EP0581745B1 - Improvement of weft feeders for pneumatic looms - Google Patents
Improvement of weft feeders for pneumatic looms Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0581745B1 EP0581745B1 EP93830309A EP93830309A EP0581745B1 EP 0581745 B1 EP0581745 B1 EP 0581745B1 EP 93830309 A EP93830309 A EP 93830309A EP 93830309 A EP93830309 A EP 93830309A EP 0581745 B1 EP0581745 B1 EP 0581745B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- moving element
- feeder according
- weft feeder
- pin
- magnet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D47/00—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms
- D03D47/34—Handling the weft between bulk storage and weft-inserting means
- D03D47/36—Measuring and cutting the weft
- D03D47/361—Drum-type weft feeding devices
- D03D47/362—Drum-type weft feeding devices with yarn retaining devices, e.g. stopping pins
- D03D47/363—Construction or control of the yarn retaining devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improvement of weft feeders for textile pneumatic looms with high insertion speed.
- weft feeders are devices suitable to accumulate a reserve of thread in the form of turns wound on a fixed drum and to feed the loom by unwinding the accumulated turns in an amount equal to the length L of thread required by the loom at each beating; said length being equal to the transverse dimension, or width, of the fabric being formed.
- the pre-feeder also has the task of pre-measuring said length L, and this task is performed by counting the unwound turns of thread by means of a photoelectric cell.
- L n ⁇ D
- n the number of unwound turns
- D the diameter of the drum of the feeder.
- the photocell provides for the supply of power to the stop element, the intervention of which is completed when the subsequent last turn (n) is reached.
- EP-A-363 938 discloses a conventional electromagnetic unit for blocking the weft yarn in a loom weft feeder.
- the intervention time "t" available to the electromagnetic stop element is extremely limited and is generally comprised between 10 and 20 ms (milliseconds).
- the above equation (1) yields a value of 7 for n.
- the aim of the present invention is to achieve these important purposes, and for this reason it relates to a weft feeder for pneumatic looms, with an electromagnetic stop element suitable to block the unwinding of the thread from the drum of the feeder after the counting, performed by means of a photoelectric cell, of a preset number of turns, characterized in that said electromagnetic stop element comprises a permanent magnet which cooperates with a fixed magnetic core provided with a circular opening through which a hollow moving element passes, said moving element supporting a winding through which an energization current flows.
- the moving element which also supports the thread stopping finger at its end, is fitted without contact engagement on a cylindrical extension of the magnet and is supported so that it can move axially with respect to said cylindrical extension.
- the moving element is elastically supported, so that it can move axially with respect to the cylindrical extension of the core, by a pair of flat springs which also act as elements for retaining and centering said moving element with respect to said cylindrical extension.
- the moving element which is of a substantially phonic type and is made of a low specific weight material, has a very small inertial mass and is thus capable of responding without appreciable delays to the electrodynamic actuations to which it is subjected. Furthermore, the presence of the plates for centering and retaining said moving element, which eliminate the sliding friction between said moving element and the fixed core, on one hand helps to improve said response of the moving element to electrodynamic actuations and on the other hand avoids wear, achieving the further object of significantly increasing the duration of the electromagnetic stop element.
- the reference numeral 10 generally designates a weft feeder for pneumatic looms comprising, in a per se known manner, a fixed body 11, a fixed drum 12 and a rotating disk 13, arranged at the base of the drum and actuated by a hollow drive shaft 14.
- a hollow rotatable arm 15 is rigidly coupled to the disk 13 and is connected to the shaft 14; the thread F runs in the cavities of the shaft and of the arm and is wound by the disk 13 on the drum so as to form a reserve of thread to be fed to the loom.
- n equal to the length L of the weft inserted by the loom with said beating, are unwound from the drum 12.
- the number of turns which unwind is counted by a photocell cooperating with a counter (both not shown) which, when the one before last turn (n-1) is reached, causes the energization of an electromagnetic stop device 16.
- Said stop device engages the thread against the drum with a stopping finger 17, blocking its unwinding when the last turn (n) is reached.
- the electromagnetic stop device 16 comprises a permanent magnet 18 contained in a cylindrical skirt 19 which constitutes a fixed magnetic core.
- a moving element 24 is slideably fitted on said axial pin; said moving element is constituted by a hollow cylindrical case 26, made of material having low relative density, for example cardboard or textile material impregnated with resin, or polymeric material, provided with a winding 27.
