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  • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
  • A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
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  • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
  • A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
  • A01N37/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof containing the group; Thio analogues thereof
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  • A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
  • A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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  • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
  • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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  • A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
  • A01N41/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
  • A01N41/10—Sulfones; Sulfoxides
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  • A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
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  • A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
  • A01N55/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur containing metal atoms
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  • C07C233/65—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
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  • C07C233/66—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups
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  • C07C233/67—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
  • C07C233/68—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
  • C07C233/69—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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  • C07C235/42—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
  • C07C235/44—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C235/58—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms, bound in ortho-position to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C235/60—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms, bound in ortho-position to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
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  • C07C237/28—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton
  • C07C237/30—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
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  • C07C323/50—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
  • C07C323/51—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
  • C07C323/60—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton with the carbon atom of at least one of the carboxyl groups bound to nitrogen atoms
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  • C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
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  • C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
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  • C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
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Definitions

• This invention relates to a method for the control of Take-All disease in plants, particularly cereals, by the use of certain substituted aryl compounds, some of which are novel, and fungicidal compositions for carrying out the method.
• the substituents R 3 or R 7 may be alkyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenalkoxy or halogenalkylthio (see page 1 18-22). Such compounds are useful as insecticides and nematocides and are formulated with agriculturally acceptable carriers (see page 13).
• J.Org.Chem., Vol.54, 1989, pp4372-4385 discloses certain substituted N,N-diethylbenzamides when discussing a new general methodology in aromatic chemistry based on silicon protection of preferred ortho metalation sites in benzamides and O-methyl groups in O-toluamides.
• WO 91/01311 discloses substituted 5-carboxanilidothiazoles useful as fungicides (see pages 3-6).
• amine in -C(X)-amine means an unsubstituted, monosubstituted, or disubstituted amino radical, including nitrogen-bearing heterocycles.
• substituents for the amino radical include, but are not limited to, hydroxy; alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl, which may be straight or branched chain or cyclic; alkoxyalkyl; haloalkyl; hydroxyalkyl; alkylthio; alkylthioalkyl; alkylcarbonyl; alkoxycarbonyl; aminocarbonyl; alkylaminocarbonyl; cyanoalkyl; mono- or dialkylamino; phenyl, phenylalkyl or phenylalkenyl, each optionally substituted with one or more C1-C6 alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, halo, or nitro groups; C1-C
• nitrogen-bearing heterocycles which are bonded at a nitrogen to -C(X)-, include, but are not limited to, morpholine, piperazine, piperidine, pyrrole, pyrrolidine, imidazole, and triazoles, each of which may be optionally substituted with one or more C1-C6 alkyl groups.
• amino radicals useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, ethylamino, methylamino, propylamino, 2-methylethylamino, 1-propenylamino, 2-propenylamino, 2-methyl-2-propenylamino, 2-propynylamino, butylamino, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynylamino, diethylamino, dimethylamino, N-(methyl)ethylamino, N-(methyl)-1,1-(dimethyl)ethylamino, dipropylamino, octylamino, N-(ethyl)-1-methylethylamino, 2-hydroxyethylamino, 1-methylpropylamino, chloromethylamino, 2-chloroethylamino, 2-bromoethylamino, 3-chloropropylamino, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamin
• amino radicals include methylhydrazino, dimethylhydrazino, N-ethylanilino, and 2-methylanilino.
• the amine may also be substituted with diethyl N-ethylphosphoramidic acid, t-butoxycarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, etc.
• ethylamino is preferred.
