04-15 Ruhrgas Ag Method for laying a line and line with a jacket pipe and a product pipe
EP0908598A3 (en) * 1997-10-13 2002-04-03 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Method for laying a conduit and conduit comprising a casing and a production tubing
RU2485318C1 (en) * 2012-01-25 2013-06-20 Константин Петрович Безродный Method to construct station tunnels with low subsidence of earth surface
RU2739880C1 (en) * 2020-03-10 2020-12-29 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский, проектно-изыскательский институт "Ленметрогипротранс" Method of inclined tunnels construction in weak water-saturated soils
RU2768765C1 (en) * 2021-05-04 2022-03-24 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский, проектно-изыскательский институт "Ленметрогипротранс" Method for construction of escalator tunnel constructed by tunnelling in weak waterlogged soils

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0692606B1 (en) 1999-12-29
DE69514160T2 (en) 2000-07-13
BE1008489A3 (en) 1996-05-07
DE69514160D1 (en) 2000-02-03
ES2143001T3 (en) 2000-05-01

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