- the stopping finger 17 is provided at the free end of the case and is preferably applied and made of ceramic material or the like.
- the winding 27 is arranged outside the case 26 at the annular gap 23, and is thus crossed by the lines of the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet 18.
- the internal diameter of the case 26 is chosen so that it is significantly greater than the outer diameter of the pin 21, so that there is no contact between said case and said pin.
- the moving element 24, as a whole, is elastically suspended, so that it can move axially with respect to the pin 21, by a pair of annular flat springs 28 and 29 rigidly coupled to the case 26 and to the skirt 19 and also acting as elements for retaining and centering said moving element with respect to said pin 21.
- the flat springs 28 and 29 are mutually spaced by an extent "d" which is equal to approximately half of the axial extension of the pin 21.
- said flat springs are made of steel plate with a thickness comprised between 2 and 6 tenths of a millimeter.
- they may also be made of textile fiber or cardboard, impregnated with polymeric resin, or of woven or felted glass fiber, also impregnated with polymeric resin.
- the rigid connection between the case 26 and the springs 28 and 29 is preferably obtained by glueing with polymeric adhesive.
- An energization current I having an intensity comprised for example between 1 and 2 amperes is made to circulate in the winding 27 and is supplied in a known manner by a generator (not shown) under the control of the counter associated with the photoelectric cell which counts the number of turns.
- This energization current is directed so as to generate, by interaction with the magnetic field produced by the magnet 18, a magnetomotive force suitable to move the moving element 24, in contrast with the elastic action of the flat springs 28 and 29, in the direction of the arrow F of figure 3, so that in the presence of the current I the finger 17 blocks the thread against the drum 12, preventing its unwinding.
- the permanent magnet 180 is cylindrical and is supported by a cylindrical extension 191 of the skirt 190 at the annular gap 230 in which the moving element 240 passes; said moving element 240 supports the winding 270, and is formed by a cylindrical sleeve 271 preferably made of textile material impregnated with resin and provided with a rigid bottom 272.
- the cylindrical sleeve 271 is fitted on the magnet 180 without sliding contact and is guided in its axial movement by a pin 273 which is supported by the bottom 272 and which slideably passes in a guiding and retention bush 192 formed on the fixed magnetic core 190.
- the stopping finger 17 is provided on the end of the pin 273 opposite to the bottom 272.
- a helical spring 274 is interposed between the bottom 272 and the magnet 180, actuates the moving element 240 into the thread engagement position shown in figure 4 and provides an elastic thread stopping force which acts on the stopping finger 17.
- an energization current I' is supplied in the winding 270 of the moving element 240 and, by reacting with the magnetic field of the magnet 180, keeps the moving element 240 in the raised position of figure 5, in contrast with the action of the spring 274. Under the control of said turn counter, the current I' is interrupted when the last turn is reached, and the spring 274 pushes the moving element and the finger 17 into the thread stopping position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Looms (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to an improvement of weft feeders for textile pneumatic looms with high insertion speed.
- As is known, weft feeders are devices suitable to accumulate a reserve of thread in the form of turns wound on a fixed drum and to feed the loom by unwinding the accumulated turns in an amount equal to the length L of thread required by the loom at each beating; said length being equal to the transverse dimension, or width, of the fabric being formed.
- In the specific case of pneumatic looms, the pre-feeder also has the task of pre-measuring said length L, and this task is performed by counting the unwound turns of thread by means of a photoelectric cell. The following equation holds:
- More precisely, when the one before last turn n-l is counted, the photocell provides for the supply of power to the stop element, the intervention of which is completed when the subsequent last turn (n) is reached.
- EP-A-363 938 discloses a conventional electromagnetic unit for blocking the weft yarn in a loom weft feeder.
- It is easily understood that the intervention time "t" available to the electromagnetic stop element is extremely limited and is generally comprised between 10 and 20 ms (milliseconds). In fact, considering for example a modern pneumatic loom capable of inserting approximately 1500 meters of weft per minute, with a fabric width equal to 3000 mm, a drum speed equal to 500 rpm, a feeder drum diameter D equal to (approximately) 136 mm, the above equation (1) yields a value of 7 for n. Since the energization of the electromagnetic stop element occurs 500 times per minute, equal to 8.3 times per second, and since the unwinding of the turns consequently occurs in 120 ms, considering that the intervention of the electromagnetic stop element must occur within the time separating the unwinding of turn n from turn n-1, in the exemplified case one obtains:
- These onerous working conditions pose considerable problems in the design of the electromagnetic stop element, which on one hand must have moving elements with a very low inertia but at the same time must have an intense magnetomotive force, and on the other hand must have an acceptable working life, for example equal to four or five years of operation, and thus the ability to perform approximately 109 cycles without being damaged.
