EP0586884B1 - An internal-combustion engine provided with an improved valve control assembly - Google Patents
An internal-combustion engine provided with an improved valve control assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0586884B1 EP0586884B1 EP93112573A EP93112573A EP0586884B1 EP 0586884 B1 EP0586884 B1 EP 0586884B1 EP 93112573 A EP93112573 A EP 93112573A EP 93112573 A EP93112573 A EP 93112573A EP 0586884 B1 EP0586884 B1 EP 0586884B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valves
- engine according
- rocker arms
- pair
- actuating members
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/20—SOHC [Single overhead camshaft]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
- F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an internal-combustion engine and, in particular, to an internal-combustion engine of the type provided with at least one pair of homologous valves per cylinder.
- Internal-combustion engines which comprise, for each cylinder, one pair of inlet valves and/or one pair of exhaust valves.
- the valves of each pair are operated by a common actuating member which, in turn, is operated by a camshaft, generally by means of a rocker arm.
- the aforementioned actuating member comprises an upper transverse member co-operating centrally with the rocker arm and adapted to act with its opposite ends on the stems of the respective valves, and a slide member sliding along guide means adapted to ensure movement of the transverse member in a direction parallel to the axes of the valves.
- These guide means are generally interposed between the valve stems.
- Valve control assemblies of the type briefly described above have a number of drawbacks.
- valves per cylinder creates considerable problems in respect of transverse dimensions; in addition to the space requirement of the valves there is that required for the guide means of the actuating members and, in the case of diesel engines, that required by the central injector.
- Certain types of injector are of such large transverse dimensions that it becomes substantially impossible to dispose all of said elements within a space equal to the cross-section of one cylinder.
- Other known design solutions resolve the problem of space requirement but, on the other hand, are not without disadvantages.
- valves inclined towards the outside of the respective cylinders which are operated by two camshafts disposed on opposite sides of the cylinders themselves.
- the inclined arrangement of the valves makes it possible for a central space to be provided which can accomodate the injector, even if it is of considerable size.
- This solution is very costly and, moreover, is disadvantageous with respect to emissions; finally the two camshafts obstruct the upper zone of the cylinder head, thereby making it rather difficult to gain access to the screws connecting the head itself to the crankcase.
- the actuating member includes a stem guided by support means secured to the engine head, and a tranverse portion extending at the lower end of the stem and co-operating with the valves.
- the rocker arm has an intermediate portion resting against a fulcrum, and is therefore not supported during assembly.
- FR-A-457 173 discloses an engine valve control assembly provided with an actuating member operated by a camshaft directly, and including a tranverse portion co-operating with a pair of homologous valves and a stem guided by support means secured to the engine head and extending on the opposite side of the transverse portion with respect to the valves.
- the object of the present invention is to devise an internal combustion engine with at least a pair of homologous valves for each cylinder actuated by a camshaft by means of a rocker arm, which is free from the above-mentioned drawbacks of known engines of this type.
- FIGS 2 and 3 illustrate part of a diesel engine for a commercial vehicle, which is generally designated by the reference numeral 1.
- the engine 1 comprises a crankcase 2 defining a plurality of cylinders 3 and a head 4, in which the respective valves are accommodated.
- two inlet valves 5, 6 and two exhaust valves 5', 6' are associated with each cylinder 3.
- valves of each pair 5, 6 or 5', 6' are situated close to one another and the two pairs of valves are diametrically opposite each other with respect to the axis of the cylinder.
- valves 5, 6; 5', 6' are actuated by control assembly 7 comprising a single camshaft 8, a plurality of actuating members 9, 9' each associated with a respective pair of inlet valves 5, 6 or exhaust valves 5', 6', and a plurality of rocker arms 10, 10', each of which co-operates by means of an end roller 14 with a respective cam 15 of the shaft 7 [sic], and by means of its opposite end 16 with a respective actuating member 9, 9'.
- the actuating members 9, 9' which are illustrated respectively in Figures 2 and 3, are of a shape similar to an inverted T and comprise a lower transverse member 17 and a vertical stem 19 secured at one of its ends 20 in a central portion of the transverse member 17.
- the stem 19 which can slide axially along guide means to be described below, is provided with an upper head 24 which is acted uponby the end 16 of the respective rocker arm.
- the stem 19 is hollow and the head 24 is carried by a hydraulic device 25 accommodated inside the stem 19 and adapted to carry out the automatic take-up of the play caused by mechanical wear and machining and assembly tolerances.
