EP0613325A2 - Tubular heating element with shape-changing, pretensioned protection element - Google Patents
Tubular heating element with shape-changing, pretensioned protection element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0613325A2 EP0613325A2 EP94108393A EP94108393A EP0613325A2 EP 0613325 A2 EP0613325 A2 EP 0613325A2 EP 94108393 A EP94108393 A EP 94108393A EP 94108393 A EP94108393 A EP 94108393A EP 0613325 A2 EP0613325 A2 EP 0613325A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- tubular
- tubular heating
- rod
- securing element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/02—Details
- H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
- H01H37/46—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to expansion or contraction of a solid
- H01H37/48—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to expansion or contraction of a solid with extensible rigid rods or tubes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
- H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0202—Switches
- H05B1/0205—Switches using a fusible material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
- H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
- H01H2037/762—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/02—Details
- H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
- H01H37/323—Thermally-sensitive members making use of shape memory materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/02—Details
- H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
- H01H37/36—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to expansion or contraction of a fluid with or without vaporisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/02—Details
- H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
- H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
- H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tubular heating element, the end of which has a cavity inside a casing tube, which receives a securing element, a switching device being provided which is triggered by the securing element when a certain temperature is reached.
- a tubular heater of the type mentioned in the introduction is apparent, in which the jacket tube is made, for example, of copper.
- An actuating element is inserted into one end of the tubular heating element and is firmly connected to the tubular casing of the tubular heating element.
- the actuating element is made of a material whose coefficient of linear expansion is smaller than the coefficient of linear expansion of the tubular casing.
- This known tubular heater is switched off in that the jacket tube expands when heated.
- the actuating element is pulled along by the fixed connection between the actuating element and the casing tube. Since the actuating element has a coefficient of linear expansion which is smaller than the coefficient of linear expansion of the jacket tube, the actuator can no longer compensate for the expansion movement of the jacket tube and is therefore pulled away from the switching device.
- the triggering of the switching device only works if it is ensured that the length of the casing tube is greater than the length of the actuating element. If approaches, such as lime, are deposited on the jacket pipe during operation of the tubular heater, the linear expansion capacity of the jacket pipe can be impaired, so that shutdown does not occur despite overheating.
- a tubular heater with a heating coil made of resistance wire is also known, which is embedded in insulating material and housed in a jacket tube.
- a piece of pipe is inserted, which is insulated from the jacket pipe and in which an overheating protection in the form of a PTC element, a heat sensor, a fuse or a thermostat is accommodated.
- the pipe section is connected to the heating coil in direct heat conduction.
- the overheating protection is interchangeably inserted into the pipe section from the outside.
- a fuse element in the form of a fuse, a thermostat or a heat sensor in the tubular heater has the advantage that there is a direct heat flow to the heating coil, so that an increase in temperature thereof reaches the fuse element very quickly.
- the associated area of the casing tube no longer calcifies when water is heated, so that a defined heat flow and, accordingly, a defined response of the securing element is achieved regardless of the other degree of calcification of the tubular heating element.
- thermostats that can be accommodated in the limited space of a few millimeters in diameter in the tubular radiator end, but which nevertheless ensure a safe switching operation at the operating voltage in general of 220 volts.
- fuses have prevailed in practice.
- these have the disadvantage that a safe shutdown of the tubular heating element is not guaranteed if the fuse fuse melts, since the melted ends of the fuse may still have contact with one another.
- the invention has for its object to provide a tubular heater of the type mentioned, which is safely switched off in spite of a cramped space in the jacket pipe end before the occurrence of overheating.
- the present invention ensures that regardless of deposits, the linear expansion capability of the jacket tube and the like, a reliable shutdown is ensured by the fact that the securing element is independent of the jacket tube in the end of the jacket tube is inserted.
- the switch-off behavior of the fuse element is therefore completely independent of the other components of the tubular heater.
- an independent arrangement of the securing element in the jacket tube enables tubular radiators with a very small diameter to be produced, since the heating coil can extend linearly from one jacket tube end to the other.
