EP0629103A2 - Method and circuit for controling the temperature of AC operated heating apparatus - Google Patents

Method and circuit for controling the temperature of AC operated heating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0629103A2
EP0629103A2 EP94104875A EP94104875A EP0629103A2 EP 0629103 A2 EP0629103 A2 EP 0629103A2 EP 94104875 A EP94104875 A EP 94104875A EP 94104875 A EP94104875 A EP 94104875A EP 0629103 A2 EP0629103 A2 EP 0629103A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diode
temperature
heating
current
heating conductor
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Granted
Application number
EP94104875A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0629103B1 (en
EP0629103A3 (en
Inventor
Ernst Merk
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Beurer GmbH and Co
Beurer GmbH
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Beurer GmbH and Co
Beurer GmbH
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Publication of EP0629103A2 publication Critical patent/EP0629103A2/en
Publication of EP0629103A3 publication Critical patent/EP0629103A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
    • H05B1/0272—For heating of fabrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regulating the temperature of heating devices operated with alternating current, in particular.
  • Heating pads, heating blankets or the like which have a one-part or multi-part heating conductor, furthermore a series-connected, thermally coupled to the heating conductor, temperature-dependent switching element, and are provided with an actuator for specifying the target temperature.
  • the invention further relates to a circuit arrangement for regulating the temperature of heaters operated with alternating current, in particular. Heating pads, heated blankets or the like, with a one-part or multi-part heating conductor and also with a series-connected heating conductor to the Heat conductor thermally coupled, temperature-dependent switching element, as well as with an actuator for specifying the target temperature.
  • Circuit arrangements of this type are known in numerous variants, with integrated circuits which have been specially manufactured increasingly being used for temperature control. Even if these modules can be manufactured comparatively cheaply today, they still represent a not inconsiderable cost factor in the case of simple and therefore inexpensive heating devices.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and a circuit arrangement for temperature control, which allows a step-by-step or stepless specification of the target temperature with minimal effort on conventional electronic standard components and simple circuitry.
  • this object is achieved in that in one direction of flow of the current the supply voltage drops essentially completely at the heating conductor and in the opposite direction of flow of the current the supply voltage largely drops at a preheating resistor which is thermally connected to the temperature-dependent switching element Interaction is, the current flow in the opposite direction of flow through the actuator is switchable and / or variable.
  • the advantage achieved by the invention is that one half-wave of the alternating current is used to heat the heating conductor, while the Another half-wave is used to primarily heat the preheating resistor, which, via its thermal interaction with the temperature-dependent switching element, switches it off when the temperature of the heating conductor is still significantly below the switching temperature of the switching element.
  • An increase in the heating power in the preheating resistor therefore results in a lower temperature of the heater. If, on the other hand, the current is reduced or completely interrupted by the preheating resistor, the switching element only switches off when the switching temperature is reached simply by heating the heating conductor. In this case the heater will reach its maximum temperature.
  • the invention is achieved in that a preheating resistor is arranged in the current path, which is in thermal interaction with the temperature-dependent switching element, and further a first diode is provided, which is sufficient only for one of the two current flow directions for noticeable heating of the preheating resistor Current made possible by the preheating resistor, this current being switchable and / or variable by the actuator.
  • the preheating resistor is arranged in series with the heating conductor and the diode Preheating resistor connected in parallel. In one current flow direction, the current then flows via the heating conductor and the diode, so that only the forward voltage of the diode is present at the preheating resistor. On the other hand, the diode blocks in the opposite direction of current flow, so that the entire current must flow through the preheating resistor. This current flow direction therefore ensures a corresponding heating of the preheating resistor and thus an earlier switching off of the switching element.
