EP0685600B1 - Assembly method for a portable bridge and bridge obtained by such a method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an assembly method for section-wise assembling and laying one out Items formed bridge, both sides of each one pointing upwards, preferably of half-timbering existing continuous beams, each Bridge section has at least one pair of support elements, that have both ends in the area of their lower chord each a cross member connectable by couplings and after coupling their top belts with the respective adjoining support element of the adjacent bridge section aligned and fixed opposite each other, and that between the cross beams this is supported by at least one slab extends, and to a composable by the method Bridge.

Numerous bridges of this type are known; far the British Bailey Bridge and the D-bridge from Fried. Krupp. Both types of bridges are composed of truss parts, the connection of the individual truss elements by means of special Connecting parts, in particular shear force users Bolts to be connected together. The assembly of the Bridge is particularly difficult and time consuming, because a large number of small parts is required which is easy to transport can be lost, also the bolts after their assembly must still be secured separately.

The assembly procedure from FR-A-2 157 517 uses the connection of lower chords with cross members Special centering mandrels and Screw connections.

The invention has for its object an assembly method specify with which a bridge the entrance quickly and safely put together and can be relocated. In addition, a bridge is to be created which can be put together using such a method.

This object is achieved according to the features of claim 1.

The particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that the bridge as a result of fewer items can be assembled quickly and none for assembly Small parts are needed. A single plug and Swiveling movement already establishes a firm connection between the respective support element and the cross member forth.

It is correspondingly quick and easy Connection in the upper chord area according to another Design in that the coupling of the tubular trained top chords by moving sleeves and at least one fitted cylindrical part against each other takes place in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The pods can be parts of the upper belt itself or upper belt connecting parts be.

It is preferably also provided according to the invention that two stem beams with at least one as a counterweight acting bridge section through the Obstacle advanced and on the other side embankment height-adjustable, then the bridge in time with their coupled sections with their Bottom belts on grooved feed rollers and advanced and supported on the stem supports Reaching the bridge end position using the height adjustment devices at the two ends of the stem is lowered to the floor.

The new assembly method can be inventively perform particularly advantageously with a bridge according to the features of claim 4, at of the couplings one each on the carrier element arranged arranged hammer head-like element, the a corresponding push-through opening of the cross member engages behind. This is a very simple way firm and secure connection created.

Another embodiment of the bridge provides that at least one of the arranged in the region of the cross member Sleeves with one that can be coupled to the cross member Provide pressure strut for the production of the triangular structure is. Sleeves present during construction save a special fastener in this way for the strut

Another one according to the invention is particularly advantageous Embodiment in which a sleeve is so longitudinally displaceable is arranged that after connecting the encompasses both adjacent upper flange ends at the same time. In this way, a connection of the Top flange ends manufactured and only one pressure strut for the connection area needed. This is especially true for bridge training with single-walled beams.

In a further embodiment it is provided that Forming a bayonet lock the sleeve each in pairs with inner protrusions and the upper flange ends aligned with two outer protrusions each are provided that the inner projections in the coupled position reach behind the outer projections. Thereby are the top chord connections that are usually only on Be stressed, at the same time on train resilient, which is particularly important for pioneer bridges Advantage is.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the new Bridge also consists of a bridge section a pair of support elements pointing approximately vertically upwards and the struts on the outside of the bridge are arranged. This also applies to one single-walled carrier design and has the advantage that the Struts don't hinder traffic.

For bridges with a high load capacity it is provided that a bridge section formed two pairs of truss Has carrier elements, one on both sides of the bridge double-walled, converging beams form, with the top chord through on the truss struts arranged sleeves is formed, the hinge-like interlock and by at least one fitted cylindrical part can be fixed. The corresponding Designed cross beams can also be used for a bridge single-walled carrier design are used, and - at according to the same dimensions - even in exchange, e.g. B. as a replacement for the crossmember for the single-walled Execution can be used.

Another advantageous embodiment in which the cylindrical part located between the centers of the Bridge sections extends, saved due to friction in the connector u. a. a special thrust protection for the top chord coupling.

In that - as further provided - the cross member at least one at both ends by a Pipe piece formed cylindrical jacket-shaped projection have, which with the tubular lower chords or Lower belt parts of the carrier elements are aligned and themselves extending between these, these projections at the same time as tracks for appropriately shaped feed rolls be used.

It is also of particular advantage that the cross beams in The longitudinal and transverse directions of the bridge are symmetrical are trained. This simplifies manufacture and Assembly in a special way.

