EP0610488B1 - Procede et dispositif de sechage de futs industriels - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de sechage de futs industriels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0610488B1
EP0610488B1 EP93919267A EP93919267A EP0610488B1 EP 0610488 B1 EP0610488 B1 EP 0610488B1 EP 93919267 A EP93919267 A EP 93919267A EP 93919267 A EP93919267 A EP 93919267A EP 0610488 B1 EP0610488 B1 EP 0610488B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow body
vacuum
suction nozzle
drying
hollow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93919267A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0610488A1 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Neubauer
Peter Hauschka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aichelin GmbH Germany
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Aichelin GmbH Germany
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aichelin GmbH Germany filed Critical Aichelin GmbH Germany
Publication of EP0610488A1 publication Critical patent/EP0610488A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/006—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects the gas supply or exhaust being effected through hollow spaces or cores in the materials or objects, e.g. tubes, pipes, bottles

Definitions

  • the invention further relates to a device for drying hollow bodies which have an access opening and are arranged on an inclined support, in particular for drying washed industrial drums, with a receiving device for the hollow bodies and with a suction nozzle and a displacement device for introducing the suction nozzle into the access opening, that the end of the proboscis is at the lowest point in the hollow body.
  • a method and a device of the aforementioned type are known from SU-PS-423 530.
  • a typical industrial drum is a sheet steel drum with a diameter of approx. 560 mm and a height of 900 mm, which corresponds to a volume of approx. 220 1.
  • Such barrels are used to transport a wide variety of goods, for example also to transport organic liquids, i.e. Oils, paints, fuels and the like.
  • drying a drum of the type mentioned requires, for example, 5 kg of steam at a pressure of 12 bar, as a result of which a circulating air temperature of 180 ° C. can be achieved via a heat exchanger.
  • 0.05 kg of heating oil and a total of approximately 0.2 kW of electrical power per drum are used for the circulating air fans and blow-out devices.
  • a drum washing machine in which the drums are washed and dried in a position in which the drums are inclined.
  • the residual liquid remaining in the barrels is sucked off by means of a suction nozzle at the lowest point of the barrel cavity.
  • this is done overhead, i.e. the barrels are placed on the proboscis with the access opening facing downwards.
  • a thin tube is then unfolded from the side of the suction nozzle, which extends into the lowest position of the barrel cavity.
  • the known machine heating of the barrel is not provided.
  • the known machine has a nozzle for extracting air and steam from the machine, this nozzle only has the function of a chimney, because the machine is otherwise freely accessible from the side.
  • Large openings can be seen in the side walls of the machine, through which a frame extends, on which barrels can be brought into and removed from the interior of the machine. The openings are so dimensioned that the Load the machine from one side and unload it from the opposite side.
  • the known machine thus has the disadvantage that "drying" is only possible to the extent that the liquid runs down from the barrel through the downward-facing access opening of the barrel and is suctioned off by means of the suction nozzle, which is retracted from the bottom and unfolded to the side . Drying beyond this is neither intended nor possible.
  • a method for drying containers is known.
  • a probe is inserted into the container, which is designed in the manner of a flame thrower.
  • a flammable gas for example butane, propane or natural gas, is passed through the probe together with combustion air and ignited, so that the interior of the container is dried by the flame thus generated.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a method and a device of the type mentioned in such a way that hollow bodies, in particular industrial drums, can be dried with substantially less energy expenditure and at the same time the residual amount of moisture in the barrel is further reduced and a defined dew point setting is possible.
  • the proboscis first sucks off the entire amount of residual water from the slanted hollow body in a manner known per se, only a small amount remaining and the water drops adhering to the wall of the barrel remain.
  • the extracted amount of water in the hollow body is not evaporated, i.e. no heat is initially extracted from the hollow body wall or the floor.
  • the saturation vapor pressure of the remaining water falls below and the walls of the hollow body dry completely. In this way, approx. Two thirds of the remaining water flows directly into the vacuum pump, i.e. no evaporation energy has to be used for this amount of water.
  • the heated proboscis then evaporates only a third of the remaining water, which in conventional drums only leads to the required heating output of 0.5 kW. This evaporated remaining amount of water is then sucked off as water vapor via the vacuum pump. Heating the proboscis at the same time as the evacuation also reduces condensation.
