EP0582103B1 - Method for transferring, by means of a radio relay system radiophonic signals for isofrequency broadcasting - Google Patents
Method for transferring, by means of a radio relay system radiophonic signals for isofrequency broadcasting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0582103B1 EP0582103B1 EP93111014A EP93111014A EP0582103B1 EP 0582103 B1 EP0582103 B1 EP 0582103B1 EP 93111014 A EP93111014 A EP 93111014A EP 93111014 A EP93111014 A EP 93111014A EP 0582103 B1 EP0582103 B1 EP 0582103B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- signal
- relay system
- radio relay
- radiophonic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
- H04H20/65—Arrangements characterised by transmission systems for broadcast
- H04H20/67—Common-wave systems, i.e. using separate transmitters operating on substantially the same frequency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/091—Traffic information broadcasting
- G08G1/094—Hardware aspects; Signal processing or signal properties, e.g. frequency bands
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for transferring signals meant for "isofrequency" radio broadcasting by means of a video radio relay system.
- radio relay system will be used throughout hereinafter for the sake of brevity to refer to a video radio relay system.
- the signal would have to be tapped from the optical fiber and transferred to the remote station, by means of a radio relay system, preserving its characteristics.
- this process is highly sensitive to electrical noise introduced by the radio relay system.
- the noise affects the signal permanently and in inverse proportion to the divider number used; the smaller the resulting frequency deviation, the higher the noise.
- multiplication acts both on the signal and on the noise, without affecting the damage already produced.
- the aim of the invention is therefore to provide a method for transferring radiophonic signals by means of radio relay systems to an isofrequency broadcasting station, with no appreciable deterioration of the quality of the final audio signal, particularly keeping to a minimum the sensitivity to the noise introduced by the transfer medium.
- the invention achieves this aim, together with other objects and advantages which will become apparent from the continuation of the description, with a method for transferring, by means of a radio relay system, radiophonic signals for isofrequency broadcasting, characterized in that it includes the following steps:
- the carrier frequency of the signal f I is converted in a nonlinear mixer 10 by heating together with a fixed frequency f X , preferably 101.3 MHz, generated by a synthesized-frequency local oscillator 12 controlled by a reference oscillator 14 which oscillates at a frequency f C of 5 MHz.
- the intermediate signal f P and the reference frequency f C are then combined in a linear adder circuit 18, and the resulting complex signal is transmitted over the radio relay system.
- the latter is used to control a synthesized-frequency local oscillator 24 which is identical to the local oscillator 12 at the transmitting end of the radio relay system, in order to reconstruct the fixed frequency f X .
- the original radiophonic signal to be broadcast with a carrier frequency f I and with a deviation ⁇ f again equal to ⁇ 75 kHz, is thus reobtained.
- the beat frequency f X at the transmitting end and at the receiving end, is constructed with the same procedure, starting from the same reference frequency f C transmitted over the radio relay system together with the intermediate signal. Furthermore, the structure in transmission and in reception is complementary and compensatory. The person skilled in the art thus certainly understands that the inaccuracies or drifts of the reference frequency f C are irrelevant; in other words, the precision of the frequency of the oscillation f C at 5 MHz is neither relevant nor critical, since any imprecision is recovered by the symmetrical nature of the method.
- the deviation of the modulation (normally ⁇ 75 kHz) is not modified and in particular is not reduced during transmission over the radio relay system; accordingly, it is not unfavorably affected by the electrical noise of the radio relay system.
- the synthesized-frequency technique allows to obtain a fixed frequency f X which is to a very large extent immune from the electrical noise introduced by the radio relay system.
- Transmission over the radio relay system is preferably performed with preemphasis and with no clamp.
- the reference frequency f C and the intermediate frequency f P can assume values different from the preferred ones indicated above, with the only caution, obvious to the skilled person, to avoid making one the multiple of the other.
- FIG. 2 The diagram of Figure 2 is similar to that of Figure 1, but three local oscillators 12-1, 12-2 and 12-3 are used instead of a single local oscillator; these oscillators oscillate at three different fixed frequencies f X1 , f X2 , f X3 , but they are all controlled by a same reference oscillator 14 which oscillates at a frequency f C .
- Respective nonlinear mixers 18-1, 18-2 and 18-3 are associated with the three local oscillators, and three isofrequency signals f I1 , f I2 and f I3 are applied to these mixers.
- the outputs of the nonlinear mixers are filtered in respective band-pass filters 16-1, 16-2 and 16-3 to obtain, similarly to the first embodiment, three intermediate signals f P1 , f P2 and f P3 at different frequency values, which are added in the linear adder 18 together with the reference frequency f C .