  • the preheating resistor has a higher resistance than the heating conductor, since then the preheating resistor is almost exclusively heated in the corresponding current flow direction. It has turned out to be favorable if the resistance value of the preheating resistor is approximately twenty times greater than that of the heating conductor.
  • the actuator is formed in a correspondingly simple embodiment by a second diode connected in the same direction of flow as the first diode and a switch bridging the second diode. If the switch is open, the current can only flow in one flow direction, with the result that the switching element only switches off when the maximum temperature is reached. However, if the switch is closed, the actuator enables current to flow in both directions. In this case, heating of the Preheating resistor, whereby the switching element switches off earlier, so the heater only takes on a lower temperature.
  • the actuator is formed by a second diode and a variable resistor bridging the second diode.
  • the current flow through the preheating resistor can be influenced via the resistance, so that the actuator allows a continuous specification of the temperature setpoint instead of a gradual one.
  • the heating conductor can be formed in a conventional embodiment by a double cord, in which case the preheating resistor and the switching element are connected between the two heating conductor windings of the double cord.
  • the switching element is expediently formed by a bimetal switch.
  • the circuit arrangement shown in the drawing is used for temperature control with alternating current operated heaters, in particular heating pads, electric blankets or the like.
  • the circuit arrangement consists of a two-part heating conductor 1, and also of a temperature-dependent switching element 2 connected in series thereto, which is thermally coupled to the heating conductor 1. Finally, the circuit arrangement comprises an actuator 3 for specifying the target temperature.
  • the actuator 3 is, as indicated by the dashed frame 4, usually arranged in a cord switch, while the other components enclosed by the second frame 5 are part of the heater.
  • a preheating resistor 6 is arranged in the current path of the heater and is in thermal interaction with the temperature-dependent switching element 2. Furthermore, a first diode 7 is provided which allows a current sufficient to noticeably heat the preheating resistor 6 to flow through the preheating resistor 6 only during one of the two current flow directions.
  • the preheating resistor 6 is arranged in series with the two heating conductors 1, the first diode 7 being connected in parallel with the preheating resistor 6. In one current flow direction, the preheating resistor 6 is bridged by the first diode 7, so that only its forward voltage drops, while the diode 7 blocks in the opposite direction of current flow, so that the current can then flow exclusively through the preheating resistor 6.
  • the resultant heating of the preheating resistor 6 leads to an earlier switching off of the switching element 2, so that the heater only takes on a lower temperature overall.
  • the size of this by the preheating resistor 6 flowing current is either switchable or variable by the actuator 3, which will be discussed later.
  • the preheating resistor 6 is significantly higher-resistance than the heating conductor 1 and can have, for example, twenty times the value of the heating conductor 1. The greater the ratio of the resistance values of the heating conductor 1 on the one hand and the preheating resistor 6 on the other hand, the more pronounced is the heating power output in the heating conductor 1 or in the preheating resistor 6 depending on the respective current flow direction.
  • the actuator 3 is formed by a second diode 8 connected in the same direction of flow as the first diode 7 and a switch 9 bridging the second diode 8. If this switch 9 is open, the current can only flow in the direction by which only the heating conductor 1 is heated. When switch 9 is open, the heater will therefore reach its maximum temperature determined by the switching temperature of switching element 2. However, if the switch 9 is closed, the current can flow in both directions with the result that the preheating resistor 6 is heated and the switching element 2 switches off earlier.
  • the actuator 3 is formed by a second diode 8 and a variable resistor 10 bridging the second diode 8.
  • a further switch 12 is provided in each supply line 11, by means of which the heater can be switched off.
  • the actuator 3 housed in a conventional cord switch can be connected to the heater via a two-wire supply line 13, while at least one third line is required in known temperature control devices.
  • the heating conductor 1 can be formed in a manner not shown in the drawing by a double cord, in which case the preheating resistor 6 and the switching element 2 are connected to the two ends of the double cord, as indicated in the circuit diagram.
  • the switching element 2 is also formed in a manner not shown by a bimetal switch.