  • the residual heat of the hollow body is basically used to evaporate the residual water inside the barrel.
  • the proboscis is heated to prevent it from cooling, since water droplets are also sucked away, evaporate in the tube and extract heat from the proboscis. Condensate would drip back into the barrel from an unheated proboscis after evacuation.
  • the proboscis is also heated to bring additional heat into the hollow body.
  • the drums are dried inside immediately after washing or painting - the drum is therefore in most cases at temperature. Vacuum drying makes it possible to largely utilize the barrel's storage heat. If necessary, the proboscis heater brings up some or all of the heat that may be missing, especially if the barrel is too cold or too cold.
  • the residual water vapor content and thus the dew point of the air in the cavity after the drying process can be set to a predetermined value.
  • a vacuum hood is placed on the hollow body.
  • the suction nozzle is attached to a vacuum hood which in the first position encloses the hollow body standing on the support in a pressure-tight manner and completely releases the hollow body in the second position.
  • the suction pipe provides a rinsing effect through the access opening of the hollow body during the evacuation.
  • the flush volume corresponds to the volume difference between the volumes of the hollow body and the vacuum hood.
  • An adjustable rinsing effect with dry air outside the hollow body is achieved depending on the design of the volume difference.
  • a rinsing effect of approx. 50 to 100% is aimed for.
  • the rinsing effect serves to further dry the air in the hollow body, which has the consequence that the dew point of the air in the hollow body is further reduced.
  • the rinsing effect of the suction pipe also causes a flushing out of the water vapor that arises from the fact that the on the inner wall of the Evaporate the adhering drops. This also reduces the evacuation times and the residual moisture remaining in the hollow body. It is also advantageous in this respect that the same rinsing effect as when evacuating, but now in the opposite direction, occurs during the re-ventilation via the suction pipe due to the larger volume of the vacuum hood. The residual moisture is reduced again.
  • a vacuum hood is placed on a plurality of hollow bodies or, in a further development of the device according to the invention, the vacuum hood encloses a plurality of hollow bodies in the first position.
  • This measure has the advantage that several hollow bodies can be dried at the same time with one movement of the vacuum hood.
  • the hollow bodies pass through a vacuum tunnel according to the method according to the invention, or suction proboscis are provided in the region of the vacuum tunnel through which the hollow bodies pass.
  • This measure has the advantage that a continuous drying of a large number of hollow bodies is possible.
  • the amount of residual liquid is sucked off by means of a vacuum pump.
  • This measure has the advantage that it is possible to work with only a single pump which simultaneously sucks off the residual liquid quantity and also adjusts the negative pressure.
  • the ratio of the volumes of the vacuum space or vacuum hood and hollow body is between 1.5 and 2.0.
  • dry air preferably dried compressed air, is used for re-ventilation.
  • This measure has the advantage that the residual water vapor content and thus the dew point of the air in the hollow body can be adjusted to a predetermined value after drying in the manner already described. For example, if evacuation is carried out to a value of 12 mbar and re-ventilated with dry air, which has a dew point of + 2 ° C at 8 bar, a dew point of the drum air of -5 ° C is set in the example of an industrial barrel mentioned. If you work with a final vacuum of 22 to 25 mbar, the dew point of the barrel air will be a maximum of + 5 ° C.
  • a particularly good effect is achieved when the proboscis has a valve for re-ventilation.
  • the inclined support forms an angle between 5 ° and 20 °, preferably 15 °, with the horizontal.
  • This measure has the advantage that, on the one hand, the amount of residual liquid can reliably collect at the lowest point of the hollow body and, on the other hand, in the case of hollow cylindrical hollow bodies, in particular industrial drums, the suction nozzle can be optimally introduced through the bunghole.
  • the vacuum pump is a water ring pump.
  • This measure has the advantage that liquid can also be drawn off via the vacuum pump without the need for a separate condenser.
  • Fig. 1 designates a device for drying industrial barrels of the type described at the outset.
  • the device 10 rests overall on a foundation 11.