• Examples of B include, but are not limited to, trimethylsilyl, ethyldimethylsilyl, diethylmethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, dimethylpropylsilyl, dipropylmethylsilyl, dimethyl-1-(methyl)ethylsilyl, tripropylsilyl, butyldimethylsilyl, pentyldimethylsilyl, hexyldimethylsilyl, cyclopropyldimethylsilyl, cyclobutyldimethylsilyl, cyclopentyldimethylsilyl, cyclohexyldimethylsilyl, dimethylethenylsilyl, dimethylpropenylsilyl, chloromethyldimethylsilyl, 2-chloroethyldimethylsilyl, bromomethyldimethylsilyl, bicycloheptyldimethylsilyl, dimethylphenylsilyl,
• B include 1,1-dimethylethyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylpentyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 1-methyl-1-ethylpropyl, 1,1-diethylpropyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,1,2-trimethylbutyl, 1,1,2,2-tetramethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,1,2-trimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butynyl, 1-cyclopropyl-1-methylethyl, 1-cyclobutyl-1-methylethyl, 1-cyclopentyl-1-methylethyl, 1-(1-cyclopentenyl)-1-methylethyl, 1-
• B are 1,1-dimethylethylamino, 1,1-dimethylpropylamino, 1,1-dimethylbutylamino, 1,1-dimethylpentylamino, 1-ethyl-1-methylbutylamino, 2,2-dimethylpropylamino, 2,2-dimethylbutylamino, 1-methyl-1-ethylpropylamino, 1,1-diethylpropylamino, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylamino, 1,1,2-trimethylbutylamino, 1,1,2,2-tetramethylpropylamino, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenylamino, 1,1,2-trimethyl-2-propenylamino, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenylamino, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynylamino, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butynylamino, 1-cyclopropyl-1-methylethylamino, 1-cyclobutyl-1-methylmethylbut
• any of these groups may also have a methyl substitution on the nitrogen, as in N-(methyl)-1,1-dimethylethylamino and N-(methyl)-1,1-dimethylpropylamino.
• N-(methyl)-1,1-dimethylethylamino and N-(methyl)-1,1-dimethylpropylamino are preferred.
• B include 1,1-dimethylethoxy, 1,1-dimethylpropoxy, 1,1-dimethylbutoxy, 1,1-dimethylpentoxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylbutoxy, 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 2,2-dimethylbutoxy, 1-methyl-1-ethylpropoxy, 1,1-diethylpropoxy, 1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1,1,2-trimethylbutoxy, 1,1,2,2-tetramethylpropoxy, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenoxy, 1,1,2-trimethyl-2-propenoxy, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenoxy, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyloxy, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butynyloxy, 1-cyclopropyl-1-methylethoxy, 1-cyclobutyl-1-methylethoxy, 1-cyclopentyl-1-methylethoxy, 1-(1-cyclopentenyl)-1-methylethoxy, 1-cyclohexyl-1-methylethoxy, 1-(1-
• B include 1-methylcyclopropyl, 1-methylcyclobutyl, 1-methylcyclopentyl, 1-methylcyclohexyl, 1-methylcyclopropylamino, 1-methylcyclobutylamino, 1-methylcyclopentylamino, 1-methylcyclohexylamino, N-(methyl)-1-methylcyclopropylamino, N-(methyl)-1-methylcyclobutylamino, N-(methyl)-1-methylcyclopentylamino, and N-(methyl)-1-methylcyclohexylamino.
• R n may be any substituent(s) which do(es) not unduly reduce the effectiveness of the compounds to function in the method of disease control.
• R n is generally a small group; "n" is preferably 2 for thiophene.
• R is more preferably methyl or halogen, and more preferably is located adjacent to A.
• the present invention also provides novel compounds of the formula given above.
• the invention also provides fungicidal compositions useful in said method.
• alkyl means an alkyl radical, straight or branched chain, having, unless otherwise indicated, from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
• alkenyl and “alkynyl” mean unsaturated radicals having from 2 to 7 carbon atoms. Examples of such alkenyl groups include ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-methylethenyl, and the like.
• alkynyl groups examples include ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl, and so forth.
• Substituent groups may also be both alkenyl and alkynyl, for example, 6,6-dimethyl-2-hepten-4-ynyl.
• alkoxy means an alkyl group having, unless otherwise indicated, from 1 to 10 carbon atoms connected via an ether linkage. Examples of such alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, and so forth.
• alkoxyalkyl means an ether radical having, unless otherwise indicated, from 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of such alkoxyalkyl groups include methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, and so forth.
• dialkylamino and “dialkylamino” each mean an amino group having, respectively, 1 or 2 hydrogens replaced with an alkyl group.
• haloalkyl means an alkyl radical having one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by halogens, including radicals having all hydrogen atoms substituted by halogen. Examples of such haloalkyl groups are fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chloromethyl, trichloromethyl, and so forth.
• halo means a radical selected from chloro, bromo, fluoro, and iodo.