- a loop-shaped laying of the heating coil as is absolutely the case with the known tubular heating element, can be omitted.
- the fuse element biased in the switch-off direction ensures that after a triggering of the fuse no further current flow can flow through the two molten ends of the fuse element, so that further operation of the tubular heating element is excluded.
- the proposed solution can be arranged both in one and both ends of the tubular heating element and / or, if appropriate, can also act on a main switch located outside the tubular heating element to switch off both tubular heating element ends.
- the securing element and the switching device can consist of a rod pretensioned by means of a spring force and a soldered connection that melts at the response temperature.
- the rod and the soldered connection are switched on in the line for the power supply to the heating coil of the tubular heater.
- the solder joint melts, so that the power supply to the heating coil is interrupted.
- the pretensioned rod is pulled away from the soldered connection, so that it is ensured that the ends of the soldered connection are not in contact with one another or are at such a small distance that a rollover is possible.
- the solder connection should be arranged in the unheated end of the jacket tube. It can be connected to the heating coil directly or via an intermediate connection.
- the spring force provided for pretensioning the rod can be exerted either by an elastic ball through which the rod is guided and which is supported on an insulating bead that closes the tubular heating element, or by a coil spring which is arranged concentrically around the rod and which also adjusts itself which supports the insulating bead that closes the tubular heater.
- a coil spring which is arranged concentrically around the rod and which also adjusts itself which supports the insulating bead that closes the tubular heater.
- an electric tubular heating element consists of a jacket tube 1, in which a heating coil 2 made of resistance wire is embedded in insulating material 3 and is electrically insulated from the jacket tube 1.
- a heating coil 2 made of resistance wire is embedded in insulating material 3 and is electrically insulated from the jacket tube 1.
- a cylindrical electrical metal body 36 In the end region 1 a of the tubular heating element, which is no longer heated by the heating coil 2, there is a cylindrical electrical metal body 36, likewise insulated from the casing tube 1, with a conical end piece pointing towards the heating coil 2, to which the heating coil 2 is welded.
- a rod 38 leading to the outside is soldered to the front end of the metal body 36 facing the tubular heating element end by means of a solder connection 37.
- the rod 38 is guided through the inner bore of an insulating bead 40 which closes the tubular heating element.
- the insulating bead 40 is recessed in a trough-like manner on its front side, so that it can receive a spherical rubber element 39 which is held in the compressed state by a washer 38a spread out on the rod 38.
- the rod 38 is used to supply power to the heating coil 2. If, due to an excess temperature, for example when a temperature of 150 ° C. is exceeded, the solder joint 37 tears open, the elastic ball 39 relaxes, so that the rod 38 is pulled away from the metal body 36 and the Power supply to the heating coil 2 is safely interrupted, as shown in Figure 1.
- the rubber ball 39 is replaced by a helical spring 41 which is accommodated in a housing 42 which consists of two box-shaped parts sliding into one another.
- the mode of operation is otherwise the same as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- both connections of the tubular heater are switched off when the switching device responds. If the overheating is due to a burning through of the tubular heating element, ie through an arcing between the heating coil 2 and the tubular heating element, the arc continues to burn when voltage is supplied from the other connection of the tubular heating element. This also means that the water filling of the device is under tension with the corresponding dangers for the operator.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Rohrheizkörper, dessen Ende innerhalb eines Mantelrohres einen Hohlraum besitzt, welcher ein Sicherungselement aufnimmt, wobei eine Schalteinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die bei Erreichen einer bestimmten Temperatur durch das Sicherungselement ausgelöst wird.The invention relates to a tubular heating element, the end of which has a cavity inside a casing tube, which receives a securing element, a switching device being provided which is triggered by the securing element when a certain temperature is reached.