  • a first wedge-shaped base 12 is first applied to the foundation 11, which includes an angle ⁇ of, for example, approximately 10 ° with the horizontal.
  • a metallic base plate 13 is located on the first wedge-shaped base 12.
  • a frame 14 is arranged on the base plate 13.
  • the frame 14 consists essentially of side frame legs 15 which are screwed at their lower end to the base plate 13 and from upper frame legs 16 which form an upper end of the frame frame 14 at the upper end of the side frame legs 15.
  • a lifting cylinder 17 is attached to the upper frame legs 16, the lifting rod 18 of which can be moved in a direction parallel to the lateral frame legs 15, as indicated by an arrow 19.
  • a second wedge-shaped base 20 is located above the base plate 13 within the frame 14 and is inclined to the base plate 13 by an angle ⁇ of, for example, 4.2 °.
  • the bases 12, 20 are inclined in the same direction, so that the inclination angles ⁇ and ⁇ add up and the surface of the second wedge-shaped base 20 thus assumes an inclination of, for example, approximately 15 ° to the horizontal.
  • a stop 21 can be located at the lower right end of the second wedge-shaped base 20 in FIG. 1.
  • a vacuum hood 30 which is open at the bottom is seated on the base plate 13.
  • the vacuum hood 30 has a hollow cylindrical wall 31 which is closed at its top by a cover plate 32. At the lower end of the hollow cylindrical wall 31, it runs out into an annular bottom flange 33.
  • the bottom flange 33 is provided with a seal 34, which is only indicated schematically and which sits tightly on a surface 35 of the bottom plate 13.
  • the interior of the vacuum hood 30, which has a volume V H is thus closed in a pressure-tight manner with respect to the outside world.
  • the vacuum hood 30 is provided on the hollow cylindrical wall 31 with rollers 37 which run on the lateral frame legs 15 or guides held by these. Since the lifting rod 18 is articulated at its lower end in a tab 38 of the cover plate 32 of the vacuum hood 30, the vacuum hood 30 can thus be moved up and down completely in the direction of the arrow 19. In the position shown in the figure, the vacuum hood 30 is in its lower end position, in which, as mentioned, the interior of the vacuum hood 30 is sealed pressure-tight. In the upper position, not shown in FIG. 1, however, the vacuum hood 30 is so far up that the entire space enclosed by it in the position shown is freely accessible. The frame 14 is therefore more than twice as high as the vacuum hood 30.
  • a suction nozzle 40 is rigidly attached to the cover plate 32 of the vacuum hood 30 by means of a seal 41.
  • the suction nozzle 40 has a vertical tube 42, the so-called "lance".
  • the tube 42 preferably merges into a flexible piece of hose 43 at its lower end.
  • the vertical pipe 42 is provided with a bend 44, to which a horizontal pipe section 45 connects.
  • the tube piece 45 is provided at its free end with a connecting flange 46.
  • a flexible line 47 can be connected to the flange 46.
  • the flexible line 47 leads to a stationary vacuum pump 48.
  • the vacuum pump can also be rigidly connected to the vacuum hood 30, in which case a rigid connection between the flange 46 and the vacuum pump 48 could be established.
  • a branch to a ventilation valve 49 is also arranged in the pipe section 45.
  • the ventilation valve 49 is connected to a line 50, via which dry air can be supplied.
  • a vertical heating rod 55 is also arranged in the proboscis 40.
  • the heating rod 55 extends over the entire length of the vertical tube 42 and the hose piece 43 and penetrates the elbow 44 at the upper end. There the heating rod 55 runs out into an electrical connection 56.
  • a line 57 leads from the connection 56 to a power supply 58, which is only indicated schematically.
  • the heating element 55 can also be heated with other media (for example with steam, hot water, etc.).
  • the heating element expediently consists of a tube with an end closed at the bottom and an inner lance which extends along the tube. If an annular gap is provided between the tube and the lance, the heating medium (steam, hot water, etc.) can be introduced through the inner lance and brought up again through the annular gap on the outer tube.
  • a drum 60 is arranged in the vacuum hood 30, the underside 61 of which stands on the second wedge-shaped base 20 and is held in a reference position at the bottom right in FIG. 1 by the stop 21.