Abstract

The two-part heating element (1) is connected electrically in series and coupled thermally to a temp.-dependent switching element (2) associated with a preheating resistor (6) bridged by a first diode (7). This resistor has e.g. 20 times the resistance of the heating element and its current is switched or varied by the set-point combination (3) of a second diode (8) conducting in the same direction and a bridging switch (9). When the second diode is bridged, the resistor becomes heated and the switching element is opened earlier than when the diode is operative.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Temperaturregelung von mit Wechselstrom betriebenen Heizgeräten, insbes. von Heizkissen, Heizdecken oder dergl., die mit einem ein- oder mehrteiligen Heizleiter, ferner mit einem dazu in Reihe geschalteten, an den Heizleiter thermisch angekoppelten, temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied, sowie mit einem Stellglied zur Vorgabe der Solltemperatur versehen sind.The invention relates to a method for regulating the temperature of heating devices operated with alternating current, in particular. Heating pads, heating blankets or the like, which have a one-part or multi-part heating conductor, furthermore a series-connected, thermally coupled to the heating conductor, temperature-dependent switching element, and are provided with an actuator for specifying the target temperature.

Weiter betrifft die Erfindung eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Temperaturregelung von mit Wechselstrom betriebenen Heizgeräten, insbes. von Heizkissen, Heizdecken oder dergl., mit einem ein- oder mehrteiligen Heizleiter, ferner mit einem dazu in Reihe geschalteten, an den Heizleiter thermisch angekoppelten, temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied, sowie mit einem Stellglied zur Vorgabe der Solltemperatur.The invention further relates to a circuit arrangement for regulating the temperature of heaters operated with alternating current, in particular. Heating pads, heated blankets or the like, with a one-part or multi-part heating conductor and also with a series-connected heating conductor to the Heat conductor thermally coupled, temperature-dependent switching element, as well as with an actuator for specifying the target temperature.

Derartige Schaltungsanordnungen sind in zahlreichen Varianten bekannt, wobei in zunehmendem Maße zur Temperaturregelung speziell angefertigte integrierte Schaltkreise Anwendung finden. Selbst wenn diese Bausteine heute vergleichsweise billig herstellbar sind, stellen sie doch einen nicht unbeträchtlichen Kostenfaktor bei einfacheren und damit preiswerten Heizgeräten dar.Circuit arrangements of this type are known in numerous variants, with integrated circuits which have been specially manufactured increasingly being used for temperature control. Even if these modules can be manufactured comparatively cheaply today, they still represent a not inconsiderable cost factor in the case of simple and therefore inexpensive heating devices.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren sowie eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Temperaturregelung anzugeben, die eine stufenweise bzw. stufenlose Vorgabe der Solltemperatur bei minimalem Aufwand an üblichen elektronischen Standardbauteilen und einfacher Schaltungstechnik ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to provide a method and a circuit arrangement for temperature control, which allows a step-by-step or stepless specification of the target temperature with minimal effort on conventional electronic standard components and simple circuitry.

Diese Aufgabe wird in verfahrensmäßiger Hinsicht dadurch gelöst, daß in der einen Flußrichtung des Stroms die Versorgungsspannung im wesentlichen vollständig am Heizleiter abfällt und daß in der entgegen gesetzten Flußrichtung des Stroms die Versorgungsspannung zum größten Teil an einem Vorheizwiderstand abfällt, der mit dem temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied in thermischer Wechselwirkung steht, wobei der Stromfluß in der entgegen gesetzten Flußrichtung durch das Stellglied schaltbar und/oder variierbar ist.In procedural terms, this object is achieved in that in one direction of flow of the current the supply voltage drops essentially completely at the heating conductor and in the opposite direction of flow of the current the supply voltage largely drops at a preheating resistor which is thermally connected to the temperature-dependent switching element Interaction is, the current flow in the opposite direction of flow through the actuator is switchable and / or variable.

Der durch die Erfindung erreichte Vorteil besteht darin, daß Jeweils die eine Halbwelle des Wechselstroms zum Erwärmen des Heizleiters ausgenutzt wird, während die andere Halbwelle dazu herangezogen wird, vor allem den Vorheizwiderstand zu erwärmen, der über seine thermische Wechselwirkung mit dem temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied dieses bereits dann abschaltet, wenn die Temperatur des Heizleiters noch deutlich unter der Schalttemperatur des Schaltgliedes liegt. Eine Erhöhung der Heizleistung im Vorheizwiderstand hat somit eine niedrigere Temperatur des Heizgerätes zur Folge. Wird dagegen der Strom durch den Vorheizwiderstand reduziert bzw. völlig unterbrochen, so schaltet das Schaltglied erst ab, wenn die Schalttemperatur allein durch Aufheizung des Heizleiter erreicht ist. In diesem Fall nimmt das Heizgerät seine maximale Temperatur an.The advantage achieved by the invention is that one half-wave of the alternating current is used to heat the heating conductor, while the Another half-wave is used to primarily heat the preheating resistor, which, via its thermal interaction with the temperature-dependent switching element, switches it off when the temperature of the heating conductor is still significantly below the switching temperature of the switching element. An increase in the heating power in the preheating resistor therefore results in a lower temperature of the heater. If, on the other hand, the current is reduced or completely interrupted by the preheating resistor, the switching element only switches off when the switching temperature is reached simply by heating the heating conductor. In this case the heater will reach its maximum temperature.