- The aim of the present invention is to achieve these important purposes, and for this reason it relates to a weft feeder for pneumatic looms, with an electromagnetic stop element suitable to block the unwinding of the thread from the drum of the feeder after the counting, performed by means of a photoelectric cell, of a preset number of turns, characterized in that said electromagnetic stop element comprises a permanent magnet which cooperates with a fixed magnetic core provided with a circular opening through which a hollow moving element passes, said moving element supporting a winding through which an energization current flows. The moving element, which also supports the thread stopping finger at its end, is fitted without contact engagement on a cylindrical extension of the magnet and is supported so that it can move axially with respect to said cylindrical extension.
- According to a preferred embodiment, the moving element is elastically supported, so that it can move axially with respect to the cylindrical extension of the core, by a pair of flat springs which also act as elements for retaining and centering said moving element with respect to said cylindrical extension.
- According to this preferred embodiment, the moving element, which is of a substantially phonic type and is made of a low specific weight material, has a very small inertial mass and is thus capable of responding without appreciable delays to the electrodynamic actuations to which it is subjected. Furthermore, the presence of the plates for centering and retaining said moving element, which eliminate the sliding friction between said moving element and the fixed core, on one hand helps to improve said response of the moving element to electrodynamic actuations and on the other hand avoids wear, achieving the further object of significantly increasing the duration of the electromagnetic stop element.
- The invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and with reference to the accompanying drawings, given by way of non-limitative example, wherein:
- figure 1 is a partially sectional view of a feeder for a pneumatic loom, with the improved stop device according to the present invention;
- figure 2 is an axial longitudinal sectional view of the stop device in inactive conditions;
- figure 3 is a partially sectional view, similar to figure 2, of the stop device in operating conditions;
- figures 4 and 5 are sectional views, similar to figure 2, illustrating a further embodiment of the invention.
- In the drawings, the
reference numeral 10 generally designates a weft feeder for pneumatic looms comprising, in a per se known manner, afixed body 11, afixed drum 12 and a rotatingdisk 13, arranged at the base of the drum and actuated by ahollow drive shaft 14. A hollowrotatable arm 15 is rigidly coupled to thedisk 13 and is connected to theshaft 14; the thread F runs in the cavities of the shaft and of the arm and is wound by thedisk 13 on the drum so as to form a reserve of thread to be fed to the loom. At every beating of the loom, a number of thread turns n, equal to the length L of the weft inserted by the loom with said beating, are unwound from thedrum 12. - The number of turns which unwind is counted by a photocell cooperating with a counter (both not shown) which, when the one before last turn (n-1) is reached, causes the energization of an
electromagnetic stop device 16. Said stop device engages the thread against the drum with a stoppingfinger 17, blocking its unwinding when the last turn (n) is reached. - According to the present invention, the
electromagnetic stop device 16 comprises apermanent magnet 18 contained in acylindrical skirt 19 which constitutes a fixed magnetic core. Themagnet 18, arranged within theskirt 19 at therear wall 20 of said skirt, extends with anaxial extension 21, termed pin for the sake of brevity, which ends at a circular opening formed on theface 22 of the skirt opposite to therear wall 20 so as to form anannular gap 23 of adequate size, for example equal to, or smaller than, the radius of theaxial pin 21. A movingelement 24 is slideably fitted on said axial pin; said moving element is constituted by a hollowcylindrical case 26, made of material having low relative density, for example cardboard or textile material impregnated with resin, or polymeric material, provided with a winding 27. The stoppingfinger 17 is provided at the free end of the case and is preferably applied and made of ceramic material or the like. - The
winding 27 is arranged outside thecase 26 at theannular gap 23, and is thus crossed by the lines of the magnetic field produced by thepermanent magnet 18. The internal diameter of thecase 26 is chosen so that it is significantly greater than the outer diameter of thepin 21, so that there is no contact between said case and said pin. The movingelement 24, as a whole, is elastically suspended, so that it can move axially with respect to thepin 21, by a pair of annularflat springs case 26 and to theskirt 19 and also acting as elements for retaining and centering said moving element with respect to saidpin 21. - In order to ensure the correct retention of the moving