  • a standard bung hole 63 is made in an upper side 62 of the barrel 60.
  • the hollow cylindrical wall of the barrel 60 is designated 64.
  • the barrel 60 Since the barrel 60 is inclined by approximately 15 ° to the horizontal, its interior, the volume of which is denoted by V F in FIG. 1, has next to the stop 21 its lowest point 71, at which a possible amount of residual liquid 70 (not shown to scale) ) collects.
  • This amount 70 is, for example, 0.1-0.3 l in the industrial barrel described.
  • the purpose of the device 10 is to remove the residual amount of liquid 70 from the barrel 60 and at the same time to dry the barrel 60 as well as possible.
  • the device 10 operates as follows:
  • the lifting cylinder 17 has drawn the lifting rod 18 upward and the vacuum hood 30 is located on the upper one, which is not shown in FIG. 1 End position in which the second wedge-shaped base is freely accessible.
  • the flexible line 47 can be designed so flexible that it bridges the stroke of the vacuum hood 30, but the flexible line 47 can also be disconnected in the raised state of the vacuum hood 30, and then be connected again in the lowered state of the vacuum hood 30. If the vacuum pump 48 also travels with the vacuum hood 30, the flexible line 47 can, as mentioned, also be replaced by a rigid line.
  • a drum 60 to be dried is now placed on the second wedge-shaped base 20.
  • This can be done by hand or using a conventional automated handling device.
  • a plurality of devices 10 in the manner of a carousel can be arranged on a common chassis in order to load or unload the barrels 60 into the devices 10 one after the other, the entire drying process, for example, taking place during the rotation of such a carousel can.
  • the heating element 55 is put into operation, for example with the power supply 58 already mentioned, so that the heating element 55 is heated up, for example with the heating power of approx. 0.5 kW already mentioned.
  • the air Since the air is sucked out through the suction nozzle 40, which opens into the barrel 60, the air, which is located in the vacuum hood 30 outside the barrel 60, flows into the barrel through the bunghole 63, in order to then also be sucked off. Since the air outside the barrel 60 is dry air, a purge effect is created in which the moist air present in the barrel 60 is gradually replaced by the drier air.
  • the ratio V H / V F is between 1.5 and 2.0, for example.
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of the device according to FIG. 1 in a highly schematic representation.
  • the difference from the device according to FIG. 1 is that in the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 2, a vacuum hood 30 'is used, which simultaneously covers two barrels 60a and 60b.
  • the double vacuum hood 30 ' is simultaneously placed on and removed from the two drums 60a, 60b.
  • the suction nozzle is designed as a double suction nozzle, which at the same time enters the barrels 60a, 60b and is then pulled out of the drum once the drying process has been completed.
  • FIG. 3 finally shows yet another variant of the invention, in which several barrels 60a to 60d pass through a vacuum tunnel 80.
  • the vacuum tunnel 80 is provided with an inlet lock 81 and an outlet lock 82.
  • a suitable conveyor belt 83 with holders for placing the barrels 60a to 60d at an angle ensures continuous transportation of the barrels 60a to 60d through the vacuum tunnel 80, as indicated by arrows 84.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé de séchage de corps creux présentant une ouverture d'accès, en particulier pour le séchage de fûts industriels (60) lavés, dans lequel au moins un corps creux est placé de manière inclinée et une quantité de liquide résiduaire (70) contenue dans le corps creux et accumulée en un point le plus profond (71) du corps creux est éliminée du corps creux au moyen d'une trompe d'aspiration (40) introduite à travers l'ouverture d'accès, caractérisé par les étapes :
    a) d'agencement du corps creux dans une chambre sous pression réduite, de telle façon que l'ouverture d'accès soit tournée vers le haut,
    b) de mise sous vide du corps creux à une pression réduite prédéterminée au moyen de la trompe d'aspiration (40) introduite à partir du haut dans le corps creux,
    c) de chauffage simultané de la trompe d'aspiration (40), et
    d) de reventilation du corps creux après une période prédéterminée.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une cloche à pression réduite (30) est placée sur le corps creux.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une cloche à pression réduite (30') est placée sur plusieurs corps creux, la trompe d'aspiration étant réalisée sous la forme d'une trompe d'aspiration multiple qui pénètre simultanément dans les fûts.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs corps creux traversent un tunnel à pression réduite (80).