In vorrichtungsmäßiger Hinsicht wird die Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß im Strompfad ein Vorheizwiderstand angeordnet ist, der mit dem temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied in thermischer Wechselwirkung steht, und wobei weiter eine erste Diode vorgesehen ist, die nur während einer der beiden Stromflußrichtungen einen zur merklichen Erwärmung des Vorheizwiderstandes ausreichenden Strom durch den Vorheizwiderstand ermöglicht, wobei dieser Strom durch das Stellglied schaltbar und/oder variierbar ist.In terms of the device, the invention is achieved in that a preheating resistor is arranged in the current path, which is in thermal interaction with the temperature-dependent switching element, and further a first diode is provided, which is sufficient only for one of the two current flow directions for noticeable heating of the preheating resistor Current made possible by the preheating resistor, this current being switchable and / or variable by the actuator.

Grundsätzlich besteht hierbei die Möglichkeit, den Vorheizwiderstand mit in Reihe geschalteter Diode unmittelbar an die Versorgungsspannung anzuschließen und eine weitere Diode in entgegen gesetzter Flußrichtung in Reihe zum Heizleiter anzuordnen.Basically, there is the possibility of connecting the preheating resistor with the diode connected in series directly to the supply voltage and arranging a further diode in the opposite direction of flow in series with the heating conductor.

In noch einfacherer und daher im Rahmen der Erfindung bevorzugter Ausführungsform ist der Vorheizwiderstand in Reihe zum Heizleiter angeordnet und die Diode dem Vorheizwiderstand parallel geschaltet. In der einen Stromflußrichtung fließt der Strom dann über den Heizleiter und die Diode, wodurch am Vorheizwiderstand lediglich die Durchlaßspannung der Diode anliegt. In entgegen gesetzter Stromflußrichtung dagegen sperrt die Diode, so daß der gesamte Strom über den Vorheizwiderstand fließen muß. Diese Stromflußrichtung sorgt daher für eine entsprechende Erwärmung des Vorheizwiderstandes und somit für ein früheres Abschalten des Schaltgliedes. Vorteilhafterweise ist hierbei der Vorheizwiderstand hochohmiger als der Heizleiter, da dann bei der entsprechenden Stromflußrichtung nahezu ausschließlich der Vorheizwiderstand erwärmt wird. Als günstig hat sich hierbei herausgestellt, wenn der Widerstandswert des Vorheizwiderstandes etwa zwanzigfach größer ist als der des Heizleiters.In an even simpler and therefore preferred embodiment within the scope of the invention, the preheating resistor is arranged in series with the heating conductor and the diode Preheating resistor connected in parallel. In one current flow direction, the current then flows via the heating conductor and the diode, so that only the forward voltage of the diode is present at the preheating resistor. On the other hand, the diode blocks in the opposite direction of current flow, so that the entire current must flow through the preheating resistor. This current flow direction therefore ensures a corresponding heating of the preheating resistor and thus an earlier switching off of the switching element. Advantageously, the preheating resistor has a higher resistance than the heating conductor, since then the preheating resistor is almost exclusively heated in the corresponding current flow direction. It has turned out to be favorable if the resistance value of the preheating resistor is approximately twenty times greater than that of the heating conductor.

Im eigentlichen Heizgerät werden somit für die Temperaturregelung lediglich das übliche temperaturabhängige Schaltglied und zusätzlich ein Widerstand sowie eine Diode benötigt.In the actual heater, only the usual temperature-dependent switching element and additionally a resistor and a diode are required for the temperature control.

Das Stellglied ist in einer ersten Ausführungsform in entsprechend einfacher Ausgestaltung von einer in gleicher Flußrichtung wie die erste Diode geschalteten zweiten Diode sowie einem die zweite Diode überbrückenden Schalter gebildet. Ist der Schalter geöffnet, so kann der Strom jeweils nur in der einen Flußrichtung fließen mit der Folge, daß das Schaltglied erst bei Erreichen der maximalen Temperatur abschaltet. Wird der Schalter dagegen geschlossen, so ermöglicht das Stellglied einen Stromfluß in beiden Richtungen. In diesem Fall erfolgt in der schon beschriebenen Weise eine Aufheizung des Vorheizwiderstandes, wodurch das Schaltglied früher abschaltet, das Heizgerät also nur eine niedrigere Temperatur annimmt.In a first embodiment, the actuator is formed in a correspondingly simple embodiment by a second diode connected in the same direction of flow as the first diode and a switch bridging the second diode. If the switch is open, the current can only flow in one flow direction, with the result that the switching element only switches off when the maximum temperature is reached. However, if the switch is closed, the actuator enables current to flow in both directions. In this case, heating of the Preheating resistor, whereby the switching element switches off earlier, so the heater only takes on a lower temperature.