• Control of Gg diseases may be accomplished in several ways.
• the agent may be applied directly to soil infested with Gg , for example, at the time of planting along with the seed. Alternatively, it may applied after planting and germination. Preferably, however, it is applied to the seed in a coating prior to planting. This technique is commonly used in many crops to provide fungicides for control of various phytopathological fungi.
• compositions of the present invention are comprised of a fungicidally effective amount of one or more of the compounds described above and one or more adjuvants.
• the active ingredient may be present in such compositions at levels from 0.01 to 95 percent by weight.
• Other fungicides may also be included to provide a broader spectrum of fungal control. The choice of fungicides will depend on the crop and the diseases known to be a threat to that crop in the location of interest.
• the fungicidal compositions of this invention may contain at least one active ingredient and an adjuvant in liquid or solid form.
• the compositions are prepared by admixing the active ingredient with an adjuvant including diluents, extenders, carriers, and conditioning agents to provide compositions in the form of finely-divided particulate solids, granules, pellets, solutions, dispersions or emulsions.
• an adjuvant such as a finely-divided solid, a liquid of organic origin, water, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, an emulsifying agent or any suitable combination of these.
• Suitable wetting agents are believed to include alkyl benzene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, sulfated fatty alcohols, amines or acid amides, long chain acid esters of sodium isothionate, esters of sodium sulfosuccinate, sulfated or sulfonated fatty acid esters, petroleum sulfonates, sulfonated vegetable oils, ditertiary acetylenic glycols, polyoxyethylene derivatives of alkylphenols (particularly isooctylphenol and nonylphenol) and polyoxyethylene derivatives of the mono-higher fatty acid esters of hexitol anhydrides (e.g., sorbitan).
• alkyl benzene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates sulfated fatty alcohols, amines or acid amides
• long chain acid esters of sodium isothionate esters of sodium
• Preferred dispersants are methyl, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium lignin sulfonates, polymeric alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, sodium naphthalene sulfonate, and polymethylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate.
• Stabilizers may also be used to produce stable emulsions, such as magnesium aluminum silicate and xanthan gum.
• compositions include dust concentrates comprising from 0.1 to 60% by weight of the active ingredient on a suitable extender, optionally including other adjuvants to improve handling properties, e.g., graphite. These dusts may be diluted for application at concentrations within the range of from about 0.1-10% by weight.
• Concentrates may also be aqueous emulsions, prepared by stirring a nonaqueous solution of a water-insoluble active ingredient and an emulsification agent with water until uniform and then homogenizing to give stable emulsion of very finely-divided particles.
• they may be aqueous suspensions, prepared by milling a mixture of a water-insoluble active ingredient and wetting agents to give a suspension, characterized by its extremely small particle size, so that when diluted, coverage is very uniform. Suitable concentrations of these formulations contain from about 0.1-60% preferably 5-50% by weight of active ingredient.
• Concentrates may be solutions of active ingredient in suitable solvents together with a surface active agent.
• suitable solvents for the active ingredients of this invention for use in seed treatment include propylene glycol, furfuryl alcohol, other alcohols or glycols, and other solvents which do not substantially interfere with seed germination. If the active ingredient is to be applied to the soil, then solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, hydrocarbons, and water-immiscible ethers, esters, or ketones.
• the concentrate compositions herein generally contain from about 1.0 to 95 parts (preferably 5-60 parts) active ingredient, about 0.25 to 50 parts (preferably 1-25 parts) surface active agent and where required about 4 to 94 parts solvent, all parts being by weight based on the total weight of the concentrate.
• Granules are physically stable particulate compositions comprising at least one active ingredient adhered to or distributed through a basic matrix of an inert, finely-divided particulate extender.
• a surface active agent such as those listed hereinbefore, or for example, propylene glycol, can be present in the composition.
• Natural clays, pyrophyllites, illite, and vermiculite are examples of operable classes of particulate mineral extenders.
• the preferred extenders are the porous, absorptive, preformed particles such as preformed and screened particulate attapulgite or heat expanded, particulate vermiculite and the finely-divided clays such as kaolin clays, hydrated attapulgite or bentonitic clays. These extenders are sprayed or blended with the active ingredient to form the fungicidal granules.