  5. Procédé suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la quantité de liquide résiduaire (70) est aspirée au moyen d'une pompe à vide (48).
  6. Procédé suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre les volumes de la chambre sous pression réduite (30) et celui des corps creux est compris entre 1,5 et 2,0.
  7. Procédé suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la pression réduite est ajustée en dessous de la pression de saturation de l'eau résiduaire, de préférence entre 10 mbar et 25 mbar.
  8. Procédé suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que de l'air sec, de préférence de l'air comprimé séché, est utilisé pour la reventilation.
  9. Dispositif de séchage de corps creux présentant une ouverture d'accès et agencés sur un support incliné (12, 20), en particulier pour le séchage de fûts industriels lavés (60), comprenant un dispositif de réception pour au moins un corps creux et une trompe d'aspiration (40) ainsi qu'un dispositif de déplacement pour l'introduction de la trompe d'aspiration (40) dans l'ouverture d'accès, de telle façon que l'extrémité de la trompe d'aspiration (40) se trouve au point le plus profond (71) du corps creux, caractérisé par :
    a) une chambre à pression réduite, sur laquelle est fixée la trompe d'aspiration (40), la trompe d'aspiration (40) pouvant, au moyen du dispositif de déplacement, être amenée vers le bas dans une première position dans laquelle la trompe d'aspiration (40) est introduite à partir du haut dans l'ouverture d'accès, ainsi que vers le haut dans une deuxième position dans laquelle elle est totalement extraite du corps creux,
    b) une pompe à vide (48) pour la production d'une pression réduite dans le corps creux, et
    c) un dispositif de chauffage (55 - 58) pour la trompe d'aspiration (40).
  10. Dispositif suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la trompe d'aspiration (40) est fixée sur une cloche à pression réduite (30) qui, dans la première position, renferme d'une manière étanche à la pression le corps creux situé sur le support (12, 20) et qui libère totalement le corps creux dans la deuxième position.
  11. Dispositif suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la cloche à pression réduite (30) renferme plusieurs corps creux dans la première position.
  12. Dispositif suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que des trompes d'aspiration (40) sont prévues dans la zone d'un tunnel à pression réduite (80) qui est traversé par les corps creux.
  13. Dispositif suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre le volume de la chambre à pression réduite (30) et celui des corps creux est compris entre 1,5 et 2,0.
  14. Dispositif suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications 9 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la trompe d'aspiration (40) comporte une soupape (49) pour la reventilation.
  15. Dispositif suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications 9 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le support incliné (12, 20) forme un angle (α + β) compris entre 5° et 20°, de préférence de 15°, avec l'horizontale.
  16. Dispositif suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications 9 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la pompe à vide (48) est une pompe à anneau d'eau.
EP93919267A 1992-09-09 1993-09-04 Procede et dispositif de sechage de futs industriels Expired - Lifetime EP0610488B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4230066 1992-09-09
DE4230066A DE4230066C2 (de) 1992-09-09 1992-09-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Industriefässern
PCT/EP1993/002394 WO1994005961A1 (fr) 1992-09-09 1993-09-04 Procede et dispositif de sechage de futs industriels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0610488A1 EP0610488A1 (fr) 1994-08-17
EP0610488B1 true EP0610488B1 (fr) 1996-07-24

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US (1) US5513446A (fr)
EP (1) EP0610488B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2579286B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE140788T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4230066C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994005961A1 (fr)

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US5050315A (en) * 1989-01-17 1991-09-24 David Reznik Apparatus for solvent recovery from induction heated coated drums

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DE59303321D1 (de) 1996-08-29
US5513446A (en) 1996-05-07
DE4230066C2 (de) 1994-06-16
JPH06511309A (ja) 1994-12-15
EP0610488A1 (fr) 1994-08-17
ATE140788T1 (de) 1996-08-15
JP2579286B2 (ja) 1997-02-05
WO1994005961A1 (fr) 1994-03-17
DE4230066A1 (de) 1994-03-10

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