- the receiving end uses three band-pass filters 20-1, 20-2 and 20-3 for the three intermediate frequencies (with functions similar to those of the band-pass filter 20 of Figure 1), in addition to the band-pass filter 22 for the reference frequency; three local oscillators 24-1, 24-2 and 24-3 (with functions similar to those of the local oscillator 24 of Figure 1); three nonlinear mixers 26-1, 26-2 and 26-3 (with functions similar to those of the mixer 26 of Figure 1); and three band-pass output filters 28-1, 28-2 and 28-3 (with functions similar to those of the band-pass filter 28 of Figure 1).
- this second embodiment (which can be extended further to four or more frequencies), which provides a single reference frequency shared by a plurality of isofrequency signals, considerably increases the efficiency of the utilization of the frequency band of the radio relay system while preserving all of the advantages of the first embodiment.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
- Noise Elimination (AREA)
Description
The present invention relates to a method for transferring
signals meant for "isofrequency" radio broadcasting by means
of a video radio relay system. The term "radio relay system"
will be used throughout hereinafter for the sake of brevity
to refer to a video radio relay system.
It is known, for example from the European Patent No.
0 291 676 in the name of this same Applicant, to
which reference is made for further details, how to
broadcast radiophonic programs meant for listeners in moving
vehicles, particularly in frequency modulation, by means of
a series of stations with transmission antennas distributed
for example along a motorway. The signal to he broadcast from
each antenna is transferred to the stations by means of an
optical fiber; delay devices are included therein, with a
calibrated delay for each antenna, so that in the equal
field region between adjacent transmission antennas the
received signals are time-coherent, i.e. the signals in the
region of confusion arrive at the same instant from the two
adjacent antennas despite the differences in travel
distance.
The above mentioned prior patent requires, in addition to
antennas distributed along the road, the installation of a
fiber-optics system for the transfer of the signal to the
antennas. In many cases it would be convenient, for better
coverage of the served area, to be able to broadcast from
"isofrequency" stations located in a more favorable position,
distant from the motorway, using existing stations as well.
For this purpose, the signal would have to be tapped from
the optical fiber and transferred to the remote station, by
means of a radio relay system, preserving its characteristics.
In order to perform this transfer by means of a radio relay
system, it has been proposed to divide the frequency of the
carrier, which is typically 103.3 MHz, frequency-modulated
with a deviation of ± 75 kHz, by a fixed number such as 64,
obtaining a signal at an intermediate frequency of
approximately 1.61 MHz, which is thus modulated with a
deviation of approximately ± 1.17 kHz, and to transmit this
intermediate frequency over the radio relay system. At the
receiving end of the radio relay system, the frequency of
the received signal is multiplied by the same fixed number,
so as to reconstruct the original signal.
However, despite being simple and effective, this process
is highly sensitive to electrical noise introduced by the
radio relay system. The noise affects the signal permanently
and in inverse proportion to the divider number used; the
smaller the resulting frequency deviation, the higher the
noise. At the receiving station, multiplication acts both on
the signal and on the noise, without affecting the damage
already produced.
The aim of the invention is therefore to provide a method
for transferring radiophonic signals by means of radio relay
systems to an isofrequency broadcasting station, with no
appreciable deterioration of the quality of the final audio
signal, particularly keeping to a minimum the sensitivity to
the noise introduced by the transfer medium.
The invention achieves this aim, together with other objects
and advantages which will become apparent from the
continuation of the description, with a method for
transferring, by means of a radio relay system, radiophonic
signals for isofrequency broadcasting, characterized
in that it includes the following steps:
The invention is now described in greater detail with
reference to a preferred embodiment, illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, which are given only by way of non-limitative
example and wherein:
With reference to Figure 1, a radiophonic signal fI has a
carrier at 103.3 MHz and is frequency-modulated with a
deviation
Δf = ± 75 kHz
, with a monophonic or
stereophonic program, according to standard rules of
commercial radio broadcasting (as is known, the frequency of
103.3 MHz has been chosen in Italy for the isofrequency
radio broadcasting service along motorways). The carrier
frequency of the signal fI is converted in a nonlinear mixer
10 by heating together with a fixed frequency fX, preferably
101.3 MHz, generated by a synthesized-frequency local
oscillator 12 controlled by a reference oscillator 14 which
oscillates at a frequency fC of 5 MHz. The output of the
nonlinear mixer is filtered in a band-pass filter 16 which
provides, on its output line, an intermediate signal at the
frequency
FP = fI - fX
, i.e. 2 MHz, the modulation deviation
of which, Δf, is still ± 75 kHz.
The intermediate signal fP and the reference frequency fC
are then combined in a linear adder circuit 18, and the
resulting complex signal is transmitted over the radio relay
system.