Aus der US-Patentschrift 3,746,838 geht ein Rohrheizkörper der eingangs genannten Art hervor, bei dem das Mantelrohr beispielsweise aus Kupfer gefertigt ist. In das eine Ende des Rohrheizkörpers ist ein Betätigungselement eingesetzt, welches fest mit dem Mantelrohr des Rohrheizkörpers verbunden ist. Das Betätigungselement ist aus einem Material hergestellt, dessen Längenausdehnungskoeffizient kleiner ist als der Längenausdehnungskoeffizient des Mantelrohres.From US Pat. No. 3,746,838, a tubular heater of the type mentioned in the introduction is apparent, in which the jacket tube is made, for example, of copper. An actuating element is inserted into one end of the tubular heating element and is firmly connected to the tubular casing of the tubular heating element. The actuating element is made of a material whose coefficient of linear expansion is smaller than the coefficient of linear expansion of the tubular casing.
Dieser bekannte Rohrheizkörper wird dadurch abgeschaltet, daß sich das Mantelrohr bei Erwärmung ausdehnt. Hierbei wird durch die feste Verbindung zwischen dem Betätigungselement und dem Mantelrohr das Betätigungselement mitgezogen. Da das Betätigungselement einen Längenausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweist, der kleiner ist als der Längenausdehnungskoeffizient des Mantelrohres, kann das Betätigungselement die Ausdehnungsbewegung des Mantelrohres nicht mehr ausgleichen und wird deshalb von der Schalteinrichtung weggezogen.This known tubular heater is switched off in that the jacket tube expands when heated. Here, the actuating element is pulled along by the fixed connection between the actuating element and the casing tube. Since the actuating element has a coefficient of linear expansion which is smaller than the coefficient of linear expansion of the jacket tube, the actuator can no longer compensate for the expansion movement of the jacket tube and is therefore pulled away from the switching device.
Hierbei erweist es sich als nachteilig, daß die Auslösung der Schalteinrichtung nur dann funktioniert, wenn sichergestellt ist, daß die Längenausdehnung des Mantelrohres größer ist als die Längenausdehnung des Betätigungselementes. Lagern sich während des Betriebes des Rohrheizkörpers auf dem Mantelrohr Ansätze, wie beispielsweise Kalk, ab, so kann die Längenausdehnungsfähigkeit des Mantelrohres hierdurch beeinträchtigt sein, so daß eine Abschaltung trotz Überhitzung nicht eintritt.It proves to be disadvantageous that the triggering of the switching device only works if it is ensured that the length of the casing tube is greater than the length of the actuating element. If approaches, such as lime, are deposited on the jacket pipe during operation of the tubular heater, the linear expansion capacity of the jacket pipe can be impaired, so that shutdown does not occur despite overheating.
Darüber hinaus ist es durch die feste Verbindung des Betätigungselementes mit dem Mantelrohr notwendig, die Heizwendel in einer Schleife in dem Mantelrohr zu verlegen, da nur an dem anderen, nicht mit dem Betätigungselement versehenen Ende des Rohrheizkörpers die elektrischen Anschlußelemente zu der Heizwendel geführt werden können. Hierdurch besteht nicht die Möglichkeit, Rohrheizkörper mit einem verhältnismäßig kleinen Durchmesser zu bauen, da die beiden Schenkel der schlaufenförmig verlegten Heizwendel einen ausreichenden Abstand sowohl zueinander als auch zur Innenumfangswand des Mantelrohres aufweisen müssen.In addition, due to the fixed connection of the actuating element to the jacket tube, it is necessary to lay the heating coil in a loop in the jacket tube, since the electrical connection elements can be guided to the heating coil only at the other end of the tubular heater which is not provided with the actuating element. As a result, there is no possibility of building tubular heaters with a relatively small diameter, since the two legs of the loop-shaped heating coil must have a sufficient distance both from one another and from the inner circumferential wall of the casing tube.