The same applies to the measure that the carrier elements - possibly with the exception of the sleeves - in longitudinal and Transverse direction of the bridge is formed symmetrically are. If the sleeves are provided as preferred, connect two adjacent top flange ends to each other, which with appropriate design also for the double-walled carrier design can be considered, accordingly, each carrier element is only one Assigned sleeve with associated pressure strut.

For the purpose of simple, quick and safe installation the bridge is also provided that at least a part of the cross beams on their top with two symmetrical on both ends between the support elements arranged receiving means for fastening one each Roll frame is provided, the leadership of a Stem carrier serves. It is particularly advantageous that the receiving means alternatively for attaching a Schrammbords serve, and, in another inventive Design that the stem girder also as a scrap board is used. Stem girders or scrap board are advantageous box-shaped and in a known manner by putting together individual elements that the Lengths of the bridge sections are assigned, extendable.

Fig. 1

eine Brücke mit einwandigen Trägern ausschnittsweise in Schrägansicht,

Fig. 2

die Brücke nach Fig. 1 im Querschnitt,

Fig. 3

ein Trägerelement in Ansicht,

Fig. 4

einen Querträger in Seitenansicht,

Fig. 5

den Querträger nach Fig. 4 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 6

eine Untergurtkupplung im senkrechten Schnitt in Brücken-Längsrichtung,

Fig. 7

einen Schnitt nach der Linie VII-VII in Fig. 6, in etwas größerem Maßstab,

Fig. 8

eine Obergurtkupplung, ebenfalls im senkrechten Brücken-Längsschnitt,

Fig. 9

einen Schnitt nach der Linie IX-IX in Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

einen Schnitt nach der Linie X-X in Fig. 8,

Fig. 11

einen Schnitt nach der Linie XI-XI in Fig. 8,

Fig. 12

die Obergurtkupplung nach Fig. 8 in entkuppelter Stellung, ebenfalls im senkrechten Längsschnitt,

Fig. 13

eine End-Druckstrebe mit zugehöriger Hülse im senkrechten Längsschnitt,

Fig. 14

in gleicher Darstellung wie in Fig. 13 eine andere Ausführungsform einer End-Druckstrebe,

Fig. 15 bis 18

drei Schritte beim Verlegen der Brücke in Ansicht, wobei Fig. 15 die Draufsicht zu Fig. 16 darstellt,

Fig. 19

die Hälfte einer Brücke mit doppelwandigem Träger im Querschnitt,

Fig. 20

die Darstellung nach Fig. 19 in Draufsicht.

Embodiments of the new bridge for the assembly method according to the invention and an example of their laying are shown schematically in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. Show it:

Fig. 1

a bridge with single-walled girders in partial oblique view,

Fig. 2

1 in cross section,

Fig. 3

a carrier element in view,

Fig. 4

a cross member in side view,

Fig. 5

4 in top view,

Fig. 6

a lower chord coupling in vertical section in the longitudinal direction of the bridge,

Fig. 7

6 shows a section along the line VII-VII in FIG. 6, on a somewhat larger scale,

Fig. 8

an upper chord coupling, also in the vertical longitudinal section of the bridge,

Fig. 9

8 shows a section along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8,

Fig. 10

8 shows a section along the line XX in FIG. 8,

Fig. 11

7 shows a section along the line XI-XI in FIG. 8,

Fig. 12

8 in the uncoupled position, also in a vertical longitudinal section,

Fig. 13

an end pressure strut with associated sleeve in vertical longitudinal section,

Fig. 14

in the same representation as in FIG. 13 another embodiment of an end pressure strut,

15 to 18

three steps in laying the bridge in view, FIG. 15 showing the top view of FIG. 16,

Fig. 19

half of a bridge with double-walled girder in cross section,

Fig. 20

19 in top view.

In Fig. 1 is a complete bridge section and a coupled part of a second bridge section shown, the two each formed from half-timbering Carrier elements 1 and several roadway plates 2 assigned are. The roadway plates 2 extend side by side between cross beams 3, each in the longitudinal direction of the bridge between a pair of support elements are switched on or one end of the bridge form, as shown in the foreground of Fig. 1. The right half of FIG. 1 shows the carrier element 1 in lying position after plugging together and before Coupling, which is done by swiveling upwards. The Carrier elements 1 each have an upper chord 4 and a lower flange 5, which are tubular. The ends of the top chords 4 are each from a sleeve 6 enclosed, to which a pressure strut 7 is welded, the other end at the associated end of the cross member 3 is coupled in the middle.