Es besteht jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, daß das Stellglied von einer zweiten Diode sowie einem die zweite Diode überbrückenden, veränderbaren Widerstand gebildet ist. In diesem Fall kann über den Widerstand der Stromfluß durch den Vorheizwiderstand beeinflußt werden, so daß das Stellglied statt einer stufenweisen eine kontinuierliche Vorgabe des Temperatursollwertes erlaubt.However, there is also the possibility that the actuator is formed by a second diode and a variable resistor bridging the second diode. In this case, the current flow through the preheating resistor can be influenced via the resistance, so that the actuator allows a continuous specification of the temperature setpoint instead of a gradual one.

Weiter kann der Heizleiter in üblicher Ausgestaltung von einer Doppelkordel gebildet sein, wobei dann der Vorheizwiderstand und das Schaltglied zwischen den beiden Heizleiterwicklungen der Doppelkordel angeschlossen sind.Furthermore, the heating conductor can be formed in a conventional embodiment by a double cord, in which case the preheating resistor and the switching element are connected between the two heating conductor windings of the double cord.

Das Schaltglied ist zweckmäßigerweise von einem Bimetall-Schalter gebildet.The switching element is expediently formed by a bimetal switch.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung an zwei in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert; es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Schaltungsanordnung in einer ersten Ausführungsform für eine stufenweise Temperaturvorgabe,
Fig. 2
eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung zur kontinuierlichen Temperaturvorgabe.
The invention is explained in more detail below using two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing; show it:
Fig. 1
1 a circuit arrangement in a first embodiment for a stepwise temperature specification,
Fig. 2
a further embodiment of the invention for continuous temperature specification.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Schaltungsanordnung dient zur Temperaturregelung von mit Wechselstrom betriebenen Heizgeräten, insbes. von Heizkissen, Heizdecken oder dergl.The circuit arrangement shown in the drawing is used for temperature control with alternating current operated heaters, in particular heating pads, electric blankets or the like.

Die Schaltungsanordnung besteht aus einem zweiteiligen Heizleiter 1, ferner aus einem dazu in Reihe geschalteten, temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied 2, das an den Heizleiter 1 thermisch angekoppelt ist. Schließlich umfaßt die Schaltungsanordnung ein Stellglied 3 zur Vorgabe der Solltemperatur. Das Stellglied 3 ist dabei, wie die gestrichelte Umrahmung 4 angedeutet, üblicherweise in einem Schnurschalter angeordnet, während die übrigen, von der zweiten Umrahmung 5 umfaßten Bauteile Bestandteil des Heizgerätes sind.The circuit arrangement consists of a two-part heating conductor 1, and also of a temperature-dependent switching element 2 connected in series thereto, which is thermally coupled to the heating conductor 1. Finally, the circuit arrangement comprises an actuator 3 for specifying the target temperature. The actuator 3 is, as indicated by the dashed frame 4, usually arranged in a cord switch, while the other components enclosed by the second frame 5 are part of the heater.

Im Strompfad des Heizgerätes ist ein Vorheizwiderstand 6 angeordnet, der mit dem temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied 2 in thermischer Wechselwirkung steht. Weiter ist eine erste Diode 7 vorgesehen, die nur während einer der beiden Stromflußrichtungen einen zur merklichen Erwärmung des Vorheizwiderstandes 6 ausreichenden Strom durch den Vorheizwiderstand 6 fließen läßt. Dazu ist der Vorheizwiderstand 6 in Reihe zu den beiden Heizleitern 1 angeordnet, wobei die erste Diode 7 dem Vorheizwiderstand 6 parallel geschaltet ist. In der einen Stromflußrichtung wird dadurch der Vorheizwiderstand 6 durch die erste Diode 7 überbrückt, so daß nur deren Durchlaßspannung abfällt, während die Diode 7 in der umgekehrten Stromflußrichtung sperrt, so daß dann der Strom ausschließlich über den Vorheizwiderstand 6 fließen kann. Die hierdurch hervorgerufene Erwärmung des Vorheizwiderstandes 6 führt zu einem früheren Abschalten des Schaltgliedes 2, so daß das Heizgerät insgesamt nur eine niedrigere Temperatur annimmt. Die Größe dieses durch den Vorheizwiderstand 6 fließenden Stroms ist durch das Stellglied 3 entweder schaltbar oder variierbar, worauf später noch eingegangen wird.A preheating resistor 6 is arranged in the current path of the heater and is in thermal interaction with the temperature-dependent switching element 2. Furthermore, a first diode 7 is provided which allows a current sufficient to noticeably heat the preheating resistor 6 to flow through the preheating resistor 6 only during one of the two current flow directions. For this purpose, the preheating resistor 6 is arranged in series with the two heating conductors 1, the first diode 7 being connected in parallel with the preheating resistor 6. In one current flow direction, the preheating resistor 6 is bridged by the first diode 7, so that only its forward voltage drops, while the diode 7 blocks in the opposite direction of current flow, so that the current can then flow exclusively through the preheating resistor 6. The resultant heating of the preheating resistor 6 leads to an earlier switching off of the switching element 2, so that the heater only takes on a lower temperature overall. The size of this by the preheating resistor 6 flowing current is either switchable or variable by the actuator 3, which will be discussed later.