Aus der EP 0 086 465 B1 ist weiterhin ein Rohrheizkörper mit einer Heizwendel aus Widerstandsdraht bekannt geworden, welche in Isoliermaterial eingebettet in einem Mantelrohr untergebracht ist. In das Mantelrohrende ist ein Rohrstück eingesetzt, das gegenüber dem Mantelrohr isoliert ist und in dem ein Überhitzungsschutz in Form eines PTC-Elementes, eines Wärmefühlers, einer Schmelzsicherung oder eines Thermostaten untergebracht ist. Das Rohrstück ist in unmittelbarer Wärmeleitung mit der Heizwendel verbunden. Der Überhitzungsschutz ist in das Rohrstück von außen auswechselbar eingeschoben.From EP 0 086 465 B1 a tubular heater with a heating coil made of resistance wire is also known, which is embedded in insulating material and housed in a jacket tube. In the jacket pipe end, a piece of pipe is inserted, which is insulated from the jacket pipe and in which an overheating protection in the form of a PTC element, a heat sensor, a fuse or a thermostat is accommodated. The pipe section is connected to the heating coil in direct heat conduction. The overheating protection is interchangeably inserted into the pipe section from the outside.
Die Unterbringung eines Sicherungselementes in Form einer Schmelzsicherung, eines Thermostaten oder eines Wärmefühlers im Rohrheizkörper hat den Vorteil, daß ein direkter Wärmefluß zur Heizwendel besteht, so daß eine Temperaturerhöhung derselben sehr rasch das Sicherungselement erreicht.The accommodation of a fuse element in the form of a fuse, a thermostat or a heat sensor in the tubular heater has the advantage that there is a direct heat flow to the heating coil, so that an increase in temperature thereof reaches the fuse element very quickly.
Da das Sicherungselement außerhalb des beheizten Teiles des Rohrheizkörpers liegt, verkalkt der zugeordnete Bereich des Mantelrohres bei einer Wassererhitzung nicht mehr, so daß unabhängig vom sonstigen Verkalkungsgrad des Rohrheizkörpers ein definierter Wärmeabfluß und dementsprechend ein definiertes Ansprechen des Sicherungselementes erreicht wird.Since the securing element lies outside the heated part of the tubular heating element, the associated area of the casing tube no longer calcifies when water is heated, so that a defined heat flow and, accordingly, a defined response of the securing element is achieved regardless of the other degree of calcification of the tubular heating element.
Es ist jedoch schwierig, Sicherungselemente wie z. B. Thermostaten zu konstruieren, die in dem begrenzten Raum von wenigen Millimetern Durchmesser im Rohrheizkörperende untergebracht werden können, die jedoch trotzdem einen sicheren Schaltvorgang bei der Betriebsspannung im allgemeinen von 220 Volt gewährleisten. In der Praxis haben sich bisher dementsprechend nur Schmelzsicherungen durchgesetzt. Diese haben jedoch den Nachteil, daß bei einem Durchschmelzen der Schmelzsicherung eine sichere Abschaltung des Rohrheizkörpers nicht gewährleistet ist, da die geschmolzenen Enden der Schmelzsicherung möglicherweise noch Kontakt miteinander haben können.However, it is difficult to secure elements such. B. to construct thermostats that can be accommodated in the limited space of a few millimeters in diameter in the tubular radiator end, but which nevertheless ensure a safe switching operation at the operating voltage in general of 220 volts. In practice, only fuses have prevailed in practice. However, these have the disadvantage that a safe shutdown of the tubular heating element is not guaranteed if the fuse fuse melts, since the melted ends of the fuse may still have contact with one another.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Rohrheizkörper der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der trotz eines beengten Bauraumes im Mantelrohrende vor dem Eintreten einer Überhitzung sicher abgeschaltet wird.The invention has for its object to provide a tubular heater of the type mentioned, which is safely switched off in spite of a cramped space in the jacket pipe end before the occurrence of overheating.