3, the lower flange 5 of the Carrier element 1 a hammer head-like at both ends Element 8, the outer end of which ends of the upper chord 4 is aligned. The same goes for the Center line of the pressure strut 7 in its coupled Position, as indicated on the right in Fig. 3.

4 and 5 it can be seen that in the cross members 3 pieces of pipe 9 are incorporated, the same diameter as the lower chords 5 and two Have pair of disc halves 10, the push-through openings 11 for the hammer head-like elements 8 form. The preferably formed from stiffened box profile Cross member 3 has on its two long sides between the pipe sections 9 each have a bar 12 on which support the ends of the carriageway slabs 2 so that their Align the upper sides with the upper side of the cross member 3. At the ends is a spring-loaded on the cross member 3 Slider element 13 arranged so that the provided with a corresponding bore 14 end of assigned strut 7 in the closed central position is fixed. The slide elements 13 can also in the Cross member 3 incorporated or at its outer ends be arranged in front of the head so that the outside of the pipe pieces 9 lying parts of the cross member 3 are omitted.

6 and 7 it can be seen that in the pipe sections 9 arranged the two pairs of disc halves 10 so are that in the coupling position the hammer head Bump elements 8 together. Between the disc halves 10 and the respective end of the pipe pieces 9 themselves extend cylindrical guides 15 accomplish an additionally stiffened connection.

8 to 12 show the design of the sleeve 6 and the assigned upper flange ends as a bayonet lock. The sleeve 6, which has a larger inner diameter than that Outside diameter of the upper flange ends is too this end at one end with two opposite provided with cross-sectional projections 16, which are on the inside of the top chords 4. The same shape having outer projections 17 are in alignment the ends of the abutting top chords. In the locking position shown in Fig. 8 close the projections 16 and 17 in the longitudinal direction of the bridge aligned with each other, while when locking or unlocking the sleeve 6 by 90 ° is rotated so that its inner projections 16 through the between the outer projections 17 on the one hand and the two tubular bodies formed on the other hand Cavities are pushed in the longitudinal direction can. To decouple the strut 7 is first detached from the slide element 13, then upwards by 90 ° pivoted, then in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to the end position moved to a stop 18 (Fig. 12) to be able to. In the end position, the other closes End of the sleeve 6 with the top belt end. As a result of that the abutting end of the sleeve 6 with the stop 18 its inner diameter over the entire circumference at the top chord 4 abuts (Fig. 11), the sleeve 6 can not be from the support member be removed. Unless removing the sleeve 6 is intended, it receives both ends and in alignment the same internal protrusions 16. You can then alternatively on the top chord of the adjacent support element 1 postponed and there during transport to be deposited.

Each carrier element 1 is preferably one with a Sleeve 6 provided strut 7 assigned so that not two different types of support elements are formed and must be sorted out during assembly. The most Bridge end missing on one side of the bridge Strut and thus missing triangular connection can then by a specially designed strut 7 ' 13, or at Use of one of the struts 7 with the sleeve 6 can an intermediate piece 19 in the end of the upper chord 4 are used (Fig. 14). The intermediate piece 19 is tubular in such a way that it is in the Upper chord can be pushed in and points to the outer end two projections 17 'on the Align outer projections 17 of the upper chord 4. Since the Outer protrusions 17 'the same length as the outer protrusions 17 have, the sleeve 6 in the locked and unlocked described manner. 13 is the one used Sleeve 6 'made so that a sleeve 6 in the transverse direction is cut in the middle and to the Interface an end plate is attached. In the middle the strut 7 'is also welded to the interface. Since the section of the sleeve 6 used Has internal projections 16, it can on the end of the Upper chords 4 pushed on and in the manner described locked by turning.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 19 and 20 with double-walled supports, the cross member 3 'accordingly at each end two at a distance from each other arranged incorporated pipe pieces 9, which the same coupling parts as the execution according to 1 to 7. The bottom chord parts are also 5 'and 5' 'of two carrier elements 1' and 1 '' on their Provide ends with the hammer head-like elements 8. As can be seen in FIG. 20, the carrier elements have 1 'and 1' 'arranged on their truss struts Sleeves 26 and 27, which - lined up - the Form top flange 4 '. You reach for it hinge-like into each other. For coupling the carrier elements 1 'and 1 '' from the oblique drawn in dashed lines in Fig. 19 Position pivoted against each other by about 90 ° until their Sleeves 26 and 27 are aligned. After that the Triangular connection by inserting an as cylindrical part provided tube 28 made.