Der Vorheizwiderstand 6 ist wesentlich hochohmiger als der Heizleiter 1 und kann beispielweise den zwanzigfachen Wert gegenüber dem Heizleiter 1 besitzen. Je größer das Verhältnis der Widerstandswerte des Heizleiters 1 einerseits und des Vorheizwiderstandes 6 andererseits ist, desto ausgeprägter ist die abgegebene Heizleistung im Heizleiter 1 bzw. im Vorheizwiderstand 6 in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Stromflußrichtung.The preheating resistor 6 is significantly higher-resistance than the heating conductor 1 and can have, for example, twenty times the value of the heating conductor 1. The greater the ratio of the resistance values of the heating conductor 1 on the one hand and the preheating resistor 6 on the other hand, the more pronounced is the heating power output in the heating conductor 1 or in the preheating resistor 6 depending on the respective current flow direction.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist das Stellglied 3 von einer in gleicher Flußrichtung wie die erste Diode 7 geschalteten zweiten Diode 8 sowie einem die zweite Diode 8 überbrückenden Schalter 9 gebildet. Ist dieser Schalter 9 geöffnet, so kann der Strom nur in der Richtung fließen, durch die ausschließlich der Heizleiter 1 erwärmt wird. Bei geöffnetem Schalter 9 wird daher das Heizgerät seine durch die Schalttemperatur des Schaltgliedes 2 bestimmte Maximaltemperatur erreichen. Ist der Schalter 9 dagegen geschlossen, so kann der Strom in beiden Richtungen fließen mit dem Ergebnis, daß der Vorheizwiderstand 6 aufgeheizt wird und das Schaltglied 2 bereits früher abschaltet.In the first exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1, the actuator 3 is formed by a second diode 8 connected in the same direction of flow as the first diode 7 and a switch 9 bridging the second diode 8. If this switch 9 is open, the current can only flow in the direction by which only the heating conductor 1 is heated. When switch 9 is open, the heater will therefore reach its maximum temperature determined by the switching temperature of switching element 2. However, if the switch 9 is closed, the current can flow in both directions with the result that the preheating resistor 6 is heated and the switching element 2 switches off earlier.

Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Stellglied 3 von einer zweiten Diode 8 sowie einem die zweite Diode 8 überbrückenden, veränderbaren Widerstand 10 gebildet. Durch eine Variation dieses Widerstandes 10 besteht die Möglichkeit, die Heizleistung im Vorheizwiderstand 6 zu beeinflussen, so daß eine stufenlose Vorgabe der Solltemperatur möglich ist. Im übrigen sind in jeder Zuleitung 11 jeweils ein weiterer Schalter 12 vorgesehen, durch die das Heizgerät abgeschaltet werden kann. Wie sich der Zeichnung weiterhin entnehmen läßt, kann das in einem üblichen Schnurschalter untergebrachte Stellglied 3 über eine zweiadrige Zuleitung 13 mit dem Heizgerät verbunden werden, während bei bekannten Temperaturregeleinrichtungen wenigstens eine dritte Leitung benötigt wird.In the further exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the actuator 3 is formed by a second diode 8 and a variable resistor 10 bridging the second diode 8. By varying this resistor 10, there is the possibility that To influence heating power in the preheating resistor 6, so that a stepless specification of the target temperature is possible. In addition, a further switch 12 is provided in each supply line 11, by means of which the heater can be switched off. As can also be seen from the drawing, the actuator 3 housed in a conventional cord switch can be connected to the heater via a two-wire supply line 13, while at least one third line is required in known temperature control devices.