Die vorstehende Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.The above object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Im Gegensatz zu dem aus der US-Patentschrift 3,746,838 bekannten Rohrheizkörper, stellt die vorliegende Erfindung sicher, daß unabhängig von Ablagerungen, der Längenausdehnungsfähigkeit des Mantelrohres und dergleichen mehr eine zuverlässige Abschaltung dadurch sichergestellt ist, daß das Sicherungselement unabhängig von dem Mantelrohr in das Ende des Mantelrohres eingesetzt ist. Das Abschaltverhalten des Sicherungselementes ist damit völlig unabhängig von den anderen Bauteilen des Rohrheizkörpers. Außerdem wird durch eine unabhängige Anordnung des Sicherungselementes im Mantelrohr ermöglicht, daß Rohrheizkörper mit sehr kleinem Durchmesser hergestellt werden können, da die Heizwendel sich von einem Mantelrohrende zu dem anderen linienförmig erstrecken kann. Eine schlaufenförmige Verlegung der Heizwendel, wie dies bei dem bekannten Rohrheizkörper zwingend der Fall ist, kann unterbleiben. Darüber hinaus wird durch das in Abschaltrichtung vorgespannte Sicherungselement gewährleistet, daß nach einem Auslösen der Sicherung kein weiterer Stromfluß mehr durch die beiden geschmolzenen Enden des Sicherungselementes fließen kann, so daß ein weiterer Betrieb des Rohrheizkörpers ausgeschlossen ist. Es ist darauf hinzuweisen, daß die vorgeschlagene Lösung sowohl in einem als auch beiden Enden des Rohrheizkörpers angeordnet sein kann und/oder gegebenenfalls auch noch auf einen außerhalb des Rohrheizkörpers liegenden Hauptschalter zum Abschalten beider Rohrheizkörperenden einwirken kann.In contrast to the tubular heater known from US Pat. No. 3,746,838, the present invention ensures that regardless of deposits, the linear expansion capability of the jacket tube and the like, a reliable shutdown is ensured by the fact that the securing element is independent of the jacket tube in the end of the jacket tube is inserted. The switch-off behavior of the fuse element is therefore completely independent of the other components of the tubular heater. In addition, an independent arrangement of the securing element in the jacket tube enables tubular radiators with a very small diameter to be produced, since the heating coil can extend linearly from one jacket tube end to the other. A loop-shaped laying of the heating coil, as is absolutely the case with the known tubular heating element, can be omitted. In addition, it is ensured by the fuse element biased in the switch-off direction that after a triggering of the fuse no further current flow can flow through the two molten ends of the fuse element, so that further operation of the tubular heating element is excluded. It should be pointed out that the proposed solution can be arranged both in one and both ends of the tubular heating element and / or, if appropriate, can also act on a main switch located outside the tubular heating element to switch off both tubular heating element ends.
Das Sicherungselement und die Schalteinrichtung können aus einem mittels einer Federkraft vorgespannten Stab und einer bei der Ansprechtemperatur schmelzenden Lötverbindung bestehen. Der Stab und die Lötverbindung sind in den Leitungsverlauf zur Stromversorgung der Heizwendel des Rohrheizkörpers eingeschaltet. Beim Überschreiten einer vorgesehenen Temperatur schmilzt die Lötverbindung, so daß die Stromversorgung der Heizwendel unterbrochen wird. Dabei wird der vorgespannte Stab von der Lötverbindung weggezogen, so daß sichergestellt ist, daß die Enden der Lötverbindung keinen Kontakt zueinander haben bzw. einen so geringen Abstand aufweisen, daß ein Überschlag möglich ist. Die Lötverbindung sollte hierbei im unbeheizten Ende des Mantelrohres angeordnet sein. Sie kann direkt oder über eine Zwischenverbindung mit der Heizwendel in Verbindung stehen.The securing element and the switching device can consist of a rod pretensioned by means of a spring force and a soldered connection that melts at the response temperature. The rod and the soldered connection are switched on in the line for the power supply to the heating coil of the tubular heater. When a specified temperature is exceeded, the solder joint melts, so that the power supply to the heating coil is interrupted. The pretensioned rod is pulled away from the soldered connection, so that it is ensured that the ends of the soldered connection are not in contact with one another or are at such a small distance that a rollover is possible. The solder connection should be arranged in the unheated end of the jacket tube. It can be connected to the heating coil directly or via an intermediate connection.