• the granular compositions of this invention may contain from about 0.1 to about 30 parts by weight of active ingredient per 100 parts by weight of clay and 0 to about 5 parts by weight of surface active agent per 100 parts by weight of particulate clay.
• the method of the present invention may be carried out by mixing the composition comprising the active ingredient into the seed prior to planting at rates from 0.01 to 50 g per kg of seed, preferably from 0.1 to 5 g per kg, and more preferably from 0.2 to 2 g per kg. If application to the soil is desired, the compounds may be applied at rates from 10 to 1000 g per hectare, preferably from 50 to 500 g per hectare. The higher application rates will be needed for situations of light soils or greater rainfall or both.
• the compounds useful in the present invention may be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
• the following examples illustrate some of these methods and are illustrative only; they are not meant to be limiting in any way.
• Method B Ortho-introduction of Electrophiles into N,N-dialkylbenzamides via Inverse Addition.
• Example f The compound of Example f (5.0 g, 27.2 mmol), TMEDA (6.6 g, 57.1 mmol), and THF (100 Ml) were stirred at -78 °C under nitrogen, and 1.3M s-BuLi in cyclohexane (44 mL, 57.1 mmol) was added dropwise. The mixture was stirred for 15 min and trimethylborate (3.1 g, 29.9 mmol) was added all at once. The mixture was then stirred at -78 °C for 30 min before warming to RT. It was then poured into 10% HCl (100 mL). This mixture was made basic with sat aq NaHCO 3 and extracted with ether.
• This compound (1.05 eq) in ethanol (2 mL) is added to an appropriate aryl, benzyl, or vinyl bromide (1 eq) and catalytic tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(O) in toluene (20 mL) at RT under nitrogen.
• Sodium carbonate (4 mL of a 2M aq solution) was then added and the resulting mixture was heated to reflux (4-24 h) and monitored by TLC.
• the mixture was then cooled to room temperature, diluted with additional toluene (20 mL), filtered through celite/silica, washed with water, dried (MgSO 4 ), and concentrated. If needed, the crude product was purified by chromatography or recrystallization from ethyl acetate/hexanes.
• Example a The compound of Example a (2.4 g, 0.01 mol), thionyl chloride (3.57 g, 0.03 mol), toluene (50 mL), and 1 drop of DMF were stirred at RT overnight. The reaction mixture was twice concentrated under vacuum from toluene (50 mL) to afford the desired product as a brown oil in 100% yield.
• the mixture was extracted with two 100 mL portions of ether, which were combined and washed three times with sat aq NaHCO 3 solution.
• the bicarbonate solution was acidified with 25% citric acid and extracted with three 100 mL portions of ether. These extracts were combined, dried (MgSO4), and concentrated.
• the crude product was purified by recrystallization from ether/hexanes, and the desired product was recovered as a white solid in 35% yield. m.p. 139-141 °C.
• Example c The title compound was prepared from the compound of Example c according to the procedure of Example b.
• Example b The compound of Example b (5.0 mmol) was dissolved in 50 mL acetonitrile and tetrabutylammonium azide (Bu 4 N 3 ) (5.2 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at RT for 0.5 h. The solvent was removed and the resulting oil was dissolved in 100 mL toluene. After addition of 100 mL hexane a precipitate was filtered off; the filtrate was concentrated to yield 1.5 g of the title compound.
• tetrabutylammonium azide Bu 4 N 3
• This compound (6.4 g, 29.9 mmol) was added to a solution of pyridium chlorochromate (7.5 g) in CH 2 Cl 2 (500 mL). The mixture was stirred over 2 days and ether (500 mL) was added. The mixture was filtered through silica gel and the solvent removed under vacuum. Again ether (200 mL) was added and the mixture filtered through silica gel. The solvent was removed to yield the title compound as 6.2 g of an oil, a 98% yield.
• 2,6-Difluorobenzoyl chloride 100 g, 566 mmol was added dropwise over 2 h to a vigorously stirred and ice water cooled mixture of 2-bromoethyl amine hydrobromide (116.05 g, 566 mmol), benzyltriethylammonium chloride (5 g, 22.0 mmol), 10% aq NaOH (680 mL, 1.7 mol), and CH 2 Cl 2 (1.5 L).