- Said device which uses engine oil as the operating fluid, will not be described in detail since it is known per se to persons skilled in the art.
- the transverse member 17 has a fixed lower contact surface 27 co-operating with the stem of the respective valve 5 or 5'; a threaded pin 29 is screwed to the opposite end 28 of the transverse member 17 and is provided at its bottom with a second contact surface 30 co-operating with the respective valve 6 or 6'.
- the pin 29 serves to adjust the position of the contact surface 30 with respect to that of the surface 27 so as to ensure perfect simultaneity of operation of the valves 5, 6 or 5', 6'.
- the support 34 comprises a base 36 of semitubular elongate shape, which is disposed above the camshaft 7 [sic] and partly accommodating the latter, and a plurality of blocks 37 formed integrally and extending upwards from the base 6.
- the blocks 37 which are spaced equidistantly apart, are equal in number to the number of cylinders increased by one unit and are respectively disposed between each pair of adjacent cylinders and at the opposite sides of the outer cylinders.
- Each of the blocks 37 has a transverse hole (i.e. having its axis parallel to that of the camshaft 79 [sic]) which is not shown and which accommodates a pivot pin 39 for the rocker arms 10, 10'.
- FIG 1 illustrates a portion of the support 34 comprising two adjacent intermediate blocks 37 (i.e. not end blocks), and the associated cylinder 3 interposed between said blocks.
- each block 37 accommodates a respective pin 39 which projects axially from the block itself at both of its ends; on each of said ends there are pivoted respectively a rocker arm 10 for operating the inlet valves 5, 6 of a cylinder 3 and a rocker arm 10' for operating the exhaust valves 5', 6' of an adjacent cylinder.
- the rocker arms 10, 10' are locked axially on the pin 39 by retaining rings 40 co-operating axially with the rocker arms 10, 10' with the interposition of rings 38 with a low-coefficient of friction.
- the base 36 of the support 34 has a plurality of openings 44 adapted to allow contact between the rollers 14 of the rocker arms 10, 10' and the associated cams 15 of the shaft 8.
- the rocker arms 10, 10' co-operate at their opposite ends 16 with the actuating members 9, 9', the stems 19 of which are guided inside respective bushes 45, 45' formed integrally with the support 34.
- extensions 46, 46' extend from the base 36 in alignment with the edges of each block and overhung with respect to the cylinders 3, said bushes 45, 45' being formed at the ends of said extensions 46, 46'.
- Said extensions 46, 46' extend from each intermediate block 37, in divergent directions, towards respective mutually adjacent cylinders 3 and are of different length.
- the bushes 45, 45' are connected to one another by a stiffening rib 47.
- the end blocks 37 which are not interposed between two cylinders 3 but are adjacent to a single end cylinder, the above-described modifications are obvious.
- the end blocks 37 support the associated pin 39 for a single rocker arm 10 or 10'; additionally, one of the bushes 45 or 45' is omitted.
- the support 34 is secured to the head 4 of the engine 1 by means of a plurality of screws 48 accommodated in respective pairs of through-holes 50 provided in the blocks 37 of the support itself and screwed into respective holes provided in a wall 51 of the head 4, part of which is shown, and also by means of screws 52 engaging in respective holes 53 provided in the ribs 47 and also screwed into a wall (not shown) of the head 4.
- the mode of operation of the valve control assembly 7 is known per se and, therefore, will not be described in detail.
- the assembly 7 is installed in the following manner. Firstly, the rocker arms 10, 10' are mounted on the support member 34. Subsequently, before introducing the actuating members 9, 9' into the respective bushes 45, 45', the support member 34 is mounted on the head 4 and the screws 48 and 52 are tightened.
- FIG. 55 a second embodiment of a valve control assembly in accordance with the present invention, generally denoted by the reference numeral 55.
- the same reference numerals will be used in the following to identify like components or components corresponding to those already described with reference to the assembly 7.
- the assembly 55 has a plurality of support blocks 37 which are mutually independent (in this case, therefore, there is no common support base 36 for the various blocks 37).
- Each of the blocks 37 one of which is illustrated schematically in perspective in Figure 6, is secured separately to the head 4 and is provided with a respective pin 39 for two rocker arms 10, 10' (or a single rocker arm in the case of two end blocks 37).
- the bushes 45, 45' of each block 37 have a vertical slot 56 facing the block 37 itself, through which the end 16 of the associated rocker arm 10 or 10' can enter a diametral opening 57 provided in a central portion of the stem 19 ( Figure 7).