The carrier element 1 ″ has three sleeves 27 between which are two sleeves 26 of the carrier element 1 ', the ends of the two outer sleeves 27 in the transverse direction of the bridge with the ends of the lower flange parts 5 'and 5 '', which together form the lower flange of the double-walled Form the bridge girder, align. Between the sleeves 27 Adjacent carrier elements 1 ″ thus remain Clearance of the width of the cross member 3 ', the is bridged by an intermediate sleeve 29. The sleeve 29 has three struts 30, 30 ', the each with its other end in the same way as that Struts 7 are coupled to the cross member and are arranged so that two struts 30 in parallel run and the third, intermediate strut 30 'against the other two around the top chord axis is pivotable. After coupling occurs on this Form a triangle in two directions, which the Fix the sleeve 29 so that it fits with the sleeves 27 in the Position of use is aligned. If necessary, it can Tube connected to the sleeves 26 and 27 in a shear-resistant manner be, e.g. B. by - not shown - locking elements. The sleeve 29 can be omitted if the outer Sleeves 27 are extended so that they each on adjoining support element 1 ''.

The assembly of a bridge section is thus made two or four support elements, a cross member and the associated roadway plates formed during a Bridge field that is decisive for the calculation itself between the centers of two cross members 3 and 3 ' extends. The shortest bridge of the type according to the invention accordingly has two carrier elements 1 and four Support elements 1 'and 1' 'and two cross members 3 and 3' on.

15 to 18 show the laying of a bridge single-walled beams with six fields over an obstacle 20, but also in the same way for a bridge double-walled beams applies. First, one as a counterweight sufficient number of bridge sections assembled and on feed rollers 21 jacked up. To two light stem beams 22 in parallel To be able to advance over the obstacle 20, the two first obstacle-side cross member 3 with roller frame 23 provided by which the stem support 22 pushed through to the other side embankment become. To accommodate the roller frame 23, which in the left half of Fig. 2, the Crossmember 3 receiving means arranged at both ends, for. B. Threaded holes on, with the help of which the roller frame be attached. On the other side embankment of the Stem girders 22 are on an obstacle Height adjustment device 24, for example an air cushion, stored. On the grooved 25 Feed rollers 21 the bridge is then advanced, their lower chords 5 and the pipe sections 9, the the bottom of the cross member 3 each cylindrical jacket Form projections through the grooves 25 of the Feed rollers 21 are guided. The remaining Bridge sections are used simultaneously during the Feeds assembled. As the advance progresses the front end of the bridge leans over the Roller frame 23 on the stem beams 22. The last Cross member at the rear end of the bridge will also be provided with two roller frames 23.

When the bridge, as shown in Fig. 18, its end position has reached, the appropriately dimensioned protrudes Stem girders on both ends beyond the bridge. Since she rear end on the right at the embankment arranged feed rollers 21 rests, the Stem girder 22 also at this end with a height adjustment device 24 provided with the help of Feed rollers 21 removed and the bridge at both ends the roller frame 23 hanging in its final position the floor can be lowered. Eventually they will Roller frame 23 removed and the stem support 22 in adapted to the length of the bridge and as Schrammborde the receiving means that previously arranged the Roller frames have been attached, like the right one Half of Fig. 2 shows. The accordingly from scrapboard elements composite stem supports are around one bridge field length longer than the total bridge length.

The described embodiment is for single-track Traffic provided for vehicles, as is the case with pioneer bridges is common, with between the Schrammborden 22nd and the support elements 1 sufficient space for pedestrian traffic remains. But it is also possible that Bridge according to the invention wider if necessary to train.

Reference numerals

1, 1 ', 1 "

Carrier element

2nd

Roadway slab

3, 3 '

Cross member

4, 4 '

Top chord

5

Lower chord

5 ', 5 "

Lower belt part

6, 6 '

Sleeve

7, 7 '

Strut

8th

hammer head-like element

9

Pipe piece

10th

Half of the disc

11

Push-through opening

12th

strip

13

Slide element

14

drilling

15

cylindrical guide

16

Inner projection

17, 17 '

External advantage

18th

attack

19th

Spacer

20th

obstacle

21

Feed roller

22

Stem support

23

Roller frame

24th

Height adjustment device

25th

groove

26, 27

Sleeve

28

pipe

29

Sleeve

30. 30 '