Der Heizleiter 1 kann in in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellter Weise von einer Doppelkordel gebildet sein, wobei dann der Vorheizwiderstand 6 und das Schaltglied 2 an den beiden Enden der Doppelkordel angeschlossen sind, wie dies im Stromlaufplan angedeutet ist. Das Schaltglied 2 ist in ebenfalls nicht näher dargestellter Weise von einem Bimetallschalter gebildet.The heating conductor 1 can be formed in a manner not shown in the drawing by a double cord, in which case the preheating resistor 6 and the switching element 2 are connected to the two ends of the double cord, as indicated in the circuit diagram. The switching element 2 is also formed in a manner not shown by a bimetal switch.

Claims (9)

Verfahren zur Temperaturregelung von mit Wechselstrom betriebenen Heizgeräten, insbesondere von Heizkissen, Heizdecken oder dergl., die mit einem ein- oder mehrteiligen Heizleiter (1), ferner mit einem dazu in Reihe geschalteten, an den Heizleiter (1) thermisch angekoppelten, temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied (2), sowie mit einem Stellglied (3) zur Vorgabe der Solltemperatur versehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der einen Flußrichtung des Stroms die Versorgungsspannung im wesentlichen vollständig am Heizleiter (1) abfällt, und daß in der entgegengesetzten Flußrichtung des Stroms die Versorgungsspannung zum größten Teil an einem Vorheizwiderstand (6) abfällt, der mit dem temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied (2) in thermischer Wechselwirkung steht, wobei der Stromfluß in der entgegengesetzten Flußrichtung durch das Stellglied (3) schaltbar und/oder variierbar ist.Method for regulating the temperature of heating devices operated with alternating current, in particular heating pads, heating blankets or the like, which have a one-part or multi-part heating conductor (1) and also a temperature-dependent switching element (1) connected in series and thermally coupled to the heating conductor (1). 2), and are provided with an actuator (3) for specifying the target temperature, characterized in that in one flow direction of the current the supply voltage drops substantially completely at the heating conductor (1), and that in the opposite flow direction of the current the supply voltage for the majority of a preheating resistor (6) drops, which is in thermal interaction with the temperature-dependent switching element (2), the current flow in the opposite direction of flow through the actuator (3) being switchable and / or variable. Schaltungsanordnung zur Temperaturregelung von mit Wechselstrom betriebenen Heizgeräten, insbesondere von Heizkissen, Heizdecken oder dergl., mit einem ein- oder mehrteiligen Heizleiter (1), ferner mit einem dazu in Reihe geschalteten, an den Heizleiter (1) thermisch angekoppelten, temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied (2), sowie mit einem Stellglied (3) zur Vorgabe der Solltemperatur, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Strompfad ein Vorheizwiderstand (6) angeordnet ist, der mit dem temperaturabhängigen Schaltglied (2) in thermischer Wechselwirkung steht, und wobei weiter eine erste Diode (7) vorgesehen ist, die nur während einer der beiden Stromflußrichtungen einen zur merklichen Erwärmung des Vorheizwiderstandes (6) ausreichenden Strom durch den Vorheizwiderstand (6) ermöglicht, wobei dieser Strom durch das Stellglied (3) schaltbar und/oder variierbar ist.Circuit arrangement for temperature control of heating devices operated with alternating current, in particular heating pads, heating blankets or the like, with a one-part or multi-part heating conductor (1), furthermore with a temperature-dependent switching element (2) connected in series and thermally coupled to the heating conductor (1) ), and with an actuator (3) for specifying the target temperature, characterized in that a preheating resistor (6) is arranged in the current path, which is in thermal interaction with the temperature-dependent switching element (2), and further A first diode (7) is provided, which enables a current through the preheating resistor (6) which is sufficient to noticeably heat the preheating resistor (6) only during one of the two current flow directions, this current being switchable and / or variable by the actuator (3) . Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorheizwiderstand (6) in Reihe zum Heizleiter (1) angeordnet und die erste Diode (7) dem Vorheizwiderstand (6) parallelgeschaltet ist.Circuit arrangement according to Claim 2, characterized in that the preheating resistor (6) is arranged in series with the heating conductor (1) and the first diode (7) is connected in parallel with the preheating resistor (6). Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorheizwiderstand (6) hochohmiger ist als der Heizleiter (1).Circuit arrangement according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the preheating resistor (6) has a higher resistance than the heating conductor (1). Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Widerstandswert des Vorheizwiderstandes (6) etwa zwanzigfach größer ist als der des Heizleiters (1).Circuit arrangement according to Claim 4, characterized in that the resistance value of the preheating resistor (6) is approximately twenty times greater than that of the heating conductor (1). Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied (3) von einer in gleicher Flußrichtung wie die erste Diode (7) geschalteten zweiten Diode (8) sowie einem die zweite Diode (8) überbrückenden Schalter (9) gebildet ist.Circuit arrangement according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the actuator (3) is formed by a second diode (8) connected in the same direction of flow as the first diode (7) and a switch (9) bridging the second diode (8) is. Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied (3) von einer zweiten Diode (8) sowie einem die zweite Diode (8) überbrückenden, veränderbaren Widerstand (10) gebildet ist.Circuit arrangement according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the actuator (3) is formed by a second diode (8) and a variable resistor (10) bridging the second diode (8). Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Heizleiter (1) von einer Doppelkordel gebildet ist, wobei der Vorheizwiderstand (6) und das Schaltglied (2) zwischen den beiden Heizleiterwicklungen der Doppelkordel angeschlossen sind.Circuit arrangement according to one of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the heating conductor (1) is formed by a double cord, the preheating resistor (6) and the switching element (2) being connected between the two heating conductor windings of the double cord. Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schaltglied (2) von einem Bimetall-Schalter gebildet ist.Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the switching element (2) is formed by a bimetal switch.
EP94104875A 1993-05-10 1994-03-28 Method and circuit for controling the temperature of AC operated heating apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0629103B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4315488A DE4315488C2 (en) 1993-05-10 1993-05-10 Method and circuit arrangement for temperature control of heating devices operated with alternating current
DE4315488 1993-05-10