element 26, theflat springs pin 21. Preferably, said flat springs are made of steel plate with a thickness comprised between 2 and 6 tenths of a millimeter. However, they may also be made of textile fiber or cardboard, impregnated with polymeric resin, or of woven or felted glass fiber, also impregnated with polymeric resin. The rigid connection between thecase 26 and thesprings - An energization current I having an intensity comprised for example between 1 and 2 amperes is made to circulate in the winding 27 and is supplied in a known manner by a generator (not shown) under the control of the counter associated with the photoelectric cell which counts the number of turns. This energization current is directed so as to generate, by interaction with the magnetic field produced by the
magnet 18, a magnetomotive force suitable to move themoving element 24, in contrast with the elastic action of theflat springs finger 17 blocks the thread against thedrum 12, preventing its unwinding. - In the further embodiment of figures 4 and 5, the
permanent magnet 180 is cylindrical and is supported by acylindrical extension 191 of theskirt 190 at theannular gap 230 in which themoving element 240 passes; said movingelement 240 supports the winding 270, and is formed by acylindrical sleeve 271 preferably made of textile material impregnated with resin and provided with arigid bottom 272. - The
cylindrical sleeve 271 is fitted on themagnet 180 without sliding contact and is guided in its axial movement by apin 273 which is supported by thebottom 272 and which slideably passes in a guiding andretention bush 192 formed on the fixedmagnetic core 190. The stoppingfinger 17 is provided on the end of thepin 273 opposite to thebottom 272. Ahelical spring 274 is interposed between thebottom 272 and themagnet 180, actuates the movingelement 240 into the thread engagement position shown in figure 4 and provides an elastic thread stopping force which acts on the stoppingfinger 17. - According to this constructive embodiment, during the unwinding of the thread from the
drum 12, an energization current I' is supplied in the winding 270 of themoving element 240 and, by reacting with the magnetic field of themagnet 180, keeps themoving element 240 in the raised position of figure 5, in contrast with the action of thespring 274. Under the control of said turn counter, the current I' is interrupted when the last turn is reached, and thespring 274 pushes the moving element and thefinger 17 into the thread stopping position. - Where technical features mentioned in any claim are followed by reference signs, those reference signs have been included for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and accordingly such reference signs do not have any limiting effect on the scope of each element identified by way of example by such reference signs.
Claims (17)
- Weft feeder (10) for pneumatic looms, comprising a fixed drum (12), a rotating disk (13) for winding on said drum a reserve of thread (F) to be fed to the loom, and an electromagnetic stop element (16) for blocking the unwinding of the thread from the drum after the counting, performed by means of a photoelectric cell, of a preset number (n) of turns, characterized in that said electromagnetic stop element (16) comprises a permanent magnet (18,180) which cooperates with a fixed magnetic core (19,190) provided with a circular opening in which a hollow moving element (24,240) passes, said moving element supporting a winding (27,270) through which an energization current (I') flows, and in that the moving element (24,240) supports a thread stopping finger (17) at its end, and is fitted without contact engagement on a cylindrical extension (21) of the magnet (18, 180) , said moving element (24,240) being supported so that it can move axially with respect to said cylindrical extension.
- Weft feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the moving element (24) of the electromagnetic stop element (16) is fitted on a pin (21) which constitutes an extension of the permanent magnet (18) and is elastically suspended, so that it can move freely along the axis of said pin (21), by a pair of flat springs (28,29) also acting as elements for retaining and centering the moving element (24) with respect to the pin (21).
- Weft feeder according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said fixed magnetic core is constituted by a cylindrical skirt (19), said permanent magnet (18) being arranged inside said cylindrical skirt and at its rear wall (20), and said pin (21) of the magnet (18) extending axially, passing through the circular opening provided on a face (22) of the skirt (19) opposite to the rear wall (20) in order to delimit an annular gap (23).
- Weft feeder according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the width of the annular gap (23) is substantially equal or smaller than the radius of the pin (21) of the magnet (18).
- Weft feeder according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the moving element (24) is constituted by a hollow cylindrical case (26) made of a material having low specific weight, and in that the internal diameter of the case (26) is substantially greater than the external diameter of the pin (21) of the magnet (18).
- Weft feeder according to claim 5, characterized in that said hollow case (26) is made of polymeric material.
- Weft feeder according to claim 5, characterized in that said hollow case (26) is made of cardboard.
- Weft feeder according to claim 7, characterized in that said hollow case (26) is impregnated with polymeric resin.