Strut

Claims (16)

1. Method of assembly for assembling section by section and laying a bridge formed by individual parts comprising an upward pointing continuous girder, preferably formed from latticework, respectively on each side, whereby each bridge section has at least one pair of girder elements (1, 1', 1''), which may be connected at both ends in the region of their bottom chord (5) to a respective cross beam (3, 3') by means of couplings and after coupling their top chords (4) are fixed opposite one another flush with the respectively connected girder element of the adjacent bridge section, and whereby at least one road surface plate (2) extends between the cross beams and is supported thereon, wherein the girder elements (1, 1', 1'') are coupled to the cross beams (3, 3') by plugging together in the longitudinal direction of the bridge and subsequently swinging the girder elements (1, 1', 1'') and cross beams (3, 3') towards one another from an assembly position into the position of use in the transverse direction of the bridge, and then the top chords (4, 4') - possibly by interposing at least one diagonal strut (7) - are coupled to one another in such a way that a triangular bond, viewed in cross-section of the bridge, is simultaneously formed with the cross beam (3, 3').
2. Assembly method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the tubular top chords (4, 4') are coupled by displacing sleeves (6, 26, 27) and at least one fitted cylindrical part (4, 4') towards one another in the longitudinal direction of the bridge.
3. Assembly method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that two launching girders (22) are launched over the obstacle (20) through at least one bridge section acting as counterweight and are supported on the slope on the other side so as to be vertically adjustable (24), the bridge supported on launching rollers (21) fitted with grooves (25) and on the launching girders (22) is then launched in sequence with its sections coupled to its bottom chords (5), and after the bridge end position has been reached, it is lowered onto the ground by means of vertical adjustment means (24) at both ends of the launching girders (22).
4. Bridge which may be assembled using the method according Claims 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the couplings respectively have a hammer head-like element (8) arranged on the girder element (1, 1', 1'') which engages behind a corresponding passage opening (11) of the cross beam (3, 3').
5. Bridge according to Claim 4, characterised in that at least one of the sleeves (6) arranged in the region of the cross beams (3) is provided with a diagonal strut (7) which may be coupled to the cross beam (3) to form the triangular bond.
6. Bridge according to Claim 4 or 5, characterised in that a sleeve (6) is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable such that it simultaneously engages around the two adjacent top chords after connection.
7. Bridge according to Claim 6, characterised in that for formation of a bayonet-type closure, the sleeves (6) are provided with internal projections (16) respectively in pairs and the top chord ends are provided with two respective external projections (17) arranged flush in such a way that in coupled position the internal projections (16) engage behind the external projections (17).
8. Bridge according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterised in that a bridge section has a pair of girder elements (1) approximately pointing perpendicularly upwards and the diagonal struts (7, 7') are arranged on the outside of the bridge.
9. Bridge according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterised in that a bridge section has two pairs of girder elements (1, 1') formed from latticework which form a double-plate girder merging at the top on both sides of the bridge, whereby the top chord (5') is formed by sleeves (26, 27) arranged on the lattice struts, which intermesh in a hinge-like manner and are fixed by at least one fitted cylindrical part (28).
10. Bridge according to Claim 9, characterised in that the cylindrical part (28) extends between the centres of the bridge sections.
11. Bridge according to one of Claims 4 to 10, characterised in that the cross beams (3, 3') have at least one cylindrical shell-type projection, which is formed by a tubular piece (9) on their underside, is flush with the tubular bottom chords (5) or bottom chord parts (5', 5") of the girder elements (1) and extends between these.
12. Bridge according to one of Claims 4 to 11, characterised in that the cross beams (3, 3') are respectively constructed symmetrically in the longitudinal and transverse direction of the bridge.
13. Bridge according to one of Claims 4 to 12, characterised in that the girder elements (1, 1', 1'') - possibly with the exception of the sleeves (6) - are respectively constructed symmetrically in the longitudinal and transverse direction of the bridge.
14. Bridge according to one of Claims 4 to 13, characterised in that at least some of the cross beams (3, 3') are provided at their upper side with two receiving means arranged symmetrically at both ends between the girder elements (1, 1', 1'') for fastening one respective roller frame (23), which serves to guide a launching girder (22).
15. Bridge according to Claim 14, characterised in that the receiving means alternatively serve to fasten a kerb.
16. Bridge according to Claim 14 or 15, characterised in that the launching girder (22) is also used as a kerb.

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