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EP0629103A2 true EP0629103A2 (en) 1994-12-14
EP0629103A3 EP0629103A3 (en) 1995-01-11
EP0629103B1 EP0629103B1 (en) 1997-09-10

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EP94104875A Expired - Lifetime EP0629103B1 (en) 1993-05-10 1994-03-28 Method and circuit for controling the temperature of AC operated heating apparatus

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AT (1) ATE158133T1 (en)
DE (1) DE4315488C2 (en)
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2116889A1 (en) * 1995-07-28 1998-07-16 Especialidades Electricas Daga Device for controlling the temperature in electric cushions, blankets, bed-warmers and the like.
US6363731B1 (en) 1999-09-09 2002-04-02 Daimlerchrysler Ag System for extracting a liquid from a gas stream
EP1443805A2 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-04 Beurer GmbH & Co. Flexible heating apparatus

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10203197A1 (en) * 2002-01-25 2003-08-07 Beurer Gmbh & Co Electrically heated heating device with a flexible radiator

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US4245149A (en) * 1979-04-10 1981-01-13 Fairlie Ian F Heating system for chairs
WO1984003601A1 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-13 Per Wesseltoft Temperature control for a bed heater
JPS59212925A (en) * 1983-05-18 1984-12-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Heating device

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DE4108725A1 (en) * 1991-03-18 1992-09-24 Inter Control Koehler Hermann Thermal switching unit for electrical heater - has regulator and switching stage based upon bimetallic disc elements

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US4245149A (en) * 1979-04-10 1981-01-13 Fairlie Ian F Heating system for chairs
WO1984003601A1 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-13 Per Wesseltoft Temperature control for a bed heater
JPS59212925A (en) * 1983-05-18 1984-12-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Heating device

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2116889A1 (en) * 1995-07-28 1998-07-16 Especialidades Electricas Daga Device for controlling the temperature in electric cushions, blankets, bed-warmers and the like.
US6363731B1 (en) 1999-09-09 2002-04-02 Daimlerchrysler Ag System for extracting a liquid from a gas stream
EP1443805A2 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-04 Beurer GmbH & Co. Flexible heating apparatus
EP1443805A3 (en) * 2003-01-23 2007-09-12 Beurer GmbH & Co. Flexible heating apparatus

Also Published As

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EP0629103B1 (en) 1997-09-10
DK0629103T3 (en) 1998-04-20
EP0629103A3 (en) 1995-01-11
ATE158133T1 (en) 1997-09-15
ES2106395T3 (en) 1997-11-01
DE4315488A1 (en) 1994-11-17
DE4315488C2 (en) 1998-02-12

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