Die zur Vorspannung des Stabes vorgesehene Federkraft kann einmal durch eine elastische Kugel, durch welche der Stab hindurchgeführt ist und die sich an einer den Rohrheizkörper abschließenden Isolierperle abstützt, oder durch eine Schraubenfeder ausgeübt werden, die konzentrisch um den Stab angeordnet ist und die sich ebenfalls an der den Rohrheizkörper abschließenden Isolierperle abstützt. Selbstverständlich kann sowohl die elastische Kugel als auch die Schraubenfeder an einer anderen geeigneten Abstützung anliegen.The spring force provided for pretensioning the rod can be exerted either by an elastic ball through which the rod is guided and which is supported on an insulating bead that closes the tubular heating element, or by a coil spring which is arranged concentrically around the rod and which also adjusts itself which supports the insulating bead that closes the tubular heater. Of course you can both the elastic ball and the coil spring rest on another suitable support.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sowie Ausführungsbeispiele werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- eine Ausführungsform mit einer bei Schmelztemperatur ansprechenden Lötverbindung;
- Fig. 2
- die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 nach Ansprechen des Sicherungselementes und Aufreißen der Lötverbindung;
- Fig. 3 u. 4
- eine gegenüber den Fig. 1 und 2 abgewandelte Ausführungsform.
- Fig. 1
- an embodiment with a soldering connection responsive at the melting temperature;
- Fig. 2
- the embodiment of Figure 1 after response of the fuse element and tearing the soldered connection.
- Fig. 3 u. 4th
- an embodiment compared to FIGS. 1 and 2.
Wie aus den Figuren 1 und 2 hervorgeht, besteht ein elektrischer Rohrheizkörper aus einem Mantelrohr 1, in welchem eine Heizwendel 2 aus Widerstandsdraht in Isoliermaterial 3 eingebettet untergebracht und gegenüber dem Mantelrohr 1 elektrisch isoliert ist. In dem von der Heizwendel 2 nicht mehr beheizten Endbereich 1a des Rohrheizkörpers ist ein zylindrischer, gegenüber dem Mantelrohr 1 ebenfalls isolierter elektrischer Metallkörper 36 mit einem zur Heizwendel 2 weisenden konischen Endstück angeordnet, an welchem die Heizwendel 2 angeschweißt ist.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, an electric tubular heating element consists of a jacket tube 1, in which a
Da der Endbereich 1a des Mantelrohres 1 von der Heizwendel 2 nicht mehr beheizt wird, kann er auch nicht verkalken, so daß sich ein über die gesamte Betriebsdauer des Rohrheizkörpers konstanter Wärmeabfluß von der Heizwendel 2 über die Schweißverbindung an dem konischen Ende zu dem Metallkörper 36 und konzentrisch durch das Isoliermaterial 3 auf den unbeheizten Bereich 1a ergibt. Dieser Wärmefluß bleibt unabhängig davon, in welcher Lage der Rohrheizkörper eingebaut wird, immer derselbe und zwar aufgrund des konzentrischen Wärmeabflusses. Es stellt sich dementsprechend in dem unbeheizten Endbereich 1a eine bei Normalbetrieb konstante Temperatur ein.Since the
An die vordere, zum Rohrheizkörperende weisende Stirnseite des Metallkörpers 36 ist mittels einer Lötverbindung 37 ein nach außen führender Stab 38 angelötet. Der Stab 38 ist durch die Innenbohrung einer den Rohrheizkörper abschließenden Isolierperle 40 geführt. Die Isolierperle 40 ist an ihrer Vorderseite muldenartig vertieft, so daß sie ein kugelförmiges Kautschukelement 39 aufnehmen kann, welches im zusammengepreßten Zustand durch eine auf den Stab 38 aufgespreizte Scheibe 38a gehalten wird. Der Stab 38 dient der Stromzuführung zur Heizwendel 2. Wenn infolge einer Übertemperatur, zum Beispiel bei Überschreiten einer Temperatur von 150° C, die Lötverbindung 37 aufreißt, entspannt sich die elastische Kugel 39, so daß der Stab 38 von dem Metallkörper 36 weggezogen und die Stromzufuhr zur Heizwendel 2 sicher unterbrochen wird, wie dies in Figur 1 dargestellt ist.A
Bei der in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellten weiteren Ausführungsform ist die Kautschukkugel 39 durch eine Schraubenfeder 41 ersetzt, welche in einem Gehäuse 42 untergebracht ist, das aus zwei ineinandergleitenden schachtelförmigen Teilen besteht. Die Wirkungsweise ist ansonsten die gleiche wie bei der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 1 und 2.In the further embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the
Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn beide Anschlüsse des Rohrheizkörpers bei Ansprechen der Schalteinrichtung abgeschaltet werden. Ist nämlich die Überhitzung auf ein Durchbrennen des Rohrheizkörpers zurückzuführen, d. h. durch eine Lichtbogenbildung zwischen der Heizwendel 2 und dem Rohrheizkörper, dann brennt der Lichtbogen weiter, wenn von dem anderen Anschluß des Rohrheizkörpers Spnnung zugeführt wird. Dies bedeutet auch, daß die Wasserfüllung des Gerätes unter Spannung steht mit den entsprechenden Gefahren für die Bedienungsperson.It is expedient if both connections of the tubular heater are switched off when the switching device responds. If the overheating is due to a burning through of the tubular heating element, ie through an arcing between the
Insbesondere bei Rohrheizkörpern, welche mit Drehstrom betrieben werden, sollten zweckmäßigerweise sämtliche Anschlüsse abgeschaltet werden, wenn die Schalteinrichtung anspricht.Particularly in the case of tubular heaters which are operated with three-phase current, all connections should expediently be switched off when the switching device responds.
Claims (4)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Sicherungselement (36, 37, 38) unabhängig von dem Mantelrohr (1) in das Ende (1a) des Mantelrohres (1) eingesetzt ist und daß die Schalteinrichtung bei Erreichen der bestimmten Temperatur durch die Änderung der Form des in Richtung eines Abschaltens vorgespannten Sicherungselementes (36, 37, 38) ausgelöst wird.Tubular heating element, the end (1a) of which has a cavity within a casing tube (1), which receives a securing element (36, 37, 38), a switching device being provided which, when a certain temperature is reached by the securing element (36, 37, 38 ) is triggered
characterized,
that the securing element (36, 37, 38) is inserted independently of the casing tube (1) into the end (1a) of the casing tube (1) and that the switching device is prestressed in the direction of switching off when the certain temperature is reached by changing the shape Securing element (36, 37, 38) is triggered.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Sicherungselement aus einem mittels einer Federkraft vorgespannten Stab (38) und einer bei der Ansprechtemperatur schmelzenden Lötverbindung (37) besteht, wobei der Stab (38) und die Lötverbindung (37) in den Leitungsverlauf zur Stromversorgung der Heizwendel (2) des Rohrheizkörpers eingeschaltet sind und wobei beim Schmelzen der Lötverbindung (37) die Stromversorgung der Heinzwendel (2) unterbrochen wird.Tubular heating element according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the securing element consists of a rod (38) pretensioned by means of a spring force and a soldered connection (37) melting at the response temperature, the rod (38) and the soldered connection (37) being switched on in the line course for supplying power to the heating coil (2) of the tubular heater are and the power supply to the Heinzwendel (2) is interrupted when the solder connection (37) melts.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Federkraft von einer elastischen Kugel (39) ausgeübt wird, durch welche der Stab (38) hindurchgeführt ist und die sich an einer den Rohrheizkörper abschließenden Isolierperle (40) abstützt.Tubular heating element according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the spring force is exerted by an elastic ball (39) through which the rod (38) is guided and which is supported on an insulating bead (40) which closes off the tubular heating element.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Federkraft von einer Schraubenfeder (41) ausgeübt wird, die konzentrisch um den Stab (38) angeordnet ist.Tubular heating element according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the spring force is exerted by a helical spring (41) which is arranged concentrically around the rod (38).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8715851U DE8715851U1 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1987-11-30 | Tubular heaters with an overload protection |
DE8715851U | 1987-11-30 | ||
EP88119802A EP0318895B1 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1988-11-28 | Tubular heating element |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88119802.2 Division | 1988-11-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0613325A2 true EP0613325A2 (en) | 1994-08-31 |
EP0613325A3 EP0613325A3 (en) | 1994-11-23 |
Family
ID=6814617
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19940108393 Withdrawn EP0613325A3 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1988-11-28 | Tubular heating element with shape-changing, pretensioned protection element. |
EP88119802A Revoked EP0318895B1 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1988-11-28 | Tubular heating element |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88119802A Revoked EP0318895B1 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1988-11-28 | Tubular heating element |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5020128A (en) |