- Weft feeder according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the winding (27) of the moving element (24) is arranged outside the case (26) at the annular gap (23).
- Weft feeder according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said flat springs (28,29) are annular and are rigidly coupled to the skirt of the fixed magnetic core (19) and to the hollow case (26) of the moving element (24).
- Weft feeder according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that said flat springs (28,29) are made of steel plates.
- Weft feeder according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that said flat springs (28,29) are made of a non-metallic material selected from a group consisting of textile fiber, cardboard, glass fiber.
- Weft feeder according to claim 12, characterized in that said non-metallic material is impregnated with polymeric resin.
- Weft feeder according to claims 1, 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that said flat springs (28,29) are mutually spaced by an extent which is equal to approximately half the axial extension of the pin (21) of the magnet (18).
- Weft feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the moving element (240) comprises a cylindrical sleeve (271) with an energization winding (270), in that said sleeve is closed by a bottom (272) provided with a pin (273) ending with the stopping finger (17), said permanent magnet (180) being supported by a cylindrical extension (191) of the magnetic core (190) and extending through the opening of the magnetic core (190) to form an annular gap (230) and the permanent magnet (180) receives the cylindrical sleeve (271) of the moving element, which is slideably fitted on said magnet and on said cylindrical extension, and said bottom (272) of the moving element (240) being subjected to the action of a spring (274) which actuates the moving element (240) and the stopping finger (17) into the position for engaging the thread and provides an elastic force for stopping said thread.
- Weft feeder according to claim 15, characterized in that the energization winding (270) of the moving element (240) is supplied with an energization current (I') which reacts with the field of the permanent magnet (180) to move the moving element (240) in contrast with the action of said spring (274) and to release the thread from the stopping action produced by the stopping finger (17).
- Weft feeder according to claims 15 and 16, characterized in that the pin (273), rigidly coupled to the bottom (272) of the moving element, can slide in a bush (192) formed on the fixed magnetic core (190) and in that the pin (273) and the bush (192) cooperate in order to guide the moving element (240), allowing it to move without contact engagement, with respect to the magnet (180) and to the cylindrical extension (191).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITTO920643A IT1256898B (en) | 1992-07-27 | 1992-07-27 | IMPROVEMENT OF WEFT FEEDERS FOR AIR FRAMES. |
ITTO920643 | 1992-07-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0581745A1 EP0581745A1 (en) | 1994-02-02 |
EP0581745B1 true EP0581745B1 (en) | 1996-09-25 |
Family
ID=11410641
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93830309A Expired - Lifetime EP0581745B1 (en) | 1992-07-27 | 1993-07-20 | Improvement of weft feeders for pneumatic looms |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0581745B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69305028T2 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1256898B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1271787B (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1997-06-09 | Roj Electrotex Nuova Srl | ELECTROMAGNETIC WIRE STOP STOP UNIT FOR MEASURING HOLDERS |
IT1303155B1 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2000-10-30 | Lgl Electronics Spa | IMPROVEMENT OF THE YARN STOP DEVICES, IN THE PRE-MEASURING ROTARY EQUIPMENT FOR AIR WEAVING FRAMES. |
DE10252604A1 (en) * | 2002-11-12 | 2004-05-27 | Iropa Ag | Weft yarn feed unit, for a jet loom, has neighboring stop tines at the yarn store body to give a controlled take-off in measured lengths in a trouble-free intermittent control action |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3774785D1 (en) * | 1986-07-15 | 1992-01-09 | Sulzer Ag | METHOD FOR THE OPERATION OF A Weft Thread Storage Device For A Weaving Machine. |
IT1230561B (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1991-10-28 | Roy Electrotex Spa | ELECTROMAGNETIC STOP UNIT OF THE WEFT WIRE IN MI-SURATORI PORGITRAMA FOR JET TEXTILE FRAMES |
DE69018228T2 (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1995-08-31 | Roy Electrotex Spa | Weft feeder for jet looms. |
-
1992
- 1992-07-27 IT ITTO920643A patent/IT1256898B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1993
- 1993-07-20 DE DE69305028T patent/DE69305028T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-20 EP EP93830309A patent/EP0581745B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITTO920643A1 (en) | 1994-01-27 |
DE69305028D1 (en) | 1996-10-31 |
EP0581745A1 (en) | 1994-02-02 |
DE69305028T2 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
IT1256898B (en) | 1995-12-27 |
ITTO920643A0 (en) | 1992-07-27 |
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