- a lower portion of the stem 19 accommodates the device 25 for automatically taking up play, the head 24 of which is acted upon by the associated rocker arm 10 or 10'.
- the mode of operation of the assembly 55 is entirely analogous to that of the assembly 7, with the sole difference that the actuating members 9, 9' are not acted upon by the rocker arms 10, 10' at their upper end but in an intermediate portion, thereby reducing the vertical dimensions of the assembly and, consequently, of the engine.
- the transverse member of the actuating members is disposed at the lower end of the associated stem and, therefore, that the guide means for the actuating members are disposed above the valve makes it possible to overcome the problems in respect of transverse dimensions associated with known valve control assemblies, and therefore to use two pairs of valves with mutually parallel axes and operated by a single camshaft, even if a central injector of large size is provided.
- the use of a single camshaft substantially reduces the production costs of the engine and facilitates access to the head screws. In addition, emissions are reduced to a minimum.
- the valve control assembly 55 makes it possible to reduce the vertical dimensions of the head.
- a further advantage of the assemblies 7 and 55 lies in the fact that the devices for automatically taking up play are incorporated in the stem 19 of the actuating members 9, 9'.
- the head 4 can be provided with a single pair of homologous valves per cylinder, i.e. it may comprise two inlet valves and a single exhaust valve, or two exhaust valves and a single inlet valve per cylinder; in this case, for each cylinder the valve control assembly will comprise a single actuating member of the type described, adapted to operate simultaneously the pair of homologous valves.
- all the rocker arms 10, 10' can pivot about a single pin.
- the rocker arms 10, 10' can be provided with an end slide member adapted to co-operate with a respective cam.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITTO920711A IT1257078B (it) | 1992-08-26 | 1992-08-26 | Motore endotermico provvisto di un gruppo di comando valvole perfezionato. |
ITTO920711 | 1992-08-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0586884A1 EP0586884A1 (en) | 1994-03-16 |
EP0586884B1 true EP0586884B1 (en) | 1996-12-18 |
Family
ID=11410691
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93112573A Expired - Lifetime EP0586884B1 (en) | 1992-08-26 | 1993-08-05 | An internal-combustion engine provided with an improved valve control assembly |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0586884B1 (it) |
DE (1) | DE69306700T2 (it) |
ES (1) | ES2096157T3 (it) |
IT (1) | IT1257078B (it) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006019254B4 (de) * | 2006-04-26 | 2016-09-29 | Deutz Ag | Vorrichtung zur Betätigung mehrerer Gaswechselventile |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100348384B1 (ko) * | 1995-03-27 | 2002-12-05 | 마츠다 가부시키가이샤 | 직분식디젤엔진 |
IT1292324B1 (it) * | 1997-05-20 | 1999-01-29 | Iveco Fiat | Motore endotermico. |
JP4270314B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-05-27 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | シリンダヘッド |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR457173A (fr) * | 1913-01-27 | 1913-09-13 | Ettore Bugatti | Dispositif de commande pour soupapes doubles dans les moteurs à combustion |
GB120370A (en) * | 1917-10-13 | 1919-03-12 | Schneider & Cie | Improved Apparatus for Actuating the Valves of Engines and the like. |
IT1189626B (it) * | 1986-03-25 | 1988-02-04 | Fiat Auto Spa | Dispositivo di comando valvole di distribuzione in un motore a combustione interna |
DE3624108A1 (de) * | 1986-07-17 | 1988-01-28 | Opel Adam Ag | Ventiltrieb fuer zumindest zwei gleichzeitig zu betaetigende ventile |
DE59200059D1 (de) * | 1991-03-12 | 1994-03-17 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine. |
-
1992
- 1992-08-26 IT ITTO920711A patent/IT1257078B/it active IP Right Grant
-
1993
- 1993-08-05 DE DE69306700T patent/DE69306700T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-05 EP EP93112573A patent/EP0586884B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-05 ES ES93112573T patent/ES2096157T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006019254B4 (de) * | 2006-04-26 | 2016-09-29 | Deutz Ag | Vorrichtung zur Betätigung mehrerer Gaswechselventile |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2096157T3 (es) | 1997-03-01 |
ITTO920711A1 (it) | 1994-02-26 |
EP0586884A1 (en) | 1994-03-16 |
ITTO920711A0 (it) | 1992-08-26 |
DE69306700D1 (de) | 1997-01-30 |
IT1257078B (it) | 1996-01-05 |
DE69306700T2 (de) | 1997-05-15 |
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