• Example k N-ethyl t-butylmethyleneimine.
• the title compound was prepared from 5-chloro-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid using the methods of Example 3 yielding 1.5 g as a white solid, m.p. 105-108 °C.
• the title compound was prepared from 5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid using the methods of Example 3 yielding 3.6 g as a white solid. m.p. 112-115 °C.
• Example 3 The compound of Example 3 was reacted with iodine using the method of step c of Example 3 to give 0.5 g of the title compound as a white solid. m.p. 85-88 °C.
• the title compound was prepared from 5-chloro-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid and allylamine, followed by reaction with TMSC1 using the methods of Example 3 to afford 0.7 g of the title compound as a white solid. m.p. 63-66 °C.
• step c of Example 3 a solution of 5-chloro-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid (3.3 g, 20 mmol) in THF was reacted with 20 mL 2.5M n-BuLi in hexane and then quenched with 8 mL TMSC1 to give crude 5-chloro-3-(trimethylsilyl)-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid.
• Example 12 The compound of Example 12 (1.1 g) was reacted with 0.52 g of methyl methanethiosulfonate using procedure described for the preparation of the compound of Example 22.
• the title compound (0.6 g) was purified by flash chromatography with 2% ethyl acetate-hexane and recovered as a colorless oil. n D 25 1.5698.
• the title compound was prepared from methyl ethyl ketone using the methods of Example 24 and was obtained as a white solid. m.p. 77-80 °C.
• 5-Chloro-3-(trimethylsilyl)-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid chloride was prepared by the reaction of 1 g 5-chloro-3-(trimethylsilyl)-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid (prepared as in Example 13) and 6 mL thionyl chloride, using the procedure of step a in Example 3. This product was dissolved in CH 2 Cl 2 at 0 °C and added to a mixture of N-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.55g, 5 mmol) and 4 g NaHCO 3 in 20 mL CH 2 Cl 2 and 20 mL water. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at RT for additional 3 h.
• test compounds (0.25 mL of an appropriate stock solution in acetone) are incorporated into 25 mL minimal media agar [prepared by autoclaving a solution of 17.5 g Czapek Dox broth (Difco), 7.5 g purified agar or Bacto-agar (Difco), and 500 mL distilled/deionized water, and then adding 50 ⁇ L of 1 mg/mL thiamine hydrochloride and 50 ⁇ L of 1 mg/mL biotin in 5% ethanol] and plates are prepared.
• minimal media agar prepared by autoclaving a solution of 17.5 g Czapek Dox broth (Difco), 7.5 g purified agar or Bacto-agar (Difco), and 500 mL distilled/deionized water, and then adding 50 ⁇ L of 1 mg/mL thiamine hydrochloride and 50 ⁇ L of 1 mg/mL biotin in 5% ethanol
• Each plate is inoculated by placing in a triangular shape three 4-mm plugs of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici ( Ggt ) grown on the minimal media agar described above.
• the plates are incubated in the dark at 19 - 20 °C for 4 to 5 days.
• the growth of the fungus is measured as the diameter of the mycelial growth.
• the result is expressed as Percent Inhibition, calculated as [1 - [(mm growth on treated plate - 4)/(mm growth on control plate - 4)]] x 100.
• the oats are dried and mixed with the soil at 4% v/v.
• Four wheat seeds are placed on top of the soil in each pot.
• the test compounds are prepared as an 1:9 acetone/ water v/v solution containing 0.18% Tween® 20 to provide a treatment rate of 0.5 mg active ingredient per pot, treated with 3 mL test solution per pot.
• Five pots are used for each treatment level and the controls, which are untreated, inoculated and non-inoculated pots.
• the seeds are covered with more of the appropriate soil and a layer of vermiculite.
• the pots are placed in a growth chamber and watered each day. After four weeks, each pot is evaluated for evidence of disease by examination of the seminal roots of each plant under a dissecting microscope.
• a 0 to 5 rating scale having the following meanings is used:
• Examples 1-26 are combined with various adjuvants, carriers, and other additives and mixed with wheat and barley seed at rates of from 0.01 to 50 g active ingredient per kg of seed which reduce the incidence of Gg in previously infested fields compared to check fields seeded with untreated seed.

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