During reception, the complex signal is filtered in band- pass
filters 20 and 22 to reobtain the intermediate signal
at the frequency
fP = fI - fX
on one hand, and the reference
frequency fC of 5 MHz on the other hand. The latter is used
to control a synthesized-frequency local oscillator 24 which
is identical to the local oscillator 12 at the transmitting
end of the radio relay system, in order to reconstruct the
fixed frequency fX. The central frequency of the
intermediate signal fP is then reconverted by beating
together with the reconstructed fixed frequency fX in a
nonlinear mixer 26: this is followed by filtering in a band-pass
filter 28 to obtain the frequency which is the result
of the sum
fX + fP = fX + (fI - fX ) = fI
.
The original radiophonic signal to be broadcast, with a
carrier frequency fI and with a deviation Δf again
equal to ± 75 kHz, is thus reobtained.
It should be noted that the beat frequency fX, at the
transmitting end and at the receiving end, is constructed
with the same procedure, starting from the same reference
frequency fC transmitted over the radio relay system
together with the intermediate signal. Furthermore, the
structure in transmission and in reception is complementary
and compensatory. The person skilled in the art thus
certainly understands that the inaccuracies or drifts of the
reference frequency fC are irrelevant; in other words, the
precision of the frequency of the oscillation fC at 5 MHz is
neither relevant nor critical, since any imprecision is
recovered by the symmetrical nature of the method.
Furthermore, it should be noted that the deviation of the
modulation (normally ± 75 kHz) is not modified and in
particular is not reduced during transmission over the
radio relay system; accordingly, it is not unfavorably
affected by the electrical noise of the radio relay system.
It should also be noted that the synthesized-frequency
technique allows to obtain a fixed frequency fX which is to
a very large extent immune from the electrical noise
introduced by the radio relay system.
Preferably, the two frequencies fC (typically 5 MHz) and
fP
= fI - fX
(typically 2 MHz) are chosen so that they are low
enough to be transmitted over a same channel of a standard
radio relay system for video signals, the band whereof is
approximately 10 MHz.
Transmission over the radio relay system is preferably
performed with preemphasis and with no clamp.
Naturally, the reference frequency fC and the intermediate
frequency fP can assume values different from the preferred
ones indicated above, with the only caution, obvious to the
skilled person, to avoid making one the multiple of the
other.
By virtue of this fact it is possible to extend the above
described method to the transmission of a plurality of
isofrequency signals over a same link, choosing a different
value of the intermediate frequency fP for each signal to be
transmitted, while maintaining a single reference frequency.
Such an embodiment is shown in Figure 2, where the
components identical to Figure 1 are designated by the same
reference numerals.
The diagram of Figure 2 is similar to that of Figure 1, but
three local oscillators 12-1, 12-2 and 12-3 are used instead
of a single local oscillator; these oscillators oscillate at
three different fixed frequencies fX1, fX2, fX3, but they
are all controlled by a same reference oscillator 14 which
oscillates at a frequency fC. Respective nonlinear mixers
18-1, 18-2 and 18-3 are associated with the three local
oscillators, and three isofrequency signals fI1, fI2 and fI3
are applied to these mixers. The outputs of the nonlinear
mixers are filtered in respective band-pass filters 16-1,
16-2 and 16-3 to obtain, similarly to the first embodiment,
three intermediate signals fP1, fP2 and fP3 at different
frequency values, which are added in the linear adder 18
together with the reference frequency fC.
Similarly, the receiving end uses three band-pass filters
20-1, 20-2 and 20-3 for the three intermediate frequencies
(with functions similar to those of the band-pass filter 20
of Figure 1), in addition to the band-pass filter 22 for the
reference frequency; three local oscillators 24-1, 24-2 and
24-3 (with functions similar to those of the local
oscillator 24 of Figure 1); three nonlinear mixers 26-1, 26-2
and 26-3 (with functions similar to those of the mixer 26
of Figure 1); and three band-pass output filters 28-1, 28-2
and 28-3 (with functions similar to those of the band-pass
filter 28 of Figure 1).
It is evident to a person skilled in the art that this second
embodiment (which can be extended further to four or more
frequencies), which provides a single reference frequency
shared by a plurality of isofrequency signals, considerably
increases the efficiency of the utilization of the frequency
band of the radio relay system while preserving all of the
advantages of the first embodiment.
Some preferred embodiments of the invention have been
described; these embodiments are naturally susceptible to
equivalent modifications which can be easily devised by a
person skilled in the art on the basis of the teachings
given.
Where technical features mentioned in any claim are followed
by reference signs, those reference signs have been included
for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of
the claims and accordingly, such reference signs do not have
any limiting effect on the scope of each element identified
by way of example by such reference signs.