EP (2) | EP0613325A3 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE127309T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE8715851U1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0318895A2 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1989-06-07 | Elpag Ag Chur | Tubular heating element |
EP0793248A3 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 1998-11-25 | I.R.C.A. S.p.A. INDUSTRIA RESISTENZE CORAZZATE E AFFINI | Safety fuse, in particular for armoured electrical resistance elements |
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DE3843154C2 (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1995-07-20 | Felten & Guilleaume Energie | Tripping device for switchgear and switchgear in the medium voltage range |
DE4014753A1 (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1991-11-14 | Elpag Ag Chur | PIPE RADIATOR WITH FUSE |
GB9113581D0 (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1991-08-14 | Sheathed Heating Elements Ltd | Electric element assembly |
FR2681496A1 (en) * | 1991-09-17 | 1993-03-19 | Vulcanic | Shielded heating elements with electrical supply and method of manufacture of such elements |
GB9205159D0 (en) * | 1992-03-10 | 1992-04-22 | Otter Controls Ltd | Improvements relating to electrically powered immersion heating elements and controls thereof |
DE4233676A1 (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-14 | Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer | Electric radiator for media, especially flow heaters |
AU665459B2 (en) * | 1992-10-30 | 1996-01-04 | Black & Decker Incorporated | A control arrangement for immersion liquid heaters |
GB2272139A (en) * | 1992-10-30 | 1994-05-04 | Black & Decker Inc | Control of electric immersion heaters |
DE29707829U1 (en) * | 1997-05-01 | 1997-07-10 | Tovarna Elektrotermicnih Aparatov Eta Cerkno D.O.O., Cerkno | Tubular heating element with built-in overheating protection |
US6061500A (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-05-09 | Su; Wen-Hong | Electronic heater for an aquarium |
US6932753B1 (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2005-08-23 | Fort James Corporation | Food serving paperboard container pressing apparatus employing cast-in electrical heaters |
FR2803976B1 (en) * | 2000-01-13 | 2002-05-17 | Seb Sa | HEATING ELEMENT WITH INTEGRATION OF A THERMAL SAFETY DEVICE |
US7213541B2 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2007-05-08 | Lunaire Limited | Steam generating method and apparatus for simulation test chambers |
KR101186595B1 (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2012-09-27 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | coupling structure of steam generator in washing device |
US7702224B2 (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2010-04-20 | Elnar Joseph G | Snap ring fit spa heater element |
RU2516253C2 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2014-05-20 | Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Пиккерама" | Solid thermal heating block from refractory phosphate concrete |
KR102432371B1 (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2022-08-17 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Sheath heater |
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- 1988-11-28 EP EP19940108393 patent/EP0613325A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-11-28 AT AT88119802T patent/ATE127309T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-28 DE DE3854378T patent/DE3854378D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-28 EP EP88119802A patent/EP0318895B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1988-11-30 US US07/278,114 patent/US5020128A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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EP0318895A2 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1989-06-07 | Elpag Ag Chur | Tubular heating element |
EP0793248A3 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 1998-11-25 | I.R.C.A. S.p.A. INDUSTRIA RESISTENZE CORAZZATE E AFFINI | Safety fuse, in particular for armoured electrical resistance elements |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0318895B1 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
ATE127309T1 (en) | 1995-09-15 |
US5020128A (en) | 1991-05-28 |
DE8715851U1 (en) | 1988-02-18 |
EP0613325A3 (en) | 1994-11-23 |
DE3854378D1 (en) | 1995-10-05 |
EP0318895A2 (en) | 1989-06-07 |
EP0318895A3 (en) | 1990-08-08 |
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