Claims (10)
- Method for transferring, by means of a radio relay system, radiophonic signals for isofrequency broadcasting, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:a) generating, by means of a local oscillator (12), a fixed frequency (fX) which differs by a few MHz with respect to the carrier frequency of the radiophonic signal (fI);b) converting said modulated radiophonic signal (fI) by beating together with said fixed frequency (fX) in a first nonlinear mixer (10) and by filtering in a band-pass filter (16), so as to obtain an intermediate carrier frequency signal (fP) equal to the difference between the carrier frequency of the radiophonic signal and said fixed frequency;c) transmitting on the radio relay system said intermediate signal together with a reference frequency (fC) which is proportional to said fixed frequency according to a constant integer or fractional coefficient;d) filtering the signal received from the radio relay system at the receiving station in two band-pass filters (20, 22), so as to isolate the intermediate signal on one hand and the reference frequency on the other hand;e) reconstructing said fixed frequency from the received reference frequency by multiplying by said constant integer or fractional coefficient; andf) reconverting said intermediate signal by beating together with said fixed frequency in a second nonlinear mixer (26) and by filtering in a further band-pass filter (28), so as to obtain a modulated radiophonic signal with a carrier frequency equal to the sum of the carrier frequency of the intermediate signal and of said fixed frequency.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said fixed frequency is generated at the origin by means of a first local oscillator (12) which is controlled by a reference oscillator (14) which oscillates at said reference frequency.
- Method according to claim 2, characterized in that said fixed frequency is generated, at the receiving end, by means of a second local oscillator (24) which is controlled by said received reference frequency.
- Method according to claim 3, characterized in that said first and second local oscillators have identical characteristics.
- Method according to claim 3, characterized in that said first and second local oscillators are of the synthesized frequency type.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that transmission over the radio relay system is performed with preemphasis.
- Method according to claim 6, characterized in that transmission over the radio relay system is performed with no clamp.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that signal transfer is performed over a radio relay system for video transmissions.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the reference frequency is 5 MHz.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a plurality of isofrequency signals (fI1, fI2, fI3) is converted at the transmitting end by beating together with respective fixed frequencies (fX1, fX2, fX3) generated by respective local oscillators (12-1, 12-2, 12-3) controlled by a single reference oscillator (14) to obtain respective intermediate signals (fP1, fP2, fP3) which are transmitted over the radio link together with the single reference frequency (fC) generated by said reference oscillator, and in that at the receiving end the intermediate signals, isolated by means of respective band-pass filters (20-1, 20-2, 20-3), are converted by beating together with said fixed frequencies generated by respective local oscillators (24-1, 24-2, 24-3) which are all controlled by said single reference frequency, which is isolated by means of a band-pass filter (22).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI921954A IT1255805B (en) | 1992-08-07 | 1992-08-07 | PROCEDURE FOR TRANSFER VIA RADIOELECTRIC BRIDGE VIDEO OF SIGNALS INTENDED FOR ISOFREQUENTIAL BROADCAST |
| ITMI921954 | 1992-08-07 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0582103A2 EP0582103A2 (en) | 1994-02-09 |
| EP0582103A3 EP0582103A3 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
| EP0582103B1 true EP0582103B1 (en) | 1998-09-30 |
Family
ID=11363853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93111014A Expired - Lifetime EP0582103B1 (en) | 1992-08-07 | 1993-07-09 | Method for transferring, by means of a radio relay system radiophonic signals for isofrequency broadcasting |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0582103B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69321312T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2121903T3 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1255805B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10248685A1 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-02-05 | Prosch, Theodor, Dr. | Synchronous wave multimedia transmission network feeds high frequency signal and reference over broadband distribution network to user premises |
| DE102004016406B4 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2006-06-08 | Prosch, Theodor, Dr. | Digital broadcast coherent wave transmission control procedure uses broadband transmission to broadcast points with frequency set by control code |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4475243A (en) * | 1982-12-21 | 1984-10-02 | Motorola, Inc. | Isolation method and apparatus for a same frequency repeater |
| US5089815A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1992-02-18 | Detector Systems, Inc. | Vehicle communication system using existing roadway loops |
| IT1205657B (en) * | 1987-05-21 | 1989-03-31 | Rai Radiotelevisione Italiana | ISOFREQUENTIAL RADIO BROADCAST SYSTEM OF RADIO PROGRAMS, PARTICULARLY IN FREQUENCY MODULATION, ALONG A ROAD ROUTE |
-
1992
- 1992-08-07 IT ITMI921954A patent/IT1255805B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1993
- 1993-07-09 EP EP93111014A patent/EP0582103B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-09 DE DE69321312T patent/DE69321312T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-09 ES ES93111014T patent/ES2121903T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69321312D1 (en) | 1998-11-05 |
| EP0582103A3 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
| ES2121903T3 (en) | 1998-12-16 |
| ITMI921954A0 (en) | 1992-08-07 |
| IT1255805B (en) | 1995-11-16 |
| ITMI921954A1 (en) | 1994-02-07 |
| EP0582103A2 (en) | 1994-02-09 |
| DE69321312T2 (en) | 1999-04-01 |
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